Renaissance Art

New Techniques Single point Perspective

Use of Lines moving toward a single point to give the image of depth

FrescoPaining in wet plaster

Oil PaintingStarted in the North, later spread to Italy- allowed more complex color mixing

GlazingAdding thin layers of paint to add depth

ChiaroscuroUse of light and shade to create an illusion of depth in a painting

The Italian Renaissance

Started in Florence, though all regions produced some art. Reached height during late 1400’s, early 500’s Rejected art and artists of the Middle Ages as being backwards. Experimented with new styles and techniques

Michelangelo

1475-1564Well known for his art, and notorious for his temperLived and crafted for the glory of Florence

The Sistene Chapel

Michelangelo was commissioned to repaint the ceiling by Pope Julius II in 1408Later painted “the Last Judgement” over the altar

                                                                                    

                                  

David

Reflects Renaissance view of the glory of human form Emphasized heroism and strength

Leonardo DaVinci

1452-1519True Renaissance Man

Artist, sculptorWeaponsmith, inventor, architectStudy of anatomy Teacher

Mona Lisa

Portrait of a Florentine woman Her expression appears to change, and remains a mystery

The Last Supper

Raphael SantiKind, gentle individual Not egocentric like many other artists of the time Used single point perspective technique

The School of Athens

Linked the modern day with Classic times Painting included modern painters Leonardo and Michelangelo along with Ancient Greeks like Socrates and Plato

Donatello

Well known sculptorPrimarily known for his work in FlorenceOccasionally painted

One of the first painters to experiment with perspective

David

TitianTitian was one of the most versatile of Italian paintersPortraitslandscape backgroundsmythological and religious subjects. His painting methods, particularly in the application and use of color, would exercise a profound influence on painters of the Italian Renaissance

BACCHUS AND ARIADNE

Brunelleschi

Famous ArchitectKnown for the Dome in the Florence CathedralLargest dome in hundreds of years

135 ft. in diam.

The Northern Renaissance The Renaissance in the North of Europe varied from Italy in several ways:

There was little influence or evidence of Classical ideals Architecture and sculpture were not well developed in the North Painting was the art form of choice and the Northern Artists used great detail Primarily used oil paint and used a technique called glazing

Glazing is a style of oil painting that employs the application of thin layers of paint that are transparent. By building up the layers, one can achieve a great deal of depth in a painting and the work also conducts light. Light will pass through the layers, then be reflected back out making the painting very luminous.

Albrecht DurerGerman engraver who worked in Italy Spread Renaissance culture to Germany Sold many engravings upon his return to Germany Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse <<<<<<<<<<<<<<

Hans Holbein German artistPainted lifelike images- almost photograph quality Very popular choice for painting royalty, especially in EnglandHenry VIII <<<<<<<<<<<<

Jan van EyckArtist in Flanders (Flemish)Focused on realism Used new oil paints which allowed him to create a wide variety of colors Using strong colors at the front of the scene, and hazy colors toward the back allowed him to create depth. Arnolfini Wedding Portrait <<<<<<<<<<<<<<

Pieter BruegelFlemish painterPainted everyday scenes- weddings, harvests, dances, changing seasonsRich color and vivid details contributed to the realism of his paintings Peasant Wedding (Top)Harvesters (Bottom)

Literature

Early Renaissance Literature

Dante AlighieriCombined the religious ideals of the Middle Ages with Renaissance secular ideals Popularized vernacular Developed personalities in his characters

Francesco Petrarch

Poet who was fond of Classical works Imitated Classic writers Stressed simplicity and purity

Geoffrey Chaucer

Born in England Canterbury Tales

Described life in England by telling tales through the eyes of 30 characters from different social classesIllustrated social and cultural problems and expectations

Johann Gutenberg

One of the creators of the first printing pressPrinted The Bible – 1455First large book printed w/ moveable type

Thomas More

UtopiaWrote about a perfect society Gov. reflected reason and mercy Corruption, greed and war did not exist.

Desiderius Erasmus

From RotterdamStrongly criticized greedy merchants, priests, scholars and many others. Well respected among royalty

Baldassare CastiglioneThe CourtierOutlined admirable qualities for men and womenMen- educated in Greek and Latin, charming, polite, witty, strong, brave, etc. Women should have many characteristics men had, but shouldn’t seek fame