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Remote Sensing for Management of Transboundary Aquifers in Africa Remote Sensing for Management of Transboundary Aquifers in Africa More Information: www2.gaf.de/aquifer Email: [email protected] AQUIFER Team, 26.04.2007 Users: Agence Nationale des Ressources Hydrauliques (Algeria) General Water Authority (Libya) Ministère des Mines, de l'Energie et de l'Eau (Mali) Ministère de l'Hydraulique de l'Environnement et de la Lutte Contre la Désertification (Niger) Federal Ministry of Water Resources (Nigeria) Direction Générale des Ressources en Eaux (Tunisia) African Partner Institutions : Libyan Center For Remote Sensing and Space Science (Libya) Centre National des Techniques Spatiales (Algeria) Centre National de Télédétection (Tunisia) AGRHYMET Regional Centre (Niamey - Niger) European Consortium Partners: Joanneum Research (Austria) SCOT CS (France) Telespazio SpA (Italy) University of Jena (Germany) Vista GmbH (Germany) AQUIFER - Partnership Project Framework: Initiation / Funding: Prime Contractor: User Coordinator: In association with Sahara and Sahel Observatory (OSS) European Space Agency (ESA) GAF AG ESA TIGER Initiative Sahara and Sahel Observatory (OSS) Results The Role of Earth Observation in Groundwater management AQUIFER – Key Objectives Products 1. Land-use/cover maps and monitoring (SAI-SASS) Mapping of irrigated areas – input to estimate of crop water demand Development of agricultural and pastoral areas Desertification monitoring Location and development of wetlands (SAI) Soil deterioration monitoring and recharge conditions 3. Crop water demand of irrigated areas (SASS) Estimate of the crop water demand under optimum conditions Analysis and comparison with water abstractions Input for the consultation mechanism of a transboundary aquifer 5. Digital Elevation Models (SAI-SASS) Input to ground water modeling Delimitations of water sheds and catchment basins - analysis of recharge areas Mapping of flow accumulation for drainage water and local depressions 8. Subsidence mapping and monitoring vs water abstraction (Oued Rhir - Algeria) Risk assessment and mapping Analysis of land subsidence as effect of water abstraction 2. Refined land use mapping (Tunisia) Improved mapping with use of AquiferEx airborne radar and hyperspectral data 7. Water balance: actual evapotranspiration and precipitation (SAI-SASS) Meteosat derived water balance, precipitation and actual evapotranspiration 6. Basin wide water and vegetation monitoring (SAI-SASS) Mapping & monitoring of wetlands - mares - desertification Promotion of transboundary transparency and technical consultation Input for treaty monitoring / verification Use Earth observation based technology to help in management of internationally shared aquifers Support national user organisations responsible for water resources Develop and demonstrate products responding to the needs of users September 2004 Mid of 2007 Requirements Consolidation Design / Prototyping and Preliminary Validation / Training & Promotion Production, Validation & Integration / Operational Use & Assessment / Training & Promotion SASS: Système d’Aquiferes du Sahara Septentrional Groundwater resource and freshwater reservoir Covers well over 1.000.000 km² Underlies parts of Algeria, Libya and Tunisia SAI: Système d’Aquifer d’Iullemeden One of the major freshwater reservoirs of West Africa Covers an area of 525.000 km² Located in Mali, Niger and Nigeria Main Issues Largely over exploited (SASS) Deterioration of water quality Change in water levels, loss of water resources Climatic change with reduced precipitation 4. Surface water extension and dynamics (SAI) Mapping & monitoring of wetlands and ponds as recharge areas and surface water resource Monitoring of interannual and intraannual developments Assets Caveats Areawide and cost efficient mapping /monitoring Truly transboundary in nature Objective measurements Provides uniform spatial frame to correlate/extrapolate isolated field-data Cloud penetrating – all weather Multipurpose – data sets of use for many simultaneous applications On-site cooperation, support and training to local providers and user organisations through: A) Local Provider Training Joint design, development and generation of products B) Training for End Users Application and use of the products and its limitations Preparation of manuals and documentation C) Joint Performance of Ground Truth Perform calibration and verification of results D) Joint workshops and meetings Experts in remote sensing, GIS and water resources are involved for 12 person-months on-site. Integrate Aquifer products within users working context and procedures Train users in use, application and limitations of remote sensing based information Perform know-how transfer and cooperation with national remote sensing agencies Satellite remote sensing is confined to the land surface : - Optical sensors: measurement of reflectance of surface features - Radar and thermal sensors have limited depth penetration in the range of cm to few metres maximum. Valuable Proxies : Earth observation can provide useful indirect information which is linked to ground water resources management; so irrigated acreage can be translated into crop water demand which in turn can help in estimating ground water abstraction. Other examples become evident from the Aquifer product suite. EO works not stand-alone but in synergy : This happens in 2 hierarchy levels: - Single: to turn EO data into useful single information layers the integration and assimilation with ancillary data and models is essential - Complex: Decision making in ground water management relies on a multitude of information layers and their integration and synopsis in comprehensive business- and value adding processes by means of models and GIS technology. Know-how Transfer Earth observation data service More than 1000 earth observation data sets are acquired for both basins: - offering compete coverage according to the following criteria: multisensor: optical (e.g. NigeriaSat, Alsat, Landsat, IRS), radar data (ESA ERS/Envisat) multitemporal multispectral-hyperspectral (e.g. AVIS-AquiferEx) high resolution - low revisit to low resolution - high repeat multiplatform: satellite as well as airborne data (AquiferEx) Data serve for product generation and are distributed to project partners for future use. In the last decades space-borne technology has proved itself a reliable and advanced source of information for water resources management: Ground truth required for calibration, consolidation and validation Data assimilation required - combination with ancillary data / GIS / models Project Areas (Algeria, Libya, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Tunisia) Project Frame: Tiger Initiative - Data User Element (DUE): long-term relationship between user communities and Earth Observation Significant Subsidence Feature to the South – East of El Alia. Subsidence 1992 – 2000 (range- green: subsidence < 1mm/yr to red: 10-20 mm/yr, transparent represent no-data areas) over EarthSat image
Transcript
Page 1: Remote Sensing for Management ransboundary Aquifers i ... · Analysis and comparison with water abstractions ... Other examples become evident from the Aquifer product suite. ...

Remote Sensing forManagement of Transboundary Aquifers in Africa

Remote Sensing forManagement of Transboundary Aquifers in Africa

More Information: www2.gaf.de/aquifer Email: [email protected] Team, 26.04.2007

Users:Agence Nationale des Ressources Hydrauliques (Algeria)

General Water Authority (Libya)

Ministère des Mines, de l'Energie et de l'Eau (Mali)

Ministère de l'Hydraulique de l'Environnement et de la Lutte Contre la Désertification (Niger)

Federal Ministry of Water Resources (Nigeria)

Direction Générale des Ressources en Eaux (Tunisia)

African Partner Institutions :

Libyan Center For Remote Sensing and Space Science (Libya)

Centre National des Techniques Spatiales (Algeria)

Centre National de Télédétection (Tunisia)

AGRHYMET Regional Centre (Niamey - Niger)

European Consortium Partners:Joanneum Research (Austria)

SCOT CS (France)

Telespazio SpA (Italy)

University of Jena (Germany)

Vista GmbH (Germany)

AQUIFER - Partnership

Project Framework:

Initiation / Funding:

Prime Contractor:

User Coordinator:

In association withSahara and Sahel Observatory (OSS)

European Space Agency (ESA)

GAF AG

ESA TIGER Initiative

Sahara and Sahel Observatory (OSS)

Results

The Role of Earth Observation in Groundwater management

AQUIFER – Key Objectives

Products

1. Land-use/cover maps and monitoring (SAI-SASS) Mapping of irrigated areas – input to estimate of

crop water demand Development of agricultural and pastoral areas Desertification monitoring Location and development of wetlands (SAI) Soil deterioration monitoring and recharge conditions

3. Crop water demand of irrigated areas (SASS) Estimate of the crop water demand under optimum

conditions Analysis and comparison with water abstractions Input for the consultation mechanism of a transboundary

aquifer

5. Digital Elevation Models (SAI-SASS) Input to ground water modeling Delimitations of water sheds and catchment basins - analysis of

recharge areas Mapping of flow accumulation for drainage water and local

depressions

8. Subsidence mapping and monitoring vs water abstraction (Oued Rhir - Algeria) Risk assessment and mapping Analysis of land subsidence as effect of water abstraction

2. Refined land use mapping (Tunisia) Improved mapping with use of AquiferEx airborne

radar and hyperspectral data

7. Water balance: actual evapotranspiration and precipitation (SAI-SASS) Meteosat derived water balance, precipitation and actual

evapotranspiration

6. Basin wide water and vegetation monitoring (SAI-SASS) Mapping & monitoring of wetlands - mares - desertification Promotion of transboundary transparency and technical

consultation Input for treaty monitoring / verification

• Use Earth observation based technology to help in management of internationally shared aquifers • Support national user organisations responsible for water resources • Develop and demonstrate products responding to the needs of users

September 2004 Mid of 2007Requirements Consolidation Design / Prototyping and Preliminary Validation / Training & Promotion Production, Validation & Integration / Operational Use & Assessment / Training & Promotion

SASS: Système d’Aquiferes du Sahara Septentrional• Groundwater resource and freshwater reservoir • Covers well over 1.000.000 km²• Underlies parts of Algeria, Libya and Tunisia

SAI: Système d’Aquifer d’Iullemeden• One of the major freshwater reservoirs of West Africa• Covers an area of 525.000 km²• Located in Mali, Niger and Nigeria

Main IssuesLargely over exploited (SASS)Deterioration of water quality

Change in water levels, loss of water resourcesClimatic change with reduced precipitation

4. Surface water extension and dynamics (SAI) Mapping & monitoring of wetlands and ponds as recharge

areas and surface water resource Monitoring of interannual and intraannual developments

Assets Caveats• Areawide and cost efficient mapping /monitoring • Truly transboundary in nature• Objective measurements• Provides uniform spatial frame to correlate/extrapolate isolated field-data• Cloud penetrating – all weather• Multipurpose – data sets of use for many simultaneous applications

On-site cooperation, support and training to local providers and user organisations through:A) Local Provider TrainingJoint design, development and generation of products B) Training for End UsersApplication and use of the products and its limitations Preparation of manuals and documentation C) Joint Performance of Ground TruthPerform calibration and verification of resultsD) Joint workshops and meetingsExperts in remote sensing, GIS and water resources are involved for 12 person-months on-site.

• Integrate Aquifer products within users working context and procedures• Train users in use, application and limitations of remote sensing based information• Perform know-how transfer and cooperation with national remote sensing agencies

• Satellite remote sensing is confined to the land surface:- Optical sensors: measurement of reflectance of surface features- Radar and thermal sensors have limited depth penetration in the range of cm to few metres maximum.

• Valuable Proxies: Earth observation can provide useful indirect information which is linked to ground water resources management; so irrigated acreage can be translated into crop water demand which in turn can help in estimating ground water abstraction. Other examples become evident from the Aquifer product suite.

• EO works not stand-alone but in synergy: This happens in 2 hierarchy levels:- Single: to turn EO data into useful single information layers the integration and assimilation with ancillary data and models is essential- Complex: Decision making in ground water management relies on a multitude of information layers and their integration and synopsis in comprehensive business- and value adding processes by means of models and GIS technology.

Know-how Transfer

Earth observation data serviceMore than 1000 earth observation data sets are acquired for both basins:- offering compete coverage according to the following criteria: multisensor: optical (e.g. NigeriaSat, Alsat, Landsat, IRS),

radar data (ESA ERS/Envisat) multitemporal multispectral-hyperspectral (e.g. AVIS-AquiferEx) high resolution - low revisit to low resolution - high repeat multiplatform: satellite as well as airborne data (AquiferEx) Data serve for product generation and are distributed to project partners for future use.

In the last decades space-borne technology has proved itself a reliable and advanced source of information for water resources management:

• Ground truth required for calibration, consolidation and validation• Data assimilation required - combination with ancillary data / GIS / models

Project Areas (Algeria, Libya, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Tunisia)

Project Frame: Tiger Initiative - Data User Element (DUE): long-term relationship between user communities and Earth Observation

Significant Subsidence Feature to the South – East of El Alia. Subsidence 1992 – 2000 (range- green: subsidence < 1mm/yr to red: 10-20 mm/yr, transparent represent no-data areas) over EarthSat image

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