Role and importance of Non-Conventional Energy

Energy• The energy of a body is its capacity to do work.

Types of energy

• Conventional Energy • Non Conventional Energy (Renewable energy)

Sources of non-conventional energy

Solar Energy Wind Energy Geothermal Energy Bio mass Hydro Energy

• Energy from the sun is called solar energy.

• The Sun’s energy comes from nuclear fusion reaction that takes place deep in the sun

Solar Energy (photovoltaic)

SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS

SIGNIFICANCE

Solar cells noise and pollution free.It can be used in remote and isolated area forests , hilly regions.

Uses and Usage solar Energy

Wind energy

• The absorption of solar energy on the earth’s surface and in the atmosphere.

• The rotation of the earth about its axis and its motion around the sun

Types of Wind Mill• Horizontal Wind mills

• Vertical Wind Mills

Wind Farms

Average Wind Speed km/h (mph) Suitability

Up to 15 (9.5) No good

18 (11.25) Poor

22 (13.75) Moderate

25 (15.5) Good

29 (18) Excellent

Geothermal Energy

Worldwide, geothermal plants have the capacity to generate about 10 GW as of 2010, and in practice generate 0.6% of global electricity demand. An additional 28 GW of direct geothermal heating capacity is installed for district heating, space heating, spas, industrial processes, desalination and agricultural applications.

Generating of Geothermal Energy

Generating power using high temp & pressure steam below the Earth surface.

This temp varies from 25 to 500c per KM

Types:

Natural geysersArtificial geysers

NATURAL GEYSERS: In some place, the hot water comes out of the ground through cracks naturally in the form of natural geysers.

ARTIFICIAL GEYSERS:

In some place we can drill a hole up to the hot region and through pipes we can transfer the hot steam.

Pumping Method

Plants use photosynthesis to grow and produce biomass. Also known as bio matter, biomass can be used directly as fuel or to produce liquid bio fuel

Information on pump, California. Liquid bio fuel is usually either a bio alcohol such as ethanol or a bio-oil such as biodiesel and straight vegetable oil. Biodiesel can be used in modern diesel vehicles with little or no modification to the engine and can be made from waste and virgin vegetable and animal oil and fats (lipids).

WHAT IS BIO MASS

PRODUCE

TYPES:

USING BIOGAS Wood , seed, cattle

dung, agricultural waste etc.USING BIOFUEL

ethanol , methanol, gasohol etc.

The higher heating value of cellulose is about 17.4 MJ/kg [1]. The estimated yield of ethanol from dry cellulose is about 0.2 kg of ethanol per kg of cellulose [2] (60 gal/ton). Since the higher heating value of ethanol is 29.7 MJ/kg of ethanol it would be 5.94 MJ/kg of the cellulose

Hydropower

• Energy in water can be used and it is called as hydro-power

• Since water is about 800 times denser than air .even a slow flowing stream of water, or moderate sea swell, can yield considerable amounts of energy.

Hydropower Micro hydro systems produce electric power up to

100 kW

Wave Energy Wave power uses the energy in waves The waves will usually make large

pontoons go up and down in the water

Tidal Energy Tidal power captures energy from the tides in a

vertical direction Around low tide, the water in the basin is

discharged through a turbine Tidal stream power captures energy from the flow

of tides, usually using underwater plant

Ocean thermal energy

• uses the temperature difference between the warmer surface of the ocean and the colder lower recesses

• it employs a cyclic heat engine.

• OTEC has not been field-tested on a large scale.

Slide Presented

by

T.Ashok Kumar

L.Vel Murugan