Renewable Energies in Germany
János Büchner, energiewaechter GmbHConsultant to the Initiative “renewables – made in Germany” of the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi)
Serbian-German Conference & Trade Mission on Geothermal Energy, Belgrade, 25. September 2012
www.renewables-made-in-germany.comwww.exportinitiative.bmwi.de
Content
The Initiative renewables – made in Germany Political developments and framework for REs in Germany Market development of REs in Germany and economic effects Geothermal Energy and Heat Pumps in Germany Presentation of German Company representatives
The Initiative renewables – made in Germany
Goals of the Initiative renewables – made in Germany
Scheme coordinated and financed by the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology
Contribution to global climate protection through support of advanced RE-technologies
Contribution to international knowledge transfer through patents and joint ventures
Support of German SMEs entering foreign RE markets
The Initiative renewables – made in Germany on the Web
www.renewables-made-in-germany.comInfo on upcoming events: Business trips, trade fairs, information trips
for foreign decision makers to Germany
Information on German companies and institutions
Information on actual market developments
www.renewablesb2b.com
Virtual Market Place; B2B platform
RE development in Germany and economic effects
Germany’s Energy Turnaround in 2011
Fukushima led to Germany’s energy turnaround by cabinet decision in June 2011: Nuclear power phase out until 2022…
…while keeping the aim to reduce GHG-emissions until 2020 by 40% and until 2050 by 80% (compared to
1990) Increase share of Renewables to 35% of electricity consumption by 2020, by
2030 to 50%, 2040 to 65%, 2050 to 80% Increase final energy consumption share of REs to 18% in 2020, 45% in 2040
Positive effects Cutting dependency on fuel imports Creation of jobs in a future market / employment in the RE sector
Main Instrument to Promote REs (ELECTRICITY production)
Act on Granting Priority to Renewable Energy Sources (EEG)
Fixed Feed-In tariffs (FITs) over 20 years guaranteed by law for RES system operators
Grid operators are obliged to connect RES systems to the grid and to buy the electricity from the system operators to set prices
Tariffs vary according to the source of energy, e.g. biomass, PV, geothermal energy etc.
Amendments to the EEG at regular intervals in order to adjust the act to current development of markets and (competitiveness of) technologies
Example: FITs for geothermal electricity production increased 2012. Depending on technology up to 23, 25 or even 30 ct/kWh (e.g. petrothermal projects) . Gross production factored (incl. own energy consumption of pumps etc.) FITs for Photovoltaics - in contrast - decreased
Renewable Energies Heat Act (EEWärmeG) Minimum share of heating energy supply from REs for new buildings
usually obligatory Obligations depending on the technology/ies used (e.g. biomass and
heat pumps: 50%, solar thermal 15%)
Market Incentive Program for Renewable Energies (Marktanreizprogramm / Federal Environment Ministry) Financial contributions / beneficial loans for certain REs investments
Loans by KfW Bankengruppe (KfW Group) - National business development bank: subsidised loans for energy-efficient housing and RES
Main Instruments to Promote REs (HEAT production)
Germany’s Energy Turnaround today
Act on Granting Priority to Renewable Energy Sources remains major instrument to boost Res
Challenges:
R&D promotion for energy storage technologies Increase of energy saving and efficiency Speed-up grid expansion
Development of RES in Germany-
some figures
Renewable Energy Sources Shares of Total Final Energy Consumption in Germany 2011
Source: Development of renewable energy sources in Germany 2011 provided by BMWi
Share of Renewables in Energy Consumption 1998-2011 ELECTRICITY 2011 roughly 20% but some 50% of energy consumption through HEAT production
Credits: German Renewable Energies Agency
Energy Use of PRIVATE Households in Germany According to Area of Application
Space heating71,6%
Hot water13,3%
Other process heat5,5%
Ambient cooling0,0%
Process cooling3,9%
Mechanical energy0,7%
ITC3,4%
Lighting1,7%
Source: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen provided by BMWi
1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
Development of RES Share in Reference to Heat Production
Source: Federal Ministry of Environment 2012
Structure of Renewable-based Heat Supply in Germany 2011
Source: Development of renewable energy sources in Germany 2011 provided by BMWi
Federal Government‘s Targets
Almost 1/3 of the GHG-emissions are due to buildings
2011 4,3 % of the national heat consumption was supplied by shallow geothermal energy.
Heat supply share of REs planned to reach 14% by 2020
Potential: 261 bl. kWh, actually 6 bl. kWh installed.
Forecast: 2015 almost 1 m, and 2020 1.8 m heat pumps installed
Picture: Bundesverband Wärmepumpe
Some figures: private households consume 30% of final energy consumption. Almost 90% used for heating purposes.
Near-surface Geothermal Energy Utilities for Heat Allocation in Germany (5.900 GWh)
Source: Development of renewable energy sources in Germany 2011 provided by BMWi
Benefits of RE promotion
Renewables in Germany: Growth of Total Employment, 2004-2010
Jobs in the renewable energy sources sector in Germany
3,400
9,500
56,800
63,900
4,500
8,100
119,500
85,700
6,500
14,500
7,800
102,100
7,500
13,300
7,600
120,900
122,000
96,100
1,800
25,100
10,300
49,20080,600
128,000
0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000
Geothermal energy
Hydropower
Solar energy
Biomass
Wind energy
Increase: approx. 129 %
Figures for 2009 and 2010 are provisional estimate; deviations in totals are due to rounding;Source: O’Sullivan/Edler/van Mark/Nieder/Lehr: "Bruttobeschäftigung durch erneuerbare Energien im Jahr 20010 – eine erste Abschätzung", as at: March 2011; interim report of research project „Kurz-
und langfristige Auswirkungen des Ausbaus erneuerbarer Energien auf den deutschen Arbeitsmarkt“; image: BMU / Christoph Busse / transit
Publicly funded research /
administration 2004 2007 2009 2010
160,500 jobs
277,300jobs
367,400 jobs
339,500jobs
Renewable Energies in the Hands of the People (example ELECTRICITY production)
Credits: German Renewable Energies Agency, 2012
Meet the representatives of German companies!
German Companies
AP Sensing GmbH Enhanced Geothermal Response Test (EGRT) – Systems for determining
thermal soil parameters (thermal conductivity, borehole resistivity) Contact: Mr. Clemens Pohl
360plus Consult GmbH Consulting, planning, delivery of required authorizations. Partner in all project
stages in the search for energy sources Contact: Dr. Wolfgang Bauer
German Companies
Geothermeon AG Geothermal project developer: prospection, exploration
and development of geothermal energy resources Contact: Mr. Ralph Weidler
Soundcore GmbH sonic rigs, HF technology Contact: Mr. Paul Eisenkolb
German Companies
Geothermie Neubrandenburg GmbH Engineering & geo technical expertise and solutions for
geothermal projects Contact: Dr. Peter Seibt
Perforator GmbH Drill pipes, drilling equipment and tools Contact: Mr. Wolfgang Waide
Many thanks for your attention!
Have a fruitful event day!
Contact:János Büchner, energiewaechter GmbH
E-Mail: [email protected]