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Remote System Visual Monitoring And Control

Project submitted as part of fulfillment of the Degree of

MASTERS IN COMPUTER APPLICATION (MCA)

To

ICFAI School of Information Technology

By

Swetango Banerjee (08 MCA 124)

Under the guidance of

Prof. M. Venkatesam

(Faculty ICFAI University)

ICFAI School of Information Technology, Plot No.-65,

Nagarjuna Hills, Punjagutta, Hyderabad- 500 082, A.P


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DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the project entitled Remote System Visual Monitoring and Control

has been developed by us during March 2009 to June 2009 at ISIT, Hyderabad as partial

fulfillment of the Masters in Computer Application (MCA).

We also declare that this report is the result of our own effort and is not a copy of any

published or unpublished report and has been submitted by anyone to any other

University/Institution.

Swetango Banerjee

(08 MCA 124)


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ABSTRACT

The project will implement drop in, open source replacement for the remote desktop

connection application and remote ActiveX control. (The look, API and features will be

reproduced faithfully, within the limits of the current state of the art in open source RDP

clients).

It will help to see the desktop of the remote system spread across the multiple monitors.

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) allows a client to communicate with a Windows Server. With

RDP, we can run application on a server from a remote client. RDP uses authentication and

encryption to prevent traffic from leak.


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INTRODUCTION

Remote Desktop, enables you to connect to your computer across the Internet from virtually

any computer. Once connected, Remote Desktop gives you mouse and keyboard control over

your computer while showing you everything that's happening on the screen. With Remote

Desktop, you can leave your computer at the office without losing access to your files,

applications.

It allows multi accessing system. That means at a time a client can monitoring and

control number of systems within the intranet.

File Transfer:

One of the benefits of Remote Desktop is that you can transfer files between a local and

remote computer. To do this, use the Remote Desktop Connection application that ships with

XP. If you are connecting from Remote desktop server machine

Follow these steps to complete the file transfer:

1. Run the Remote Desktop Connection.2. Enter the IP address of the computer you want to connect to.3. Than press connect button4. Then select file transfer button and then select send files option in the menu.5. Then it will send the files to the remote host.

Server authentication:

In Remote Desktop Connection, server authentication verifies that you are connecting

to the correct remote computer or server. This security measure helps prevent you from

connecting to a different computer or server than you intend to connect to. This also prevents

you from unintentionally exposing confidential information.


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OBJECTIVE

The project entitled Remote System Visual Monitoring and Control is the application is

used for monitoring and controls the remote hosts.

The Remote System Probe provides a powerful solution for remotely accessing and

monitoring all of an organizations Windows, Linux, and UNIX servers. The Remote System

Probe utilizes standard and secure server management protocols, such as RDP to perform

automated server discovery, monitoring, and performance trend reporting. The probe can be

installed as single or multiple instances across a distributed environment for strategic server

monitoring deployments.

Existing System:

This Remote System allows user to monitoring and control the remote desktop of

another host within the network.

Problems in Existing System:

Existing Remote System doesnt provide to access the multiple Remote hosts in a single

system. Existing system allows user to access any other Remote host desktop, that desktop

automatically locks. Existing system allows user to operating one system in one position at a

time.

Solution for problems in existing system:

It allows user to access the multiple remote hosts desktops in a single system. This

system allows user to Monitoring and control one system at different locations at same time.

This system provides security to Remote hosts.


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Computational Environment

Hardware Specifications:

The above system runs on Windows 95, 98, ME, NT 4.0, 2000, XP, 2003 Server and Vista.

System Requirement :

Pentium 3, 128 MB RAM, 20GB HDD, 32 Bit PCI-Ethernet card.

Software Specifications:

Front End: JAVA Swings.

IDE : Net Beans 6.5.


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Feasibility Report

Fact Finding Techniques:

In this system we are going to develop a facility to a user that he will not face any difficulty

at the time of usage like data missing, one way contacts, one view contacts. As we are

developing this system with an encoding technique of images the user will not be bothered

on which camera support is using, as well in sound. As we are maintaining one technique of

speed controlling the frame relay will not be a problem for the user like over speed display,

hanged display.

Feasibility Study :

A feasibility study is a high-level capsule version of the entire System analysis and Design

Process. The study begins by classifying the problem definition. Feasibility is to determine if its

worth doing. Once an acceptance problem definition has been generated, the analyst develops

a logical model of the system. A search for alternatives is analyzed carefully. There are 3 parts in

feasibility study.

Operational Feasibility :

Question that going to be asked are

y Will the system be used if it developed and implemented.y If there was sufficient support for the project from the management and from the

users.

y Have the users been involved in planning and development of the Project.


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y Will the system produce poorer result in any respect or area?This system can be implemented in the organization because there is adequate support

from management and users. Being developed in Java so that the necessary operations are

carried out automatically.

Technical feasibility :

y Does the necessary technology exist to do what is been suggestedy Does the proposed equipment have the technical capacity for using the new system?y Are there technical guarantees of accuracy, reliability and data security?y The project is developed on Pentium IV with 256 MB RAM.y The environment required in the development of system is any windows platformy The observer pattern along with factory pattern will update the results eventuallyy The language used in the development is JAVA 1.5 & Windows Environment

Financial and Economical Feasibility :

The system developed and installed will be good benefit to the organization. The system will be

developed and operated in the existing hardware and software infrastructure. So there is no

need of additional hardware and software for the system.


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MODULES DESCRIPTION

Number of Modules:1. User Interface module2. Remote Monitoring module3. Remote Controlling module

User Interface Module:

Rich user interface is developed in order to communicate. It allows user to input remote

host IP address and port number of Remote Server and username, password of the remote

system. It allows user to show the multiple remote desktops at different windows.

Remote Monitoring module:

Remote Monitoring (RMON) is a standard monitoring specification that enables various

network monitors and console systems to exchange network-monitoring data. RMON provides

network administrators with more freedom in selecting network-monitoring probes and

consoles with features that meet their particular networking needs. This module performs the

monitoring multiple remote desktops at a system. This module captures the Remote host

desktop at every 10 seconds.

Remote Controlling module:

This module enables you to observe or control any number of remote Mac or Virtual

Network Computing (VNC)enabled computers. New features for managing Mac computers

include easy drag and drop of files, remote copy


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And paste of text and images, and Curtain Mode for concealing sensitive information from

users. And thanks to innovative screen sharing, you can provide help and training to users

without leaving your desk.

For anyone managing a group of Mac computers, Remote Desktop is an innovative application

that streamlines your workflow while reducing support costs, improving system management,

and increasing security.


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SDLC METHDOLOGIES

This document play a vital role in the development of life cycle (SDLC) as it describes the

complete requirement of the system. It means for use by developers and will be the basic

during testing phase. Any changes made to the requirements in the future will have to go

through formal change approval process.

SPIRAL MODEL was defined by Barry Boehm in his 1988 article, A spiral Model of Software

Development and Enhancement. This model was not the first model to discuss iterative

development, but it was the first model to explain why the iteration models.

As originally envisioned, the iterations were typically 6 months to 2 years long. Each phase

starts with a design goal and ends with a client reviewing the progress thus far. Analysis

and engineering efforts are applied at each phase of the project, with an eye toward the

end goal of the project.

The steps for Spiral Model can be generalized as follows:

y The new system requirements are defined in as much details as possible. Thisusually involves interviewing a number of users representing all the external or

internal users and other aspects of the existing system.

y A preliminary design is created for the new system.y A first prototype of the new system is constructed from the preliminary design. This

is usually a scaled-down system, and represents an approximation of the

characteristics of the final product.

y A second prototype is evolved by a fourfold procedure:1. Evaluating the first prototype in terms of its strengths, weakness, and risks.


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2. Defining the requirements of the second prototype.3. Planning an designing the second prototype.4. Constructing and testing the second prototype.

y At the customer option, the entire project can be aborted if the risk is deemed toogreat. Risk factors might involved development cost overruns, operating-cost

miscalculation, or any other factor that could, in the customers judgment, result in a

less-than-satisfactory final product.

y The existing prototype is evaluated in the same manner as was the previousprototype, and if necessary, another prototype is developed from it according to the

fourfold procedure outlined above.

y The preceding steps are iterated until the customer is satisfied that the refinedprototype represents the final product desired.

y The final system is constructed, based on the refined prototype.y The final system is thoroughly evaluated and tested. Routine maintenance is

carried on a continuing basis to prevent large scale failures and to minimize down

time.


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The following diagram shows how a spiral model acts like:

Fig - Spiral Model


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ADVANTAGES :

y Estimates(i.e. budget, schedule etc .) become more relistic as work progresses,because important issues discoved earlier.

y It is more able to cope with the changes that are software development generallyentails.

y Software engineers can get their hands in and start woring on the core of a projectearlier.

APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT :

N-TIER APPLICATIONS

N-Tier Applications can easily implement the concepts of Distributed Application Design and

Architecture. The N-Tier Applications provide strategic benefits to Enterprise Solutions. While 2-

tier, client-server can help us create quick and easy solutions and may be used for Rapid

Prototyping, they can easily become a maintenance and security night mare

The N-tier Applications provide specific advantages that are vital to the business continuity of

the enterprise. Typical features of a real life n-tier may include the following:

y Securityy Availability and Scalabilityy Manageabilityy Easy Maintenancey Data Abstraction


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The above mentioned points are some of the key design goals of a successful n-tier application

that intends to provide a good Business Solution.

DEFINITION

Simply stated, an n-tier application helps us distribute the overall functionality into various tiers

or layers:

y Presentation Layery Business Rules Layery Data Access Layery Database/Data Store

Each layer can be developed independently of the other provided that it adheres to the

standards and communicates with the other layers as per the specifications.

This is the one of the biggest advantages of the n-tier application. Each layer can potentially

treat the other layer as a Block-Box.

In other words, each layer does not care how other layer processes the data as long as it sends

the right data in a correct format.


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Fig 1.1-N-Tier Architecture

1. THE PRESENTATION LAYERAlso called as the client layer comprises of components that are dedicated to presenting

the data to the user. For example: Windows/Web Forms and buttons, edit boxes, Text

boxes, labels, grids, etc.

2. THE BUSINESS RULES LAYERThis layer encapsulates the Business rules or the business logic of the encapsulations. To

have a separate layer for business logic is of a great advantage. This is because any

changes in Business Rules can be easily handled in this layer. As long as the interface

between the layers remains the same, any changes to the functionality/processing logic

in this layer can be made without impacting the others. A lot of client-server apps failed

to implement successfully as changing the business logic was a painful process.


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3. THE DATA ACCESS LAYERThis layer comprises of components that help in accessing the Database. If used in the

right way, this layer provides a level of abstraction for the database structures. Simply

put changes made to the database, tables, etc do not affect the rest of the application

because of the Data Access layer. The different application layers send the data requests

to this layer and receive the response from this layer.

4. THE DATABASE LAYERThis layer comprises of the Database Components such as DB Files, Tables, Views, etc.

The Actual database could be created using SQL Server, Oracle, Flat files, etc.

In an n-tier application, the entire application can be implemented in such a way that it

is independent of the actual Database. For instance, you could change the Database

Location with minimal changes to Data Access Layer. The rest of the Application should

remain unaffected.


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SYSTEM ANALYSIS

D

ata FlowD

iagrams :

A graphical tool used to describe and analyze the moment of data through a system

manual or automated including the process, stores of data, and delays in the system. Data Flow

Diagrams are the central tool and the basis from which other components are developed. The

transformation of data from input to output, through processes, may be described logically and

independently of the physical components associated with the system. The DFD is also know as

a data flow graph or a bubble chart.

DFDs are the model of the proposed system. They clearly should show the requirements

on which the new system should be built. Later during design activity this is taken as the basis

for drawing the systems structure charts. The Basic Notation used to create a DFDs are as

follows:

1. Dataflow: Data move in a specific direction from an origin to a destination.


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2. Process: People, procedures, or devices that use or produce (Transform) Data. The

physical component is not identified.

3. Source:External sources or destination of data, which may be People, programs,

organizations or other entities.

4. Data Store:Here data are stored or referenced by a process in the System.


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Context Level Diagram or 0th

Level Diagram

Remote System

Visual

Monitoring and

Control

Remote Desktop Controlling

and Monitoring

File Transfer

User Interface


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Level 1 Diagram (User Interface)

Level 2 Diagram (File Transfer)

1.0

User

Interface

Client Remote Desktop

Response

Input IP

Address

Capture

2.0

File

Transfer

Client Remote Desktop

Response

Request


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Level 3Diagram (Controlling And Monitoring)

3.0

Remote Desktop

Controlling and

Monitoring

Client

Input IP

Address

Response

3.1

Open or Close

Programs

3.2

Error Handling

and

Troubleshooting

3.4

Add or

Remove

Pro rams

3.3

Shut

Down/Restart

/Log Off


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FLOW CHART

Client

Connect to Server

Monitoring Remote

Desktop

Controlling Remote

Desktop

Validate

Fail

Success


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Use Case Diagrams :

Use case Diagrams represent the functionality of the system from a users point of view. Use

cases are used during requirements elicitation and analysis to represent the functionality of the

system. Use cases focus on the behavior of the system from external point of view.

Actors are external entities that interact with the system. Examples of actors include users like

administrator, bank customer etc., or another system like central database.

Client Usecase :


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Server Usecase :


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Client Sequence Diagram-1:


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Client Sequence Diagram-2


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Deployment Diagram

Component Diagram

Connect To Remote System

Remote Host Status

Monitoring

Controling

Server

RDP Protocol

Client client


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Technology Description

RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol):

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) is a multi-channel protocol that allows a user to connect to anetworked computer. Clients exist for most versions ofWindows (including handheld versions),

Linux/Unix, Mac OS X and other modern operating systems. The server listens by default on TCP

port 3389. Microsoft refers to the official RDP server software as Terminal Services or Remote

Desktop Services. The official client software is referred as either Remote Desktop Connection

(RDC) or Terminal Services Client (TSC). Mac OS X's client is simply called Remote Desktop.

Features

y 32-bit color support. 8-, 15-, 16-, and 24-bit color are also supported.y 128-bit encryption, using the RC4 encryption algorithm (this is the default security; older

clients may use encryption of lesser strength). But because of the man-in-the-middle

vulnerability in pre-version 6.0 implementations, in many circumstances the traffic can

be decrypted along the way.

y Transport Layer Security support.y Audio Redirection allows users to run an audio program on the remote desktop and

have the sound redirected to their local computer.

y File System Redirection allows users to use their local files on a remote desktop withinthe terminal session.

y Printer Redirection allows users to use their local printer within the terminal session asthey would with a locally or network shared printer.

y Port Redirection allows applications running within the terminal session to access localserial and parallel ports directly.

y The clipboard can be shared between the remote computer and the local computer.

The following features were introduced with the release of RDP 6.0:

y Remote Programs: Application publishing with client-side file type associations.


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y Seamless Windows: Remote applications can run on a client machine that is served by aRemote Desktop connection.

y Terminal Server Gateway: Enables the ability to use a front-end IIS server to acceptconnections (over port 443) for back-end Terminal Services servers via an https

connection, similar to how RPC over https allows Outlook clients to connect to a back-

end Exchange 2003 server. Requires Windows Server 2008

y Support for remoting the Aero Glass Theme (or Composed Desktop), including ClearType font smoothing technology.

y support will be able to display full Windows Presentation Foundation effects on a localmachine.

y Rewrite of device redirection to be more general-purpose, allowing a greater variety ofdevices to be accessed.

y All of Terminal Services will be fully configurable and scriptable via WindowsManagement Instrumentation.

y Improved bandwidth tuning for RDP clients.y Support for Transport Layer Security (TLS) 1.0 on both server and client ends (set as

default).

yMultiple monitor support. Spread session across two monitors.

FEATURES OF THE LANGUAGE USED:

About Java:

Initially the language was called as oak but it was renamed as Java in 1995. The primary

motivation of this language was the need for a platform-independent (i.e., architecture neutral)

language that could be used to create software to be embedded in various consumer electronic

devices.


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Java is a programmers language. Java is cohesive and consistent.

Except for those constraints imposed by the Internet environment, Java gives theprogrammer, full control.

Finally, Java is to Internet programming where C was to system programming.

Swings :

Swing, which is an extension library to the AWT, includes new and improved components that

enhance the look and functionality of GUIs. Swing can be used to build Standalone swing Gui

Apps as well as Servlets and Applets. It employs a model/view design architecture. Swing is

more portable and more flexible than AWT.

Swing is built on top of AWT and is entirely written in Java, using AWTs lightweight component

support. In particular, unlike AWT, t he architecture of Swing components makes it easy to

customize both their appearance and behavior. Components from AWT and Swing can be

mixed, allowing you to add Swing support to existing AWT-based programs. For example, swing

components such as JSlider, JButton and JCheckbox could be used in the same program with

standard AWT labels, textfields and scrollbars. You could subclass the existing Swing UI, model,

or change listener classes without having to reinvent the entire implementation. Swing also has

the ability to replace these objects on-the-fly.

y 100% Java implementation of componentsy Pluggable Look & Feely Lightweight componentsy Uses MVC Architecture


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Model represents the data

View as a visual representation of the data

Controller takes input and translates it to changes in data

yThree partsComponent set (subclasses of JComponent)

Support classes

Interfaces

In Swing, classes that represent GUI components have names beginning with the letter J. Some

examples are JButton, JLabel, and JSlider. Altogether there are more than 250 new classes and

75 interfaces in Swing twice as many as in AWT.

Java Swing class hierarchy

The class JComponent, descended directly from Container, is the root class for most of Swings

user interface components.


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Swing contains components that youll use to build a GUI. I am listing you some of the

commonly used Swing components. To learn and understand these swing programs, AWT

Programming knowledge is not required.

Applications and Applets

An application is a program that runs on our Computer under the operating system of that

computer. It is more or less like one creating using C or C++. Javas ability to create Applets

makes it important. An Applet is an application designed, to be transmitted over the Internet

and executed by a Java compatible web browser. An applet is actually a tiny Java program,

dynamically downloaded across the network, just like an image. But the difference is, it is an

intelligent program, not just a media file. It can react to the user input and dynamically change.

FEATURES OF JAVA

Security

Every time you that you download a normal program; you are risking a viral infection.

Prior to Java, most users did not download executable programs frequently, and those who

did scan them for viruses prior to execution. Most users still worried about the possibility of

infecting their systems with a virus. In addition, another type of malicious program exists

that must be guarded against. This type of program can gather private information, such as

credit card numbers, bank account balances, and passwords.Java answers both of these

concerns by providing a firewall between a networked application and your computer.


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When you use a Java-compatible Web browser, you can safely download Java applets

without fear of virus infection or malicious intent.

Portability

For programs to be dynamically downloaded to all the various types of platforms connected to

the Internet, some means of generating portable executable code is needed .As you will see,

the same mechanism that helps ensure security also helps create portability. Indeed, Javas

solution to these two problems is both elegant and efficient.

The Byte code

The key that allows the Java to solve the security and portability problem is that the output of

Java compiler is Byte code. Byte code is a highly optimized set of instructions designed to

execute by the Java run-time system, which is called the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). That is, in

its standard form, the JVM is an interpreter for byte code.

Translating a Java program into byte code helps makes it much easier to run a program in a

wide variety of environments. The reason is, once therun-time package exists for a given

system, any Java program can run on it.

Although Java was designed for interpretation, there is technically nothing about Java that

prevents on-the-fly compilation of byte code into native code. Sun has just completed its Just In

Time (JIT) compiler for byte code. When the JIT compiler is a part of JVM, it compiles byte code

into executable code in real time, on a piece-by-piece, demand basis. It is not possible to

compile an entire Java program into executable code all at once, because Java performs various


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run-time checks that can be done only at run time. The JIT compiles code, as it is needed,

during execution.

Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

Beyond the language, there is the Java virtual machine. The Java virtual machine is an

important element of the Java technology. The virtual machine can be embedded within a web

browser or an operating system. Once a piece of Java code is loaded onto a machine, it is

verified. As part of the loading process, a class loader is invoked and does byte code verification

makes sure that the code thats has been generated by the compiler will not corrupt the

machine that its loaded on. Byte code verification takes place at the end of the compilation

process to make sure that is all accurate and correct. So byte code verification is integral to the

compiling and executing of Java code.

.Java .Class

The above picture shows the development process a typical Java programming uses to produce

byte codes and executes them. The first box indicates that the Java source code is located in a.

Java file that is processed with a Java compiler called JAVA. The Java compiler produces a file

called a. class file, which contains the byte code. The class file is then loaded across the network

JavaJava bytecode

Java

Javac


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or loaded locally on your machine into the execution environment is the Java virtual machine,

which interprets and executes the byte code.

Java Architecture

Java architecture provides a portable, robust, high performing environment for development.

Java provides portability by compiling the byte codes for the Java Virtual Machine, which is then

interpreted on each platform by the run-time environment. Java is a dynamic system, able to

load code when needed from a machine in the same room or across the planet.

Compilation of Code

When you compile the code, the Java compiler creates machine code (called byte code) for a

hypothetical machine called Java Virtual Machine (JVM). The JVM is supposed to execute the

byte code. The JVM is created for overcoming the issue of portability. The code is written and

compiled for one machine and interpreted on all machines. This machine is called Java Virtual

Machine.


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Compiling and interpreting Java Source Code

During run-time the Java interpreter tricks the byte code file into thinking that it is running on a

Java Virtual Machine. In reality this could be an Intel Pentium Windows 95 or Suns ARC station

running Solaris or Apple Macintosh running system and all could receive code from any

computer through Internet and run the Applets.

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SIMPLE

Java was designed to be easy for the Professional programmer to learn and to use effectively. If you are

an experienced C++ programmer, learning Java will be even easier. Because Java inherits the C/C++

syntax and many of the object oriented features of C++. Most of the confusing concepts from C++ are

either left out of Java or implemented in a cleaner, more approachable manner. In Java there are a small

number of clearly defined ways to accomplish a given task.

Object-Oriented

Java was not designed to be source-code compatible with any other language. This allowed the Java

team the freedom to design with a blank slate. One outcome of this was a clean usable, pragmatic

approach to objects. The object model in Java is simple and easy to extend, while simple types, such as

integers, are kept as high-performance non-objects.

Robust

The multi-platform environment of the Web places extraordinary demands on a program, because the

program must execute reliably in a variety of systems. The ability to create robust programs was given a

high priority in the design of Java. Java is strictly typed language; it checks your code at compile time and

run time. Java virtually eliminates the problems of memory management and de-allocation, which is

completely automatic. In a well-written Java program, all run time errors can and should be managed

by your program.


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What is networking?

Computers running on the Internet communicate to each other using either the Transmission Control

Protocol (TCP) or the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), as this diagram illustrates:

When you write Java programs that communicate over the network, you are programming at the

application layer. Typically, you don't need to concern yourself with the TCP and UDP layers. Instead,

you can use the classes in thejava.net package. These classes provide system-independent network

communication. However, to decide which Java classes your programs should use, you do need to

understand how TCP and UDP differ.

TCP

When two applications want to communicate to each other reliably, they establish a

connection and send data back and forth over that connection. This is analogous to making a

telephone call. If you want to speak to Aunt Beatrice in Kentucky, a connection is established

when you dial her phone number and she answers. You send data back and forth over the

connection by speaking to one another over the phone lines. Like the phone company, TCP

guarantees that data sent from one end of the connection actually gets to the other end and in

the same order it was sent. Otherwise, an error is reported.


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TCP provides a point-to-point channel for applications that require reliable communications.

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Telnet are all

examples of applications that require a reliable communication channel. The order in which the

data is sent and received over the network is critical to the success of these applications. When

HTTP is used to read from a URL, the data must be received in the order in which it was sent.

Otherwise, you end up with a jumbled HTML file, a corrupt zip file, or some other invalid

information.

Definition: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a connection-based protocol that provides a reliable

flow of data between two computers.

UDP

The UDP protocol provides for communication that is not guaranteed between two applications on the

network. UDP is not connection-based like TCP. Rather, it sends independent packets of data, called

datagram, from one application to another. Sending datagram is much like sending a letter through the

postal service: The order of delivery is not important and is not guaranteed, and each message is

independent of any other.

Definition: UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a protocol that sends independent packets of data, called

datagrams, from one computer to another with no guarantees about arrival. UDP is not connection-

based like TCP.

For many applications, the guarantee of reliability is critical to the success of the transfer of

information from one end of the connection to the other. However, other forms of


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communication don't require such strict standards. In fact, they may be slowed down by the

extra overhead or the reliable connection may invalidate the service altogether.

Consider, for example, a clock server that sends the current time to its client when requested to

do so. If the client misses a packet, it doesn't really make sense to resend it because the time

will be incorrect when the client receives it on the second try. If the client makes two requests

and receives packets from the server out of order, it doesn't really matter because the client

can figure out that the packets are out of order and make another request. The reliability of

TCP is unnecessary in this instance because it causes performance degradation and may hinder

the usefulness of the service.

Another example of a service that doesn't need the guarantee of a reliable channel is the ping

command. The purpose of the ping command is to test the communication between two

programs over the network. In fact, ping needs to know about dropped or out-of-order packets

to determine how good or bad the connection is. A reliable channel would invalidate this

service altogether.

The UDP protocol provides for communication that is not guaranteed between two applications

on the network. UDP is not connection-based like TCP. Rather, it sends independent packets of

data from one application to another. Sending datagram is much like sending a letter through

the mail service: The order of delivery is not important and is not guaranteed, and each

message is independent of any others.


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Note: Many firewalls and routers have been configured not to allow UDP packets. If you're having

trouble connecting to a service outside your firewall, or if clients are having trouble connecting to your

service, ask your system administrator if UDP is permitted.

Understanding Ports

Generally speaking, a computer has a single physical connection to the network. All data destined for a

particular computer arrives through that connection. However, the data may be intended for different

applications running on the computer. So how does the computer know to which application to forward

the data? Through the use of ports.

Data transmitted over the Internet is accompanied by addressing information that identifies the

computer and the port for which it is destined. The computer is identified by its 32-bit IP

address, which IP uses to deliver data to the right computer on the network. Ports are identified

by a 16-bit number, which TCP and UDP use to deliver the data to the right application.

In connection-based communication such as TCP, a server application binds a socket to a

specific port number. This has the effect of registering the server with the system to receive all

data destined for that port. A client can then rendezvous with the server at the server's port, as

illustrated here:

Definition: The TCP and UDP protocols use ports to map incoming data to a particular process running

on a computer.


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In datagram-based communication such as UDP, the datagram packet contains the port number

of its destination and UDP routes the packet to the appropriate application, as illustrated in this

figure:

Port numbers range from 0 to 65,535 because ports are represented by 16-bit numbers. The port

numbers ranging from 0 - 1023 are restricted; they are reserved for use by well-known services such as

HTTP and FTP and other system services. These ports are called well-known ports. Your applications

should not attempt to bind to them.

Networking Classes in the JDK

Through the classes injava.net, Java programs can use TCP or UDP to communicate over the Internet.

The URL, URL Connection, Socket, and Server Socket classes all use TCP to communicate over the

network. The Datagram Packet, Datagram Socket, and Multicast Socket classes are for use with

UDP.

What Is a URL?

If you've been surfing the Web, you have undoubtedly heard the term URL and have used URLs

to access HTML pages from the Web.


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It's often easiest, although not entirely accurate, to think of a URL as the name of a file on the

World Wide Web because most URLs refer to a file on some machine on the network. However,

remember that URLs also can point to other resources on the network, such as database

queries and command output.

Definition: URL is an acronym for Uniform Resource Locatorand is a reference (an address) to a

resource on the Internet.

The following is an example of a URL which addresses the Java Web site hosted by Sun

Microsystems:

As in the previous diagram, a URL has two main components:

y Protocol identifiery Resource name

Note that the protocol identifier and the resource name are separated by a colon and two

forward slashes. The protocol identifier indicates the name of the protocol to be used to fetch

the resource. The example uses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is typically used

to serve up hypertext documents. HTTP is just one of many different protocols used to access

different types of resources on the net. Other protocols include File Transfer Protocol (FTP),

Gopher, File, and News.


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The resource name is the complete address to the resource. The format of the resource name

depends entirely on the protocol used, but for many protocols, including HTTP, the resource

name contains one or more of the components listed in the following table:

Host NameThe name of the machine on which the resource lives.

FilenameThe pathname to the file on the machine.

Port NumberThe port number to which to connect (typically optional).

Reference A reference to a named anchor within a resource that usually

identifies a specific location within a file (typically optional).

For many protocols, the host name and the filename are required, while the port number and

reference are optional. For example, the resource name for an HTTP URL must specify a server

on the network (Host Name) and the path to the document on that machine (Filename); it also

can specify a port number and a reference. In the URL for the Java Web site java.sun.com is the

host name and the trailing slash is shorthand for the file named /index.html.

Sequence of socket calls for connection-oriented protocol:

System Calls

Socket - create a descriptor for use in network communication. On success, socket system call returns a

small integer value similar to a file descriptor Name.

Bind- Binda local IP address andprotocol port to a socket


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When a socket is created it does not have any notion of endpoint address. An application calls bind to

specify the local; endpoint address in a socket. For TCP/IP protocols, the endpoint address uses the

socket address in structure. Servers use bind to specify the well-known port at which they will await

connections.

Connect - connect to remote client

After creating a socket, a client calls connect to establish an actual connection to a remote server. An

argument to connect allows the client to specify the remote endpoint, which include the remote

machines IP address and protocols port number. Once a connection has been made, a client can transfer

data across it.

Accept () - accept the next incoming connection

Accept creates a new socket for each new connection request and returns the descriptor of the new

socket to its caller. The server uses the new socket only for the new connections it uses the original

socket to accept additional connection requests once it has accepted connection, the server can transfer

data on the new socket.

Return Value:

This system-call returns up to three values

An integer returns code that is either an error indication or a new socket description

The address of the client process

The size of this address


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Listen - place the socket in passive mode and set the number of incoming TCP connections the system

will en-queue. Backlog - specifies how many connections requests can be queued by the system while it

wants for the server to execute the accept system call it us usually executed after both the socket and

bind system calls, and immediately before the accept system call.

Send , send to, recv and recvfrom system calls

These system calls are similar to the standard read and write system calls, but additional arguments are

requested.

Close - terminate communication and de-allocate a descriptor. The normal UNIX close system call is also

used to close a socket.


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Testing

Testing ConceptsTesting Methodologies:

Black box Testing: White box Testing. Gray Box Testing.

Levels Of Testing:

Unit Testing. Module Testing. Integration Testing. System Testing. User Acceptance Testing.

Types of Testing:

Smoke Testing. Sanitary Testing. Regression Testing. Re-Testing. Static Testing. Dynamic Testing.


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Alpha-Testing. Beta-Testing. Monkey Testing. Compatibility Testing. Installation Testing. Adhoc Testing.

TCD (Test Case Documentation)

STLC

Test Planning. Test Development. Test Execution. Result Analysis. Bug-Tracing. Reporting.

Microsoft Windows Standards

Manual Testing

Automation Testing (Tools)

Win Runner. Test Director.


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Testing:

y The process of executing a system with the intent of finding an error.y

Testing is defined as the process in which defects are identified, isolated, subjected forrectification and ensured that product is defect free in order to produce the quality

product and hence customer satisfaction.

y Quality is defined as justification of the requirementsy Defect is nothing but deviation from the requirementsy Defect is nothing but bug.y Testing --- The presence of bugsy Testing can demonstrate the presence of bugs, but not their absencey Debugging and Testing are not the same thing!y Testing is a systematic attempt to break a program or the AUTy Debugging is the art or method of uncovering why the script /program did not execute

properly.

Testing Methodologies:

y Black box Testing: is the testing process in which tester can perform testing on anapplication without having any internal structural knowledge of application.

Usually Test Engineers are involved in the black box testing.

y White box Testing: is the testing process in which tester can perform testing on anapplication with having internal structural knowledge.

Usually The Developers are involved in white box testing.


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y Gray Box Testing: is the process in which the combination of black box and white boxtonics are used.

Levels of Testing:

Module1 Module2 Module3

Units Units Units

i/p Integra

tion o/p i/p Integra

tion o/p

System Testing: Presentation + business +Databases

bUAT: useracceptance testing


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STLC (SOFTWARE TESTING LIFE CYCLE)

Test Planning:

1. Test Plan is defined as a strategic document which describes the procedure how to perform

various testing on the total application in the most efficient way.

2. This document involves the scope of testing,

3. Objective of testing,

4. Areas that need to be tested,

5. Areas that should not be tested,

6. Scheduling Resource Planning,

7. Areas to be automated, various testing toolsused.

Test Development:

1. Test case Development (check list)

2. Test Procedure preparation. (Description of the Test cases).

1. Implementation of test cases. Observing the result.


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Result Analysis :

1. Expected value : is nothing but expected behavior of application.

2. Actual value : is nothing but actual behavior of application

Bug Tracing :

Collect all the failed cases, prepare documents.

Reporting :

Prepare document (status of the application)

Types Of Testing:

c>Smoke Testing: is the process of initial testing in which tester looks for the availability of all

the functionality of the application in order to perform detailed testing on them. (Main check is

for available forms)

c>Sanity Testing: is a type of testing that is conducted on an application initially to check for

the proper behavior of an application that is to check all the functionality are available before

the detailed testing is conducted by on them.


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c>Regression Testing: is one of the best and important testing. Regression testing is the

process in which the functionality, which is already tested before, is once again tested

whenever some new change is added in order to check whether the existing functionality

remains same.

c>Re-Testing: is the process in which testing is performed on some functionality which is

already tested before to make sure that the defects are reproducible and to rule out the

environments issues if at all any defects are there.

cStatic Testing: is the testing, which is performed on an application when it is not been

executed.ex: GUI, Document Testing

cDynamic Testing: is the testing which is performed on an application when it is being

executed.ex: Functional testing.

cAlpha Testing: it is a type of user acceptance testing, which is conducted on an application

when it is just before released to the customer.

c Beta-Testing: it is a type of UAT that is conducted on an application when it is released to

the customer, when deployed in to the real time environment and being accessed by the real

time users.


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cMonkey Testing: is the process in which abnormal operations, beyond capacity operations

are done on the application to check the stability of it in spite of the users abnormal behavior.

cCompatibility testing: it is the testing process in which usually the products are tested on the

environments with different combinations of databases (application servers, browsersetc) In

order to check how far the product is compatible with all these environments platform

combination.

cInstallation Testing: it is the process of testing in which the tester try to install or try to

deploy the module into the corresponding environment by following the guidelines produced in

the deployment document and check whether the installation is successful or not.

cAdhoc Testing: Adhoc Testing is the process of testing in which unlike the formal testing

where in test case document is used, with out that test case document testing can be done of

an application, to cover that testing of the future which are not covered in that test case

document. Also it is intended to perform GUI testing which may involve the cosmotic issues.

TCD (Test Case Document):

Test Case Document Contains

y Test Scope (or) Test objectivey Test Scenarioy Test Procedurey Test case


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This is the sample test case document for the Case Investigate details of Client project:

Test scope :

y Test coverage is provided for the screen Login check form of a Administrationmodule of Forensic Manager application

y Areas of the application to be tested

Test Scenario :

y When the office personals use this screen for the data entry, adding sections, courts,grades and Case Registration information on s basis and quit the form.

Test Procedure :

y The procedure for testing this screen is planned in such a way that the data entry, statuscalculation functionality, saving and quitting operations are tested in terms of GUI

testing, Positive testing, Negative testing using the corresponding GUI test cases,

Positive test cases, Negative test cases respectively


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Test Cases :

y Template for Test Case

T.C.No Description Exp Act Result

Guidelines for Test Cases:

1. GUI Test Cases:

y Total no of features that need to be checky Look & Feely Look for Default values if at all any (date & Time, if at all any require)y Look for spell check

Example for Gui Test cases:


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T.C.No Description Expected

value

Actual value Result

1

Check for all the

features in the scree

The screen

must

contain all

the feature

2

Check for the

alignment of the

objects as per the

validations

The

alignment

should be i

proper way

2. Positive Test Cases:

y The positive flow of the functionality must be consideredy Valid inputs must be used for testingy Must have the positive perception to verify whether the requirements are justified.


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3. Positive Test Cases:

yThe positive flow of the functionality must be considered

y Valid inputs must be used for testingy Must have the positive perception to verify whether the requirements are justified.

Example for Positive Test cases:

T.C.No Description Expected value Actual value Result

1 Input UserNam

and Password

Redirect t

HomePage

Redirect to Hom

Page

Redirect to Hom

Page

2

4. Negative Test Cases:

y Must have negative perception.y Invalid inputs must be used for test.


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Example for Negative Test cases:

T.C.No Description Expected value Actual value Result

1 Input usernam

and password

Login Page Login Page Login Page

2


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Screen Shots

Client 1:


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Server Started at Another host :


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Achieve Connections :


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Connect To Server :


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File Transfer :


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Configuration :


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Info about Remote Desktop Product :


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Server Widow in Client-1 :


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Exit :


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Future Enhancements

It is not possible to develop a system that makes all the requirements of the user. User

requirements keep changing as the system is being used. Some of the future enhancements

that can be done to this system are:

y As the technology emerges, it is possible to upgrade the system and can be adaptable todesired environment.

y Because it is based on object-oriented design, any further changes can be easilyadaptable.

y Based on the future security issues, security can be improved using emergingtechnologies.

y Case Registration module can be added


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BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT

Our project has got several benefits, some of these are:

1) Our project provides a sophisticated interface for systemadministrators to monitor and control the systems within the

intranet.

2) The project has been developed in JAVA which provides portabilityand provides a better security mechanism from unauthorized access.

3) The Graphical User Interface helps in easy connecting and monitoringof the remote system, which makes the application more likely to be

used.


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CONCLUSION

The tasks which were assigned to us are working properly according to the

requirements. The procedures are working properly used for the project.

The project is basically a computerized version of Remote Desktop for

administrators who want to monitor and control remote systems. Our application

provides these facilities in a more convenient and easier way.


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BIBLIOGRAPHY

References:

i. Java Complete Reference by Herbert Schildt.ii. Java Reference Library by O Reilly and Flanagan.

iii. Java RMI - OReilly.iv. Java and XML by Brett Mc Laughlin.v. Wikipedia, URL: http://www.wikipedia.org.vi.

Answers.com, URL: http://www.answers.com.

vii. Google, URL: http://www.google.com.viii. http://www.startwright.com/project.htm.

ix. http://it.toolbLox.com/wiki/index.php/WareHouseManagement .x. http://www.sun.com.

Date post:	07-Apr-2018
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