Renewable Energy Projections as Published in the National

Renewable Energy Projectionsas Published in the National

Renewable Energy Action Plansof the European Member States

Covering all 27 EU Member States

L.W.M. BeurskensM. Hekkenberg

ECN-E--10-069 1 February 2011

AcknowledgementThis report has been written with financial support from the European Environment Agency(EEA). The EEA project manager was David Owain Clubb.

The authors acknowledge the following persons for their assistance in compiling this report:Heather Haydock (AEA) and Tjaša Bole, Bernard Bulder, Joost Gerdes, Manuela Loos, LindaPronk, Hilke Rösler, Cees Volkers, Adriaan van der Welle and Remko Ybema (all from ECN).

Several users of the data report and the database have reported problems in earlier versions ofthis work. All known issues have been corrected in the current report and in the database. Theauthors express their gratitude to all contributors.

The ECN number of the project resulting in this report is 6.00289. The authors can be contactedfor enquiries, corrections or other remarks at [email protected].

This document has been typeset in LATEX (http://www.latex-project.org).

DisclaimerThis report has been compiled with great care. However, since the underlying NREAP documentshave originally been published in the language of the respective Member State subtleties mighthave been lost in the process. Moreover, the data have been entered into the database manually:although checked, it is possible that typing errors have occurred. The original NREAP documentsremain the authentic versions. The Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) and theEuropean Environment Agency (EEA) cannot assure any responsibility for any remaining errors,if and when applicable, of the data in the this report and in the underlying database.

AbstractThis report presents an overview of all data that have been published in the National RenewableEnergy Action Plans (NREAPs). In this version of the document (dated 1 February 2011) all27 European Union Member States have been covered. The countries considered are: Austria,Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland,Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

The report highlights a set of cross-sections of the database that has been compiled from theNREAP documents. The underlying database and the figures from the report are publicly avail-able at http://www.ecn.nl/nreap. Moreover a separate executive summary is available from thislocation.

KeywordsNational Renewable Energy Action Plans (NREAPs), renewable energy in the European Union

Scanning the two-dimensional barcode (QR) at the left with a cam-era phone equipped with appropriate software will open the URLhttp://www.ecn.nl/nreap, which redirects to the ECN Policy Studiesproject pages (http://www.ecn.nl/units/ps/themes/renewable-energy/projects/nreap). From this location the report, the database and theimage files are available for download.

2 ECN-E--10-069

mailto:[email protected]

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http://www.ecn.nl/nreap


http://www.ecn.nl/units/ps/themes/renewable-energy/projects/nreap

http://www.ecn.nl/units/ps/themes/renewable-energy/projects/nreap

Contents

Summary 15

All renewable energy sources (RES) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Gross final energy consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

The share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Detailed information from RES-specific projections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Derived data in this report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

1 Introduction 27

1.1 Target audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

1.2 Limitations of this work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

1.3 Countries considered in this version of the report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

1.4 Primary and secondary data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

1.4.1 Primary data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

1.4.2 Secondary data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

1.5 Technical notes on the database transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

1.5.1 Belgium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

1.5.2 Bulgaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

1.5.3 Czech Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

1.5.4 Denmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

1.5.5 Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

1.5.6 Estonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

1.5.7 Ireland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

1.5.8 Greece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

1.5.9 Spain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

1.5.10 France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

1.5.11 Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

1.5.12 Cyprus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

1.5.13 Latvia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

1.5.14 Lithuania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

1.5.15 Luxembourg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

1.5.16 Hungary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

1.5.17 Malta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

1.5.18 Netherlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

1.5.19 Austria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

1.5.20 Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

1.5.21 Portugal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

1.5.22 Romania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

1.5.23 Slovenia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

ECN-E--10-069 3

1.5.24 Slovakia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

1.5.25 Finland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

1.5.26 Sweden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

1.5.27 United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

1.6 A living document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

1.7 Changes compared to previous versions of the report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

2 Targets and trajectories 39

Gross final energy consumption 49

Renewable aggregate data as reported in NREAP 63

Hydropower 69

Deep geothermal electricity 79

Solar electricity 87

Tidal, wave and ocean energy 97

Wind power 105

Biomass electricity 115

Deep geothermal thermal energy 125

Solar thermal energy 131

Biomass thermal energy 137

Renewable energy from heat pumps 143

Bioethanol / bio-ETBE in transport 149

Biodiesel in transport 155

Hydrogen from renewables in transport 161

Renewable electricity in transport 167

Other biofuels in transport 177

Country Tables 183

Belgium 184

4 ECN-E--10-069

Bulgaria 186

Czech Republic 188

Denmark 190

Germany 192

Estonia 194

Ireland 196

Greece 198

Spain 200

France 202

Italy 204

Cyprus 206

Latvia 208

Lithuania 210

Luxembourg 212

Hungary 214

Malta 216

Netherlands 218

Austria 220

Poland 222

Portugal 224

Romania 226

Slovenia 228

Slovakia 230

Finland 232

ECN-E--10-069 5

Sweden 234

United Kingdom 236

European Union, EU-27 238

Index 240

6 ECN-E--10-069

List of Figures

1 Bias in countries based on population and surface area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2 Renewable energy shares according to Annex I and NREAP documents [%] . . 40

3 Cumulative hydropower electric capacity [GW] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

4 Calculated annual growth for electric capacity from hydropower [%/year] . . . . 71

5 Cumulative hydropower electricity generation [TWh] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

6 Calculated annual growth for electricity generation from hydropower [%/year] . 74

7 Calculated average number of full load hours for hydropower [hrs/year] . . . . . 76

8 Calculated per capita electricity generation for hydropower [kWh/cap] . . . . . 77

9 Calculated per area electricity generation for total hydropower [MWh/km2] . . . 78

10 Cumulative geothermal electric capacity [MW] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

11 Calculated annual growth for capacity of geothermal electricity [%/year] . . . . 81

12 Cumulative geothermal electricity generation [GWh] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

13 Calculated annual growth for generation of geothermal electricity [%/year] . . . 83

14 Calculated average number of full load hours for geothermal electricity [hrs/year] 84

15 Calculated per capita generation of geothermal electricity [kWh/cap] . . . . . . 85

16 Calculated per area generation of geothermal electricity [MWh/km2] . . . . . . 86

17 Cumulative solar electric capacity [GW] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

18 Calculated annual growth for capacity of solar electricity [%/year] . . . . . . . . 89

19 Cumulative solar electricity generation [TWh] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

20 Calculated annual growth for generation from solar electricity [%/year] . . . . . 92

21 Calculated average number of full load hours for solar electricity [hrs/year] . . . 94

22 Calculated per capita generation for solar electricity [kWh/cap] . . . . . . . . . 95

23 Calculated per area generation for total solar electricity [MWh/km2] . . . . . . . 96

24 Tidal, wave and ocean energy electric capacity [MW] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

25 Calculated growth for capacity from tidal, wave and ocean energy [%/year] . . . 99

26 Tidal, wave and ocean energy electricity generation [GWh] . . . . . . . . . . . 100

27 Calculated growth for electricity from tidal, wave and ocean energy [%/year] . . 101

28 Calculated number of full load hours for tidal, wave and ocean energy [hrs/year] 102

29 Calculated per capita electricity from tidal, wave and ocean energy [kWh/cap] . 103

30 Calculated per area electricity from tidal, wave and ocean energy [MWh/km2] . 104

31 Cumulative wind power electric capacity [GW] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

32 Calculated annual growth for electric capacity from wind power [%/year] . . . . 107

33 Cumulative wind power electricity generation [TWh] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

34 Calculated annual growth for electricity generation from wind power [%/year] . 110

35 Calculated average number of full load hours for wind power [hrs/year] . . . . . 112

36 Calculated per capita electricity generation for wind power [kWh/cap] . . . . . . 113

37 Calculated per area electricity generation for total wind power [MWh/km2] . . . 114

ECN-E--10-069 7

38 Cumulative biomass electric capacity [GW] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

39 Calculated annual growth for capacity of biomass electricity [%/year] . . . . . . 117

40 Cumulative biomass electricity generation [TWh] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

41 Calculated annual growth for generation from biomass electricity [%/year] . . . 120

42 Calculated average number of full load hours for biomass electricity [hrs/year] . 122

43 Calculated per capita generation for biomass electricity [kWh/cap] . . . . . . . 123

44 Calculated per area generation for total biomass electricity [MWh/km2] . . . . . 124

45 Cumulative geothermal heat energy [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

46 Calculated annual growth for energy from geothermal heat [%/year] . . . . . . . 127

47 Calculated per capita energy for geothermal heat [toe/1000 inhabitants] . . . . . 128

48 Calculated per area energy for total geothermal heat [toe/km2] . . . . . . . . . . 129

49 Cumulative solar thermal energy [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

50 Calculated annual growth for energy from solar thermal [%/year] . . . . . . . . 133

51 Calculated per capita energy for solar thermal [toe/1000 inhabitants] . . . . . . 134

52 Calculated per area energy for total solar thermal [toe/km2] . . . . . . . . . . . 135

53 Cumulative biomass heat energy [Mtoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

54 Calculated annual growth for energy from biomass heat [%/year] . . . . . . . . 139

55 Calculated per capita energy for biomass heat [toe/1000 inhabitants] . . . . . . . 141

56 Calculated per area energy for total biomass heat [toe/km2] . . . . . . . . . . . 142

57 Cumulative heat pump thermal energy [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

58 Calculated annual growth for thermal energy from heat pump [%/year] . . . . . 145

59 Calculated per capita thermal energy for heat pump [toe/1000 inhabitants] . . . 147

60 Calculated per area thermal energy for total heat pumps [toe/km2] . . . . . . . . 148

61 Bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

62 Calculated growth for bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport [%/year] . . 151

63 Calculated per capita bioethanol / bio-ETBE [toe/1000 inhabitants] . . . . . . . 153

64 Calculated per area bioethanol / bio-ETBE [toe/km2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

65 Biodiesel in renewable transport [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

66 Calculated annual growth for biodiesel in renewable transport [%/year] . . . . . 157

67 Calculated per capita in renewable transport for biodiesel [toe/1000 inhabitants] 159

68 Calculated per area in renewable transport for total biodiesel [toe/km2] . . . . . 160

69 Hydrogen from renewables in transport [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

70 Calculated annual growth for hydrogen from renewables in transport [%/year] . 163

71 Calculated per capita renewable hydrogen in transport [toe/1000 inhabitants] . . 164

72 Calculated per area renewable hydrogen in transport [toe/km2] . . . . . . . . . . 165

73 Renewable electricity in transport [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

74 Calculated annual growth for renewable electricity in transport [%/year] . . . . . 170

75 Calculated per capita for renewable electricity in transport [toe/1000 inhabitants] 173

76 Calculated per area for total renewable electricity in transport [toe/km2] . . . . . 175

8 ECN-E--10-069

77 Other biofuels in transport [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

78 Calculated growth for other biofuels in transport [%/year] . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

79 Calculated per capita values for other biofuels in transport [toe/1000 inhabitants] 181

80 Calculated per area values for total other biofuels in transport [toe/km2] . . . . . 182

ECN-E--10-069 9

List of Tables

1 Total renewable energy for 27 countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

2 Gross final energy consumption in the reference scenario for 27 countries . . . . 17

3 Gross final energy consumption in the additional efficiency scenario for 27 countries 17


5 Total renewable electricity capacity and energy for 27 countries . . . . . . . . . 20

6 Annual growth of renewable electricity capacity and energy for 27 countries . . . 21

7 Total renewable heating and cooling energy for 27 countries . . . . . . . . . . . 22

8 Annual growth for renewable heating and cooling energy for 27 countries . . . . 22

9 Total renewable transport energy for 27 countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

10 Annual growth for renewable transport for 27 countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

11 Total renewable energy for 27 countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24


13 List of NREAP releases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

14 Country data used for calculating indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

15 Renewable energy shares from Annex I of the Directive [%] . . . . . . . . . . . 39

16 Renewable energy shares according to Annex I and NREAP documents [%] . . 40

17 Belgium: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . 41

18 Bulgaria: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . 41

19 Czech Republic: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . 41

20 Denmark: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . 41

21 Germany: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . 42

22 Estonia: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . . 42

23 Ireland: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . . 42

24 Greece: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . . 42

25 Spain: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . . 43

26 France: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . . 43

27 Italy: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . . . 43

28 Cyprus: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . . 43

29 Latvia: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . . 44

30 Lithuania: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . 44

31 Luxembourg: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . 44

32 Hungary: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . 44

33 Malta: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . . 45

34 Netherlands: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . 45

35 Austria: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . . 45

36 Poland: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . . 45

37 Portugal: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . 46

ECN-E--10-069 11

38 Romania: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . 46

39 Slovenia: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . 46

40 Slovakia: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . 46

41 Finland: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . 47

42 Sweden: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . . . . . . 47

43 United Kingdom: indicative trajectory for the renewable energy share [%] . . . 47

44 Availability of scenarios and the aviation reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

45 Final consumption electricity for reference scenario [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

46 Final consumption electricity for additional energy efficiency scenario [ktoe] . . 53

47 Final consumption heating and cooling for reference scenario [ktoe] . . . . . . . 54

48 Final consumption heating and cooling for additional efficiency scenario [ktoe] . 55

49 Final consumption transport for reference scenario [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

50 Final consumption transport for additional energy efficiency scenario [ktoe] . . . 57

51 Final consumption before aviation reduction for reference scenario [ktoe] . . . . 58

52 Final consumption before aviation reduction for additional efficiency [ktoe] . . . 59

53 Final consumption after aviation reduction for reference scenario [ktoe] . . . . . 60

54 Final consumption after aviation reduction for additional energy efficiency [ktoe] 61

55 Aggregate RES according to NREAP in 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64




59 Cumulative hydropower electric capacity [MW] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

60 Calculated annual growth for electric capacity from hydropower [%/year] . . . . 71

61 Hydropower electric capacity including category breakdown [MW] . . . . . . . 72

62 Cumulative hydropower electricity generation [GWh] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

63 Calculated annual growth for electricity generation from hydropower [%/year] . 74

64 Hydropower electricity generation including category breakdown [GWh] . . . . 75

65 Calculated average number of full load hours for hydropower [hrs/year] . . . . . 76

66 Calculated per capita electricity generation for hydropower [kWh/cap] . . . . . 77

67 Calculated per area electricity generation for total hydropower [MWh/km2] . . . 78

68 Cumulative geothermal electric capacity [MW] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

69 Calculated annual growth for capacity of geothermal electricity [%/year] . . . . 81

70 Cumulative geothermal electricity generation [GWh] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

71 Calculated annual growth for generation of geothermal electricity [%/year] . . . 83

72 Calculated average number of full load hours for geothermal electricity [hrs/year] 84

73 Calculated per capita generation of geothermal electricity [kWh/cap] . . . . . . 85

74 Calculated per area generation of geothermal electricity [MWh/km2] . . . . . . 86

75 Cumulative solar electric capacity [MW] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

76 Calculated annual growth for capacity of solar electricity [%/year] . . . . . . . . 89

12 ECN-E--10-069

77 Solar electric capacity including category breakdown [MW] . . . . . . . . . . . 90

78 Cumulative solar electricity generation [GWh] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

79 Calculated annual growth for generation from solar electricity [%/year] . . . . . 92

80 Solar electricity generation including category breakdown [GWh] . . . . . . . . 93

81 Calculated average number of full load hours for solar electricity [hrs/year] . . . 94

82 Calculated per capita generation for solar electricity [kWh/cap] . . . . . . . . . 95

83 Calculated per area generation for total solar electricity [MWh/km2] . . . . . . . 96

84 Tidal, wave and ocean energy electric capacity [MW] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

85 Calculated growth for capacity from tidal, wave and ocean energy [%/year] . . . 99

86 Tidal, wave and ocean energy electricity generation [GWh] . . . . . . . . . . . 100

87 Calculated growth for electricity from tidal, wave and ocean energy [%/year] . . 101

88 Calculated number of full load hours for tidal, wave and ocean energy [hrs/year] 102

89 Calculated per capita electricity from tidal, wave and ocean energy [kWh/cap] . 103

90 Calculated per area electricity from tidal, wave and ocean energy [MWh/km2] . 104

91 Cumulative wind power electric capacity [MW] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

92 Calculated annual growth for electric capacity from wind power [%/year] . . . . 107

93 Wind power electric capacity including category breakdown [MW] . . . . . . . 108

94 Cumulative wind power electricity generation [GWh] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

95 Calculated annual growth for electricity generation from wind power [%/year] . 110

96 Wind power electricity generation including category breakdown [GWh] . . . . 111

97 Calculated average number of full load hours for wind power [hrs/year] . . . . . 112

98 Calculated per capita electricity generation for wind power [kWh/cap] . . . . . . 113

99 Calculated per area electricity generation for total wind power [MWh/km2] . . . 114

100 Cumulative biomass electric capacity [MW] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

101 Calculated annual growth for capacity of biomass electricity [%/year] . . . . . . 117

102 Biomass electric capacity including category breakdown [MW] . . . . . . . . . 118

103 Cumulative biomass electricity generation [GWh] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

104 Calculated annual growth for generation from biomass electricity [%/year] . . . 120

105 Biomass electricity generation including category breakdown [GWh] . . . . . . 121

106 Calculated average number of full load hours for biomass electricity [hrs/year] . 122

107 Calculated per capita generation for biomass electricity [kWh/cap] . . . . . . . 123

108 Calculated per area generation for total biomass electricity [MWh/km2] . . . . . 124

109 Cumulative geothermal heat energy [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

110 Calculated annual growth for energy from geothermal heat [%/year] . . . . . . . 127

111 Calculated per capita energy for geothermal heat [toe/1000 inhabitants] . . . . . 128

112 Calculated per area energy for total geothermal heat [toe/km2] . . . . . . . . . . 129

113 Cumulative solar thermal energy [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

114 Calculated annual growth for energy from solar thermal [%/year] . . . . . . . . 133

115 Calculated per capita energy for solar thermal [toe/1000 inhabitants] . . . . . . 134

ECN-E--10-069 13

116 Calculated per area energy for total solar thermal [toe/km2] . . . . . . . . . . . 135

117 Cumulative biomass heat energy [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

118 Calculated annual growth for energy from biomass heat [%/year] . . . . . . . . 139

119 Biomass heat energy including category breakdown [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

120 Calculated per capita energy for biomass heat [toe/1000 inhabitants] . . . . . . . 141

121 Calculated per area energy for total biomass heat [toe/km2] . . . . . . . . . . . 142

122 Cumulative heat pump thermal energy [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

123 Calculated annual growth for thermal energy from heat pump [%/year] . . . . . 145

124 Heat pump thermal energy including category breakdown [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . 146

125 Calculated per capita thermal energy for heat pump [toe/1000 inhabitants] . . . 147

126 Calculated per area thermal energy for total heat pumps [toe/km2] . . . . . . . . 148

127 Bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

128 Calculated growth for bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport [%/year] . . 151

129 Bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport including subcategories [ktoe] . . 152

130 Calculated per capita bioethanol / bio-ETBE [toe/1000 inhabitants] . . . . . . . 153

131 Calculated per area bioethanol / bio-ETBE [toe/km2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

132 Biodiesel in renewable transport [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

133 Calculated annual growth for biodiesel in renewable transport [%/year] . . . . . 157

134 Biodiesel in renewable transport including category breakdown [ktoe] . . . . . . 158

135 Calculated per capita in renewable transport for biodiesel [toe/1000 inhabitants] 159

136 Calculated per area in renewable transport for total biodiesel [toe/km2] . . . . . 160

137 Hydrogen from renewables in transport [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

138 Calculated annual growth for hydrogen from renewables in transport [%/year] . 163

139 Calculated per capita renewable hydrogen in transport [toe/1000 inhabitants] . . 164

140 Calculated per area renewable hydrogen in transport [toe/km2] . . . . . . . . . . 165

141 Renewable electricity in transport [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

142 Calculated annual growth for renewable electricity in transport [%/year] . . . . . 171

143 Renewable electricity in transport including category breakdown [ktoe] . . . . . 172

144 Calculated per capita for renewable electricity in transport [toe/1000 inhabitants] 174

145 Calculated per area for total renewable electricity in transport [toe/km2] . . . . . 176

146 Other biofuels in transport [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

147 Calculated growth for other biofuels in transport [%/year] . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

148 Other biofuels in transport including category breakdown [ktoe] . . . . . . . . . 180

149 Calculated per capita values for other biofuels in transport [toe/1000 inhabitants] 181

150 Calculated per area values for total other biofuels in transport [toe/km2] . . . . . 182

14 ECN-E--10-069

Summary

The Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC)1 addresses various subjects related to the devel-opment of renewable energies in the European Member States, among others the legally bindingshare of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption. In Article 4 of the Directive eachMember State is requested to provide a National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP) by30 June 2010. In order to draft this plan, a template2 was published by the Commission. EachMember State is requested to complete a set of tables in this template on how it expects to meet its2020 target, including the technology mix and the trajectory to reach it. The current report makesuse of the fact that these tables have been defined in a consistent way. All data have been collectedfrom the NREAP documents and they are available as a data report (this report), a database con-taining all data from the NREAPs (in text format) and a set of figures from the datareport (in PDFand PNG). The purpose has been to allow easy comparison for further analysis by the audience3.

The focus of this work is on the numbers and figures of the renewable energy projections. Allother subjects addressed in the documents, such as renewable energy policies, costs and benefitsand grid integration issues have not been considered in the current analysis. Moreover, it wasnot the objective of this analysis to check whether the proposed policies indeed result in theprojections made.

Whereas the data report focuses on the projections for the individual Member States, this sum-mary section focuses on the aggregate results for all European Member States: Austria, Belgium,Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portu-gal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

The charts and tables in this report present primary data (numbers directly taken from the NREAPdocuments) and secondary data (data derived from the primary data). For the secondary data, fourparameters have been presented consistently throughout the report: an indicator on full load hours(applies to electricity options only), an indicator on growth rates calculated from the projectedenergy production (for electricity options also for changes in capacity), and indicators on percapita and per surface area achievement. Although for the two latter indicators a bias existsbetween countries depending on their population density, these indicators enable comparison oflarge and small countries in a more meaningful manner.

All renewable energy sources (RES)

Table 1 indicates that the total gross production from renewable energy sources (RES) amountsto 244.5 Mtoe in the year 2020. The largest contributions of renewable energy originate fromheating and cooling (RES-H/C, 46% in 2020) and from renewable electricity (RES-E, 42% in2020). Renewable transport (RES-T) contributes 13% to the overall renewable energy in 2020.On average this projection results in an annual growth for overall renewables of approximately6% annually for the period 2010 - 2020. The presented data have been taken from the aggregatetable in the individual NREAPs4.

Looking at the overall growth rates per renewable energy type, it can be observed that the growthrates are smallest for renewable heating and cooling (between 4.4% and 5.7% annually, dependingon the period), and that renewable transport is growing fastest (7.1% to 8.5% annually, with a very

1At http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009L0028:EN:NOT the Renewable En-ergy Directive is available for download in all European languages.

2 The Template is available from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT.

3At http://www.ecn.nl/nreap the report, the database and the image files are available for download.4The aggregate table mentioned here refers to the NREAP Template Table 4a, see footnote 2 .

ECN-E--10-069 15

http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009L0028:EN:NOT

http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT



high growth rate for the period 2005 - 2010 (31.2% per year, caused by the relatively low energycontribution of 3.9 Mtoe for 2005). Renewable electricity has a growth rate of 6.0% to 6.7%annually. It should be noted however that these growth rates are average values, and that theconventional renewable technologies (hydropower electricity, solid biomass heating) constitutea large part of the renewable energy stock. From the summary section on detailed RES-specificprojections (starting on page 19) it can be observed that average growth rates for new renewables(wind power, solar electricity and solar thermal energy, heat pumps and biofuels for example) aresignificantly higher (Tables 6, 8 an 10).

Gross final energy consumption

The NREAPs all provide projections for gross final energy consumption in the period 2010 –2020. Most Member States have specified two scenarios: a ‘reference’ and an ‘additional energyefficiency scenario’. Gross final energy consumption has been reported for electricity, heatingand cooling and transport separately.

The gross final energy consumption according to these two scenarios for some Member Stateshas been reduced in order to compensate for a relatively large share of aviation in their grossfinal consumption of energy (see Article 5.6 in the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC)and the introduction section on page 50. This results in a value ‘before aviation reduction’ and ana value ‘after aviation reduction’. Table 2 presents for the reference scenario the resulting EU-27consumption data, relative shares and average annual growth rates. Table 3 presents the same forthe additional enery efficiency scenario.

For the purpose of calculating the overall renewable share the relevant parameter is the grossfinal energy consumption after aviation reduction (in Table 3 the last row, indicating ‘Total afteraviation’. In the year 2020 this value amounts to 1180 Mtoe.

Table 1: Total contribution from renewable energy sources (RES) for all 27 European UnionMember States. This table has been compiled based on the aggregate RES values asspecified in the NREAPs. See report Tables 55 to 58 (pages 64 to 67) forcountry-specific details.

Energy Share Average annual growth

2005 2010 2015 2020 2020 2005 – 2010 2010 – 2015 2015 – 2020[Mtoe] [Mtoe] [Mtoe] [Mtoe] [%]a [%/year] [%/year] [%/year]

RES-E 41.1 55.0 76.2 103.1 42 6.0 6.7 6.2RES-H/C 54.7 67.9 84.8 111.6 46 4.4 4.5 5.7RES-T 3.9 15.1 21.3 32.0 13 31.2 7.1 8.5RES-T*b 4.1 15.8 22.8 35.3 - 30.8 7.6 9.1

Total RES 98.7 137.0 180.9 244.5 100 6.8 5.7 6.2

a The percentage refers to the share of the renewable energy types (electricity, heating and cooling and transport) intotal renewable energy in the year 2020.b In ‘RES-T*’ the amount of renewable energy in transport is reported according to the Renewable Energy Directive(2009/28/EC). Renewable electricity in electric road vehicles is to be accounted for 2.5 times the energy content ofthe input of electricity from renewable energy sources (Article 3.4c). Moreover, the contribution made by biofuelsproduced from wastes, residues, non-food cellulosic material, and ligno-cellulosic material is to be considered twicethat made by other biofuels (Article 21.2).All 27 European Union Member States are considered in this table. This concerns the following countries: Austria,Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia,Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

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Table 2: Total gross final energy consumption in the reference scenario for all demand sectorsfor the aggregate of all 27 European Union Member States. See Tables 45, 47, 49, 51and 53 for details.


2005 2010 2015 2020 ’05 – ’10 ’10 – ’15 ’15 – ’20[Mtoe] [Mtoe] [Mtoe] [Mtoe] [%]a [%/year] [%/year] [%/year]

Electricity 268 286 307 329 25 1.3 1.4 1.4Heating and cooling 552 556 569 581 44 0.1 0.5 0.4Transport 299 321 336 349 27 1.5 0.9 0.7

Total before aviation 1166 1213 1266 1317 100 0.8 0.9 0.8Total after aviation 1162 1208 1259 1307 99 0.8 0.8 0.8

a The percentage refers to the share of the demand sectors (electricity, heating and cooling and transport) in total grossfinal energy consumption before aviation reduction in the year 2020.

Table 3: Total gross final energy consumption in the additional energy efficiency scenario for alldemand sectors for the aggregate of all 27 European Union Member States. See Tables46, 48, 50, 52 and 54 for details.


2005 2010 2015 2020 ’05 – ’10 ’10 – ’15 ’15 – ’20[Mtoe] [Mtoe] [Mtoe] [Mtoe] [%]a [%/year] [%/year] [%/year]

Electricity 268 283 293 304 26 1.1 0.7 0.7Heating and cooling 552 543 532 520 44 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4Transport 299 313 315 312 26 0.9 0.1 -0.2

Total before aviation 1166 1189 1191 1189 100 0.4 0.0 0.0Total after aviation 1162 1184 1184 1180 99 0.4 0.0 -0.1

a The percentage refers to the share of the demand sectors (electricity, heating and cooling and transport) in total grossfinal energy consumption before aviation reduction in the year 2020.

ECN-E--10-069 17

The share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption

Based on the abovementioned parameters, Table 4 integrates the EU-27 contribution from re-newable energy sources (the denominator in the quotient for calculating the share of renewables,available from Table 1) and the gross final energy consumption (the numerator, available from Ta-bles 2 and 3). From this table it can be seen that in the year 2020 the overall share of renewablesin the ‘additional energy efficiency scenario’ after applying the aviation reduction slightly over-shoots the target, arriving at 20.7%. In the reference scenario the EU-27 target of 20% renewableenergy in the year 2020 is not being met; this is a logical result of the fact that all projectionshave been designed to meet the target for the additional energy efficiency scenario. The ‘avia-tion reduction’ applied to the gross final energy consumption results in an increase of the overallrenewable share of 0.1%-point (from 20.6% to 20.7%).

Table 4 also presents the share of renewables in transport according to the Directive definition(see table footnote b). For the year 2020 the target largely surpasses the target of 10%: a share of11.3% is being reached.

Table 4: Overall renewable energy share in the aggregate of all 27 European Union MemberStates. Data calculated from Table 11 on renewable energy and Tables 2 and 3 on grossfinal energy consumption according to the two scenarios. The ‘additional efficiencyscenario’ after aviation reduction is leading for calculating the renewable energy share.

Reference scenario Additional efficiency scenario

2005 2010 2015 2020 2005 2010 2015 2020[%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%]

Electricity 15.3 19.3 24.9 31.3 15.3 19.4 26.0 34.0Heating and cooling 9.9 12.2 14.9 19.2 9.9 12.5 15.9 21.4Transporta 1.3 4.7 6.3 9.2 1.3 4.8 6.8 10.2Transport targetb 1.4 4.9 6.8 10.1 1.4 5.0 7.2 11.3

Total before aviation reduction 8.5 11.3 14.3 18.6 8.5 11.5 15.2 20.6Total after aviation reduction 8.5 11.3 14.4 18.7 8.5 11.6 15.3 20.7

a The share for transport simply expresses the share of RES-T (excluding double counting of renewable electricity,hydrogen and biogas in transport, as specified in Article 5.8 in the Directive) in gross final energy consumption and isnot to be interpreted as the renewable share in transport.b In ‘Transport target’ the share of renewable energy in transport is reported according to the Renewable EnergyDirective (2009/28/EC). See footnote b in Table 1.

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Detailed information from RES-specific projections

Renewable electricity (RES-E)

Table 5 shows the breakdown of the renewable electricity technologies into subcategories (whereapplicable) and Table 6 shows calculated growth rates. For new renewables such as wind power,solar PV and tidal, wave and ocean energy double-digit growth rates occur. It is interesting tonote that the growth rates decline over time: for most technologies the average annual growthrate is higher for the period 2010 – 2015 than for 2015 – 2020. For individual countries data canbe found in the tables on growth rates in the technology-specific chapters of the report.

Taking a closer look at the mix of renewable electricity technologies for the year 2020 (Table 5),it can be observed that the most important contribution is expected from wind power (40.6% ofwhich onshore wind power contributes 28.2%-point). The second largest technology is expectedto be hydropower (30.4% of all RES-E in 2020, of which large hydropower takes 25.0%-point).Biomass electricity is responsible for 19.1% and solar electricity for 8.5% (6.9%-point from pho-tovoltaics).

Renewable heating and cooling (RES-H/C)

Table 7 shows the contribution of the renewable heating and cooling technologies in detail andTable 8 shows calculated growth rates. For renewable heating and cooling the largest share in theyear 2020 is from biomass (77.6%), notably solid biomass (69.2%). Second is renewable energyfrom heat pumps (10.9%), followed by solar thermal (5.6%) and deep geothermal heat (2.3%).For Romania the technology breakdown of renewable heating and cooling is not available fromthe NREAP. The Romanian total RES-H/C value has been added in the value for ‘Total renewableheating and cooling’ in order to make sure to have a correct value for the total contribution ofRES-H/C. Looking at Table 8 it can be seen that growth rates generally are higher for the non-biomass options (except biogas).

Renewable energy in transport (RES-T)

Table 9 shows the contribution of the renewable transport energy carriers and Table 10 showscalculated growth rates. According to this table, biodiesel has the largest contribution in 2020(64.8%), followed by bio-ethanol / bio-ETBE (21.7%). For Romania the technology breakdownof renewable transport is not available from the NREAP. The total RES-T value has been added inthe value for ‘Total renewable transport’ in order to make sure to have a correct value for the totalcontribution of RES-T. The tables in the report (see the page numbers in the last column of Table9) provide more information about the shares of Article 21.2 biofuels and imported biofuels.Renewable electricity also has a significant contribution, but this does not count towards theoverall renewable energy production as specified in Article 5.1 of the Directive. None of the 27European Member States project a contribution from renewable hydrogen in transport.

ECN-E--10-069 19

Table 5: Total renewable electricity (RES-E) capacity and energy for all 27 European UnionMember States

2005 2010 2015 2020 [%]a [%]b Page

Hydropower < 1MW [GW] 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.2 72[TWh] 10.9 10.5 11.1 11.9 75[Mtoe] 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.4 -

Hydropower 1MW – 10 MW [GW] 9.0 9.5 10.7 11.9 72[TWh] 33.1 33.1 35.2 38.7 75[Mtoe] 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.2 1.4 -

Hydropower >10MW [GW] 96.0 96.4 101.9 109.3 72[TWh] 294.8 290.1 296.0 304.0 75[Mtoe] 25.3 24.9 25.4 26.1 25.0 10.6 -

Pumped storage hydropower [GW] 18.7 23.4 27.3 34.8 72[TWh] 23.5 22.9 27.0 31.9 75[Mtoe] 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.7 n.a. n.a. -

Hydropower (subtotal excluding pumped storage) [GW] 115.1 118.0 125.6 135.6 72[TWh] 346.6 345.7 355.6 370.1 75[Mtoe] 29.8 29.7 30.6 31.8 30.4 12.9 -

Geothermal [GW] 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.6 80[TWh] 5.5 6.0 7.3 10.9 82[Mtoe] 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.4 -

Solar photovoltaic [GW] 2.2 25.5 54.4 84.4 90[TWh] 1.5 20.1 51.7 83.4 93[Mtoe] 0.1 1.7 4.4 7.2 6.9 2.9 -

Concentrated solar power [GW] 0.0 0.6 3.6 7.0 90[TWh] 0.0 1.2 9.0 20.0 93[Mtoe] 0.0 0.1 0.8 1.7 1.6 0.7 -

Solar (subtotal) [GW] 2.2 26.1 57.9 91.4 90[TWh] 1.5 21.3 60.8 103.3 93[Mtoe] 0.1 1.8 5.2 8.9 8.5 3.6 -

Tidal, wave and ocean energy [GW] 0.2 0.2 0.4 2.1 98[TWh] 0.5 0.5 0.9 6.0 100[Mtoe] 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.2 -

Onshore wind [GW] 39.6 81.5 125.7 164.7 108[TWh] 66.5 154.7 255.0 343.7 111[Mtoe] 5.7 13.3 21.9 29.6 28.2 12.0 -

Offshore wind [GW] 0.7 2.5 14.3 41.3 108[TWh] 1.9 8.5 45.9 133.3 111[Mtoe] 0.2 0.7 3.9 11.5 11.0 4.7 -

Wind power (subtotal) [GW] 40.4 84.9 142.9 213.4 108[TWh] 70.4 164.6 308.5 494.6 111[Mtoe] 6.1 14.1 26.5 42.5 40.6 17.3 -

Solid biomass [GW] 10.6 14.4 20.8 27.4 118[TWh] 55.1 76.8 113.7 154.9 121[Mtoe] 4.7 6.6 9.8 13.3 12.7 5.4 -

Biogas [GW] 2.7 5.4 7.9 11.2 118[TWh] 12.5 28.7 43.9 64.0 121[Mtoe] 1.1 2.5 3.8 5.5 5.3 2.2 -

Bioliquids [GW] 0.4 1.0 1.4 1.7 118[TWh] 1.5 8.6 10.9 12.7 121[Mtoe] 0.1 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.4 -

Biomass (subtotal) [GW] 15.7 22.6 32.3 43.3 118[TWh] 67.2 114.3 168.8 231.9 121[Mtoe] 5.8 9.8 14.5 19.9 19.1 8.1 -

Total renewable electricity [TWh] 491.7 652.4 901.9 1216.8 -[Mtoe] 42.3 56.1 77.6 104.6 100.0 42.6 -

a The percentage refers to the share of the individual technologies in total renewable electricity in the year 2020b The percentage refers to the share of the individual technologies in total renewable energy (electricity, heating andcooling and transport) in the year 2020

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Table 6: Average annual growth of renewable electricity (RES-E) capacity and energy for all 27European Union Member States

2005 – 2010 2010 – 2015 2015 – 2020 Page[%/year] [%/year] [%/year]

Hydropower < 1MW Capacity 0.6 1.8 1.6 -Energy -0.8 1.1 1.4 -

Hydropower 1MW – 10 MW Capacity 1.1 2.5 2.1 -Energy 0.0 1.3 1.9 -

Hydropower >10MW Capacity 0.1 1.1 1.4 -Energy -0.3 0.4 0.5 -

Pumped storage hydropower Capacity 4.6 3.1 5.0 -Energy -0.5 3.4 3.4 -

Hydropower (subtotal excluding pumped storage) Capacity 0.5 1.3 1.5 71Energy -0.1 0.6 0.8 74

Geothermal Capacity 1.9 5.0 9.1 81Energy 1.8 4.2 8.2 83

Solar photovoltaic Capacity 62.9 16.3 9.2 -Energy 68.8 20.8 10.0 -

Concentrated solar power Capacity n.a. 41.2 14.5 -Energy n.a. 51.0 17.2 -

Solar (subtotal) Capacity 63.7 17.3 9.5 89Energy 70.7 23.3 11.2 92

Tidal, wave and ocean energy Capacity 0.4 8.7 41.7 99Energy -1.3 11.5 47.3 101

Onshore wind Capacity 15.5 9.1 5.6 -Energy 18.4 10.5 6.2 -

Offshore wind Capacity 30.0 41.3 23.6 -Energy 34.7 40.1 23.8 -

Wind power (subtotal) Capacity 16.0 11.0 8.3 107Energy 18.5 13.4 9.9 110

Solid biomass Capacity 6.3 7.7 5.7 -Energy 6.9 8.2 6.4 -

Biogas Capacity 15.2 7.8 7.4 -Energy 18.1 8.8 7.8 -

Bioliquids Capacity 23.1 6.7 3.5 -Energy 42.5 4.9 3.1 -

Biomass (subtotal) Capacity 7.5 7.4 6.0 117Energy 11.2 8.1 6.6 120

Average renewable electricity Energy 5.8 6.7 6.2 -

The growth rates for subcategories of technologies in this table have been calculated from the projections in Table 5

ECN-E--10-069 21

Table 7: Total renewable heating and cooling (RES-H/C) energy for all 27 European UnionMember States

2005 2010 2015 2020 Share Share Page[Mtoe] [Mtoe] [Mtoe] [Mtoe] [%]a [%]b

Geothermal 0.4 0.7 1.3 2.6 2.3 1.0 126Solar thermal 0.7 1.4 3.0 6.3 5.6 2.6 132Solid biomass 47.7 53.8 63.3 77.2 69.2 31.4 140Biogasc 0.6 1.5 2.9 5.0 4.5 2.0 140Bioliquids 1.1 3.6 4.1 4.4 3.9 1.8 140Biomass (subtotal) 49.4 58.9 70.2 86.5 77.6 35.2 140Aerothermal heat pumps 0.1 2.3 3.7 6.1 5.5 2.5 146Geothermal heat pumps 0.2 1.2 2.3 4.1 3.7 1.7 146Hydrothermal heat pumps 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.2 146Renewable energy from heat pumps (subtotal) 0.6 4.0 7.2 12.1 10.9 4.9 146

Total renewable heating and coolingd 54.6 67.8 84.7 111.5 100.0 45.4 -

a The percentage refers to the share of the individual technologies in total renewable heating and cooling in the year2020.b The percentage refers to the share of the individual technologies in total renewable energy (electricity, heating andcooling and transport) in the year 2020.c In ‘biogas’ the value for ‘Bio-SNG for grid feed-in’ as specified in the Dutch NREAP has been included.d The Romanian total RES-H/C value has been added in the value for STotal renewable heating and coolingŠ. Thepercentages of the technology breakdown therefore sum to 96.4% instead of 100%.

Table 8: Average annual growth for renewable heating and cooling (RES-H/C) energy for all 27European Union Member States


Geothermal 9.9 14.3 14.5 127Solar thermal 16.0 15.7 15.9 133Solid biomass 2.4 3.3 4.0 -Biogasa 18.7 13.8 11.8 -Bioliquids 26.3 2.3 1.5 -Biomass (subtotal) 3.6 3.6 4.3 139Aerothermal heat pumps 75.1 10.2 10.7 -Geothermal heat pumps 36.9 14.9 12.1 -Hydrothermal heat pumps 50.6 9.0 9.3 -Renewable energy from heat pumps (subtotal) 45.5 12.5 10.9 145

Average renewable heating and cooling 4.4 4.6 5.7 -

a In ‘biogas’ the value for ‘Bio-SNG for grid feed-in’ as specified in the Dutch NREAP has been includedThe growth rates for subcategories of technologies in this table have been calculated from the projections in Table 7

22 ECN-E--10-069

Table 9: Total renewable transport (RES-T) energy for all 27 European Union Member States2005 2010 2015 2020 Share Share Page

[Mtoe] [Mtoe] [Mtoe] [Mtoe] [%]a [%]b

Bioethanol / bio-ETBE 0.5 2.8 4.8 7.1 21.7 2.9 152Biodiesel 2.4 10.8 14.3 21.3 64.8 8.6 158Hydrogen from renewables 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 162Renewable electricityc 1.1 1.3 1.9 3.1 9.5 - 169Other biofuels 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.8 2.4 0.3 180

Total renewable transportd,e 4.2 15.3 21.7 32.8 100.0 - -

Total renewable transport Article 5.1f 3.1 14.1 19.8 29.7 90.5 12.1 -

a The percentage refers to the share of the individual technologies in total renewable transport in the year 2020.b The percentage refers to the share of the individual technologies in total renewable energy (electricity, heating andcooling and transport) in the year 2020. This value is not available for electricity and hydrogen from renewable energy,see footnote d.c In ‘Renewable electricity’ the ‘non-road electricity consumption’ has not been included for Romania.d The value ‘Total renewable transport’ has not been corrected as indicated in Article 5.1 of Directive 2009/28/EC.e For Romania the technology breakdown of renewable transport is not available from the NREAP. The total value forRES-T from the Romanian NREAP (Template Table 4b) has been added in the value for ‘Total renewable transport’,corrected for the ‘road electricity consumption’ already included in ‘Renewable electricity’. The percentages of thetechnology breakdown therefore sum to 98.4% instead of 100%.f The ‘Total renewable transport Article 5.1’ has been calculated by substracting electricity and hydrogen from renew-able energy values from ‘Total renewable transport’. This is to avoid double counting as indicated in Article 5.1 ofDirective 2009/28/EC. The category ‘other biofuels’ has not been applied for the correction. The resulting values areused for determining the overall renewable energy production in Table 11.

Table 10: Average annual growth for renewable transport (RES-T) for all 27 European UnionMember States


Bioethanol / bio-ETBE 39.5 11.6 8.0 151Biodiesel 35.4 5.7 8.3 157Hydrogen from renewables n.a. n.a. n.a. 163Renewable electricity 3.9 8.9 9.8 171Other biofuels 1.2 5.0 23.7 179

Average renewable transport 29.6 7.2 8.6 -

ECN-E--10-069 23

Table 11: Total contribution from renewable energy sources (RES) for all 27 European UnionMember States. These values have been calculated from the detailed NREAPprojections and differ slightly from the values presented in Table 1, which has beencompiled based on aggregate RES values as available from the NREAPs as well. SeeTables 7 to 10 for details.


2005 2010 2015 2020 2005 – 2010 2010 – 2015 2015 – 2020[Mtoe] [Mtoe] [Mtoe] [Mtoe] [%]a [%/year] [%/year] [%/year]

RES-E 42.3 56.1 77.6 104.6 43 5.8 6.7 6.2RES-H/C 54.6 67.8 84.7 111.5 45 4.4 4.6 5.7RES-T b 3.1 14.1 19.8 29.7 12 35.0 7.1 8.5

Total RES 100.0 138.0 182.0 245.8 100 6.6 5.7 6.2

a The percentage refers to the share of the renewable energy types (electricity, heating and cooling and transport) intotal renewable energy in the year 2020b Total renewable energy for transport has been corrected for electricity and hydrogen from renewable energy sourcesas indicated in Article 5.1 of Directive 2009/28/EC. See Table 9.All 27 European Union Member States are considered in this table. This concerns the following countries: Austria,Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia,Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

Renewable energy share according to detailed projections

Table 11 indicates that the total gross production from renewable energy sources (RES) (ex-cluding pumped storage hydropower and for renewable transport corrected for double countingaccording to Article 5.1 of the Directive) amounts to 245.8 Mtoe in the year 20205. Note that thisvalue, calculated from the detailed renewable energy projections for RES-E, RES-H/C and RES-T, differs from the value reported in Table 1 (244.5 Mtoe). As the deviations are relatively small,it can be observed that the different contributions from renewable energy largely are in line withthe data presented in Table 1. Renewable heating and cooling contributes 45% in 2020 instead of46% and from renewable electricity 43% in 2020 instead of 42%) . Renewable transport (RES-T)remains unchanged with a 12% contribution to the overall renewable target, as does the value forthe average annual growth.

Using these slightly different RES projections as input to calculate the shares in gross final energyconsumption, the resulting shares also will be different. This is displayed in Table 12. For theyear 2020 the ‘additional efficiency scenario after aviation reduction’ results in a share of 20.8%,slightly higher than the 20.7% reported in Table 4. The reason for this is that some NREAPdocuments have internal inconsistencies, i.e. aggregate values do not match between tables. Thiscan be observed also from the country tables in this report (pages 185 to 237).

Based on the detailed projections no share of renewable transport has been calculated.

Derived data in this report

The secondary data as depicted in the report show the merits of presenting the data using derivedindicators: large countries with high projections for certain renewables countries are averaged outwhen presented on a per capita or a per surface area basis. The indicator on full load hours showsexpected deviations between Southern European countries and Northern European countries forsolar electricity technologies.

5The NREAP for Romania doesn’t pronounce on detailed projections for renewable heating and cooling and re-newable transport (Template Tables 11 and 12 are missing), these projections have been taken from the data overviewpresented in Tables 55 to 58 for the purpose of this overview table.

24 ECN-E--10-069

Table 12: Overall renewable energy share in the aggregate of all 27 European Union MemberStates. Data calculated from Table 1 on renewable energy (based on detailedprojections) and Tables 2 and 3 on gross final energy consumption according to thetwo scenarios. The ‘additional efficiency scenario’ after aviation reduction is leadingfor calculating the renewable energy share. Note that the value 20.8% differs slightlyfrom the value 20.7% from Table 4. This is caused by internal inconsistencies in theNREAPs.

Reference scenario Additional efficiency scenario

2005 2010 2015 2020 2005 2010 2015 2020[%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%]

Electricity 15.8 19.6 25.3 31.8 15.8 19.8 26.5 34.5Heating and cooling 9.9 12.2 14.9 19.2 9.9 12.5 15.9 21.4Transporta 1.0 4.4 5.9 8.5 1.0 4.5 6.3 9.5

Total before aviation reduction 8.6 11.4 14.4 18.7 8.6 11.6 15.3 20.7Total after aviation reduction 8.6 11.4 14.5 18.8 8.6 11.7 15.4 20.8

a The share for transport simply expresses the share of RES-T (excluding double counting of renewable electricity,hydrogen and biogas in transport, as specified in Article 5.8 in the Directive) in gross final energy consumption andis not to be interpreted as the renewable share in transport. Based on the detailed projections no share of renewabletransport has been calculated.

ECN-E--10-069 25

1 Introduction

The Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) discusses various subjects related to the devel-opment of renewable energies in the European Member States, among others the legally bindingshare of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption. In Article 4 of the Directive eachMember State is requested to provide a National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP) by30 June 2010. In order to draft this plan, a template was published by the Commission. EachMember State is obliged to complete a set of tables in this template on how it expects to meet its2020 target, including the technology mix and the trajectory to reach it.

This report makes use of the fact that these tables have been defined in a consistent way. All datahave been collected from the NREAP documents and three products are available from this:

• A data report: the current document integrates and aggregates where possible data from theindividual countries, presents tables in various cross-sections and presents the data graphi-cally;

• A set of figures: all figures from the data-report are available as separate graphic files;

• A database: all data have been entered in a database for further analysis by the audience.

These products are freely available for download from http://www.ecn.nl/nreap.

This first chapter explains the characteristics of this work, the target audience, limitations, coun-tries considered. Data types are discussed, technical notes on the process of data transfer to thedatabase are presented and the chapter ends with a listing of changes compared to the previousversion of database and report. The further chapters in the report contain the actual figures andtables. Where necessary, figure and table captions and footnotes mention important information.

1.1 Target audience

This report is difficult to digest without context. It is therefore not the intention of the authorsto provide a document for the general public, but rather to facilitate specialists to evaluate theNREAPs in an aggregate way. This target audience consists of researchers, national and Europeanpolicy makers, journalists of on-topic magazines or other groups. The current report provides ageneral overview, where some details have been omitted in order to assist the reader. The above-mentioned database is more difficult to digest. It provides the full detail of a selection of theobligatory tables from all NREAPs and requires substantial modelling or spreadsheet skills.

1.2 Limitations of this work

Most NREAP documents have been provided in the national language. For collecting the datafrom these documents, the focus has been on the tables in the documents, notably Template6

Tables 1, 2, 3, 4a, 4b, 6, 7, 7a, 8, 9, 10a, 10b, 11 and 12. The originally submitted document cancontain important additional information in the text belonging to the data tables. In the currentversion of the data report and the database it has not been possible to consider this information.

Focus in the current report on evaluating the NREAP documents has been on the numbers andfigures. All other subjects addressed in the documents, such as renewable energy policies, costsand benefits and grid integration issues have not been considered in the current analysis. Also, itwas not the objective of this analysis to check whether the proposed policies indeed result in theprojections made.

6The Template is available in all European languages from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

ECN-E--10-069 27




Introduction 1 FEB 2011

1.3 Countries considered in this version of the report

The deadline for submitting the NREAP documents was 30 June 2010. In practice, the firstNREAPs were available for download from the European transparency platform starting from 2July 2010. On 31 July 2010 a total number of 14 documents had been officially released. At thetime of releasing the first version of this report (10 September 2010) a total of 19 Member StateNREAP documents were available from the Transparency Platform. Two intermediate updateshave been released, and this version of the data report and database (1 February 2011) covers all27 countries. See Table 13 for the release dates of the NREAPs.

1.4 Primary and secondary data

The figures and tables in the current report present two data categories:

• Primary data: numbers directly taken from the NREAP documents, at times in a differentcross-section or in a different unit;

• Secondary data: data derived from the primary data, at times using other parameters.

The report presents figures of both primary and secondary data. For secondary data, mainly greytones are used for the bars, in order to clearly distinguish from the primary data figures, for whichmore colors have been used. Primary and secondary data are discussed in more detail in thefollowing sections.

Table 13: Overview of release dates of the National Renewable Energy Action Plans (NREAPs).The months refer to the year 2010, except for the Hungarian NREAP (releasedJanuary 2011).

Country Code Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec January 2011Belgium BE xBulgaria BG xCzech Republic CZ xDenmark DK xGermany DE xEstonia EE xIreland IE xGreece EL xSpain ES xFrance FR xItaly IT xCyprus CY xLatvia LV xLithuania LT xLuxembourg LU xHungary HU xMalta MT xNetherlands NL xAustria AT xPoland PL xPortugal PT xRomania RO xSlovenia SI xSlovakia SK xFinland FI xSweden SE xUnited Kingdom UK x

Number of countries 14 5 2 2 0 3 1

28 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Introduction

1.4.1 Primary data

The primary data directly use the numbers from the action plans. They are presented in graphicaland tabular form, mostly in a five-year interval. If applicable, all data are aggregated and listed astotal or average numbers.

1.4.2 Secondary data

Taking the primary data as input, various derived parameters can be obtained. These secondarydata assist the reader in further evaluating the primary data and/or to compare individual countriesand/or to rank them. Note that the merit of these derived indicators is not so much to underpin theNREAP projections: they rather serve to correct for differences in country size. Four examplesof derived secondary indicators are discussed below.

The indicator on full load hours applies to electricity options only. Based on primary electricitycapacity [MW] and electricity production [GWh] as available through tables 10a and 10b of theNREAPs it shows the average amount of full load hours for all renewable electricity technologies.The indicator is meant to provide a common base for comparing the way in which technologyparameter assumptions have been used in the various NREAP documents. The value does notnecessarily represent a reference to technology characteristics in the real world.

The indicator on growth rates provides information on past and future average annual growthrates, based on the renewable energy projections. In the current version of the report, these rateshave been calculated for a five-year and a ten-year period, both for the past (2005 - 2010) andprospective required growth rates (starting from the year 2010). For the reader it is interestingto see the resulting growth rates based on the projections, because these indicate the level ofsuitability of each renewable technology to individual Member States.

The indicator on per capita achievement relates the projected energy yield for each renewabletechnology to the number of inhabitants of a country. See table 14 for the assumptions. Note thatinstead of using a projection of the population data for the period under consideration, a fixedvalue has been chosen as a reference (namely the 2008 status). For the electricity options theper capita indicator has only been calculated for production, not for capacity. This yields a morecommon base of comparison, without the country-specific number of full load hours blurring theindicator value.

The indicator on per surface area achievement relates the projected energy yield for each renew-able technology to the surface area of a country. See table 14 for underlying data.

Note that for the latter two indicators a bias exists among countries depending on their populationdensity. As can be seen in Figure 1 most countries are characterised reasonably well by the lineindicating the average European population density. A minority of countries vary significantlyfrom this average value: countries with a higher population density are Malta, Belgium, theNetherlands, Italy, the United Kingdom and Germany. Countries with a relatively low populationdensity are Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland and Sweden.

ECN-E--10-069 29


BE

BG

CZ

DK

DE

EE

IE

EL

ESFR

IT

CY

LVLT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FISE

UK

100

1000

10000

100000

1000000

100000 1000000 10000000 100000000Population [-]

Surf

ace a

rea

[km

2]

Figure 1: Bias in countries based on population and surface area from Table 14. More denselypopulated countries can be found to the right of the line indicating the averagepopulation density

Table 14: Country data used for calculating indicators

Country Country code Population 2008 Surface area[-] [km2]

Belgium BE 10666866 30528Bulgaria BG 7640238 111002Czech Republic CZ 10381130 78867Denmark DK 5475791 43098Germany DE 82217837 357030Estonia EE 1340935 43698Ireland IE 4401335 69797Greece EL 11213785 131957Spain ES 45283259 505997France FR 63982881 632834Italy IT 59619290 301336Cyprus CY 789269 9250Latvia LV 2270894 64589Lithuania LT 3366357 65300Luxembourg LU 483799 2586Hungary HU 10045401 93030Malta MT 410290 316Netherlands NL 16405399 41528Austria AT 8318592 83871Poland PL 38115641 312685Portugal PT 10617575 92002Romania RO 21528627 238391Slovenia SI 2010269 20273Slovakia SK 5400998 49034Finland FI 5300484 338145Sweden SE 9182927 441370United Kingdom UK 61179256 243069European Union (27 countries, total) EU-27 497649125 4401582

Source: Eurostat, July 2010 (Population on 1 January 2008 and Area of the regions (2004) respectively)

30 ECN-E--10-069


1.5 Technical notes on the database transfer

All available data from the abovementioned set of tables from the Template have been entered intothe database. In most cases this process was straightforward, but for a few data-entries difficultiesemerged. In this section these difficulties are highlighted on a per-country basis, but not furtherelaborated. Examples of problems that occurred:

• Changed data labels (i.e. a row has been added to the Template);

• Data split into more categories than the Template prescribes;

• Alternative units used (this has been adopted as much as possible in the database);

Another important limitation faced in the process of the data-entry transfer is that footnotes andremarks in the texts in most cases have not been processed.

In case total values have not been displayed in an Action Plan, but the subcategories have, thishas not been corrected in the database. In the current report a total sum has been calculated forcompleteness. The idea behind this is to keep the database as close as possible to the originaltemplates and not to commit errors in cases where the totals have been omitted on purpose.

Note that the table numbers in the sections below refer to the Template and not to the currentreport, unless otherwise stated7.

When mentioning ‘the Directive’ this means Directive 2009/28/EC8.

1.5.1 Belgium

Template Table 6 is not reported on, different units have been used in Template Tables 7 and 7a.

1.5.2 Bulgaria

For Template Tables 7 and 7a it is not clear what the unit is in which the data have been provided.It has been entered into the database as ‘Unknown’.

1.5.3 Czech Republic

The data series for item (C) in Tables 4a/b (‘Expected final consumption of energy from RES intransport’) do not correspond: in Table 4a the series of item (J) (‘Expected RES contribution totransport for the RES-T target’) from Table 4b has been referred to. Moreover, the data seriesof item (J) (‘Expected RES contribution to transport for the RES-T target’) in Table 4b has notbeen calculated correctly. Probably the ‘-1’ component to calculate the series has been neglected.In Table 6 only total values are reported, reason for which the table in the databasee has beenleft empty. Table 8 only reports an aggregate value, which cannot be considered in the database.The values for wind power in Tables 10a/b have been reported for the aggregate of onshore andoffshore wind. In the database the entry for onshore wind power has been defined to be equal tothe aggregate value (i.e. no offshore wind power in the Czech Republic). In Table 11 the valuesfor deep geothermal seem not to have been added to the total.

7The Template is available in all European languages from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT. For the purpose of compiling the current report the version in English has beenused as a reference.

8The Directive is available in all European languages from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009L0028:EN:NOT. For the purpose of compiling the current report the version in English has beenused as a reference.

ECN-E--10-069 31






1.5.4 Denmark

The trajectory as depicted in Template Table 3 differs from the trajectory calculated from Annex Iof the Directive. This is presented in more detail in Table 20 on page 41 of the current report. Thevalue ‘1197 ktoe’ in the year 2012 for ‘Final RES consumption in transport’ in Template Table4a might not be correct but has been left unchanged in the database. In Template Table 6 moredetail is presented than prescribed by the Template. These values have not been considered in thedatabase. Template Table 7 differs slightly from the predefined format. It is unclear what valuesrefer to production and consumption, so the data have not been considered in the database.

1.5.5 Germany

In the German Action Plan Template Table 6 is not reported. Several issues have occured in Tem-plate Tables 7 and 7a: for the year 2006 imports from EU and non-EU countries are combined.All values have been reported in the database under ‘EU’. For Template Table 8 other types ofagricultural area have been specified. These however have not been considered for the database.In Template Table 12 upper and lower values have been specified for Article 21.2 fuels; lowervalues have been included in the database.

1.5.6 Estonia

Missing Template Tables: 6 and 8. In Template Table11 ‘biomass in households’ is provided asa percentage instead of ktoe, most probably referring to the data for ‘solid biomass’ in the sametable. The information however hasn’t been entered into the database.

1.5.7 Ireland

Row headers seem to be mixed in Template Table 1. Under ‘Reduction for aviation limit’ thetotal consumption after reduction for aviation limit seems to be reported. The aviation reductionhas been recalculated and appears to be nonzero for the years 2005 and 2010 (both scenarios)only. For Table 7 and 7a the Action Plan does not report total values per subcategory. These totalvalues have been calculated and entered into the database.

1.5.8 Greece

An obvious error occurs in Template Table 1: the data series for ‘Total consumption after re-duction for aviation limit’ is equal to the series in ‘Final consumption in aviation’. This erroris confirmed by the value ‘24144’ in ‘Expected total adjusted energy consumption in 2020’ ofTemplate Table 2. In the database no data will be reported for ‘Total consumption after reductionfor aviation limit’ (from the third version onwards, see also Section 1.7).

1.5.9 Spain

No data provided for Template Tables 6 and 8.

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1.5.10 France

The French action plan reports values for 2008, which haven’t been considered for the databaseand the current report. Table 4a in the first row has a typesetting problem for the year 2015:the value ‘8’ is not considered (the English translation mentions ‘150408’ which probably is notcorrect). Also in Table 4a ambiguity is introduced between rows D and G, which differ for theyears 2017 to 2019. In Table 6 values for commercial and public sectors are aggregated under‘tertiary sector’. In the database, the aggregated values have been put under ‘commercial’ in thedatabase. In Table 7 the export of biomass is subdivided into ‘EU’ and ’non-EU’. In the databaseboth categories have been merged. The units have not been explicitly mentioned for category (A),it is assumed that the units are in line with the Template (m3). Moreover, two values are reportedfor C1 (biodegradable fraction of municipal solid waste including biowaste). The value enteredinto the database is 50% of the waste incineration plus the amount of digestion input. In Table 7afor category B2 (by-products and processed residues from agriculture and fisheries) a value fordry and wet mass is provided. The dry mass value has been included in the database. In Table8 (land used for other energy crops) France reports the value to be negligable, which has beeninterpreted as zero in the database. In Template Tables 10a/b the capacity for pumped storagehydropower has been added to total hydropower, which is not according to the template. In Table11 renewable energy from heat pumps aggregate values have been specified for geothermal andhydrothermal sources. In the database these values are reported under ‘geothermal’. In Table 2the value for S2005 has been adapted. According to the Directive a value of 10.3% should bereported, but a value of 9.6% is mentioned. The latter corresponds to the value provided for 2005in Table 3. This lower value has been used as an input for calculating the indicative trajectory,which results in different reference values, see Table 26 of the current report.

1.5.11 Italy

Template Table 6 has been completed in a different way than has been done for the other countries:all categories add up to 100% instead of providing per-sector shares.

1.5.12 Cyprus

In Template Table 4b row J values reported in percentages instead of ktoe. No values have beenentered into the database for this category. In Template Table 6 ‘industry’ and ‘services’ areaggregated. In Table 7 imports from EU and non-EU countries have been aggregated.

1.5.13 Latvia

Template Table 6 mixes renewable electricity and renewable heat, which cannot be entered intothe database. Template Table 7 does not match the prescribed format and has not been considered.Template Tables 7a, 8 and 9 are missing.

1.5.14 Lithuania

Template Table 6 is not reported on. For Template Table 7 it is unclear in what unit is reportedfor ‘Amount of domestic resource’. It is assumed for the database that all data are in m3. In Tem-plate Table 10a/b there is no subdivision made for hydropower below 10 MW. In the database thereported category ‘<10 MW’ is entered in the database category ‘1 – 10 MW’ and the category‘<1 MW’ is reported ‘not available’. The value for onshore and total wind power in 2017 is re-ported as ‘5000 MW’ while both 2016 and 2018 are reported ‘500 MW’, with energy productions

ECN-E--10-069 33


similar for all three years. This obvious typing error is corrected in the database: the 2017 valueis put at ‘500 MW’. In Template Table 11 no subcategorisation is specified for heat pumps. InTemplate Table 12 total values differ slightly from the sum of the individual contributions. Onlyfor the year 2019 this is large: the value reported is 19% higher than calculated. In the database,the reported value has been entered.

1.5.15 Luxembourg

In Template Table 7 EU-import and non-EU-import have been aggregated.

1.5.16 Hungary

In Template Table 2 the Hungarian target value is 13% (table entry B), but in the NREAP theprojected value of 14.65% is reported. In the database the target value of 13% has been entered.A minor deviation occurred for the trajectory value for the period 2015-2016: 8.21% was reportedinstead of the calculated value 8.22%. In the Hungarian NREAP Template Table 6 is not reportedand Template Tables 7/7a have the energy content reported in PJ instead of ktoe. In TemplateTables 10a/b and 11 no data are specified for the year 2005.

1.5.17 Malta

Template Table 6 could not be entered into the database as the categorisation doesn’t correspondto Template. Template Table 10a/b specify ‘small wind’ separately. The values have been addedto ‘onshore wind’ in the database.

1.5.18 Netherlands

In Template Tables 7, 10a/b, 11 and 12 only subcategory data have been reported, these havebeen summed and entered into the database. In Template Table 7 category C1 also specifies anadditional amount of landfill gas (1.9 TJ) which has not been covered in the subtotal in ton ns(wet basis). In Template Table 11 an additional energy carrier is introduced: bio-SNG for gridfeed-in. This option has been entered under the same name in the database.

1.5.19 Austria

The in NREAP calculated historic overal share of renewables for 2005 differs from the value inAnnex I of the Directive. For the year 2005 the value from Template Tables 2 is thus not equal tothe value in Template Table 3.

1.5.20 Poland

In Template Table 1 the unit is Mtoe instead of ktoe. In Template Table 6 ‘commercial’ alsocomprises the ‘industrial’ sector. In Template Tables 7 and 7a different units have been applied,in Template Table 7a also a different categorisation. For Template Table 9 the categories of thePolish Action Plan do not match the template: data have not been entered into the database. InTemplate Tables 10a and 10b an additional category has been defined for wind power: ‘małeinstalacje’ is assumed to be ‘small installations’ or micro-turbines, but the category is not consid-ered in the database and ‘onshore wind’ and ‘total wind’ will not be equal (the difference beingmicro-turbines for 2005 – 2019).

34 ECN-E--10-069


1.5.21 Portugal

Most table numbers in the Action Plan do not correspond to the numbers in the Template.InTemplate Table 2 the 2005 share of renewable energy does not correspond to the value in AnnexA of the Directive (for example reported is 19.8% while Annex I mentions 20.5%). Also thetrajectory from the Template Table 3 differs from the calucalated trajectory. For details see Table37 on page 46 in the current report.

1.5.22 Romania

Table 3 has been reported in multiple tables: in the database these tables have been merged.Table 4b has been reported in a different layout. This has been adjusted to match the Template.Percentages in Table 6 sum to 100% for each year instead of indicating the share of renewableenergy per subsector. Moreover, series for ‘Commercial’ and ‘Public’ have been aggregated into‘Services’. In the database these aggregate values have been reported under ‘Commercial’ while‘Public’ has been defined as not available. Finally, Table 11 (renewable heating) and Table 12(renewable transport) have not been reported.

1.5.23 Slovenia

Minor deviations from Annex I of the Directive for the calculated renewable share in 2005 andthe trajectory (2015 – 2019, see Table 39 on page 46 in the current report).

1.5.24 Slovakia

Problems occur in Template Table 7 and 7a regarding the units used, the availability of (sub)totalsand incomplete data. Countardictory information is provided in a separate table (10c) on electric-ity from pumped storage installations. Data from Table 10c in the Slovak Action Plan have beenintegrated in Template Table 10a and 10b for use in the database.

1.5.25 Finland

For Template Table 1 only one scenario is reported. The data are assumed to refer to the ‘Addi-tional energy efficiency scenario’. Template Tables 7a and 8 are not reported on. In Table 12 thetotal for the year 2010 is not equal to the sum of the categories.

1.5.26 Sweden

In Template Tables 7 different units have been applied. In Template Table 8, the category ‘Landused for other energy crops’ a nonnumerical value of ‘less than 1000 ha’ (<1000) has beenentered into the database (the English translation however simply mentions ‘1000’). In TemplateTables 10a/b the capacity and energy for pumped storage hydropower has been added to totalhydropower, which is not according to the template. In Template Tables 10a/b and 11 the valuesfor liquid biomass seem not to to be added to the ‘total biomass’ category. Because they do appearto be included in the total value, no changes have been made regarding the database.

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1.5.27 United Kingdom

Subcategorisation for hydropower differs from Template Table 10a/b, the breakdown has 20 MWas a reference value for most hydropower plants. This different subcategorisation cannot beconsidered in the database. Total values have been calculated for the period 2010 – 2020 byadding both provided categories. In Template Table 9 a deficit is reported, is which probablydefined for a two-year period. As this does not meet the database format, the values have beenattributed to the first years of the period mentioned (2011, 2013 and 2015). A formatting issuegives several values defined under ‘district heating’ and ‘biomass in households’ in TemplateTable 11 (2016 and 2020).

1.6 A living document

All European Member States have been published an NREAP and all have been included in thisreport. Still, updates of the data report and database are possible, for instance to present thatadditional graphs, tables or indicators, or to correct erroneous data in the databse. The readermight recognise that the graphs in the current report are not available on the level of individ-ual technologies (for example onshore and offshore wind power) but only address the aggregatetechnologies (wind power in this example). The breakdown tables however do specify on theindividual technologies for primary data, but not (yet) for secondary data, the derived indicators.Requests for additional cross-sections of the database or new indicators can be communicated [email protected]. Also corrections or other remarks remain welcome.

1.7 Changes compared to previous versions of the report

In this release of the data report and database (fourth version, dated 1 February 2011 and cover-ing all 27 Member States) Hungary is the last and final country added. A few conceptual changeshave occured in this update. To begin, this version of the report includes a section on gross finalenergy consumption for two scenarios (see page 50) and a section on the aggregated renewableenergy data as reported in the NREAPs (see page 68). Secondly, the ‘one-page overview tables’at the last section of the report have been modified: they now also express the share of the renew-able technologies relative to the sector-specific final demand and total final demand, resulting infour columns lising percentages (see footnotes a to d for an explanation). Thirdly, data rangesin principle were not reported (this mainly concerned Template Table 7 and 7a in the database).In the fourth version of the database the ranges have been entered in the database separated bythe word ‘to’: ‘minimum value to maximum value’. This is the case for Germany (also Table 12,‘bio-ethanol/bio-ETBE’ and ‘other biofuels’), France and Cyprus (the Netherlands already fea-tures data ranges in the second version of the database). France: in Template Table 7 the export ofbiomass is subdivided into ‘EU’ and ’non-EU’. In the database both categories have been mergedstarting from the fourth version. Also in the fourth version a change has been made to the data forDenmark in Template Table 1: previously the data series under ‘Total transport (excl. electricity)’was reported, which has been changed into the data series reported under ‘Transport, cf. Article3(4) (a)’.

In the third release of the data report and database, dated 13 December 2010 and covering 26Member States) five countries have been added: Belgium, Estonia, Latvia, Poland and Slovakia.In this version a few errors were discovered. In the Polish NREAP Template Table 1 has a unitof Mtoe instead of ktoe, which was overlooked in the third version of the database, resulting ina factor 1000 lower energy use. A typing error occurred for Finland in Template Table 1: the‘additional efficiency scenario’ in 2017 erroneously was mentioned as ‘2770’ instead of ‘27770’ktoe.

36 ECN-E--10-069

mailto:[email protected]


In the third version several errors were present, which have all been corrected in the fourth ver-sion. In Template Table 1 for Poland typing errors occured for the ‘reference scenario’ for ‘heat-ing and cooling’ in 2018 (‘32400 ktoe’ was reported instead of ‘43200 ktoe’) and for ’electricity’in 2016 (‘17500 ktoe’ was reported instead of ‘15700 ktoe’). Also the value for ‘electricity’ inthe ‘additional energy efficiency scenario’ was wrong for 2019 (‘13400 ktoe’ was reported in-stead of ‘14300 ktoe’) as well as the value for ‘transport’ in 2012 (‘12700 ktoe’ was reportedinstead of ‘17200 ktoe’). In Template Table 4b for Poland the value in 2016 was not correct forrow (J) ‘RES contribution to transport for the RES-T target (including double counting)’ (‘1235ktoe’ was reported instead of ‘1523 ktoe’). Furthermore, several data-problems occured for hy-dropower. Non-zero values were reported previously for pumped storage hydropower in Slovakia,but this should be a zero contribution. In Estonia pumped storage hydropower is available from2017 onwards, which was not in the database. The value for ‘hydropower 1 MW –10 MW’ inFrance in 2020 was incorrect (1897 instead of 1807). The electricity production for Portugal in2012 was reported ‘854 GWh’ instead of ‘10854 GWh’. Finally, the value for ‘hydropower >10MW’ in Slovenia in 2020 was not correct (1194 instead of 1176). All these errors have beencorrected in the fourth version of the database and in the report. Typing errors in other entries:for Lithuania the value for onshore and total wind power in 2017 has been changed into ‘500MW’ instead of ‘5000 MW’ (see Section 1.5.14). For Finland an error occured for the entry‘solid biomass’ in renewable heat (Template Table 11) for the year 2012, where ‘6040 ktoe’ wasreported instead of ‘3040 ktoe’. For France the 2012 value for ‘Total biomass in households’ inrenewable heat was changed from ‘645’ into ‘6945’. In the fourth version of the database anddata report these errors all have been corrected.

For the second version of the data report and database (dated 1 October 2010 and covering 21Member States) several users of the report and database have reported data-issues. These wereall corrected in the third version. In the database for Portugal in Template Table 1 wrong datawere entered for 2005 - 2015 and no data for 2015 - 2020, which resulted in problems in the‘Country table’ for Portugal in the data report. For France, a data mismatch occured for thefinal consumption in aviation and for the last row presenting the total consumption after aviationreduction in Template Table 1 (wrong data for 2005 - 2016 and no data for 2016 - 2020). Forthe Netherlands, in the database a typing error occured in template Table 7 for the ‘ktoe’ entryfor ‘Agriculture and fisheries (by-products)’ referring to the year 2006. For the same year thevalue for primary energy production in category ‘Waste (municipal)’ was corrected to ‘67 ktoe’(12 + 9 + 46) resulting in a subtotal of ‘1354 ktoe’ for category ‘Biomass from waste’. The Dutchdata for Template Table 7a were reported in data ranges that have been included starting from thethird version of the database. Subtotals for template Table 7a were calculated and entered intothe database in ranges if applicable. For Finland a typing error has been corrected in the thirdversion of the report and database in template Table 12: for the year 2013 an amount of ‘140ktoe’ was reported for biodiesel, this has been corrected into ‘240 ktoe’. For Spain a typing erroroccured in Template Table 1: the figure for ‘heating and cooling’ in 2010 was reported ‘3334’but should be ‘33340’, which resulted in a data problem in the ‘Country table’ of the data report.An obvious error occurs for Greece in Template Table 1: the data series for ‘Total consumptionafter reduction for aviation limit’ is equal to the series in ‘Final consumption in aviation’. Thefirst and second version of the data report and database simply reported the erroneous values (inthe data report visible in the ‘Country table’ for Greece). In the database no data will be reportedfor ‘Total consumption after reduction for aviation limit’ from the third version onwards.

In the section containing the ‘Country tables’ (page 149 and further) several countries were con-cerned as a result of the following two problems. Firstly, the value for ‘target 2020’ in the figuretitles erroneously referred to the (rounded) value of the achieved share of renewables insteadof the Annex I target value. Moreover, in the rows for the ‘Co-operation mechanisms’ the val-ues from template Table 4a ’Transfer of RES from other Member States and 3rd countries’ and’Transfer of RES to other Member States’ were swapped.

ECN-E--10-069 37


In the database values in Template Table 7a were indicated as referring to 2006 instead of 2020.This has been corrected in the database version of 13 December 2010.

In the first version of the data report (dated 10 September 2010 and covering 19 Member States)a problem occured in the country tables (page 149 up to the end of the document): the data entriesfor ‘Other biofuels’ in the category ‘Renewable production’ in ‘Transport’ erroneously have beenput at ‘n.a.’ for all countries. This has been corrected in the second version, for the country tableand as a result for the country figures as well (where applicable).

For Ireland data updates were communicated by an Irish Government representative. This regardstemplate Table 7a (values for 2020 (B1 / B2 / total B) changed to 335 / 440 / 775 ktoe) andtemplate Table 11: values for Solid Biomass for 2016 and 2017 have been adjusted to 394 and399 ktoe.

38 ECN-E--10-069

2 Targets and trajectories

Annex I of Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources(23 April 2009)9 is composed of two important parts. Part A specifies the national overall targetsfor the share of energy from renewable sources for the year 2020 and a reference value for the year2005. Part B defines by means of formulas an indicative trajectory for each Member State, thatmust be attained or exceeded in the reference years specified. As mentioned in Article 3.1 of theDirective, these mandatory national overall targets are consistent with a target of at least a 20%share of energy from renewable sources in the European Community’s gross final consumptionof energy in 2020.

In the current section the country-specific values for the reference values, the intermediate valuesand the final 2020 target for the individual Member States are presented. Table 15 shows the datafrom Annex I for all countries explicitly. Table 16 compares the 2005 and 2020 data from AnnexI to the values from the NREAP documents. Both 2005 and 2020 values may vary; the first dueto problems in reproducing the historic value and the latter for example by not reaching or byexceeding the target. Data from Table 16 are graphically displayed in Figure 2.

In Tables 18 to 43 the information from the abovementioned tables is compared on a per-countrybasis. It allows to see whether the trajectory is being met according to the NREAP documents.

9Directive 2009/28/EC is available from the Transparency Platform on renewable energy (http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/transparency_platform/transparency_platform_en.htm). The direct link to the document in all Eu-ropean languages is http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009L0028:EN:NOT

Table 15: Renewable energy shares from Annex I of the Directive [%]

Reference Indicative trajectory Target2005 2011-2012 2013-2014 2015-2016 2017-2018 2020

[%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%]Belgium 2.2 4.4 5.4 7.1 9.2 13Bulgaria 9.4 10.7 11.4 12.4 13.7 16Czech Republic 6.1 7.5 8.2 9.2 10.6 13Denmark 17.0 19.6 20.9 22.9 25.5 30Germany 5.8 8.2 9.5 11.3 13.7 18Estonia 18.0 19.4 20.1 21.2 22.6 25Ireland 3.1 5.7 7.0 8.9 11.5 16Greece 6.9 9.1 10.2 11.9 14.1 18Spain 8.7 11.0 12.1 13.8 16.0 20France 10.3 12.8 14.1 16.0 18.6 23Italy 5.2 7.6 8.7 10.5 12.9 17Cyprus 2.9 4.9 5.9 7.4 9.5 13Latvia 32.6 34.1 34.8 35.9 37.4 40Lithuania 15.0 16.6 17.4 18.6 20.2 23Luxembourg 0.9 2.9 3.9 5.4 7.5 11Hungary 4.3 6.0 6.9 8.2 10.0 13Malta 0.0 2.0 3.0 4.5 6.5 10Netherlands 2.4 4.7 5.9 7.6 9.9 14Austria 23.3 25.4 26.5 28.1 30.3 34Poland 7.2 8.8 9.5 10.7 12.3 15Portugal 20.5 22.6 23.7 25.2 27.3 31Romania 17.8 19.0 19.7 20.6 21.8 24Slovenia 16.0 17.8 18.7 20.1 21.9 25Slovakia 6.7 8.2 8.9 10.0 11.4 14Finland 28.5 30.4 31.4 32.8 34.7 38Sweden 39.8 41.6 42.6 43.9 45.8 49United Kingdom 1.3 4.0 5.4 7.5 10.2 15All percentages originate from Annex I of Directive 2009/28/EC. The indicative trajectory has been calculated fromPart B of the Annex

ECN-E--10-069 39

http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/transparency_platform/transparency_platform_en.htm

http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/transparency_platform/transparency_platform_en.htm


Targets and trajectories 1 FEB 2011

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[%]2005 (Annex I of Directive 2009/28/EC)

2005 (calculated in NREAP)

2020 (Annex I of Directive 2009/28/EC)

2020 (projected in NREAP)

Figure 2: Renewable energy shares according to Annex I of Directive 2009/28/EC andaccording to the NREAP documents (Table 3 of the Template)

Table 16: Renewable energy shares according to Annex I of Directive 2009/28/EC andaccording to the NREAP documents (Table 3 of the Template)

2005 2020

Target NREAP Target NREAP[%] [%] [%] [%]

Belgium 2.2 2.2 13.0 13.0Bulgaria 9.4 9.3 16.0 16.0Czech Republic 6.1 6.1 13.0 13.5Denmark 17.0 16.5 30.0 30.0Germany 5.8 6.5 18.0 19.6Estonia 18.0 16.6 25.0 25.0Ireland 3.1 3.1 16.0 16.0Greece 6.9 7.0 18.0 18.0Spain 8.7 8.3 20.0 22.7France 10.3 9.6 23.0 23.0Italy 5.2 4.9 17.0 17.0Cyprus 2.9 2.9 13.0 13.0Latvia 32.6 32.6 40.0 40.0Lithuania 15.0 15.0 23.0 24.0Luxembourg 0.9 0.9 11.0 11.0Hungary 4.3 4.2 13.0 14.7Malta 0.0 n.a. 10.0 10.2Netherlands 2.4 2.5 14.0 14.5Austria 23.3 24.4 34.0 34.2Poland 7.2 n.a. 15.0 15.5Portugal 20.5 19.8 31.0 31.0Romania 17.8 17.9 24.0 24.0Slovenia 16.0 16.2 25.0 25.3Slovakia 6.7 6.7 14.0 14.0Finland 28.5 28.8 38.0 38.0Sweden 39.8 39.7 49.0 50.2United Kingdom 1.3 1.4 15.0 15.0

Both reference (due to problems in reproduing the historic value) and target (for example by not reaching or by ex-ceeding it) may vary between Annex I of the Directive and the data from the NREAP documents

40 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Targets and trajectories

Table 17: Belgium: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC

Period Annex I part B NREAP

Template Table 3 First year Second year Average[%] [%] [%] [%] [%]

2011-2012 4.4 4.4 4.4 5.2 4.82013-2014 5.4 5.4 5.8 6.8 6.32015-2016 7.1 7.1 7.5 8.6 8.12017-2018 9.2 9.2 9.5 10.7 10.12020 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0

For more detail on Belgium see the country factsheet on page 185. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 18: Bulgaria: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.72013-2014 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.42015-2016 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.42017-2018 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.72020 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0

For more detail on Bulgaria see the country factsheet on page 187. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 19: Czech Republic: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] forthe reference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 7.5 7.5 9.4 10.1 9.82013-2014 8.2 8.2 10.8 11.3 11.12015-2016 9.2 9.2 11.8 12.1 12.02017-2018 10.6 10.6 12.5 12.9 12.72020 13.0 13.0 13.5 13.5

For more detail on Czech Republic see the country factsheet on page 189. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template,prepared by the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 20: Denmark: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 19.6 19.6 19.2 19.2 19.22013-2014 20.9 20.9 20.5 20.5 20.52015-2016 22.9 22.9 22.6 22.6 22.62017-2018 25.5 25.5 25.3 25.3 25.32020 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0

For more detail on Denmark see the country factsheet on page 191. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template,prepared by the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

ECN-E--10-069 41










Table 21: Germany: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 8.2 8.2 10.8 11.4 11.12013-2014 9.5 9.5 12.0 12.8 12.42015-2016 11.3 11.3 13.5 14.4 14.02017-2018 13.7 13.7 15.7 16.7 16.22020 18.0 18.0 19.6 19.6

For more detail on Germany see the country factsheet on page 193. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template,prepared by the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 22: Estonia: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 19.4 19.4 21.2 22.0 21.62013-2014 20.1 20.1 23.3 23.4 23.42015-2016 21.2 21.2 23.6 23.7 23.72017-2018 22.6 22.6 24.2 24.5 24.42020 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0

For more detail on Estonia see the country factsheet on page 195. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 23: Ireland: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 5.7 5.7 8.1 9.0 8.62013-2014 7.0 7.0 10.5 11.0 10.82015-2016 8.9 8.9 11.8 12.2 12.02017-2018 11.5 11.5 12.9 14.0 13.52020 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0

For more detail on Ireland see the country factsheet on page 197. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 24: Greece: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 9.1 9.1 8.8 9.5 9.22013-2014 10.2 10.2 9.9 10.5 10.22015-2016 11.9 11.9 11.4 12.4 11.92017-2018 14.1 14.1 13.7 14.6 14.22020 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0

For more detail on Greece see the country factsheet on page 199. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

42 ECN-E--10-069










Table 25: Spain: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 11.0 11.0 14.2 14.8 14.52013-2014 12.1 12.1 15.4 16.5 16.02015-2016 13.8 13.8 17.4 18.3 17.92017-2018 16.0 16.1 19.4 20.4 19.92020 20.0 20.0 22.7 22.7

For more detail on Spain see the country factsheet on page 201. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 26: France: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 12.8 12.2 13.5 14.0 13.82013-2014 14.1 13.5 15.0 16.0 15.52015-2016 16.0 15.5 17.0 18.0 17.52017-2018 18.6 18.3 19.5 20.5 20.02020 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0

For more detail on France see the country factsheet on page 203. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 27: Italy: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 7.6 7.6 8.7 9.2 9.02013-2014 8.7 8.7 9.9 10.5 10.22015-2016 10.5 10.5 11.2 12.0 11.62017-2018 12.9 12.9 12.9 13.8 13.42020 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0

For more detail on Italy see the country factsheet on page 205. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 28: Cyprus: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 4.9 4.9 6.8 7.1 7.02013-2014 5.9 5.9 7.8 8.4 8.12015-2016 7.4 7.5 9.0 9.7 9.42017-2018 9.5 9.5 10.4 11.2 10.82020 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0

For more detail on Cyprus see the country factsheet on page 207. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

ECN-E--10-069 43










Table 29: Latvia: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 34.1 34.1 33.8 34.3 34.12013-2014 34.8 34.8 34.7 35.0 34.92015-2016 35.9 35.9 35.6 36.3 36.02017-2018 37.4 37.4 37.0 37.7 37.42020 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0

For more detail on Latvia see the country factsheet on page 209. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 30: Lithuania: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 16.6 16.6 17.0 18.0 17.52013-2014 17.4 17.4 19.0 20.0 19.52015-2016 18.6 18.6 21.0 22.0 21.52017-2018 20.2 20.2 24.0 24.0 24.02020 23.0 23.0 24.0 24.0

For more detail on Lithuania see the country factsheet on page 211. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template,prepared by the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 31: Luxembourg: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.92013-2014 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.92015-2016 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.42017-2018 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.52020 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0

For more detail on Luxembourg see the country factsheet on page 213. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template,prepared by the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 32: Hungary: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 6.0 6.0 7.3 7.4 7.42013-2014 6.9 6.9 7.5 8.0 7.82015-2016 8.2 8.2 8.3 9.3 8.82017-2018 10.0 10.0 10.7 12.3 11.52020 13.0 13.0 14.7 14.7

For more detail on Hungary see the country factsheet on page 215. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

44 ECN-E--10-069










Table 33: Malta: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.52013-2014 3.0 3.0 3.8 5.4 4.62015-2016 4.5 4.5 5.5 6.8 6.22017-2018 6.5 6.5 9.7 9.6 9.72020 10.0 10.0 10.2 10.2

For more detail on Malta see the country factsheet on page 217. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 34: Netherlands: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 4.7 4.7 4.6 5.6 5.12013-2014 5.9 5.9 6.6 7.7 7.22015-2016 7.6 7.6 8.5 9.7 9.12017-2018 9.9 9.9 10.9 12.1 11.52020 14.0 14.0 14.5 14.5

For more detail on Netherlands see the country factsheet on page 219. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template,prepared by the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 35: Austria: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 25.4 25.4 31.1 31.4 31.32013-2014 26.5 26.5 31.6 31.9 31.82015-2016 28.1 28.1 32.1 32.4 32.32017-2018 30.3 30.3 32.8 33.2 33.02020 34.0 34.0 34.2 34.2

For more detail on Austria see the country factsheet on page 221. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 36: Poland: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 8.8 8.8 10.1 10.6 10.32013-2014 9.5 9.5 11.1 11.5 11.32015-2016 10.7 10.7 11.9 12.5 12.22017-2018 12.3 12.3 13.1 13.8 13.52020 15.0 15.0 15.5 15.5

For more detail on Poland see the country factsheet on page 223. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

ECN-E--10-069 45










Table 37: Portugal: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 22.6 22.0 25.2 26.9 26.12013-2014 23.7 23.1 27.1 27.4 27.32015-2016 25.2 24.8 28.4 28.9 28.72017-2018 27.3 27.1 29.7 30.6 30.22020 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0

For more detail on Portugal see the country factsheet on page 225. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 38: Romania: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 19.0 19.0 18.0 19.0 18.52013-2014 19.7 19.7 19.4 19.7 19.62015-2016 20.6 20.6 20.1 20.6 20.42017-2018 21.8 21.8 21.2 21.8 21.52020 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0

For more detail on Romania see the country factsheet on page 227. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 39: Slovenia: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 17.8 17.8 18.2 18.7 18.52013-2014 18.7 18.7 19.5 20.1 19.82015-2016 20.1 20.0 21.2 21.8 21.52017-2018 21.9 21.8 22.4 23.6 23.02020 25.0 25.0 25.3 25.3

For more detail on Slovenia see the country factsheet on page 229. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 40: Slovakia: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.22013-2014 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.92015-2016 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.02017-2018 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.42020 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0

For more detail on Slovakia see the country factsheet on page 231. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

46 ECN-E--10-069










Table 41: Finland: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 30.4 30.4 30.1 31.0 30.62013-2014 31.4 31.4 31.6 32.2 31.92015-2016 32.8 32.8 32.6 33.6 33.12017-2018 34.7 34.7 34.7 35.7 35.22020 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0

For more detail on Finland see the country factsheet on page 233. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 42: Sweden: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] for thereference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 41.6 41.6 44.2 44.9 44.62013-2014 42.6 42.6 45.6 46.3 46.02015-2016 43.9 43.9 47.0 47.7 47.42017-2018 45.8 45.8 48.3 49.0 48.72020 49.0 49.0 50.2 50.2

For more detail on Sweden see the country factsheet on page 235. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template, preparedby the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

Table 43: United Kingdom: indicative trajectory for the overall renewable energy share [%] forthe reference years as mentioned in Annex I part B of Directive 2009/28/EC



2011-2012 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.02013-2014 5.4 5.4 5.0 6.0 5.52015-2016 7.5 7.5 7.0 8.0 7.52017-2018 10.2 10.2 9.0 11.0 10.02020 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0

For more detail on United Kingdom see the country factsheet on page 237. The reference to Table 3 is to the Template,prepared by the European Commission and available for download at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009D0548:EN:NOT

ECN-E--10-069 47







Gross final energy consumption

ECN-E--10-069 49

Gross final energy consumption 1 FEB 2011

This section presents the gross final energy data as presented in Template Table 1. This table inthe Template gives expected gross final energy consumption in heating and cooling, electricityand transport. Starting with an identical value for the base year 2005, two scenarios are available:a ‘reference scenario’ and an ‘additional energy efficiency scenario’. The gross final energyconsumption for the purpose of measuring target compliance and evaluating the indicative tra-jectory (see Table 15 on page 39) is corrected for those Member States that have a large shareof aviation in their gross final consumption of energy (see Article 5.6 in the Renewable EnergyDirective (2009/28/EC)10. The amount by which these countries exceed one-and-a-half times theEuropean Community average gross final consumption of energy in aviation in 2005 will be par-tially exempted. This results in a value ‘before aviation reduction’ and an a value ‘after aviationreduction’, which have been reported in separate tables in this report.

As not all Member States apply the aviation reduction, the set of tables is not filled for eachcountry. Unavailable data are replaced by data matching most closely. The countries withoutReference scenario’ (Finland, the Netherlands and Slovenia) will report the series for ‘Additionalenergy efficiency’ for both scenarios. Member States without an ‘aviation reduction’ report thevalues without the reduction only, also in the table ‘after aviation reduction’. Doing so, the sumof all countries can be detemined even in the case of data unavailability.

Table 44 indicates the availability of the scenarios and the aviation reduction for each MemberState.

10At http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009L0028:EN:NOT the Renewable En-ergy Directive is available for download

50 ECN-E--10-069


1 FEB 2011 Gross final energy consumption

Tabl

e44

:Ava

ilabi

lity

ofsc

enar

ios

and

the

avia

tion

redu

ctio

nfo

rea

chM

embe

rSt

ate.

Una

vaila

ble

data

are

repl

aced

byda

tam

atch

ing

mos

tclo

sely

inor

der

tore

port

the

sum

ofal

lcou

ntri

es.

Fina

lcon

sum

ptio

nH

eatin

gan

dco

olin

gE

lect

rici

tyTr

ansp

ort

Tota

lbef

ore

avia

tion

Tota

laft

erav

iatio

nR

efer

ence

Effi

cien

cyR

efer

ence

Effi

cien

cyR

efer

ence

Effi

cien

cyR

efer

ence

Effi

cien

cyR

efer

ence

Effi

cien

cyTa

ble

(pag

e)47

(54)

48(5

5)45

(52)

46(5

3)49

(56)

50(5

7)51

(58)

52(5

9)53

(60)

54(6

1)B

elgi

umx

xx

xx

xx

xn.

a.n.

a.B

ulga

ria

xx

xx

xx

xx

n.a.

n.a.

Cze

chR

epub

licx

xx

xx

xx

xn.

a.n.

a.D

enm

ark

xx

xx

xx

xx

xx

Ger

man

yx

xx

xx

xx

xn.

a.n.

a.E

ston

iax

xx

xx

xx

xn.

a.x

Irel

and

xx

xx

xx

xx

xx

Gre

ece

xx

xx

xx

xx

n.a.

n.a.

Spai

nx

xx

xx

xx

xx

n.a.

Fran

cex

xx

xx

xx

xn.

a.x

Ital

yx

xx

xx

xx

xn.

a.n.

a.C

ypru

sx

xx

xx

xx

xx

xL

atvi

ax

xx

xx

xx

xn.

a.n.

a.L

ithua

nia

xx

xx

xx

xx

n.a.

n.a.

Lux

embo

urg

xx

xx

xx

xx

xx

Hun

gary

xx

xx

xx

xx

n.a.

n.a.

Mal

tax

xx

xx

xx

xn.

a.n.

a.N

ethe

rlan

dsn.

a.x

n.a.

xn.

a.x

n.a.

xn.

a.x

Aus

tria

xx

xx

xx

xx

n.a.

n.a.

Pola

ndx

xx

xx

xx

xn.

a.n.

a.Po

rtug

alx

xx

xx

xx

xn.

a.x

Rom

ania

xx

xx

xx

xx

n.a.

n.a.

Slov

enia

n.a.

xn.

a.x

n.a.

xn.

a.x

n.a.

n.a.

Slov

akia

xx

xx

xx

xx

n.a.

n.a.

Finl

and

n.a.

xn.

a.x

n.a.

xn.

a.x

n.a.

n.a.

Swed

enx

xx

xx

xx

xn.

a.n.

a.U

nite

dK

ingd

omx

xx

xx

xx

xx

x

ECN-E--10-069 51

Final consumption electricity (reference scenario) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

Table45:Totalfinalenergy

consumption

[ktoe]electricity

forthe

referencescenario

Scenario2005

20102011

20122013

20142015

20162017

20182019

20202020

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[%]

Belgium

Reference

scenario7912

86708822

89739125

92769428

95399651

97629874

99853

Bulgaria

Reference

scenario3129

31303174

32183263

33093355

34023450

34983547

35971

Czech

Republic

Reference

scenario6014

61516338

64806621

67616903

70397189

73097427

75632

Denm

arkR

eferencescenario

31663144

31993247

33083367

34183454

34833507

35363564

1G

ermany

Reference

scenario51813

5197352063

5223252331

5245452554

5268952728

5276752733

5262716

Estonia

Reference

scenario738

829842

856869

883896

892907

921936

9510

IrelandR

eferencescenario

23412511

25252574

26322697

27642806

28402872

29042937

1G

reeceR

eferencescenario

54865061

53485376

54295456

54805586

57275842

60536179

2Spain

Reference

scenario25080

2505625616

2642827571

2858929647

3092632072

3327134517

3581611

FranceR

eferencescenario

4531747378

4779048202

4861549027

4943949851

5026350676

5108851500

16Italy

Reference

scenario29749

2950529908

3034430814

3131731853

3242333025

3366234331

3503411

Cyprus

Reference

scenario374

464486

508530

551573

595617

639661

6830

Latvia

Reference

scenario581

588603

618636

657686

733764

795827

8600

Lithuania

Reference

scenario985

913940

9731005

10291053

10751097

11331168

12040

Luxem

bourgR

eferencescenario

567553

556559

562565

568574

581588

595602

0H

ungaryR

eferencescenario

36093682

38013922

40014089

41694245

43164383

44444506

1M

altaR

eferencescenario

n.a.226

231238

245251

258265

271277

284291

0N

etherlandsA

dditionalefficiency10347

1062710743

1086010976

1109311210

1130411398

1149311587

116814

Austria

Reference

scenario5725

56345709

57955892

59916091

61996308

64256545

66662

PolandR

eferencescenario

n.a.12900

1340014000

1440014900

1530015700

1620016600

1710017400

5Portugal

Reference

scenario4558

47304748

47834825

48475076

52015327

55935655

57212

Rom

aniaR

eferencescenario

46015350

57105864

59946066

61896445

67406980

72117439

2Slovenia

Additionalefficiency

12721196

12161235

12541274

12931303

13121322

13321342

0Slovakia

Reference

scenario2412

24602603

26502698

27472796

28462898

29503003

30571

FinlandA


75507770

78807990

81008210

83108400

85008640

87403

Sweden

Reference

scenario12987

1365013783

1391514048

1418114314

1444614579

1471214844

149775

United

Kingdom

Reference

scenario32100

3180032000

3230032600

3290033100

3330033500

3370033900

3420010

AllM

emberStates

(total)M

ixedscenarios

268393285731

289924294030

298234302377

306623311148

315643320177

324742329122

100

FortheN

etherlands,Sloveniaand

Finlandthe

‘Reference

scenario’isnotavailable.Forthese

Mem

berStates,projectionshave

beentaken

asreported

forthe‘A

dditionalefficiencyscenario’,see

Table46.

ForM

altaand

Polandno

dataare

availablefor

theyear

2005.C

onsequently,thevalue

reportedhere

asE

Utotalin

2005is

actuallythe

valuefor

theE

Um

inusM

altaand

Poland(together

13.1M

toe).

52 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Final consumption electricity (additional energy efficiency) [ktoe]

Tabl

e46

:Fin

alen

ergy

cons

umpt

ion

[kto

e]fo

rel

ectr

icity

for

the

addi

tiona

lene

rgy

effic

ienc

ysc

enar

ioSc

enar

io20

0520

1020

1120

1220

1320

1420

1520

1620

1720

1820

1920

2020

20[k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][%

]

Bel

gium

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

7912

8371

8462

8554

8646

8737

8829

8968

9108

9247

9387

9526

3B

ulga

ria

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

3129

3130

3164

3182

3181

3175

3171

3163

3155

3148

3144

3148

1C

zech

Rep

ublic

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

6014

6036

6210

6329

6449

6568

6697

6807

6927

7022

7118

7232

2D

enm

ark

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

3166

3108

3130

3148

3179

3214

3234

3237

3235

3233

3238

3247

1G

erm

any

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

5181

351

925

5183

051

615

5135

251

089

5058

850

229

4979

949

346

4884

448

317

16E

ston

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y73

882

984

085

186

287

388

488

089

490

992

393

80

Irel

and

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

2341

2473

2469

2500

2540

2587

2636

2677

2713

2746

2779

2813

1G

reec

eA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y54

8650

6152

1552

0952

2752

1752

8553

4554

9055

8357

5258

872

Spai

nA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y25

080

2505

625

513

2610

526

951

2759

328

264

2914

029

863

3062

531

421

3226

911

Fran

ceA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y45

317

4584

945

955

4606

246

168

4627

546

381

4648

746

594

4670

046

807

4691

315

Ital

yA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y29

749

3070

130

856

3100

931

161

3131

331

465

3161

831

770

3192

232

075

3222

711

Cyp

rus

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

374

463

480

497

514

531

548

564

581

598

615

633

0L

atvi

aA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y58

158

459

660

862

063

364

666

568

470

472

574

60

Lith

uani

aA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y98

591

193

797

010

0210

2510

4810

6910

9011

2411

5811

930

Lux

embo

urg

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

567

549

548

547

546

545

544

549

554

559

564

569

0H

unga

ryA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y36

0936

7537

8538

9839

6940

4741

1841

8542

4743

0843

6344

181

Mal

taA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yn.

a.21

522

022

623

223

824

424

925

425

926

527

00

Net

herl

ands

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

1034

710

627

1074

310

860

1097

611

093

1121

011

304

1139

811

493

1158

711

681

4A

ustr

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y57

2556

3456

5656

8457

1957

6358

1758

8559

7160

7762

1063

772

Pola

ndA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yn.

a.12

100

1230

012

500

1270

012

900

1310

013

400

1370

014

000

1430

014

600

5Po

rtug

alA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y45

5847

3047

4847

8348

2548

4750

7651

6952

6254

9155

1855

472

Rom

ania

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

4601

5350

5383

5432

5527

5568

5655

5790

5975

6098

6216

6334

2Sl

oven

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y12

7211

9612

1612

3512

5412

7412

9313

0313

1213

2213

3213

420

Slov

akia

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

2412

2460

2556

2586

2617

2649

2681

2713

2745

2778

2812

2866

1Fi

nlan

dA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y75

3075

5077

7078

8079

9081

0082

1083

1084

0085

0086

4087

403

Swed

enA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y12

987

1308

913

109

1313

013

150

1317

013

191

1321

113

232

1325

213

273

1329

34

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

3210

031

700

3170

031

800

3190

032

000

3210

032

100

3210

032

200

3230

032

400

11

All

Mem

berS

tate

s(t

otal

)A

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y26

8393

2833

7228

5391

2872

0028

9257

2910

2429

2915

2950

1729

7053

2992

4430

1366

3035

2610

0

Fort

he‘a

dditi

onal

ener

gyef

ficie

ncy’

scen

ario

allM

embe

rSta

tes

have

prov

ided

data

.Fo

rM

alta

and

Pola

ndno

data

are

avai

labl

efo

rth

eye

ar20

05.

Con

sequ

ently

,the

valu

ere

port

edhe

reas

EU

tota

lin

2005

isac

tual

lyth

eva

lue

for

the

EU

min

usM

alta

and

Pola

nd(t

oget

her

12.3

Mto

e).

ECN-E--10-069 53

Final consumption heating and cooling (reference scenario) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011


consumption

[ktoe]heating

andcooling

forthe

referencescenario

Scenario2005

20102011

20122013

20142015

20162017

20182019

20202020

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[%]

Belgium

Reference

scenario21804

2180421804

2180421804

2180421804

2180421804

2180421804

218044

Bulgaria

Reference

scenario4543

48514854

50365258

54615640

57655898

60086105

61931

Czech

Republic

Reference

scenario17644

1832618417

1841918514

1864518856

1900819170

1955419783

199923

Denm

arkR

eferencescenario

80718161

82328320

84008467

85128542

85768614

86678727

2G

ermany

Reference

scenario116842

111661111063

110132108794

107528106215

105164103420

101748100172

9876617

Estonia

Reference

scenario1615

15921601

16101619

16281637

16491661

16731686

16980

IrelandR

eferencescenario

55165184

52335216

52485307

53885477

55465613

56685724

1G

reeceR

eferencescenario

83558644

84018439

84648595

87438875

90709228

94239600

2Spain

Reference

scenario40254

3334032649

3255932393

3231832315

3225932180

3206731932

318375

FranceR

eferencescenario

6894972333

7300973686

7436375040

7571676393

7707077747

7842379100

14Italy

Reference

scenario68501

6419464491

6477465041

6529465532

6575565963

6615766335

6649911

Cyprus

Reference

scenario530

480483

489499

508517

525533

540546

5510

Latvia

Reference

scenario2607

22712316

23612416

24932604

27792962

29943042

31141

Lithuania

Reference

scenario2583

24172448

24972545

26212697

27242750

27952841

28860

Luxem

bourgR

eferencescenario

11891293

13031313

13241334

13441363

13811399

14171436

0H

ungaryR

eferencescenario

1219210392

1062610940

1132211116

1100810887

1075910625

1047610412

2M

altaR

eferencescenario

n.a.46

5658

6063

6668

7072

7476

0N

etherlandsA


2461224614

2461524616

2461724618

2469224766

2484024914

249894

Austria

Reference

scenario13206

1200712172

1236012572

1278813009

1324513485

1374314005

142742

PolandR

eferencescenario

n.a.31600

3300034700

3590037300

3880040300

4180043200

4470046200

8Portugal

Reference

scenario7927

72867370

74547538

76227706

78397972

81058238

83711

Rom

aniaR

eferencescenario

1877916056

1610616643

1730318093

1894319179

1946019790

2016420696

4Slovenia


22911996

20082019

20312043

20542049

20442039

20342029

0Slovakia

Reference

scenario6162

59716019

60676114

61626210

62586306

63536401

64491

FinlandA


1401014380

1454014670

1483015000

1508015120

1517015260

153003

Sweden

Reference

scenario13190

1533915769

1619916628

1705817488

1791818347

1877719207

196373

United

Kingdom

Reference

scenario66900

6000059200

5860058100

5750056900

5630055800

5550055100

548009

AllM

emberStates

(total)M

ixedscenarios

552056555866

557624560850

563536566235

569322571897

573913576155

578417581160

100

FortheN


Finlandthe

‘Reference


Mem


beentaken

asreported

forthe‘A


Table48.

ForM

altaand

Polandno

dataare

availablefor

theyear

2005.C


reportedhere

asE

Utotalin

2005is

actuallythe

valuefor

theE

Um

inusM

altaand

Poland(together

31.6M

toe).

54 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Final consumption heating and cooling (additional energy efficiency) [ktoe]

Tabl

e48

:Fin

alen

ergy

cons

umpt

ion

[kto

e]fo

rhe

atin

gan

dco

olin

gfo

rth

ead

ditio

nale

nerg

yef

ficie

ncy

scen

ario

Scen

ario

2005

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2020

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[%]

Bel

gium

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

2180

421

804

2180

421

804

2180

421

804

2180

421

804

2180

421

804

2180

421

804

4B

ulga

ria

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

4543

4492

4413

4462

4509

4538

4539

4494

4557

4611

4626

4638

1C

zech

Rep

ublic

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

1764

417

805

1783

717

765

1777

817

821

1796

318

083

1820

518

560

1874

218

680

4D

enm

ark

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

8071

8042

8021

8021

8012

7991

7929

7858

7795

7732

7690

7653

1G

erm

any

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

1168

4211

1597

1106

8110

9081

1073

6110

5498

1035

8810

1581

9955

197

449

9527

693

139

18E

ston

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y16

1515

7215

7315

7415

7515

7615

7715

7715

7815

7815

7915

790

Irel

and

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

5516

5160

5139

5065

5041

5043

5069

5102

5066

5029

4980

4931

1G

reec

eA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y83

5586

5586

7583

7684

7485

1786

5888

5990

1391

6694

0196

742

Spai

nA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y40

254

3334

032

465

3234

931

984

3167

131

452

3118

130

894

3054

630

189

2984

96

Fran

ceA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y68

949

6596

665

369

6477

364

176

6358

062

983

6238

661

790

6119

360

597

6000

012

Ital

yA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y68

501

5897

659

197

5941

859

639

5986

060

081

6030

160

522

6074

360

964

6118

512

Cyp

rus

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

530

480

480

484

492

499

509

512

517

521

525

527

0L

atvi

aA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y26

0722

5122

8523

1923

5423

8924

2524

6124

9725

3525

7326

121

Lith

uani

aA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y25

8324

1724

2824

5424

8125

1426

0126

1826

3426

5026

6726

841

Lux

embo

urg

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

1189

1235

1235

1235

1234

1234

1234

1241

1248

1255

1262

1268

0H

unga

ryA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y12

192

1034

710

520

1077

411

094

1081

710

636

1043

410

251

1006

998

7497

192

Mal

taA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yn.

a.45

5556

5860

6365

6769

7173

0N

ethe

rlan

dsA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y28

436

2461

224

614

2461

524

616

2461

724

618

2469

224

766

2484

024

914

2498

95

Aus

tria

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

1320

612

007

1203

112

061

1209

912

145

1220

312

276

1236

712

481

1262

412

802

2Po

land

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

n.a.

3240

032

500

3270

032

800

3290

033

100

3340

033

800

3410

034

400

3470

07

Port

ugal

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

7927

7286

7370

7454

7538

7622

7706

7807

7906

8004

8101

8197

2R

oman

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y18

779

1578

816

184

1652

516

840

1721

017

572

1770

817

818

1797

318

140

1831

64

Slov

enia

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

2291

1996

2008

2019

2031

2043

2054

2049

2044

2039

2034

2029

0Sl

ovak

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y61

6259

7159

2358

7658

2857

8057

3256

8556

6156

3756

1356

131

Finl

and

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

1397

014

010

1438

014

540

1467

014

830

1500

015

080

1512

015

170

1526

015

300

3Sw

eden

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

1319

014

448

1470

014

951

1520

315

455

1570

615

958

1620

916

461

1671

316

964

3U

nite

dK

ingd

omA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y66

900

6000

058

900

5800

057

100

5620

055

300

5440

053

500

5290

052

200

5150

010

All

Mem

berS

tate

s(t

otal

)A

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y55

2056

5427

0254

0787

5387

5153

6791

5342

1453

2102

5296

1252

7180

5251

1552

2819

5204

2510

0

Fort

he‘a

dditi

onal

ener

gyef

ficie

ncy’

scen

ario

allM

embe

rSta

tes

have

prov

ided

data

.Fo

rM

alta

and

Pola

ndno

data

are

avai

labl

efo

rth

eye

ar20

05.

Con

sequ

ently

,the

valu

ere

port

edhe

reas

EU

tota

lin

2005

isac

tual

lyth

eva

lue

for

the

EU

min

usM

alta

and

Pola

nd(t

oget

her

32.4

Mto

e).

ECN-E--10-069 55

Final consumption transport (reference scenario) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011


consumption

[ktoe]transportfor

thereference

scenarioScenario

20052010

20112012

20132014

20152016

20172018

20192020

2020[ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][%

]

Belgium

Reference

scenario8493

94859522

95529589

96299661

95919530

94639399

93333

Bulgaria

Reference

scenario2642

26902716

27832872

29563033

30913151

32053254

33011

Czech

Republic

Reference

scenario6007

61466169

62946389

64646506

65426577

67236584

65732

Denm

arkR

eferencescenario

41454207

42934397

43974411

44284436

44434445

44584464

1G

ermany

Reference

scenario53602

5242752331

5226852232

5222152187

5215052112

5207352035

5199615

Estonia

Reference

scenario746

789809

828847

867886

900913

927940

9540

IrelandR

eferencescenario

39124605

44304578

47405043

53115464

55895706

58245913

2G

reeceR

eferencescenario

65686774

67696779

68166828

68646945

70377094

71807257

2Spain

Reference

scenario32407

3089130816

3143332402

3346034391

3538236367

3738038408

3941011

FranceR

eferencescenario

4508053100

5350053900

5430054700

5510055500

5590056300

5670057500

16Italy

Reference

scenario39000

3646736848

3719037494

3775937986

3817438325

3843638509

3854411

Cyprus

Reference

scenario682

721722

733744

757771

783795

806816

8250

Latvia

Reference

scenario982

10991119

11451165

11901212

12311253

12741297

13200

Lithuania

Reference

scenario1133

13361376

14181461

15061554

16031654

17071761

18171

Luxem

bourgR

eferencescenario

24162309

23372365

23922420

24482475

25022529

25572584

1H

ungaryR

eferencescenario

39644107

44054592

47444897

50055116

52285342

54175492

2M

altaR

eferencescenario

n.a.152

154155

156158

159160

162163

164165

0N

etherlandsA


1169911643

1158711531

1147511419

1126211105

1094810791

106343

Austria

Reference

scenario8945

83368453

85878739

88959055

92289407

96039809

100653

PolandR

eferencescenario

n.a.16800

1700017500

1750017700

1790018200

1840018600

1890019100

5Portugal

Reference

scenario6223

60406028

60166003

59925980

59865990

59966002

60102

Rom

aniaR

eferencescenario

41394856

51125259

54085556

57075814

59216027

61346239

2Slovenia


15261735

17561777

17981819

18391862

18851907

19301953

1Slovakia

Reference

scenario1744

22212269

23412436

25082556

26272699

27942866

29381

FinlandA


40304060

40604080

40904100

41104150

41504120

40801

Sweden

Reference

scenario7473

79238013

81038193

82838373

84638553

86438733

88233

United

Kingdom

Reference

scenario41704

4048540935

4142741746

4193642002

4203042013

4195741878

4177912

AllM

emberStates

(total)M

ixedscenarios

299104321430

323585327067

330174333520

336433339125

341661344198

346466349069

100

FortheN


Finlandthe

‘Reference


Mem


beentaken

asreported

forthe‘A


Table50.

ForM

altaand

Polandno

dataare

availablefor

theyear

2005.C


reportedhere

asE

Utotalin

2005is

actuallythe

valuefor

theE

Um

inusM

altaand

Poland(together

17.0M

toe).

56 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Final consumption transport (additional energy efficiency) [ktoe]

Tabl

e50

:Fin

alen

ergy

cons

umpt

ion

[kto

e]fo

rtr

ansp

ortf

orth

ead

ditio

nale

nerg

yef

ficie

ncy

scen

ario

Scen

ario

2005

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2020

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[%]

Bel

gium

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

8493

9304

9306

9301

9304

9308

9306

9187

9077

8963

8852

8740

3B

ulga

ria

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

2642

2569

2555

2577

2592

2600

2599

2581

2600

2600

2620

2625

1C

zech

Rep

ublic

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

6007

6128

6139

6255

6342

6407

6429

6443

6456

6436

6416

6618

2D

enm

ark

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

4145

4191

4267

4361

4350

4353

4353

4355

4353

4344

4342

4332

1G

erm

any

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

5360

252

355

5218

852

021

5180

651

575

5127

950

655

5003

449

414

4885

748

302

15E

ston

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y74

678

980

582

183

785

286

888

189

590

892

193

40

Irel

and

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

3912

4564

4358

4482

4621

4905

5152

5308

5430

5542

5658

5747

2G

reec

eA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y65

6865

2864

3663

2462

3362

1462

5362

7962

6762

7963

0963

362

Spai

nA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y32

407

3087

530

795

3074

631

068

3118

031

222

3129

231

410

3150

231

609

3168

110

Fran

ceA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y45

080

4570

045

300

4500

044

700

4430

044

000

4370

043

400

4300

042

800

4210

013

Ital

yA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y39

000

3705

436

745

3643

736

129

3582

135

513

3520

534

897

3458

934

281

3397

211

Cyp

rus

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

682

720

716

720

727

736

744

750

756

761

765

768

0L

atvi

aA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y98

210

9611

1611

3611

5711

7811

9912

1812

3712

5712

7812

990

Lith

uani

aA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y11

3313

3313

6814

0514

4414

8415

2715

6616

0616

4816

9117

341

Lux

embo

urg

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

2416

2086

2111

2136

2161

2186

2211

2236

2260

2285

2309

2334

1H

unga

ryA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y39

6440

8343

6945

4446

8548

2549

2250

2051

2152

2352

8653

492

Mal

taA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yn.

a.15

215

415

515

615

815

916

016

116

316

416

50

Net

herl

ands

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

1135

111

699

1164

311

587

1153

111

475

1141

911

262

1110

510

948

1079

110

634

3A

ustr

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y89

4583

3683

4183

4883

5683

6483

7483

8583

9684

0784

1484

143

Pola

ndA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yn.

a.16

800

1700

017

200

1740

017

600

1780

018

200

1860

019

000

1950

019

900

6Po

rtug

alA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y62

2360

4060

2860

1660

0359

9259

8059

3258

8458

3657

8957

432

Rom

ania

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

4139

4725

4873

4999

5125

5252

5379

5434

5485

5536

5592

5628

2Sl

oven

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y15

2617

3517

5617

7717

9818

1918

3918

6218

8519

0719

3019

531

Slov

akia

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

1744

2221

2245

2293

2341

2409

2449

2491

2532

2603

2675

2747

1Fi

nlan

dA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y42

2040

3040

6040

6040

8040

9041

0041

1041

5041

5041

2040

801

Swed

enA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y74

7376

8677

2877

7178

1378

5678

9879

4179

8380

2680

6881

113

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

4170

440

485

4093

541

427

4174

641

936

4200

242

030

4201

341

957

4187

841

779

13

All

Mem

berS

tate

s(t

otal

)A

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

y29

9104

3132

8431

3337

3138

9931

4505

3148

7531

4976

3144

8331

3993

3132

8431

2915

3120

2510

0

Fort

he‘a

dditi

onal

ener

gyef

ficie

ncy’

scen

ario

allM

embe

rSta

tes

have

prov

ided

data

.Fo

rM

alta

and

Pola

ndno

data

are

avai

labl

efo

rth

eye

ar20

05.

Con

sequ

ently

,the

valu

ere

port

edhe

reas

EU

tota

lin

2005

isac

tual

lyth

eva

lue

for

the

EU

min

usM

alta

and

Pola

nd(t

oget

her

17.0

Mto

e).

ECN-E--10-069 57

Final consumption before aviation reduction (reference scenario) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011


consumption

[ktoe]before

aviationreduction

forthe

referencescenario

ScenarioA

viationreduction

20052010

20112012

20132014

20152016

20172018

20192020

2020[ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][%

]

Belgium

Reference

Withoutreduction

3820941012

4122241426

4163841852

4205742119

4218943055

4232142386

3B

ulgariaR

eferenceW

ithoutreduction10314

1067110744

1103711393

1172612028

1225812499

1271112906

130911

Czech

Republic

Reference

Withoutreduction

2966530623

3092431193

3152331870

3226532589

3293733585

3379434128

3D

enmark

Reference

Withoutreduction

1647516495

1673817011

1716817324

1745317553

1764817740

1786117984

1G

ermany

Reference

Withoutreduction

229092223767

223249222485

221243220120

218926218019

216347214723

213122211599

16E

stoniaR

eferenceW

ithoutreduction3098

32103252

32943336

33773419

34403481

35223562

36020

IrelandR

eferenceW


1312712855

1302013285

1373214181

1446914707

1493915166

153671

Greece

Reference

Withoutreduction

2164322714

2242422516

2267022860

2315023539

2400724377

2482625262

2Spain

Reference

Withoutreduction

10184593379

9316994635

9661398743

100923103150

105417107739

110108112530

9France

Reference

Withoutreduction

166689179877

181423182970

184518186064

187610189157

190704192252

193798195745

15Italy

Reference

Withoutreduction

141226134643

135841137016

138167139295

140399141480

142536143570

144580145566

11C

yprusR

eferenceW

ithoutreduction1884

19211949

19912043

20962150

21992247

22932338

23800

Latvia

Reference

Withoutreduction

42414060

41414231

43254451

46154862

51015191

53005434

0L

ithuaniaR

eferenceW

ithoutreduction4907

50345134

52735412

55555698

57975895

60296162

62960

Luxem

bourgR

eferenceW

ithoutreduction4605

45584599

46394680

47204760

48124864

49164967

50190

Hungary

Reference

Withoutreduction

1990918332

1903619598

2016720205

2028820355

2041220462

2049320525

2M

altaR

eferenceW

ithoutreductionn.a.

517534

545555

566577

586596

606616

6250

Netherlands


Withoutreduction

5401051008

5114651284

5142251560

5169851776

5185451932

5201052088

4A

ustriaR

eferenceW


2572626083

2648926948

2741627893

2840228922

2947730043

306222

PolandR

eferenceW

ithoutreductionn.a.

6130063400

6620067800

6990072000

7420076400

7840080700

827006

PortugalR

eferenceW


1859218690

1878218887

1898919094

1929319490

1968019879

200822

Rom

aniaR

eferenceW


2626126928

2776628705

2971630838

3143832122

3279733508

343743

SloveniaA

dditionalefficiencyW

ithoutreduction5090

49274979

50315083

51355186

52145241

52695296

53230

SlovakiaR

eferenceW


1065310891

1105811249

1141711562

1173111902

1209812270

124431

FinlandA



2573026330

2661026860

2714027420

2760027770

2791028080

281702

Sweden

Reference

Withoutreduction

3451937826

3848739148

3981040471

4113241794

4245543117

4377844439

3U

nitedK

ingdomR

eferenceW


146600146800

147300147700

148100148300

148200148400

148600148800

14900011

AllM

emberStates

(total)M

ixedscenarios

Mixed

value1165898

12125631220968

12325481243200

12544001265622

12760321286143

12969901306284

1316780100

FortheN


Finlandthe

‘Reference


Mem


beentaken

asreported

forthe‘A


Table52.

ForM

altaand

Polandno

dataare

availablefor

theyear

2005.C


reportedhere

asE

Utotalin

2005is

actuallythe

valuefor

theE

Um

inusM

altaand

Poland(together

61.8M

toe).

58 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Final consumption before aviation reduction (additional energy efficiency) [ktoe]

Tabl

e52

:Tot

alfin

alen

ergy

cons

umpt

ion

[kto

e]be

fore

avia

tion

redu

ctio

nfo

rth

ead

ditio

nale

nerg

yef

ficie

ncy

scen

ario

Scen

ario

Avi

atio

nre

duct

ion

2005

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2020

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[%]

Bel

gium

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

3820

940

517

4063

040

736

4112

140

967

4107

641

116

4116

441

207

4125

441

301

3B

ulga

ria

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

1031

410

191

1013

210

221

1028

210

313

1030

910

238

1031

210

359

1039

010

411

1C

zech

Rep

ublic

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

2966

529

969

3018

630

350

3056

830

796

3108

931

333

3158

732

018

3227

532

531

3D

enm

ark

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

1647

516

324

1643

216

576

1660

016

629

1659

616

553

1651

016

458

1643

816

419

1G

erm

any

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

2290

9222

3584

2224

6122

0479

2182

3421

5869

2131

2221

0089

2069

8420

3760

2004

6319

7178

17E

ston

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n30

9831

9032

1832

4632

7333

0133

2933

3833

6633

9534

2334

510

Irel

and

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

1280

713

024

1263

312

700

1286

713

220

1357

513

784

1388

713

984

1407

614

142

1G

reec

eA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n21

643

2242

821

964

2186

421

917

2196

022

251

2259

622

903

2321

623

614

2411

42

Spai

nA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n10

1845

9322

692

503

9297

493

634

9411

694

593

9507

895

562

9605

596

544

9704

18

Fran

ceA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n16

6689

1643

4916

3400

1625

5316

1704

1607

5815

9909

1590

6015

8213

1572

6415

6517

1552

6813

Ital

yA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n14

1226

1318

0113

1925

1320

4913

2174

1322

9813

2422

1325

4613

2670

1327

9413

2918

1330

4211

Cyp

rus

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

1884

1919

1934

1963

2002

2041

2080

2116

2149

2180

2210

2240

0L

atvi

aA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n42

4140

3341

0141

7042

4043

1143

8344

6245

4246

2447

0947

960

Lith

uani

aA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n49

0750

3151

1152

2953

4754

7956

1056

9257

7358

7759

8060

841

Lux

embo

urg

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

4605

4273

4296

4318

4341

4364

4386

4415

4444

4472

4501

4530

0H

unga

ryA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n19

909

1825

518

878

1936

019

849

1979

219

782

1974

619

728

1971

219

677

1964

42

Mal

taA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

nn.

a.50

652

253

254

255

156

157

057

858

759

560

30

Net

herl

ands

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

5401

051

008

5114

651

284

5142

251

560

5169

851

776

5185

451

932

5201

052

088

4A

ustr

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n27

610

2572

625

775

2583

625

910

2600

126

113

2624

826

412

2660

826

839

2710

92

Pola

ndA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

nn.

a.61

300

6180

062

400

6290

063

400

6400

065

000

6610

067

100

6820

069

200

6Po

rtug

alA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n19

582

1859

218

690

1878

218

887

1898

919

094

1917

519

252

1931

819

392

1946

72

Rom

ania

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

2751

925

863

2643

926

956

2749

328

030

2860

628

932

2927

829

607

2994

930

278

3Sl

oven

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n50

9049

2749

7950

3150

8351

3551

8652

1452

4152

6952

9653

230

Slov

akia

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

1019

910

653

1072

410

755

1078

610

838

1086

210

888

1093

811

018

1110

011

226

1Fi

nlan

dA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n26

260

2573

026

330

2661

026

860

2714

027

420

2760

027

770

2791

028

080

2817

02

Swed

enA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n34

519

3608

936

404

3671

837

032

3734

637

660

3797

438

288

3860

338

917

3923

13

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

1545

0014

6500

1462

0014

6200

1461

0014

5900

1456

0014

5100

1448

0014

4600

1443

0014

4100

12

All

Mem

berS

tate

s(t

otal

)A

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n11

6589

811

8900

811

8881

311

8989

211

9116

811

9110

411

9131

211

9063

911

9030

511

8992

711

8966

711

8898

710

0

Thi

sda

tase

tpre

sent

sgr

oss

final

ener

gyco

nsum

ptio

n.It

isth

eon

lycr

oss-

sect

ion

ofth

eN

RE

AP

data

that

isco

mpl

ete,

soin

this

tabl

eno

corr

ectio

nsha

vebe

enap

plie

d(s

eeal

soth

efo

otno

tes

inTa

bles

51,5

3an

d54

).Fo

rM

alta

and

Pola

ndno

data

are

avai

labl

efo

rth

eye

ar20

05.

Con

sequ

ently

,the

valu

ere

port

edhe

reas

EU

tota

lin

2005

isac

tual

lyth

eva

lue

for

the

EU

min

usM

alta

and

Pola

nd(t

oget

her

61.8

Mto

e).

ECN-E--10-069 59

Final consumption after aviation reduction (reference scenario) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011


consumption

[ktoe]after

aviationreduction

forthe

referencescenario

ScenarioA

viationreduction

20052010

20112012

20132014

20152016

20172018

20192020

2020[ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][%

]

Belgium

Reference

Withoutreduction

3820941012

4122241426

4163841852

4205742119

4218943055

4232142386

3B

ulgariaR

eferenceW


1067110744

1103711393

1172612028

1225812499

1271112906

130911

Czech

Republic

Reference

Withoutreduction

2966530623

3092431193

3152331870

3226532589

3293733585

3379434128

3D

enmark

Reference

Afterreduction

1647516495

1673817011

1716817324

1745317553

1764817740

1786117984

1G

ermany

Reference

Withoutreduction

229092223767

223249222485

221243220120

218926218019

216347214723

213122211599

16E

stoniaR

eferenceW

ithoutreduction3098

32103252

32943336

33773419

34403481

35223562

36020

IrelandR

eferenceA

fterreduction12741

1310612855

1302013285

1373214181

1446914707

1493915166

153671

Greece

Reference

Withoutreduction

2164322714

2242422516

2267022860

2315023539

2400724377

2482625262

2Spain

Reference

Afterreduction

10184593379

9316994635

9661398743

100866102998

105147107343

109579111882

9France

Reference

Withoutreduction

166689179877

181423182970

184518186064

187610189157

190704192252

193798195745

15Italy

Reference

Withoutreduction

141226134643

135841137016

138167139295

140399141480

142536143570

144580145566

11C

yprusR

eferenceA

fterreduction1661

17441771

18101857

19041952

19962039

20812121

21590

Latvia

Reference

Withoutreduction

42414060

41414231

43254451

46154862

51015191

53005434

0L

ithuaniaR

eferenceW

ithoutreduction4907

50345134

52735412

55555698

57975895

60296162

62960

Luxem

bourgR

eferenceA

fterreduction4457

44264469

45124555

45984641

46964750

48054860

49150

Hungary

Reference

Withoutreduction

1990918332

1903619598

2016720205

2028820355

2041220462

2049320525

2M

altaR

eferenceW

ithoutreductionn.a.

517534

545555

566577

586596

606616

6250

Netherlands


Afterreduction

5371750240

5030350366

5042850491

5055450550

5054550541

5053650532

4A

ustriaR

eferenceW


2572626083

2648926948

2741627893

2840228922

2947730043

306222

PolandR

eferenceW

ithoutreductionn.a.

6130063400

6620067800

6990072000

7420076400

7840080700

827006

PortugalR

eferenceW


1859218690

1878218887

1898919094

1929319490

1968019879

200822

Rom

aniaR

eferenceW


2626126928

2776628705

2971630838

3143832122

3279733508

343743

SloveniaA


ithoutreduction5090

49274979

50315083

51355186

52145241

52695296

53230

SlovakiaR

eferenceW


1065310891

1105811249

1141711562

1173111902

1209812270

124431

FinlandA



2573026330

2661026860

2714027420

2760027770

2791028080

281702

Sweden

Reference

Withoutreduction

3451937826

3848739148

3981040471

4113241794

4245543117

4377844439

3U

nitedK

ingdomR

eferenceA

fterreduction150900

142800142700

143000143100

143200143000

142500142300

142200142100

14200011

AllM

emberStates

(total)M

ixedscenarios

Mixed

value1161568

12076651215717

12270221237295

12481171258804

12686351278142

12884801297257

1307251100

Notfor

allMem

berStates

theaviation

reductionhas

beenapplied.

This

tablepresents

alldatafor

thetotalconsum

ptionafter

reductionfor

aviationlim

itforD

enmark,Ireland,Spain

(onlyfor

2015–

2020),Cyprus,L

uxembourg,the

Netherlands,and

theU

nitedK

ingdom.

Fortherem

ainingcountries,the

valuesbefore

theaviation

reductionhave

beendisplayed.

This

regardsB

elgium,

Bulgaria,the

Czech

Republic,G

ermany,E

stonia,Greece,France,Italy,L

atvia,Lithuania,H

ungary,Malta,A

ustria,Poland,Portugal,Rom

ania,Slovenia,Slovakia,Finland,Sweden,.See

alsothe

thirdcolum

nin

thetable.

FortheN


Finlandthe

‘Reference


Mem


beentaken

asreported

forthe‘A


Tables52

(Sloveniaand

Finland)and54

(theN

etherlands).For

Malta

andPoland

nodata

areavailable

forthe

year2005.

Consequently,the

valuereported

hereas

EU

totalin2005

isactually

thevalue

forthe

EU

minus

Malta

andPoland

(together61.8

Mtoe).

ForSpainthe

aviationreduction

onlyapplies

tothe

years2015

–2020

inthe

‘Reference

scenario’.

60 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Final consumption after aviation reduction (additional energy efficiency) [ktoe]

Tabl

e54

:Tot

alfin

alen

ergy

cons

umpt

ion

[kto

e]af

ter

avia

tion

redu

ctio

nfo

rth

ead

ditio

nale

nerg

yef

ficie

ncy

Scen

ario

Avi

atio

nre

duct

ion

2005

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2020

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[%]

Bel

gium

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

3820

940

517

4063

040

736

4112

140

967

4107

641

116

4116

441

207

4125

441

301

4B

ulga

ria

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

1031

410

191

1013

210

221

1028

210

313

1030

910

238

1031

210

359

1039

010

411

1C

zech

Rep

ublic

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

2966

529

969

3018

630

350

3056

830

796

3108

931

333

3158

732

018

3227

532

531

3D

enm

ark

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

Aft

erre

duct

ion

1647

516

324

1643

216

576

1660

016

629

1659

616

553

1651

016

443

1639

516

346

1G

erm

any

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

2290

9222

3584

2224

6122

0479

2182

3421

5869

2131

2221

0089

2069

8420

3760

2004

6319

7178

17E

ston

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n30

9831

9032

1832

4632

7333

0133

2933

3833

6633

9534

2334

510

Irel

and

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

Aft

erre

duct

ion

1274

112

996

1263

312

700

1286

713

220

1357

513

784

1388

713

984

1407

614

142

1G

reec

eA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n21

643

2242

821

964

2186

421

917

2196

022

251

2259

622

903

2321

623

614

2411

42

Spai

nA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n10

1845

9322

692

503

9297

493

634

9411

694

593

9507

895

562

9605

596

544

9704

18

Fran

ceA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n16

6689

1643

4916

3400

1625

5316

1704

1607

5815

9909

1590

6015

8213

1572

6415

6517

1552

6813

Ital

yA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n14

1226

1318

0113

1925

1320

4913

2174

1322

9813

2422

1325

4613

2670

1327

9413

2918

1330

4211

Cyp

rus

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

Aft

erre

duct

ion

1661

1742

1757

1782

1816

1850

1884

1915

1943

1971

1997

2023

0L

atvi

aA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n42

4140

3341

0141

7042

4043

1143

8344

6245

4246

2447

0947

960

Lith

uani

aA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n49

0750

3151

1152

2953

4754

7956

1056

9257

7358

7759

8060

841

Lux

embo

urg

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

Aft

erre

duct

ion

4457

4123

4147

4171

4195

4219

4243

4274

4304

4335

4365

4396

0H

unga

ryA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n19

909

1825

518

878

1936

019

849

1979

219

782

1974

619

728

1971

219

677

1964

42

Mal

taA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yA

fter

redu

ctio

nn.

a.43

445

046

047

048

049

049

950

751

752

653

40

Net

herl

ands

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

Aft

erre

duct

ion

5371

750

240

5030

350

366

5042

850

491

5055

450

550

5054

550

541

5053

650

532

4A

ustr

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n27

610

2572

625

775

2583

625

910

2600

126

113

2624

826

412

2660

826

839

2710

92

Pola

ndA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

nn.

a.61

300

6180

062

400

6290

063

400

6400

065

000

6610

067

100

6820

069

200

6Po

rtug

alA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n19

582

1859

218

690

1878

218

887

1898

919

094

1917

519

252

1931

819

392

1946

72

Rom

ania

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

2751

925

863

2643

926

956

2749

328

030

2860

628

932

2927

829

607

2994

930

278

3Sl

oven

iaA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n50

9049

2749

7950

3150

8351

3551

8652

1452

4152

6952

9653

230

Slov

akia

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

With

outr

educ

tion

1019

910

653

1072

410

755

1078

610

838

1086

210

888

1093

811

018

1110

011

226

1Fi

nlan

dA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n26

260

2573

026

330

2661

026

860

2714

027

420

2760

027

770

2791

028

080

2817

02

Swed

enA

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yW

ithou

tred

uctio

n34

519

3608

936

404

3671

837

032

3734

637

660

3797

438

288

3860

338

917

3923

13

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

Add

ition

alef

ficie

ncy

Aft

erre

duct

ion

1509

0014

2700

1421

0014

1800

1414

0014

0800

1402

0013

9200

1385

0013

7900

1373

0013

6700

12

All

Mem

berS

tate

s(t

otal

)A

dditi

onal

effic

ienc

yM

ixed

valu

e11

6156

811

8401

311

8347

211

8417

411

8507

011

8452

811

8435

811

8310

011

8227

911

8140

511

8073

211

7953

810

0

Not

fora

llM

embe

rSta

test

heav

iatio

nre

duct

ion

hasb

een

appl

ied.

Thi

stab

lepr

esen

tsal

ldat

afo

rthe

tota

lcon

sum

ptio

naf

terr

educ

tion

fora

viat

ion

limit

forD

enm

ark,

Irel

and,

Cyp

rus,

Lux

embo

urg,

Mal

ta,t

heN

ethe

rlan

dsan

dth

eU

nite

dK

ingd

om.

Fort

here

mai

ning

coun

trie

s,th

eva

lues

befo

reth

eav

iatio

nre

duct

ion

have

been

disp

laye

d.T

his

rega

rds

Bel

gium

,Bul

gari

a,th

eC

zech

Rep

ublic

,G

erm

any,

Est

onia

,Gre

ece,

Spai

n,Fr

ance

,Ita

ly,L

atvi

a,L

ithua

nia,

Hun

gary

,Aus

tria

,Pol

and,

Port

ugal

,Rom

ania

,Slo

veni

a,Sl

ovak

ia,F

inla

ndan

dSw

eden

.See

also

the

thir

dco

lum

nin

the

tabl

e.Fo

rM

alta

and

Pola

ndno

data

are

avai

labl

efo

rth

eye

ar20

05.

Con

sequ

ently

,the

valu

ere

port

edhe

reas

EU

tota

lin

2005

isac

tual

lyth

eva

lue

for

the

EU

min

usM

alta

and

Pola

nd(t

oget

her

61.7

Mto

e).

ECN-E--10-069 61

Renewable aggregate data as reported in NREAP

ECN-E--10-069 63

Renewable aggregate data as reported in NREAP 1 FEB 2011

Table55:A

ggregateR

ES

accordingto

NR

EA

Pfor

theyear

2005(Tem

plateTable

4a,Table4b

(RE

S-Tfor

target)andTable

12(R

ES-E

inroad

vehicles)R

ES-E

aR

ES-H

/Ca

RE

S-Ta

AllR

ESa

AllR

ESb

RE

S-Ttarget c

RE

S-E,H

/C,T

dD

ifferencee

RE

S-Ef

inR

ES

export aR

ES

import a

RE

Sa

afterPage

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[%]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe]transport[ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

exchange[ktoe]

Belgium

212491

16702

0.716

719-17

160

0702

185B

ulgaria206

7500

9561.0

0956

00

n.a.n.a.

956187

Czech

Republic

2691482

91760

1.89

17600

60

01760

189D

enmark

8501869

92718

2.89

2728-10

90

02718

191G

ermany

53017706

208714926

15.12087

15094-168

1690

014926

193E

stonia9

5050

5150.5

n.a.514

10

n.a.0

515195

Ireland180

1931

3730.4

1374

-11

00

373197

Greece

4401066

11507

1.51

15070

n.a.n.a.

n.a.1507

199Spain

46243550

3668433

8.5366

8540-107

108n.a.

n.a.8433

201France

61189397

54415918

16.1544

16059-141

1410

015918

203Italy

48471916

1796942

7.0338

69420

139n.a.

n.a.6942

205C

yprus0

480

480.0

n.a.48

00

00

48207

Latvia

2611114

71377

1.49

1382-5

4n.a.

n.a.1377

209L

ithuania38

6884

7300.7

4730

00

00

730211

Luxem

bourg18

202

400.0

240

01

n.a.n.a.

40213

Hungary

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.5

n.a.n.a.

0n.a.

n.a.n.a.

215M

altan.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.217

Netherlands

622717

81339

1.48

1347-8

80

01339

219A

ustria3480

3213205

67356.8

2056898

-163162

00

6735221

Polandn.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

43n.a.

n.a.0

n.a.n.a.

n.a.223

Portugal1337

252912

38663.9

123878

-1212

00

3866225

Rom

ania1347

351658

49215.0

584921

011

00

4921227

Slovenia362

4650

8280.8

4827

14

00

828229

Slovakia404

3618

7720.8

8773

-18

n.a.n.a.

772231

Finland2030

55300

75607.7

207560

020

00

7560233

Sweden

66057084

28813689

13.9301

13977-288

121n.a.

n.a.13689

235U

nitedK

ingdom1506

47569

20502.1

692050

0113

n.a.n.a.

2050237

European

Union

4106654685

387398705

100.04119

99624-919

10530

098705

-

aA

sreported

inTem

plateTable

4a.The

Template

isavailable

fromhttp://eur-lex.europa.eu/L

exUriServ/L

exUriServ.do?uri=C

EL

EX

:32009D0548:E

N:N

OT

.b

Calculated

indicator:contributionofeach

Mem

berStateto

‘AllR

ES’as

reportedin

Table4a.

c‘R

ES-T

target’refersto

therow

indicated(J)in

Template

Table4b

andtakes

intoaccountA

rticle4c

oftheD

irective(applying

afactor2.5

toelectricity

fromrenew

ableenergy

sourcesconsum

edby

electricroad

vehicles)andA

rticle21.2

(consideringtw

icethe

contributionm

adeby

biofuelsproduced

fromw

astes,residues,non-foodcellulosic

materialand

ligno-cellulosicm

aterial).d

Calculated

result:sumofcolum

ns‘R

ES-E

’,‘RE

S-H/C

’and‘R

ES-T’as

reportedin

Template

Table4a.

eD

ifferencebetw

eencolum

n‘A

llRE

S’and

thesum

ofcolum

ns‘R

ES-E

’,‘RE

S-H/C

’and

‘RE

S-T’as

reportedin

Template

Table4a

(seealso

footnoted).

Sincenone

ofthe

27M

ember

Statesprojected

acontribution

fromrenew

ablehydrogen

intransport,the

differenceshould

beequalto

theprojection

forrenewable

electricityin

transport(Article

5.1ofthe

Renew

ableE

nergyD

irective2009/28/E

C,http://eur-lex.europa.eu/L

exUriServ/L

exUriServ.do?uri=C

EL

EX

:32009L0028:E

N:N

OT

).f

Renew

ableelectricity

intransport(‘road

transport’and‘non-road

transport’)asreported

inTem

plateTable

12(forR

omania

only‘renew

ableelectricity

inroad

transport’fromTem

plateTable

4bhas

beenconsidered).

64 ECN-E--10-069



1 FEB 2011 Renewable aggregate data as reported in NREAP

Tabl

e56

:Agg

rega

teR

ES

acco

rdin

gto

NR

EA

Pfo

rth

eye

ar20

10(T

empl

ate

Tabl

e4a

,Tab

le4b

(RE

S-T

for

targ

et)a

ndTa

ble

12(R

ES-

Ein

road

vehi

cles

)R

ES-

Ea

RE

S-H

/Ca

RE

S-Ta

All

RE

SaA

llR

ESb

RE

S-T

targ

etc

RE

S-E

,H/C

,Td

Diff

eren

cee

RE

S-Ef

inR

ES

expo

rta

RE

Sim

porta

RE

Saaf

ter

Page

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[%]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e]tr

ansp

ort[

ktoe

][k

toe]

[kto

e]ex

chan

ge[k

toe]

Bel

gium

401

766

353

1520

1.1

353

1520

024

00

1520

185

Bul

gari

a33

374

130

1104

0.8

3011

040

079

n.a.

1025

187

Cze

chR

epub

lic44

518

1125

025

061.

825

025

060

70

025

0618

9D

enm

ark

1067

2480

4235

782.

642

3589

-11

110

035

7819

1G

erm

any

9026

1003

137

4922

588

16.5

3847

2280

6-2

1821

90

022

588

193

Est

onia

5361

21

666

0.5

n.a.

666

00

n.a.

066

619

5Ir

elan

d50

422

013

585

90.

613

885

90

10

085

919

7G

reec

e67

112

6911

020

501.

511

120

500

225

7n.

a.19

9319

9Sp

ain

7227

3764

1802

1269

39.

318

5212

793

-100

99n.

a.n.

a.12

693

201

Fran

ce70

7311

124

2898

2091

215

.329

4821

095

-183

183

00

2091

220

3It

aly

5744

3851

1020

1061

57.

712

9510

615

017

0n.

a.n.

a.10

615

205

Cyp

rus

2078

1611

40.

1n.

a.11

40

00

011

420

7L

atvi

a26

110

2042

1320

1.0

4413

23-3

3n.

a.n.

a.13

2020

9L

ithua

nia

7466

655

795

0.6

5579

50

00

079

521

1L

uxem

bour

g22

2643

890.

143

91-2

20

089

213

Hun

gary

244

949

150

1344

1.0

177

1343

16

00

1344

215

Mal

ta1

43

80.

04

80

1n.

a.n.

a.8

217

Net

herl

ands

915

906

319

2128

1.6

475

2140

-12

120

021

2821

9A

ustr

ia39

0236

5756

479

525.

856

781

23-1

7117

10

079

5222

1Po

land

913

3980

981

5873

4.3

971

5874

-115

00

5873

223

Port

ugal

1956

2240

301

4476

3.3

305

4497

-21

200

044

7622

5R

oman

ia14

3528

1927

545

293.

327

545

290

100

045

2922

7Sl

oven

ia38

844

540

874

0.6

4687

31

50

087

422

9Sl

ovak

ia47

145

290

1013

0.7

9010

130

8n.

a.0

1013

231

Finl

and

1950

5210

220

7380

5.4

230

7380

020

00

7380

233

Swed

en71

8982

3752

815

695

11.5

573

1595

4-2

5914

7n.

a.n.

a.15

695

235

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

2720

518

1066

4304

3.1

1066

4304

013

6n.

a.n.

a.43

0423

7

Eur

opea

nU

nion

5500

567

876

1508

313

6985

100.

015

787

1379

64-9

7912

7333

60

1368

49-

aA

sre

port

edin

Tem

plat

eTa

ble

4a.T

heTe

mpl

ate

isav

aila

ble

from

http

://eu

r-le

x.eu

ropa

.eu/

Lex

Uri

Serv

/Lex

Uri

Serv

.do?

uri=

CE

LE

X:3

2009

D05

48:E

N:N

OT

.b

Cal

cula

ted

indi

cato

r:co

ntri

butio

nof

each

Mem

berS

tate

to‘A

llR

ES’

asre

port

edin

Tabl

e4a

.c

‘RE

S-T

targ

et’r

efer

sto

the

row

indi

cate

d(J

)in

Tem

plat

eTa

ble

4ban

dta

kes

into

acco

untA

rtic

le4c

ofth

eD

irec

tive

(app

lyin

ga

fact

or2.

5to

elec

tric

ityfr

omre

new

able

ener

gyso

urce

sco

nsum

edby

elec

tric

road

vehi

cles

)and

Art

icle

21.2

(con

side

ring

twic

eth

eco

ntri

butio

nm

ade

bybi

ofue

lspr

oduc

edfr

omw

aste

s,re

sidu

es,n

on-f

ood

cellu

losi

cm

ater

iala

ndlig

no-c

ellu

losi

cm

ater

ial)

.d

Cal

cula

ted

resu

lt:su

mof

colu

mns

‘RE

S-E

’,‘R

ES-

H/C

’and

‘RE

S-T’

asre

port

edin

Tem

plat

eTa

ble

4a.

eD

iffer

ence

betw

een

colu

mn

‘All

RE

S’an

dth

esu

mof

colu

mns

‘RE

S-E

’,‘R

ES-

H/C

’an

d‘R

ES-

T’as

repo

rted

inTe

mpl

ate

Tabl

e4a

(see

also

foot

note

d).

Sinc

eno

neof

the

27M

embe

rSt

ates

proj

ecte

da

cont

ribu

tion

from

rene

wab

lehy

drog

enin

tran

spor

t,th

edi

ffer

ence

shou

ldbe

equa

lto

the

proj

ectio

nfo

rren

ewab

leel

ectr

icity

intr

ansp

ort(

Art

icle

5.1

ofth

eR

enew

able

Ene

rgy

Dir

ectiv

e20

09/2

8/E

C,h

ttp://

eur-

lex.

euro

pa.e

u/L

exU

riSe

rv/L

exU

riSe

rv.d

o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09L

0028

:EN

:NO

T).

fR

enew

able

elec

tric

ityin

tran

spor

t(‘r

oad

tran

spor

t’an

d‘n

on-r

oad

tran

spor

t’)a

sre

port

edin

Tem

plat

eTa

ble

12(f

orR

oman

iaon

ly‘r

enew

able

elec

tric

ityin

road

tran

spor

t’fr

omTe

mpl

ate

Tabl

e4b

has

been

cons

ider

ed).

ECN-E--10-069 65



Renewable aggregate data as reported in NREAP 1 FEB 2011

Table57:A

ggregateR

ES

accordingto

NR

EA

Pfor

theyear

2015(Tem

plateTable

4a,Table4b

(RE

S-Tfor

target)andTable

12(R

ES-E

inroad

vehicles)R

ES-E

aR

ES-H

/Ca

RE

S-Ta

AllR

ESa

AllR

ESb

RE

S-Ttarget c

RE

S-E,H

/C,T

dD

ifferencee

RE

S-Ef

inR

ES

export aR

ES

import a

RE

Sa

afterPage

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[%]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe]transport[ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

exchange[ktoe]

Belgium

11211435

5413096

1.7544

3097-1

470

03096

185B

ulgaria527

943115

15850.9

1151585

00

309n.a.

1275187

Czech

Republic

8642359

4553677

2.0455

3678-1

160

03677

189D

enmark

14772855

2664579

2.5292

4598-19

19833

03746

191G

ermany

1355312163

347928822

15.93613

29195-373

3740

028822

193E

stonia117

62642

7860.4

n.a.785

10

810

704195

Ireland855

451300

16050.9

3041606

-11

2110

1394197

Greece

14591548

3933393

1.9395

3400-7

7856

n.a.2537

199Spain

95454404

269516419

9.12902

16644-225

224n.a.

n.a.16419

201France

940715040

321527402

15.13372

27662-260

2600

027402

203Italy

70456062

177514882

8.22356

148820

265n.a.

n.a.14882

205C

yprus46

10123

1700.1

n.a.170

00

00

170207

Latvia

3321179

531560

0.955

1564-4

4n.a.

n.a.1560

209L

ithuania182

849111

11420.6

1131142

02

00

1142211

Luxem

bourg49

5784

1860.1

85190

-44

045

231213

Hungary

3331049

2661648

0.9310

16480

150

01648

215M

alta17

55

270.0

727

017

n.a.n.a.

27217

Netherlands

23601380

5914307

2.4685

4331-24

230

04307

219A

ustria4144

3808631

83924.6

6438583

-191191

00

8392221

Poland1709

45321376

76174.2

14447617

023

00

7617223

Portugal2531

2462466

54213.0

4795459

-3837

00

5421225

Rom

ania2333

3000436

57693.2

4365769

015

00

5769227

Slovenia458

56179

10990.6

861098

17

00

1099229

Slovakia617

627147

13910.8

1471391

010

3050

1086231

Finland2200

6340410

89504.9

5108950

020

00

8950233

Sweden

77729390

76817702

9.8844

17930-228

173n.a.

n.a.17702

235U

nitedK

ingdom5189

15372581

93075.1

25879307

0192

n.a.n.a.

9307237

European

Union

7624284763

21303180934

100.022779

182308-1374

19462595

45178382

-

aA

sreported

inTem

plateTable

4a.The

Template

isavailable

fromhttp://eur-lex.europa.eu/L

exUriServ/L

exUriServ.do?uri=C

EL

EX

:32009D0548:E

N:N

OT

.b

Calculated

indicator:contributionofeach

Mem

berStateto

‘AllR

ES’as

reportedin

Table4a.

c‘R

ES-T

target’refersto

therow

indicated(J)in

Template

Table4b

andtakes

intoaccountA

rticle4c

oftheD

irective(applying

afactor2.5

toelectricity

fromrenew

ableenergy

sourcesconsum

edby

electricroad

vehicles)andA

rticle21.2

(consideringtw

icethe

contributionm

adeby

biofuelsproduced

fromw

astes,residues,non-foodcellulosic

materialand

ligno-cellulosicm

aterial).d

Calculated

result:sumofcolum

ns‘R

ES-E

’,‘RE

S-H/C

’and‘R

ES-T’as

reportedin

Template

Table4a.

eD

ifferencebetw

eencolum

n‘A

llRE

S’and

thesum

ofcolum

ns‘R

ES-E

’,‘RE

S-H/C

’and

‘RE

S-T’as

reportedin

Template

Table4a

(seealso

footnoted).

Sincenone

ofthe

27M

ember

Statesprojected

acontribution

fromrenew

ablehydrogen

intransport,the

differenceshould

beequalto

theprojection

forrenewable

electricityin

transport(Article

5.1ofthe

Renew

ableE

nergyD

irective2009/28/E

C,http://eur-lex.europa.eu/L

exUriServ/L

exUriServ.do?uri=C

EL

EX

:32009L0028:E

N:N

OT

).f

Renew

ableelectricity

intransport(‘road

transport’and‘non-road

transport’)asreported

inTem

plateTable

12(forR

omania

only‘renew

ableelectricity

inroad

transport’fromTem

plateTable

4bhas

beenconsidered).

66 ECN-E--10-069



1 FEB 2011 Renewable aggregate data as reported in NREAP

Tabl

e58

:Agg

rega

teR

ES

acco

rdin

gto

NR

EA

Pfo

rth

eye

ar20

20(T

empl

ate

Tabl

e4a

,Tab

le4b

(RE

S-T

for

targ

et)a

ndTa

ble

12(R

ES-

Ein

road

vehi

cles

)R

ES-

Ea

RE

S-H

/Ca

RE

S-Ta

All

RE

SaA

llR

ESb

RE

S-T

targ

etc

RE

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,H/C

,Td

Diff

eren

cee

RE

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inR

ES

expo

rta

RE

Sim

porta

RE

Saaf

ter

Page

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[%]

[kto

e][k

toe]

[kto

e]tr

ansp

ort[

ktoe

][k

toe]

[kto

e]ex

chan

ge[k

toe]

Bel

gium

1988

2588

798

5374

2.2

886

5374

097

00

5374

185

Bul

gari

a64

811

0320

519

560.

821

719

560

529

0n.

a.16

6618

7C

zech

Rep

ublic

1038

2672

691

4383

1.8

691

4401

-18

190

043

8318

9D

enm

ark

1685

3042

291

4989

2.0

439

5018

-29

2963

049

2619

1G

erm

any

1865

314

431

6140

3855

715

.863

9039

224

-667

667

00

3855

719

3E

ston

ia16

560

792

863

0.4

n.a.

864

-11

00

863

195

Irel

and

1196

591

482

2269

0.9

575

2269

037

00

2269

197

Gre

ece

2345

1908

634

4870

2.0

641

4887

-17

16.5

529

n.a.

4341

199

Spai

n12

903

5654

3885

2205

79.

043

2222

442

-385

381

n.a.

n.a.

2205

720

1Fr

ance

1272

919

732

4062

3612

114

.844

2736

523

-402

402

00

3612

120

3It

aly

8504

1045

625

3021

490

8.8

3445

2149

00

369

n.a.

1127

2261

720

5C

ypru

s10

112

438

263

0.1

n.a.

263

00.

560

026

320

7L

atvi

a44

613

9583

1918

0.8

130

1924

-66

n.a.

n.a.

1918

209

Lith

uani

a25

410

5116

914

740.

617

314

740

2.5

00

1474

211

Lux

embo

urg

6710

822

639

10.

223

440

1-1

010

093

484

213

Hun

gary

481

1863

535

2879

1.2

598

2879

024

00

2879

215

Mal

ta37

513

550.

018

550

37.2

2n.

a.n.

a.55

217

Net

herl

ands

4326

2179

905

7340

3.0

1097

7410

-70

710

073

4021

9A

ustr

ia45

0341

7985

692

663.

895

895

38-2

7227

20

092

6622

1Po

land

2786

5921

2018

1072

54.

421

9410

725

050

00

1072

522

3Po

rtug

al30

6025

0753

560

442.

557

461

02-5

858

00

6044

225

Rom

ania

2666

4038

564

7268

3.0

564

7268

014

.40

072

6822

7Sl

oven

ia52

762

519

213

440.

520

413

440

110

013

4422

9Sl

ovak

ia68

882

020

717

150.

727

517

150

1714

30

1572

231

Finl

and

2870

7270

560

1070

04.

480

010

700

040

00

1070

023

3Sw

eden

8356

1054

310

0819

709

8.1

1116

1990

7-1

9819

8n.

a.n.

a.19

709

235

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

1005

961

9942

5120

510

8.4

4295

2050

91

267

n.a.

n.a.

2051

023

7

Eur

opea

nU

nion

1030

8111

1611

3197

024

4530

100.

035

263

2466

62-2

132

3102

1025

1220

2447

25-

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sre

port

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Tem

plat

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ble

4a.T

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mpl

ate

isav

aila

ble

from

http

://eu

r-le

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ropa

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Lex

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/Lex

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.do?

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ntri

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.c

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S-T

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et’r

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plat

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ble

4ban

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kes

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Art

icle

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ider

ed).

ECN-E--10-069 67



Hydropower

ECN-E--10-069 69

Hydropower electric capacity (cumulative) [MW] 1 FEB 2011

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[GW] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 3: Projected total hydropower electric capacity [GW] for the period 2005 - 2020, allcapacity ranges excluding pumped storage

Table 59: Projected total hydropower electric capacity [MW] for the period 2005 - 2020, allcapacity ranges excluding pumped storage

2005 2010 2015 2020 2020[MW] [MW] [MW] [MW] [%]

Belgium 108.2 112.3 122.5 140 0Bulgaria 2078 2090 2280 2549 2Czech Republic 1020 1047 1099 1125 1Denmark 10 10 10 10 0Germany 4329 4052 4165 4309 3Estonia 5 7 8 8 0Ireland 234 234 234 234 0Greece 3107 3237 3615 4531 3Spain 18220 18687 20049 22362 16France 25349 25800 27050 28300 21Italy 15466 16580 17190 17800 13Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia 1536 1536 1550 1550 1Lithuania 128 127 133 141 0Luxembourg 34 38 38 44 0Hungary n.a. 51 52 66 0Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 37 47 68 203 0Austria 7907 8235 8423 8997 7Poland 915 952 1002 1152 1Portugal 4816 4934 7017 9548 7Romania 6289 6413 7287 7729 6Slovenia 981 1071 1193 1354 1Slovakia 1597 1622 1732 1812 1Finland 3040 3050 3050 3100 2Sweden 16345 16350 16355 16360 12United Kingdom 1501 1710 1920 2130 2

All Member States (total) 115052.2 117992.3 125642.5 135554 100

More information on subcategories for hydropower capacity is presented in Table 61 on page 72.See Table 62 on page 73 for corresponding hydropower electricity production data.Country information: Total hydropower in the NREAP for France and Sweden includes pumped storage capacity. Thevalue for All Member States (total) should thus be lowered with approximately 4.3 GW in 2005 to 6.8 GW in 2020.

70 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Hydropower electric capacity (growth) [%/year]

-5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 4: Calculated average annual growth for electric capacity from hydropower [%/year] forfour periods, all capacity ranges excluding pumped storage

Table 60: Calculated average annual growth for electric capacity from hydropower [%/year] forfour periods, all capacity ranges excluding pumped storage

2005 - 2010 2010 - 2015 2015 - 2020 2010 - 2020[%/year] [%/year] [%/year] [%/year]

Belgium 0.7 1.8 2.7 2.2Bulgaria 0.1 1.8 2.3 2.0Czech Republic 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.7Denmark 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Germany -1.3 0.6 0.7 0.6Estonia 7.0 2.7 0.0 1.3Ireland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Greece 0.8 2.2 4.6 3.4Spain 0.5 1.4 2.2 1.8France 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.9Italy 1.4 0.7 0.7 0.7Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1Lithuania -0.2 0.9 1.2 1.1Luxembourg 2.2 0.0 3.0 1.5Hungary n.a. 0.4 4.9 2.6Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 4.9 7.7 24.5 15.8Austria 0.8 0.5 1.3 0.9Poland 0.8 1.0 2.8 1.9Portugal 0.5 7.3 6.4 6.8Romania 0.4 2.6 1.2 1.9Slovenia 1.8 2.2 2.6 2.4Slovakia 0.3 1.3 0.9 1.1Finland 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2Sweden 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0United Kingdom 2.6 2.3 2.1 2.2

All Member States (average) 0.5 1.3 1.5 1.4

ECN-E--10-069 71

Hydropower electric capacity (breakdown) [MW] 1 FEB 2011

Table61:P

rojectedhydropow

erelectric

capacity[M

W]

forthe

period2005

-2020,brokendow

ninto

capacityranges

andpum

pedstorage

capacityH

ydropower<

1M

WH

ydropower1

MW

–10

MW

Hydropow

er>10M

WPum

pedstorage

hydropower

Totalhydropower

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

Belgium

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

108.2112.3

122.5140

Bulgaria

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

20782090

22802549

Czech

Republic

123162

191194

154142

147147

743743

743743

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

10201047

10991125

Denm

ark0

00

010

1010

100

00

00

00

010

1010

10G

ermany

641507

534564

1073987

10121043

26152558

26202702

40126494

64947900

43294052

41654309

Estonia

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.300

57

88

Ireland18

1818

1820

2020

20196

196196

1960

00

0234

234234

234G

reece26

2934

3963

154185

2163018

30543396

4276700

700700

15803107

32373615

4531Spain

239242

253268

15341603

17641917

1644716842

1803220177

27272546

37005700

1822018687

2004922362

France433

441462

4831618

16471727

180718995

1933320269

212064303

48005800

680025349

2580027050

28300Italy

391444

547650

19472250

27503250

1312813886

1389313900

13342399

24992600

1546616580

1719017800

Cyprus

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Latvia

2424

2527

11

11

15111511

15241522

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

15361536

15501550

Lithuania

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

2726

3240

101101

101101

00

00

128127

133141

Luxem

bourg2

22

332

3636

410

00

01100

11001300

130034

3838

44H

ungaryn.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

00

0n.a.

5152

66M

altan.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.N

etherlandsn.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

00

037

4768

203A

ustria308

455465

497692

726743

7946907

70537215

77073929

42854285

42857907

82358423

8997Poland

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

00

00

915952

10021152

Portugaln.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.323

410550

7504496

45246467

8798537

10362454

43024816

49347017

9548R

omania

6363

90109

262324

547620

59646026

66507000

00

00

62896413

72877729

Slovenia108

118120

12037

3752

57836

9161021

11760

00

0981

10711193

1354Slovakia

1625

4060

4655

82122

15351542

16101630

00

00

15971622

17321812

Finland30

3030

30280

280280

2802730

27502750

27900

00

03040

30503050

3100Sw

eden140

140140

140765

765765

76515397

1540215407

1541243

4343

4316345

1635016355

16360U

nitedK

ingdom56

n.a.n.a.

n.a.102

n.a.n.a.

n.a.1343

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.1501

17101920

2130

AllM

emberStates

(total)2618

27002951

32028986

947310703

1188095962

96437101894

10933618685

2340327275

34810115052.2

117992.3125642.5

135554

SeeTable

64on

page75

forcorrespondinghydropow

erelectricityproduction

data.C

ountryinform

ation:Totalhydropowerin

theN

RE

AP

forFranceand

Sweden

includespumped

storagecapacity.T

hevalue

forAllM

emberStates(total)should

thusbelow

eredw

ithapproxim

ately4.3

GW

in2005

to6.8

GW

in2020.

Abreakdow

nin

capacityranges

hasnotbeen

providedfor

Bulgaria,the

Netherlands

andthe

United

Kingdom

.T

herefore,thesum

ofallcategories

islow

erthan

thevalue

forA

llMem

berStates

(total).

72 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Hydropower electricity generation (cumulative) [GWh]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[TWh] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 5: Projected total hydropower electricity generation [TWh] for the period 2005 - 2020,all capacity ranges excluding pumped storage

Table 62: Projected total hydropower electricity generation [GWh] for the period 2005 - 2020,all capacity ranges excluding pumped storage

2005 2010 2015 2020 2020[GWh] [GWh] [GWh] [GWh] [%]

Belgium 350 362 391 440 0Bulgaria 4336 3260 3534 3951 1Czech Republic 2380 2109 2220 2274 1Denmark 23 31 31 31 0Germany 19687 18000 19000 20000 5Estonia 20 26 30 30 0Ireland 760 701 714 701 0Greece 5017 4988 5684 6576 2Spain 35503 34617 36732 39593 11France 70240 69024 70363 71703 19Italy 43768 42141 42070 42000 11Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia 2942 2906 2965 3051 1Lithuania 451 432 446 470 0Luxembourg 98 107 107 124 0Hungary n.a. 194 196 238 0Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 89 128 200 714 0Austria 37125 38542 39423 42112 11Poland 2201 2279 2439 2969 1Portugal 5118 9742 11101 14074 4Romania 16091 16567 18679 19768 5Slovenia 4099 4198 4559 5121 1Slovakia 4638 4834 5161 5400 1Finland 13910 14210 14210 14410 4Sweden 72874 71249 69625 68000 18United Kingdom 4921 5100 5730 6360 2

All Member States (total) 346641 345747 355610 370110 100

More information on subcategories for hydropower electricity generation is presented in Table 64 on page 75.See Table 59 on page 70 for corresponding hydropower capacity data.Country information: Total hydropower in the NREAP for Sweden includes energy production from pumped storage.The value for All Member States (total) should thus be lowered with 71 GWh (all years, see Table 64).

ECN-E--10-069 73

Hydropower electricity generation (growth) [%/year] 1 FEB 2011

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 6: Calculated average annual growth for electricity generation from hydropower[%/year] for four periods, all capacity ranges excluding pumped storage

Table 63: Calculated average annual growth for electricity generation from hydropower[%/year] for four periods, all capacity ranges excluding pumped storage


Belgium 0.7 1.5 2.4 2.0Bulgaria -5.5 1.6 2.3 1.9Czech Republic -2.4 1.0 0.5 0.8Denmark 6.2 0.0 0.0 0.0Germany -1.8 1.1 1.0 1.1Estonia 5.4 2.9 0.0 1.4Ireland -1.6 0.4 -0.4 0.0Greece -0.1 2.6 3.0 2.8Spain -0.5 1.2 1.5 1.4France -0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4Italy -0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia -0.2 0.4 0.6 0.5Lithuania -0.9 0.6 1.1 0.8Luxembourg 1.8 0.0 3.0 1.5Hungary n.a. 0.2 4.0 2.1Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 7.5 9.3 29.0 18.8Austria 0.8 0.5 1.3 0.9Poland 0.7 1.4 4.0 2.7Portugal 13.7 2.6 4.9 3.7Romania 0.6 2.4 1.1 1.8Slovenia 0.5 1.7 2.4 2.0Slovakia 0.8 1.3 0.9 1.1Finland 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.1Sweden -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5United Kingdom 0.7 2.4 2.1 2.2

All Member States (average) -0.1 0.6 0.8 0.7

74 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Hydropower electricity generation (breakdown) [GWh]

Tabl

e64

:Pro

ject

edhy

drop

ower

elec

tric

ityge

nera

tion

[GW

h]fo

rth

epe

riod

2005

-202

0,br

oken

dow

nin

toca

paci

tyra

nges

and

pum

ped

stor

age

capa

city

Hyd

ropo

wer

<1M

WH

ydro

pow

er1M

W–

10M

WH

ydro

pow

er>1

0MW

Pum

ped

stor

age

hydr

opow

erTo

talh

ydro

pow

er

2005

2010

2015

2020

2005

2010

2015

2020

2005

2010

2015

2020

2005

2010

2015

2020

2005

2010

2015

2020

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

Bel

gium

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

350

362

391

440

Bul

gari

an.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.43

3632

6035

3439

51C

zech

Rep

ublic

343

575

670

724

728

474

490

490

1309

1060

1060

1060

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

2380

2109

2220

2274

Den

mar

k0

00

023

3131

310

00

00

00

023

3131

31G

erm

any

3157

2300

2450

2550

3560

4050

4250

4500

1297

111

650

1230

012

950

7786

6989

6989

8395

1968

718

000

1900

020

000

Est

onia

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

2026

3030

Irel

and

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

00

00

760

701

714

701

Gre

ece

106

112

131

150

218

593

713

833

4693

4283

4840

5593

593

776

774

1703

5017

4988

5684

6576

Spai

n89

383

171

580

357

1949

7346

1754

7728

891

2881

331

399

3331

451

5336

4065

7780

2335

503

3461

736

732

3959

3Fr

ance

1796

1694

1727

1759

6111

5766

5878

5990

6233

261

563

6275

863

953

4705

5130

6199

7268

7024

069

024

7036

371

703

Ital

y18

5117

3720

0922

8173

9174

5986

2797

9634

525

3294

631

434

2992

312

6827

3927

3427

3043

768

4214

142

070

4200

0C

ypru

sn.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.L

atvi

a59

5963

673

33

328

8028

4428

9929

81n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.29

4229

0629

6530

51L

ithua

nia

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

6679

9311

738

535

335

335

30

00

045

143

244

647

0L

uxem

bour

g5

66

793

100

100

117

00

00

785

785

928

928

9810

710

712

4H

unga

ryn.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.0

00

n.a.

194

196

238

Mal

tan.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.N

ethe

rlan

dsn.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.0

00

089

128

200

714

Aus

tria

1448

2129

2178

2326

3247

3400

3477

3715

3243

033

013

3376

836

071

2738

2732

2732

2732

3712

538

542

3942

342

112

Pola

ndn.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.0

00

022

0122

7924

3929

69Po

rtug

aln.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.38

182

711

0815

1147

3789

1699

9312

562

387

00

051

1897

4211

101

1407

4R

oman

ia61

9513

516

453

862

410

5411

9515

493

1584

817

490

1841

00

00

016

091

1656

718

679

1976

8Sl

oven

ia45

126

227

027

015

519

224

727

034

9337

4440

4245

810

00

040

9941

9845

5951

21Sl

ovak

ia80

7511

917

919

816

424

436

443

6045

9547

9848

570

00

046

3848

3451

6154

00Fi

nlan

d14

015

015

015

012

6012

9012

9013

1012

510

1278

012

780

1296

00

00

013

910

1421

014

210

1441

0Sw

eden

458

458

458

458

3027

3027

3027

3027

6931

867

693

6606

964

444

7171

7171

7287

471

249

6962

568

000

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

44n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.39

9n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.44

78n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.49

2151

0057

3063

60

All

Mem

berS

tate

s(t

otal

)10

892

1048

311

081

1188

833

117

3305

235

249

3874

629

4805

2901

0129

5983

3040

1223

486

2286

227

004

3185

034

6641

3457

4735

5610

3701

10

See

Tabl

e61

onpa

ge72

forc

orre

spon

ding

hydr

opow

erca

paci

tyda

ta.

Cou

ntry

info

rmat

ion:

Tota

lhyd

ropo

wer

inth

eN

RE

AP

forS

wed

enin

clud

esen

ergy

prod

uctio

nfr

ompu

mpe

dst

orag

e.T

heva

lue

forA

llM

embe

rSt

ates

(tot

al)s

houl

dth

usbe

low

ered

with

71G

Wh

(all

year

s,se

eTa

ble

64).

ECN-E--10-069 75

Hydropower electricity generation (full load hours) [hrs/year] 1 FEB 2011

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[hrs/year]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 7: Calculated average number of full load hours for total hydropower [hrs/year] for theperiod 2005 - 2020

Table 65: Calculated average number of full load hours for total hydropower [hrs/year] for theperiod 2005 - 2020

2005 2010 2015 2020[hrs/year] [hrs/year] [hrs/year] [hrs/year]

Belgium 3238 3225 3189 3143Bulgaria 2087 1560 1550 1550Czech Republic 2333 2014 2020 2021Denmark 2300 3100 3100 3100Germany 4548 4442 4562 4641Estonia 4000 3714 3750 3750Ireland 3248 2996 3051 2996Greece 1615 1541 1572 1451Spain 1949 1852 1832 1771France 2771 2675 2601 2534Italy 2830 2542 2447 2360Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia 1915 1892 1913 1968Lithuania 3523 3402 3353 3333Luxembourg 2882 2816 2816 2818Hungary n.a. 3804 3769 3606Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 2405 2723 2941 3517Austria 4695 4680 4680 4681Poland 2405 2394 2434 2577Portugal 1063 1974 1582 1474Romania 2559 2583 2563 2558Slovenia 4178 3920 3821 3782Slovakia 2904 2980 2980 2980Finland 4576 4659 4659 4648Sweden 4458 4358 4257 4156United Kingdom 3278 2982 2984 2986

All Member States (average) 3013 2930 2830 2730

The capacity [MW] used for the calculation refers to the capacity data without pumped storage and also the electricityproduction [GWh] is excluding pumped storage

76 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Hydropower electricity generation (per capita) [kWh/cap]

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[kWh/cap]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 8: Calculated per capita (2008) electricity generation for total hydropower [kWh/cap]for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 66: Calculated per capita (2008) electricity generation for total hydropower [kWh/cap]for the period 2005 - 2020

2005 2010 2015 2020[kWh/cap] [kWh/cap] [kWh/cap] [kWh/cap]

Belgium 33 34 37 41Bulgaria 568 427 463 517Czech Republic 229 203 214 219Denmark 4 6 6 6Germany 239 219 231 243Estonia 15 19 22 22Ireland 173 159 162 159Greece 447 445 507 586Spain 784 764 811 874France 1098 1079 1100 1121Italy 734 707 706 704Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia 1296 1280 1306 1344Lithuania 134 128 132 140Luxembourg 203 221 221 256Hungary n.a. 19 20 24Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 5 8 12 44Austria 4463 4633 4739 5062Poland 58 60 64 78Portugal 482 918 1046 1326Romania 747 770 868 918Slovenia 2039 2088 2268 2547Slovakia 859 895 956 1000Finland 2624 2681 2681 2719Sweden 7936 7759 7582 7405United Kingdom 80 83 94 104


The electricity production [GWh] used for the calculation is excluding pumped storage.The population data can be viewed in Table 14 (page 30)

ECN-E--10-069 77

Hydropower electricity generation (per area) [MWh/km2] 1 FEB 2011

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Ro

mania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[MWh/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 9: Calculated per surface area (2004) electricity generation for total hydropower[MWh/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 67: Calculated per surface area (2004) electricity generation for total hydropower[MWh/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020

2005 2010 2015 2020[MWh/km2] [MWh/km2] [MWh/km2] [MWh/km2]

Belgium 11.5 11.9 12.8 14.4Bulgaria 39.1 29.4 31.8 35.6Czech Republic 30.2 26.7 28.1 28.8Denmark 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7Germany 55.1 50.4 53.2 56.0Estonia 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7Ireland 10.9 10.0 10.2 10.0Greece 38.0 37.8 43.1 49.8Spain 70.2 68.4 72.6 78.2France 111.0 109.1 111.2 113.3Italy 145.2 139.8 139.6 139.4Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia 45.5 45.0 45.9 47.2Lithuania 6.9 6.6 6.8 7.2Luxembourg 37.9 41.4 41.4 48.0Hungary n.a. 2.1 2.1 2.6Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 2.1 3.1 4.8 17.2Austria 442.6 459.5 470.0 502.1Poland 7.0 7.3 7.8 9.5Portugal 55.6 105.9 120.7 153.0Romania 67.5 69.5 78.4 82.9Slovenia 202.2 207.1 224.9 252.6Slovakia 94.6 98.6 105.3 110.1Finland 41.1 42.0 42.0 42.6Sweden 165.1 161.4 157.7 154.1United Kingdom 20.2 21.0 23.6 26.2


The electricity production [GWh] used for the calculation is excluding pumped storage.The surface area data can be viewed in Table 14 (page 30)

78 ECN-E--10-069

Deep geothermal electricity

ECN-E--10-069 79

Geothermal electric capacity [MW] 1 FEB 2011

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[MW] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 10: Projected geothermal electric capacity [MW] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 68: Projected geothermal electric capacity [MW] for the period 2005 - 20202005 2010 2015 2020 2020

[MW] [MW] [MW] [MW] [%]

Belgium 0 0 0 4 0Bulgaria 0 0 0 0 0Czech Republic 0 0 4 4 0Denmark 0 0 0 0 0Germany 0 10 79 298 18Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 0 0 0Greece 0 0 20 120 7Spain 0 0 0 50 3France 15 26 53 80 5Italy 711 754 837 920 57Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania 0 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0Hungary n.a. 0 4 57 4Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 0 0 0 0Austria 1 1 1 1 0Poland 0 0 0 0 0Portugal 14 25 40 75 5Romania 0 0 0 0 0Slovenia 0 0 0 0 0Slovakia 0 0 4 4 0Finland 0 0 0 0 0Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.


See Table 70 on page 82 for corresponding geothermal electricity production data.

80 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Geothermal electric capacity (growth) [%/year]

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 11: Calculated average annual growth for capacity of geothermal electricity [%/year]for four periods

Table 69: Calculated average annual growth for capacity of geothermal electricity [%/year] forfour periods


Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Bulgaria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Czech Republic n.a. n.a. 0.0 n.a.Denmark n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Germany n.a. 51.2 30.4 40.4Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Greece n.a. n.a. 43.1 n.a.Spain n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.France 11.6 15.3 8.6 11.9Italy 1.2 2.1 1.9 2.0Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Luxembourg n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Hungary n.a. n.a. 70.1 n.a.Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Austria 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Poland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Portugal 12.3 9.9 13.4 11.6Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia n.a. n.a. 0.0 n.a.Finland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.


Note that a step from 0 MW to a nonzero value in the next period will result in an ‘n.a.’ entry in the table.

ECN-E--10-069 81

Geothermal electricity generation [GWh] 1 FEB 2011

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[GWh] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 12: Projected geothermal electricity generation [GWh] for the period 2005 - 2020, allcapacity ranges excluding pumped storage

Table 70: Projected geothermal electricity generation [GWh] for the period 2005 - 20202005 2010 2015 2020 2020

[GWh] [GWh] [GWh] [GWh] [%]

Belgium 0 0 0 29 0Bulgaria 0 0 0 0 0Czech Republic 0 0 18 18 0Denmark 0 0 0 0 0Germany 0 27 377 1654 15Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 0 0 0Greece n.a. 0 123 736 7Spain 0 0 0 300 3France 95 153 314 475 4Italy 5325 5632 6191 6750 62Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania 0 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0Hungary n.a. 0 29 410 4Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 0 0 0 0Austria 2 2 2 2 0Poland 0 0 0 0 0Portugal 55 163 260 488 4Romania 0 0 0 0 0Slovenia 0 0 0 0 0Slovakia 0 0 28 30 0Finland 0 0 0 0 0Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.


See Table 68 on page 80 for corresponding geothermal electricity capacity data.

82 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Geothermal electricity generation (growth) [%/year]

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 13: Calculated average annual growth for generation of geothermal electricity [%/year]for four periods

Table 71: Calculated average annual growth for generation of geothermal electricity [%/year]for four periods


Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Bulgaria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Czech Republic n.a. n.a. 0.0 n.a.Denmark n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Germany n.a. 69.4 34.4 50.9Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Greece n.a. n.a. 43.0 n.a.Spain n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.France 10.0 15.5 8.6 12.0Italy 1.1 1.9 1.7 1.8Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Luxembourg n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Hungary n.a. n.a. 69.9 n.a.Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Austria 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Poland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Portugal 24.3 9.8 13.4 11.6Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia n.a. n.a. 1.4 n.a.Finland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.


ECN-E--10-069 83

Geothermal electricity generation (full load hours) [hrs/year] 1 FEB 2011

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[hrs/year]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 14: Calculated average number of full load hours for geothermal electricity [hrs/year]for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 72: Calculated average number of full load hours for geothermal electricity [hrs/year] forthe period 2005 - 2020


Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. 8314Bulgaria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Czech Republic n.a. n.a. 4500 4500Denmark n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Germany n.a. 2700 4772 5550Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Greece n.a. n.a. 6150 6133Spain n.a. n.a. n.a. 6000France 6333 5885 5925 5938Italy 7489 7469 7397 7337Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Luxembourg n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Hungary n.a. n.a. 7250 7193Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Austria 2000 2000 2000 2000Poland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Portugal 3929 6520 6500 6507Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia n.a. n.a. 7000 7500Finland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.


84 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Geothermal electricity generation (per capita) [kWh/cap]

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[kWh/cap]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 15: Calculated per capita (2008) generation of geothermal electricity [kWh/cap] for theperiod 2005 - 2020

Table 73: Calculated per capita (2008) generation of geothermal electricity [kWh/cap] for theperiod 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 0 0 3Bulgaria 0 0 0 0Czech Republic 0 0 2 2Denmark 0 0 0 0Germany 0 0 5 20Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 0 0Greece n.a. 0 11 66Spain 0 0 0 7France 1 2 5 7Italy 89 94 104 113Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 0 0Hungary n.a. 0 3 41Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 0 0 0Austria 0 0 0 0Poland 0 0 0 0Portugal 5 15 24 46Romania 0 0 0 0Slovenia 0 0 0 0Slovakia 0 0 5 6Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.


ECN-E--10-069 85

Geothermal electricity generation (per area) [MWh/km2] 1 FEB 2011

0

5

10

15

20

25B

elg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[MWh/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 16: Calculated per surface area (2004) generation of geothermal electricity [MWh/km2]for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 74: Calculated per surface area (2004) generation of geothermal electricity [MWh/km2]for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0Bulgaria 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Czech Republic 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2Denmark 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Germany 0.0 0.1 1.1 4.6Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Greece n.a. 0.0 0.9 5.6Spain 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6France 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.8Italy 17.7 18.7 20.5 22.4Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Luxembourg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Hungary n.a. 0.0 0.3 4.4Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Austria 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Poland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Portugal 0.6 1.8 2.8 5.3Romania 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Slovenia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Slovakia 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.6Finland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.


86 ECN-E--10-069

Solar electricity

ECN-E--10-069 87

Solar electric capacity (cumulative) [MW] 1 FEB 2011

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[GW] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 17: Projected total solar electric capacity [GW] for the period 2005 - 2020, includingphotovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solar power (CSP)

Table 75: Projected total solar electric capacity [MW] for the period 2005 - 2020, includingphotovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solar power (CSP)

2005 2010 2015 2020 2020[MW] [MW] [MW] [MW] [%]

Belgium 2 350 713 1340 1Bulgaria 0 9 220 303 0Czech Republic 1 1650 1680 1695 2Denmark 3 3 4 6 0Germany 1980 15784 34279 51753 57Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 0 0 0Greece 1 184 1300 2450 3Spain 60 4653 8966 13445 15France 25 504 2353 5400 6Italy 34 2505 5562 8600 9Cyprus 0 6 87 267 0Latvia 0 0 1 2 0Lithuania 0 1 10 10 0Luxembourg 24 27 88 113 0Hungary n.a. 0 19 63 0Malta 0 4 27 28 0Netherlands 51 92 317 722 1Austria 22 90 179 322 0Poland 0 1 2 3 0Portugal 3 156 720 1500 2Romania 0 0 148 260 0Slovenia 0 12 37 139 0Slovakia 0 60 160 300 0Finland 0 0 0 10 0Sweden 4 5 7 8 0United Kingdom 11 50 1070 2680 3


More information on subcategories for solar electricity capacity is presented in Table 77 on page 90.See Table 78 on page 91 for corresponding solar electricity production data.

88 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Solar electric capacity (growth) [%/year]

0%

50%

100%

150%

200%

250%

300%

350%

400%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech

Re

public

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 18: Calculated average annual growth for capacity of solar electricity [%/year] for fourperiods

Table 76: Calculated average annual growth for capacity of solar electricity [%/year] for fourperiods


Belgium 178.2 15.3 13.4 14.4Bulgaria n.a. 89.5 6.6 42.1Czech Republic 340.0 0.4 0.2 0.3Denmark 0.0 5.9 8.4 7.2Germany 51.5 16.8 8.6 12.6Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Greece 183.8 47.9 13.5 29.5Spain 138.7 14.0 8.4 11.2France 82.3 36.1 18.1 26.8Italy 136.3 17.3 9.1 13.1Cyprus n.a. 70.7 25.1 46.2Latvia n.a. n.a. 14.9 n.a.Lithuania n.a. 58.5 0.0 25.9Luxembourg 2.4 26.7 5.1 15.4Hungary n.a. n.a. 27.1 n.a.Malta n.a. 45.9 0.8 21.3Netherlands 12.5 28.1 17.9 22.9Austria 32.5 14.7 12.5 13.6Poland n.a. 14.9 8.4 11.6Portugal 120.4 35.8 15.8 25.4Romania n.a. n.a. 11.9 n.a.Slovenia n.a. 25.3 30.3 27.8Slovakia n.a. 21.7 13.4 17.5Finland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Sweden 4.6 7.0 2.7 4.8United Kingdom 35.4 84.5 20.2 48.9


The annual growth indicator has been calculated based total solar electricity (photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solarpower (CSP))

ECN-E--10-069 89

Solar electric capacity (breakdown) [MW] 1 FEB 2011

Table77:P

rojectedsolar

electriccapacity

[MW

]for

theperiod

2005-2020,broken

down

intophotovoltaic

(PV

)andconcentrated

solarpow

er(C

SP)

SolarphotovoltaicC

oncentratedsolarpow

erTotalsolarelectricity

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

Belgium

2350

7131340

00

00

2350

7131340

Bulgaria

09

220303

00

00

09

220303

Czech

Republic

11650

16801695

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

11650

16801695

Denm

ark3

34

60

00

03

34

6G

ermany

198015784

3427951753

00

00

198015784

3427951753

Estonia

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Irelandn.a.

n.a.0

0n.a.

n.a.0

00

00

0G

reece1

1841270

2200n.a.

030

2501

1841300

2450Spain

604021

59188367

0632

30485079

604653

896613445

France25

5042151

48600

0203

54025

5042353

5400Italy

342500

55008000

05

62600

342505

55628600

Cyprus

06

37192

00

5075

06

87267

Latvia

n.a.n.a.

12

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

00

12

Lithuania

01

1010

00

00

01

1010

Luxem

bourg24

2788

1130

00

024

2788

113H

ungaryn.a.

019

63n.a.

00

0n.a.

019

63M

altan.a.

427

28n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

427

28N

etherlands51

92317

7220

00

051

92317

722A

ustria22

90179

3220

00

022

90179

322Poland

01

23

00

00

01

23

Portugal3

156540

10000

0180

5003

156720

1500R

omania

00

148260

00

00

00

148260

Slovenia0

1237

1390

00

00

1237

139Slovakia

060

160300

00

00

060

160300

Finland0

00

100

00

00

00

10Sw

eden4

57

8n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.4

57

8U

nitedK

ingdom11

501070

2680n.a.

00

011

501070

2680

AllM

emberStates

(total)2221

2550954377

843760

6373573

70442221

2614657949

91419

SeeTable

80on

page93

forcorrespondingsolarelectricity

productiondata.

90 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Solar electricity generation (cumulative) [GWh]

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[TWh] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 19: Projected total solar electricity generation [TWh] for the period 2005 - 2020,including photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solar power (CSP)

Table 78: Projected total solar electricity generation [GWh] for the period 2005 - 2020,including photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solar power (CSP)

2005 2010 2015 2020 2020[GWh] [GWh] [GWh] [GWh] [%]



More information on subcategories for solar electricity generation is presented in Table 80 on page 93.See Table 75 on page 88 for corresponding solar electric capacity data.

ECN-E--10-069 91

Solar electricity generation (growth) [%/year] 1 FEB 2011

0%

50%

100%

150%

200%

250%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech

Re

public

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 20: Calculated average annual growth for generation from solar electricity [%/year] forfour periods

Table 79: Calculated average annual growth for generation from solar electricity [%/year] forfour periods


Belgium 213.7 15.0 13.3 14.1Bulgaria n.a. 85.4 11.5 43.8Czech Republic n.a. 24.2 0.2 11.6Denmark 0.0 8.4 5.9 7.2Germany 49.3 22.5 9.6 15.9Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Greece 199.8 48.6 15.5 31.0Spain 183.9 18.7 10.8 14.6France 94.5 37.3 18.2 27.4Italy 129.6 26.1 12.5 19.1Cyprus n.a. 103.2 20.7 56.6Latvia n.a. n.a. 32.0 n.a.Lithuania n.a. n.a. 2.9 n.a.Luxembourg 2.1 26.6 5.3 15.4Hungary n.a. 67.0 25.5 44.8Malta n.a. 46.0 0.8 21.3Netherlands 12.8 27.9 17.9 22.8Austria 32.3 14.9 12.5 13.7Poland n.a. 14.9 8.4 11.6Portugal 138.2 38.1 16.4 26.8Romania n.a. n.a. 12.2 n.a.Slovenia n.a. 25.3 30.3 27.8Slovakia n.a. 39.8 13.4 25.9Finland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Sweden n.a. 24.6 5.9 14.9United Kingdom 38.0 86.0 20.3 49.6


The annual growth indicator has been calculated based total solar electricity (photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solarpower (CSP))

92 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Solar electricity generation (breakdown) [GWh]

Tabl

e80

:Pro

ject

edso

lar

elec

tric

ityge

nera

tion

[GW

h]fo

rth

epe

riod

2005

-202

0,br

oken

dow

nin

toph

otov

olta

ic(P

V)a

ndco

ncen

trat

edso

lar

pow

er(C

SP)

Sola

rpho

tovo

ltaic

Con

cent

rate

dso

larp

ower

Tota

lsol

arel

ectr

icity

2005

2010

2015

2020

2005

2010

2015

2020

2005

2010

2015

2020

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

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ECN-E--10-069 93

Solar electricity generation (full load hours) [hrs/year] 1 FEB 2011

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[hrs/year]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 21: Calculated average number of full load hours for total solar electricity [hrs/year] forthe period 2005 - 2020

Table 81: Calculated average number of full load hours for total solar electricity [hrs/year] forthe period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 476 869 856 850Bulgaria n.a. 1333 1195 1498Czech Republic 0 350 1017 1018Denmark 667 667 750 667Germany 647 602 763 800Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Greece 1000 1315 1349 1471Spain 683 1625 1984 2207France 880 1216 1269 1275Italy 912 789 1131 1320Cyprus n.a. 1000 2391 1996Latvia n.a. n.a. 1000 2000Lithuania n.a. 0 1300 1500Luxembourg 750 741 739 743Hungary n.a. n.a. 1368 1286Malta n.a. 1528 1530 1530Netherlands 784 793 789 789Austria 955 944 950 950Poland n.a. 1000 1000 1000Portugal 1000 1474 1607 1650Romania n.a. n.a. 1216 1231Slovenia n.a. 1000 1000 1000Slovakia n.a. 500 1000 1000Finland n.a. n.a. n.a. 0Sweden 0 200 429 500United Kingdom 727 800 832 836


The full load hours have been calculated based total solar electricity (photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solar power(CSP))

94 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Solar electricity generation (per capita) [kWh/cap]

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[kWh/cap]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 22: Calculated per capita (2008) generation for total solar electricity [kWh/cap] for theperiod 2005 - 2020

Table 82: Calculated per capita (2008) generation for total solar electricity [kWh/cap] for theperiod 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 28 57 107Bulgaria 0 2 34 59Czech Republic 0 56 165 166Denmark 0 0 1 1Germany 16 116 318 503Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 0 0Greece 0 22 156 321Spain 1 167 393 655France 0 10 47 108Italy 1 33 106 190Cyprus 0 8 264 675Latvia 0 0 0 2Lithuania 0 0 4 4Luxembourg 37 41 134 174Hungary n.a. 0 3 8Malta 0 15 100 104Netherlands 2 4 15 35Austria 3 10 20 37Poland 0 0 0 0Portugal 0 22 109 233Romania 0 0 8 15Slovenia 0 6 18 69Slovakia 0 6 30 56Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden 0 0 0 0United Kingdom 0 1 15 37


The per capita indicator has been calculated based on total solar electricity (photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solarpower (CSP))

ECN-E--10-069 95

Solar electricity generation (per area) [MWh/km2] 1 FEB 2011

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Ro

mania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[MWh/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 23: Calculated per surface area (2004) generation for total solar electricity [MWh/km2]for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 83: Calculated per surface area (2004) generation for total solar electricity [MWh/km2]for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0.0 10.0 20.0 37.3Bulgaria 0.0 0.1 2.4 4.1Czech Republic 0.0 7.3 21.7 21.9Denmark 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1Germany 3.6 26.6 73.3 115.9Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Greece 0.0 1.8 13.3 27.3Spain 0.1 14.9 35.1 58.6France 0.0 1.0 4.7 10.9Italy 0.1 6.6 20.9 37.7Cyprus 0.0 0.6 22.5 57.6Latvia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1Lithuania 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2Luxembourg 7.0 7.7 25.1 32.5Hungary n.a. 0.0 0.3 0.9Malta 0.0 19.6 130.0 135.2Netherlands 1.0 1.8 6.0 13.7Austria 0.3 1.0 2.0 3.6Poland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Portugal 0.0 2.5 12.6 26.9Romania 0.0 0.0 0.8 1.3Slovenia 0.0 0.6 1.8 6.9Slovakia 0.0 0.6 3.3 6.1Finland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Sweden 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0United Kingdom 0.0 0.2 3.7 9.2


The per area indicator has been calculated based on total solar electricity (photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solarpower (CSP))

96 ECN-E--10-069

Tidal, wave and ocean energy

ECN-E--10-069 97

Tidal, wave and ocean energy electric capacity [MW] 1 FEB 2011

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[MW] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 24: Projected tidal, wave and ocean energy electric capacity [MW] for the period 2005 -2020

Table 84: Projected tidal, wave and ocean energy electric capacity [MW] for the period 2005 -2020

2005 2010 2015 2020 2020[MW] [MW] [MW] [MW] [%]

Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Bulgaria 0 0 0 0 0Czech Republic n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Denmark 0 0 0 0 0Germany 0 0 0 0 0Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 0 75 4Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain 0 0 0 100 5France 240 240 301 380 18Italy 0 0 0 3 0Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania 0 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0Hungary n.a. 0 0 0 0Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 0 0 0 0Austria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Poland 0 0 0 0 0Portugal 0 5 60 250 12Romania 0 0 0 0 0Slovenia 0 0 0 0 0Slovakia 0 0 0 0 0Finland 0 0 10 10 0Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. 0 0 1300 61


See Table 86 on page 100 for corresponding tidal, wave and ocean energy electricity production data.

98 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Tidal, wave and ocean energy electric capacity (growth) [%/year]

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 25: Calculated average annual growth for electric capacity from tidal, wave and oceanenergy [%/year] for four periods

Table 85: Calculated average annual growth for electric capacity from tidal, wave and oceanenergy [%/year] for four periods


Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Bulgaria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Czech Republic n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Denmark n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Germany n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.France 0.0 4.6 4.8 4.7Italy n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Luxembourg n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Hungary n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Austria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Poland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Portugal n.a. 64.4 33.0 47.9Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Finland n.a. n.a. 0.0 n.a.Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.


ECN-E--10-069 99

Tidal, wave and ocean energy generation [GWh] 1 FEB 2011

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech

Re

public

De

nm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[GWh] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 26: Projected tidal, wave and ocean energy electricity generation [GWh] for the period2005 - 2020, all capacity ranges excluding pumped storage

Table 86: Projected tidal, wave and ocean energy electricity generation [GWh] for the period2005 - 2020

2005 2010 2015 2020 2020[GWh] [GWh] [GWh] [GWh] [%]

Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Bulgaria 0 0 0 0 0Czech Republic n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Denmark 0 0 0 0 0Germany 0 0 0 0 0Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 0 230 4Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain 0 0 0 220 4France 535 500 789 1150 19Italy 0 0 1 5 0Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania 0 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0Hungary n.a. 0 0 0 0Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 0 0 0 0Austria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Poland 0 0 0 0 0Portugal 0 1 75 437 7Romania 0 0 0 0 0Slovenia 0 0 0 0 0Slovakia 0 0 0 0 0Finland 0 0 0 0 0Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. 0 0 3950 66


See Table 84 on page 98 for corresponding tidal, wave and ocean energy capacity data.

100 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Tidal, wave and ocean energy generation (growth) [%/year]

-20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

140%

160%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 27: Calculated average annual growth for electricity generation from tidal, wave andocean energy [%/year] for four periods

Table 87: Calculated average annual growth for electricity generation from tidal, wave andocean energy [%/year] for four periods


Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Bulgaria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Czech Republic n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Denmark n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Germany n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.France -1.3 9.6 7.8 8.7Italy n.a. n.a. 38.0 n.a.Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Luxembourg n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Hungary n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Austria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Poland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Portugal n.a. 137.1 42.3 83.7Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Finland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

All Member States (average) -1.3 11.5 47.3 28.2

ECN-E--10-069 101

Tidal, wave and ocean energy generation (full load hours) [hrs/year] 1 FEB 2011

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[hrs/year]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 28: Calculated average number of full load hours for tidal, wave and ocean energy[hrs/year] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 88: Calculated average number of full load hours for tidal, wave and ocean energy[hrs/year] for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Bulgaria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Czech Republic n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Denmark n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Germany n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. n.a. n.a. 3067Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain n.a. n.a. n.a. 2200France 2229 2083 2621 3026Italy n.a. n.a. n.a. 1667Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Luxembourg n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Hungary n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Austria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Poland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Portugal n.a. 200 1250 1748Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Finland n.a. n.a. 0 0Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. 3038


102 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Tidal, wave and ocean energy generation (per capita) [kWh/cap]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[kWh/cap]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 29: Calculated per capita (2008) electricity generation for tidal, wave and ocean energy[kWh/cap] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 89: Calculated per capita (2008) electricity generation for tidal, wave and ocean energy[kWh/cap] for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Bulgaria 0 0 0 0Czech Republic n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Denmark 0 0 0 0Germany 0 0 0 0Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 0 52Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain 0 0 0 5France 8 8 12 18Italy 0 0 0 0Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 0 0Hungary n.a. 0 0 0Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 0 0 0Austria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Poland 0 0 0 0Portugal 0 0 7 41Romania 0 0 0 0Slovenia 0 0 0 0Slovakia 0 0 0 0Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. 0 0 65


ECN-E--10-069 103

Tidal, wave and ocean energy generation (per area) [MWh/km2] 1 FEB 2011

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18B

elg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[MWh/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 30: Calculated per surface area (2004) electricity generation for tidal, wave and oceanenergy [MWh/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 90: Calculated per surface area (2004) electricity generation for tidal, wave and oceanenergy [MWh/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Bulgaria 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Czech Republic n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Denmark 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Germany 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.3Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4France 0.8 0.8 1.2 1.8Italy 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Luxembourg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Hungary n.a. 0.0 0.0 0.0Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Austria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Poland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Portugal 0.0 0.0 0.8 4.7Romania 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Slovenia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Slovakia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Finland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. 0.0 0.0 16.3


104 ECN-E--10-069

Wind power

ECN-E--10-069 105

Wind power electric capacity (cumulative) [MW] 1 FEB 2011

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[GW] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 31: Projected total wind power electric capacity [GW] for the period 2005 - 2020,including both onshore and offshore wind power

Table 91: Projected total wind power electric capacity [MW] for the period 2005 - 2020,including both onshore and offshore wind power

2005 2010 2015 2020 2020[MW] [MW] [MW] [MW] [%]

Belgium 190 733 2049 4320 2Bulgaria 8 336 984 1256 1Czech Republic 22 243 493 743 0Denmark 3129 3584 4180 3960 2Germany 18415 27676 36647 45750 21Estonia 31 147 400 650 0Ireland 494 2088 3151 4649 2Greece 491 1327 4303 7500 4Spain 9918 20155 27997 38000 18France 752 5542 13445 25000 12Italy 1639 5800 9068 12680 6Cyprus 0 82 180 300 0Latvia 26 28 104 416 0Lithuania 1 179 389 500 0Luxembourg 35 35 105 131 0Hungary n.a. 330 577 750 0Malta 0 0 7 110 0Netherlands 1224 2221 5578 11178 5Austria 694 1011 1951 2578 1Poland 121 1100 3540 6650 3Portugal 1063 4256 6125 6875 3Romania 1 560 3200 4000 2Slovenia 0 2 60 106 0Slovakia 5 5 300 350 0Finland 80 170 670 2500 1Sweden 536 1873 3210 4547 2United Kingdom 1565 5430 14210 27880 13


See Table 94 on page 109 for corresponding wind power electricity production data.

106 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Wind power electric capacity (growth) [%/year]

-50%

0%

50%

100%

150%

200%

250%

300%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 32: Calculated average annual growth for electric capacity from wind power [%/year]for four periods

Table 92: Calculated average annual growth for electric capacity from wind power [%/year] forfour periods


Belgium 31.0 22.8 16.1 19.4Bulgaria 111.2 24.0 5.0 14.1Czech Republic 61.7 15.2 8.5 11.8Denmark 2.8 3.1 -1.1 1.0Germany 8.5 5.8 4.5 5.2Estonia 36.5 22.2 10.2 16.0Ireland 33.4 8.6 8.1 8.3Greece 22.0 26.5 11.8 18.9Spain 15.2 6.8 6.3 6.5France 49.1 19.4 13.2 16.3Italy 28.8 9.3 6.9 8.1Cyprus n.a. 17.0 10.8 13.8Latvia 1.5 30.0 32.0 31.0Lithuania 182.2 16.8 5.1 10.8Luxembourg 0.0 24.6 4.5 14.1Hungary n.a. 11.8 5.4 8.6Malta n.a. 269.4 74.0 153.5Netherlands 12.7 20.2 14.9 17.5Austria 7.8 14.1 5.7 9.8Poland 55.5 26.3 13.4 19.7Portugal 32.0 7.6 2.3 4.9Romania 254.5 41.7 4.6 21.7Slovenia n.a. 97.4 12.1 48.7Slovakia 0.0 126.8 3.1 52.9Finland 16.3 31.6 30.1 30.8Sweden 28.4 11.4 7.2 9.3United Kingdom 28.2 21.2 14.4 17.8


The annual growth indicator has been calculated based total wind power (onshore and offshore wind power)

ECN-E--10-069 107

Wind power electric capacity (breakdown) [MW] 1 FEB 2011

Table93:P

rojectedw

indpow

erelectric

capacity[M

W]

forthe

period2005

-2020,brokendow

ninto

onshoreand

offshorew

indO

nshorew

indO

ffshorew

indTotalw

indpow

er

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

Belgium

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

190733

20494320

Bulgaria

8336

9841256

00

00

8336

9841256

Czech

Republic

22243

493743

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

22243

493743

Denm

ark2706

29232929

2621423

6611251

13393129

35844180

3960G

ermany

1841527526

3364735750

0150

300010000

1841527676

3664745750

Estonia

31147

400400

n.a.n.a.

n.a.250

31147

400650

Ireland469

20522899

409425

36252

555494

20883151

4649G

reece491

13274303

7200n.a.

n.a.n.a.

300491

13274303

7500Spain

991820155

2784735000

00

1503000

991820155

2799738000

France752

554210778

190000

02667

6000752

554213445

25000Italy

16395800

890012000

00

168680

16395800

906812680

Cyprus

082

180300

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

082

180300

Latvia

2628

104236

n.a.n.a.

n.a.180

2628

104416

Lithuania

1179

389500

00

00

1179

389500

Luxem

bourg35

35105

1310

00

035

35105

131H

ungaryn.a.

330577

750n.a.

00

0n.a.

330577

750M

altan.a.

07

15n.a.

00

950

07

110N

etherlands1224

19934400

60000

2281178

51781224

22215578

11178A

ustria694

10111951

25780

00

0694

10111951

2578Poland

1211100

33505600

00

0500

1211100

35406650

Portugal1063

42566100

68000

025

751063

42566125

6875R

omania

1560

32004000

00

00

1560

32004000

Slovenia0

260

1060

00

00

260

106Slovakia

55

300350

00

00

55

300350

Finland80

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

n.a.n.a.

n.a.80

170670

2500Sw

eden513

17973081

436523

76129

182536

18733210

4547U

nitedK

ingdom1351

40408710

14890214

13905500

129901565

543014210

27880

AllM

emberStates

(total)39565

81469125694

164685685

254114320

4132440440

84913142922

213379

SeeTable

96on

page111

forcorrespondingw

indpow

erelectricityproduction

data.B

ecauseforFinland

andB

elgiumno

breakdown

intoonshore

andoffshore

wind

powerhas

beenspecified

after2005the

sumofthe

subcategoriesin

2010,2015and

2020is

lowerthan

thevalue

forAllM

ember

States(total).Poland

reportsm

icro-wind

separatelyfrom

onshorew

ind,which

resultsin

adifference

between

onshoreand

totalcapacity.

108 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Wind power electricity generation (cumulative) [GWh]

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[TWh] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 33: Projected total wind power electricity generation [TWh] for the period 2005 - 2020,all capacity ranges excluding pumped storage, including onshore and offshore windpower

Table 94: Projected total wind power electricity generation [GWh] for the period 2005 - 2020,including onshore and offshore wind power

2005 2010 2015 2020 2020[GWh] [GWh] [GWh] [GWh] [%]

Belgium 320 991 6084 10474 2Bulgaria 5 605 1672 2260 0Czech Republic 21 454 975 1496 0Denmark 6614 8606 11242 11713 2Germany 26658 44668 69994 104435 21Estonia 54 337 981 1537 0Ireland 1588 4817 8339 11970 2Greece 1267 3129 9674 16797 3Spain 20729 40978 57086 78254 16France 1128 11638 30634 57900 12Italy 2558 8398 13652 20000 4Cyprus 0 31 300 499 0Latvia 47 58 228 910 0Lithuania 2 297 924 1250 0Luxembourg 52 60 192 239 0Hungary n.a. 692 1377 1545 0Malta 0 0 17 255 0Netherlands 2067 4470 13655 32408 7Austria 1343 2034 3780 4811 1Poland 136 2310 7541 15210 3Portugal 1773 10214 13400 14596 3Romania 0 460 6614 8400 2Slovenia 0 2 109 191 0Slovakia 7 7 480 560 0Finland 150 360 1520 6090 1Sweden 939 4793 8646 12500 3United Kingdom 2904 14150 39430 78270 16


More information on subcategories for wind power electricity generation is presented in Table 96 on page 111.See Table 91 on page 106 for corresponding wind power capacity data.

ECN-E--10-069 109

Wind power electricity generation (growth) [%/year] 1 FEB 2011

0%

50%

100%

150%

200%

250%

300%

350%

400%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech

Re

public

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 34: Calculated average annual growth for electricity generation from wind power[%/year] for four periods

Table 95: Calculated average annual growth for electricity generation from wind power[%/year] for four periods


Belgium 25.4 43.8 11.5 26.6Bulgaria 160.9 22.5 6.2 14.1Czech Republic 84.9 16.5 8.9 12.7Denmark 5.4 5.5 0.8 3.1Germany 10.9 9.4 8.3 8.9Estonia 44.2 23.8 9.4 16.4Ireland 24.8 11.6 7.5 9.5Greece 19.8 25.3 11.7 18.3Spain 14.6 6.9 6.5 6.7France 59.5 21.4 13.6 17.4Italy 26.8 10.2 7.9 9.1Cyprus n.a. 57.5 10.7 32.0Latvia 4.3 31.5 31.9 31.7Lithuania 171.9 25.5 6.2 15.5Luxembourg 2.9 26.2 4.5 14.8Hungary n.a. 14.8 2.3 8.4Malta n.a. 345.1 70.9 175.8Netherlands 16.7 25.0 18.9 21.9Austria 8.7 13.2 4.9 9.0Poland 76.2 26.7 15.1 20.7Portugal 41.9 5.6 1.7 3.6Romania n.a. 70.4 4.9 33.7Slovenia n.a. 122.5 11.9 57.8Slovakia 0.0 132.9 3.1 55.0Finland 19.1 33.4 32.0 32.7Sweden 38.5 12.5 7.7 10.1United Kingdom 37.3 22.7 14.7 18.7


The annual growth indicator has been calculated based total wind power (onshore and offshore wind power)

110 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Wind power electricity generation (breakdown) [GWh]

Tabl

e96

:Pro

ject

edw

ind

pow

erel

ectr

icity

gene

ratio

n[G

Wh]

for

the

peri

od20

05-2

020,

brok

endo

wn

into

onsh

ore

win

dan

dof

fsho

rew

ind

Ons

hore

win

dO

ffsh

ore

win

dTo

talw

ind

pow

er

2005

2010

2015

2020

2005

2010

2015

2020

2005

2010

2015

2020

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

Bel

gium

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

320

991

6084

1047

4B

ulga

ria

560

516

7222

600

00

05

605

1672

2260

Cze

chR

epub

lic21

454

975

1496

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

2145

497

514

96D

enm

ark

5158

6121

6322

6391

1456

2485

4920

5322

6614

8606

1124

211

713

Ger

man

y26

658

4439

761

990

7266

40

271

8004

3177

126

658

4466

869

994

1044

35E

ston

ia54

337

981

974

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

563

5433

798

115

37Ir

elan

dn.

a.47

0175

2510

228

n.a.

116

814

1742

1588

4817

8339

1197

0G

reec

e12

6731

2996

7416

125

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

672

1267

3129

9674

1679

7Sp

ain

2072

940

978

5678

670

502

00

300

7753

2072

940

978

5708

678

254

Fran

ce11

2811

638

2263

439

900

00

8000

1800

011

2811

638

3063

457

900

Ital

y25

5883

9813

199

1800

00

045

320

0025

5883

9813

652

2000

0C

ypru

s0

3130

049

9n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.0

3130

049

9L

atvi

a47

5822

851

9n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.39

147

5822

891

0L

ithua

nia

229

792

412

500

00

02

297

924

1250

Lux

embo

urg

5260

192

239

00

00

5260

192

239

Hun

gary

n.a.

692

1377

1545

n.a.

00

0n.

a.69

213

7715

45M

alta

n.a.

017

38n.

a.0

021

60

017

255

Net

herl

ands

2067

3667

9508

1337

20

803

4147

1903

620

6744

7013

655

3240

8A

ustr

ia13

4320

3437

8048

110

00

013

4320

3437

8048

11Po

land

136

2310

7370

1316

00

00

1050

136

2310

7541

1521

0Po

rtug

al17

7310

214

1342

014

416

00

6018

017

7310

214

1340

014

596

Rom

ania

046

066

1484

000

00

00

460

6614

8400

Slov

enia

02

109

191

00

00

02

109

191

Slov

akia

77

480

560

00

00

77

480

560

Finl

and

150

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

150

360

1520

6090

Swed

en87

745

8582

9212

000

6220

835

450

093

947

9386

4612

500

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

2501

9520

2061

034

150

403

4630

1882

044

120

2904

1415

039

430

7827

0

All

Mem

berS

tate

s(t

otal

)66

533

1546

9525

4979

3436

9019

2185

1345

872

1333

1670

362

1645

5930

8547

4945

70

See

Tabl

e93

onpa

ge10

8fo

rcor

resp

ondi

ngw

ind

pow

erca

paci

tyda

ta.

ForF

inla

ndno

brea

kdow

nin

toon

shor

ean

dof

fsho

rew

ind

pow

erha

sbe

ensp

ecifi

edaf

ter2

005.

ForI

rela

ndth

een

ergy

prod

uctio

nha

sno

tbee

nal

loca

ted

toei

ther

onsh

ore

orof

fsho

rew

ind

pow

erfo

rth

eye

ar20

05.

The

refo

re,t

hesu

mof

the

subc

ateg

orie

sis

low

erth

anth

eva

lue

for

All

Mem

ber

Stat

es(t

otal

).Po

land

repo

rts

mic

ro-w

ind

sepa

rate

lyfr

omon

shor

ew

ind,

whi

chre

sults

ina

diff

eren

cebe

twee

non

shor

ean

dto

tale

lect

rici

typr

oduc

tion.

ECN-E--10-069 111

Wind power electricity generation (full load hours) [hrs/year] 1 FEB 2011

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[hrs/year]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 35: Calculated average number of full load hours for total wind power [hrs/year] for theperiod 2005 - 2020

Table 97: Calculated average number of full load hours for total wind power [hrs/year] for theperiod 2005 - 2020


Belgium 1680 1351 2970 2425Bulgaria 625 1801 1699 1799Czech Republic 955 1868 1978 2013Denmark 2114 2401 2689 2958Germany 1448 1614 1910 2283Estonia 1742 2293 2453 2365Ireland 3215 2307 2646 2575Greece 2580 2358 2248 2240Spain 2090 2033 2039 2059France 1500 2100 2278 2316Italy 1561 1448 1506 1577Cyprus n.a. 378 1667 1663Latvia 1808 2071 2192 2188Lithuania 2000 1659 2375 2500Luxembourg 1486 1714 1829 1824Hungary n.a. 2097 2386 2060Malta n.a. 1000 2539 2324Netherlands 1689 2013 2448 2899Austria 1935 2012 1937 1866Poland 1124 2100 2130 2287Portugal 1668 2400 2188 2123Romania 0 821 2067 2100Slovenia n.a. 1000 1817 1802Slovakia 1400 1400 1600 1600Finland 1875 2118 2269 2436Sweden 1752 2559 2693 2749United Kingdom 1856 2606 2775 2807


The full load hours have been calculated based total wind power (onshore and offshore wind power)

112 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Wind power electricity generation (per capita) [kWh/cap]

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[kWh/cap]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 36: Calculated per capita (2008) electricity generation for total wind power [kWh/cap]for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 98: Calculated per capita (2008) electricity generation for total wind power [kWh/cap]for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 30 93 570 982Bulgaria 1 79 219 296Czech Republic 2 44 94 144Denmark 1208 1572 2053 2139Germany 324 543 851 1270Estonia 40 251 732 1146Ireland 361 1094 1895 2720Greece 113 279 863 1498Spain 458 905 1261 1728France 18 182 479 905Italy 43 141 229 335Cyprus 0 39 380 632Latvia 21 26 100 401Lithuania 1 88 274 371Luxembourg 107 124 397 494Hungary n.a. 69 137 154Malta 0 0 43 621Netherlands 126 272 832 1975Austria 161 245 454 578Poland 4 61 198 399Portugal 167 962 1262 1375Romania 0 21 307 390Slovenia 0 1 54 95Slovakia 1 1 89 104Finland 28 68 287 1149Sweden 102 522 942 1361United Kingdom 47 231 644 1279


The per capita indicator has been calculated based total wind power (onshore and offshore wind power)

ECN-E--10-069 113

Wind power electricity generation (per area) [MWh/km2] 1 FEB 2011

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Ro

mania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[MWh/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 37: Calculated per surface area (2004) electricity generation for total wind power[MWh/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 99: Calculated per surface area (2004) electricity generation for total wind power[MWh/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 10.5 32.4 199.3 343.1Bulgaria 0.0 5.5 15.1 20.4Czech Republic 0.3 5.8 12.4 19.0Denmark 153.5 199.7 260.8 271.8Germany 74.7 125.1 196.0 292.5Estonia 1.2 7.7 22.4 35.2Ireland 22.8 69.0 119.5 171.5Greece 9.6 23.7 73.3 127.3Spain 41.0 81.0 112.8 154.7France 1.8 18.4 48.4 91.5Italy 8.5 27.9 45.3 66.4Cyprus 0.0 3.4 32.4 53.9Latvia 0.7 0.9 3.5 14.1Lithuania 0.0 4.5 14.2 19.1Luxembourg 20.1 23.2 74.2 92.4Hungary n.a. 7.4 14.8 16.6Malta 0.0 0.0 55.4 807.0Netherlands 49.8 107.6 328.8 780.4Austria 16.0 24.3 45.1 57.4Poland 0.4 7.4 24.1 48.6Portugal 19.3 111.0 145.6 158.6Romania 0.0 1.9 27.7 35.2Slovenia 0.0 0.1 5.4 9.4Slovakia 0.1 0.1 9.8 11.4Finland 0.4 1.1 4.5 18.0Sweden 2.1 10.9 19.6 28.3United Kingdom 11.9 58.2 162.2 322.0


The per area indicator has been calculated based total wind power (onshore and offshore wind power)

114 ECN-E--10-069

Biomass electricity

ECN-E--10-069 115

Biomass electric capacity (cumulative) [MW] 1 FEB 2011

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[GW] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 38: Projected total biomass electric capacity [GW] for the period 2005 - 2020, allbiomass input categories

Table 100: Projected total biomass electric capacity [MW] for the period 2005 - 2020, allbiomass input categories

2005 2010 2015 2020 2020[MW] [MW] [MW] [MW] [%]



More information on subcategories for biomass electric capacity is presented in Table 102 on page 118.See Table 103 on page 119 for corresponding biomass electricity electricity production data.

116 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Biomass electric capacity (growth) [%/year]

-20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 39: Calculated average annual growth for capacity of biomass electricity [%/year] forfour periods, all biomass input categories

Table 101: Calculated average annual growth for capacity of biomass electricity [%/year] forfour periods, all biomass input categories


Belgium 12.7 15.9 13.7 14.8Bulgaria n.a. n.a. 7.7 n.a.Czech Republic 25.7 18.8 9.3 13.9Denmark 5.5 12.6 8.6 10.6Germany 14.7 4.1 2.7 3.4Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 30.9 12.2 2.2 7.1Greece 20.1 14.9 15.8 15.3Spain 4.6 5.1 10.5 7.8France 8.3 12.5 9.7 11.1Italy 15.4 8.4 5.9 7.1Cyprus n.a. 10.8 11.2 11.0Latvia 5.4 53.3 12.7 31.4Lithuania 46.7 34.6 8.4 20.7Luxembourg 7.6 22.6 10.4 16.3Hungary n.a. 2.3 7.4 4.8Malta n.a. 52.1 -0.5 23.0Netherlands 4.9 11.3 3.4 7.3Austria 4.4 0.3 0.8 0.6Poland 5.8 32.1 10.6 20.9Portugal 6.3 7.0 1.0 3.9Romania n.a. 97.9 7.1 45.6Slovenia 23.2 10.2 3.0 6.5Slovakia 19.2 13.8 4.5 9.0Finland -3.5 4.2 5.8 5.0Sweden 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8United Kingdom 5.7 5.7 10.9 8.2


ECN-E--10-069 117

Biomass electric capacity (breakdown) [MW] 1 FEB 2011

Table102:P

rojectedbiom

asselectric

capacity[M

W]

forthe

period2005

-2020,allbiomass

inputcategoriesSolid

biomass

Biogas

Bioliquids

Totalbiomass

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

[MW

][M

W]

Belgium

270498

10522007

57106

224427

1314

1518

340618

12902452

Bulgaria

00

6593

00

4565

00

00

00

109158

Czech

Republic

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

36113

267417

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

36113

267417

Denm

ark740

9911717

240437

2695

3490

026

26777

10171837

2779G

ermany

24273707

43584792

6932368

31263796

54237

237237

31746312

77218825

Estonia

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Ireland2

1575

9118

6262

620

00

020

77137

153G

reecen.a.

2020

4024

40100

210n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.24

60120

250Spain

449596

7451187

152156

220400

00

00

601752

9651587

France623

8881531

238284

164363

6250

00

0707

10521895

3007Italy

6531026

13331640

284453

8261200

0439

710980

9371918

28693820

Cyprus

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

06

1017

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

06

1017

Latvia

32

46108

711

6492

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

1013

110200

Lithuania

222

115162

312

3562

00

00

534

150224

Luxem

bourg4

513

305

823

29n.a.

00

09

1336

59H

ungaryn.a.

360377

500n.a.

1443

100n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

374420

600M

altan.a.

015

15n.a.

38

7n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

323

23N

etherlands966

12142062

2253162

216381

6390

00

01128

14302443

2892A

ustria892

10991114

116472

97100

10212

1515

15976

12111228

1281Poland

268300

13001550

1880

230980

00

00

286380

15302530

Portugal178

273367

3679

37105

150289

334435

435476

647907

952R

omania

010

300405

04

125195

00

00

014

425600

Slovenia15

2224

343

3058

610

0n.a.

n.a.18

5183

96Slovakia

47100

145170

218

80110

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

49118

225280

Finlandn.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.2140

17902200

2920Sw

eden2526

26412757

287242

4242

42n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.2568

26832799

2914U

nitedK

ingdom501

5801290

3140957

13401240

1100n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.1458

19202530

4240

AllM

emberStates

(total)10566

1436920821

274062665

54057871

11237368

10391438

171115739

2260532329

43275

SeeTable

105on

page121

forcorrespondingbiom

asselectricity

electricityproduction

data.ForFinland

nobreakdow

ninto

biomass

inputtypeshas

beenprovided.T

herefore,thesum

ofallcategoriesis

lowerthan

thevalue

forAllM

ember

States(total).

118 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Biomass electricity generation (cumulative) [GWh]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[TWh] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 40: Projected total biomass electricity generation [TWh] for the period 2005 - 2020, allbiomass input categories

Table 103: Projected total biomass electricity generation [GWh] for the period 2005 - 2020, allbiomass input categories

2005 2010 2015 2020 2020[GWh] [GWh] [GWh] [GWh] [%]

Belgium n.a. 3007 5952 11039 5Bulgaria 0 2 656 871 0Czech Republic 721 1930 4819 6165 3Denmark 3243 3772 6035 8846 4Germany 14025 32778 42090 49457 21Estonia 33 241 346 346 0Ireland 116 347 887 1006 0Greece 94 254 504 1259 1Spain 2653 4517 5962 10017 4France 3819 5441 10496 17171 7Italy 4675 8645 13712 18780 8Cyprus 0 30 84 143 0Latvia 41 72 664 1226 1Lithuania 7 147 761 1223 1Luxembourg 46 70 200 334 0Hungary n.a. 1955 2250 3324 1Malta 0 9 140 135 0Netherlands 5041 5975 13350 16639 7Austria 2823 4720 4826 5147 2Poland 1451 6028 9893 14218 6Portugal 1976 2400 3358 3516 2Romania 0 67 2050 2900 1Slovenia 114 298 623 676 0Slovakia 32 610 1349 1710 1Finland 9660 8090 9880 12910 6Sweden 7506 10567 13628 16689 7United Kingdom 9109 12330 14290 26160 11


More information on subcategories for biomass electricity generation is presented in Table 105 on page 121.See Table 100 on page 116 for corresponding biomass electricity capacity data.As indicated in section 1.5.26 the subtotal for Biomass in Sweden does not include liquid energy carriers. For thisreason the sum of all subcategories is 65 GWh higher than the value for All Member States (total).

ECN-E--10-069 119

Biomass electricity generation (growth) [%/year] 1 FEB 2011

-50%

0%

50%

100%

150%

200%

250%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 41: Calculated average annual growth for generation from biomass electricity [%/year]for four periods, all biomass input categories

Table 104: Calculated average annual growth for generation from biomass electricity [%/year]for four periods, all biomass input categories


Belgium n.a. 14.6 13.1 13.9Bulgaria n.a. 218.5 5.8 83.6Czech Republic 21.8 20.1 5.0 12.3Denmark 3.1 9.9 7.9 8.9Germany 18.5 5.1 3.3 4.2Estonia 48.8 7.5 0.0 3.7Ireland 24.5 20.6 2.5 11.2Greece 22.0 14.7 20.1 17.4Spain 11.2 5.7 10.9 8.3France 7.3 14.0 10.3 12.2Italy 13.1 9.7 6.5 8.1Cyprus n.a. 22.9 11.2 16.9Latvia 11.9 55.9 13.0 32.8Lithuania 83.8 38.9 10.0 23.6Luxembourg 8.8 23.4 10.8 16.9Hungary n.a. 2.9 8.1 5.5Malta n.a. 74.3 -0.6 31.6Netherlands 3.5 17.4 4.5 10.8Austria 10.8 0.4 1.3 0.9Poland 33.0 10.4 7.5 9.0Portugal 4.0 6.9 0.9 3.9Romania n.a. 98.2 7.2 45.8Slovenia 21.2 15.9 1.6 8.5Slovakia 80.3 17.2 4.9 10.9Finland -3.5 4.1 5.5 4.8Sweden 7.1 5.2 4.1 4.7United Kingdom 6.2 3.0 12.9 7.8


120 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Biomass electricity generation (breakdown) [GWh]

Tabl

e10

5:P

roje

cted

biom

ass

elec

tric

ityge

nera

tion

[GW

h]fo

rth

epe

riod

2005

-202

0,br

oken

dow

nin

tobi

omas

sin

putc

ateg

orie

sSo

lidbi

omas

sB

ioga

sB

ioliq

uids

Tota

lbio

mas

s

2005

2010

2015

2020

2005

2010

2015

2020

2005

2010

2015

2020

2005

2010

2015

2020

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

[GW

h][G

Wh]

Bel

gium

1521

2580

5145

9575

235

393

777

1439

3534

3025

n.a.

3007

5952

1103

9B

ulga

ria

00

387

514

02

269

357

00

00

02

656

871

Cze

chR

epub

lic56

013

0630

6532

9416

162

417

5428

710

00

072

119

3048

1961

65D

enm

ark

2960

3578

5312

6345

283

194

721

2493

00

18

3243

3772

6035

8846

Ger

man

y10

044

1749

821

695

2456

936

5213

829

1894

623

438

329

1450

1450

1450

1402

532

778

4209

049

457

Est

onia

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

3324

134

634

6Ir

elan

d8

2856

768

710

832

032

031

90

00

011

634

788

710

06G

reec

en.

a.73

7336

494

181

431

895

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

9425

450

412

59Sp

ain

2029

3719

4660

7400

623

799

1302

2617

00

00

2653

4517

5962

1001

7Fr

ance

3341

4506

8366

1347

047

893

521

2937

010

00

038

1954

4110

496

1717

1It

aly

3477

4758

6329

7900

1198

2129

4074

6020

017

5833

0948

6046

7586

4513

712

1878

0C

ypru

sn.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.0

3084

143

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

030

8414

3L

atvi

a5

827

164

236

6439

358

4n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.41

7266

412

26L

ithua

nia

398

533

810

450

228

413

00

00

714

776

112

23L

uxem

bour

g19

2577

190

2744

123

144

n.a.

00

046

7020

033

4H

unga

ryn.

a.18

7019

8826

88n.

a.85

262

636

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

1955

2250

3324

Mal

tan.

a.0

8686

n.a.

954

50n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.0

914

013

5N

ethe

rlan

ds47

5851

0311

189

1197

528

387

221

6146

640

00

050

4159

7513

350

1663

9A

ustr

ia25

0741

3142

2345

3028

355

356

758

133

3636

3628

2347

2048

2651

47Po

land

1340

5700

8950

1020

011

132

894

340

180

00

014

5160

2898

9314

218

Port

ugal

934

1092

1468

1468

3413

036

852

510

0811

7015

2315

2319

7624

0033

5835

16R

oman

ia0

4814

5019

500

1960

095

00

00

00

6720

5029

00Sl

oven

ia82

150

272

309

3214

835

136

70

0n.

a.n.

a.11

429

862

367

6Sl

ovak

ia27

540

725

850

570

624

860

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

3261

013

4917

10Fi

nlan

d96

4039

3053

0078

6020

4050

270

n.a.

4120

4530

4780

9660

8090

9880

1291

0Sw

eden

7452

1051

313

574

1663

553

5353

5365

6565

6575

0610

567

1362

816

689

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

4347

5500

7990

2059

047

6268

3063

0055

70n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.n.

a.91

0912

330

1429

026

160

All

Mem

berS

tate

s(t

otal

)55

054

7675

411

3695

1549

0012

482

2873

143

884

6397

814

7086

3310

944

1274

767

185

1143

0216

8805

2319

07

See

Tabl

e10

2on

page

118

forc

orre

spon

ding

biom

ass

elec

tric

ityca

paci

tyda

ta.

ECN-E--10-069 121

Biomass electricity generation (full load hours) [hrs/year] 1 FEB 2011

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[hrs/year]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 42: Calculated average number of full load hours for total biomass electricity [hrs/year]for the period 2005 - 2020, all biomass input categories

Table 106: Calculated average number of full load hours for total biomass electricity [hrs/year]for the period 2005 - 2020, all biomass input categories


Belgium n.a. 4869 4614 4503Bulgaria n.a. n.a. 6018 5513Czech Republic 20028 17080 18049 14784Denmark 4174 3709 3285 3183Germany 4419 5193 5451 5604Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 5800 4506 6474 6575Greece 3917 4233 4200 5036Spain 4414 6007 6178 6312France 5402 5172 5539 5710Italy 4989 4507 4779 4916Cyprus n.a. 5000 8400 8412Latvia 4100 5538 6036 6130Lithuania 1400 4324 5073 5460Luxembourg 5111 5385 5556 5661Hungary n.a. 5227 5357 5540Malta n.a. 3056 6047 6016Netherlands 4469 4178 5465 5753Austria 2892 3898 3930 4018Poland 5073 15863 6466 5620Portugal 4151 3709 3702 3693Romania n.a. 4786 4824 4833Slovenia 6333 5843 7506 7042Slovakia 653 5169 5996 6107Finland 4514 4520 4491 4421Sweden 2923 3939 4869 5727United Kingdom 6248 6422 5648 6170


122 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Biomass electricity generation (per capita) [kWh/cap]

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[kWh/cap]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 43: Calculated per capita (2008) generation for total biomass electricity [kWh/cap] forthe period 2005 - 2020, all biomass input categories

Table 107: Calculated per capita (2008) generation for total biomass electricity [kWh/cap] forthe period 2005 - 2020, all biomass input categories


Belgium n.a. 282 558 1035Bulgaria 0 0 86 114Czech Republic 69 186 464 594Denmark 592 689 1102 1615Germany 171 399 512 602Estonia 25 180 258 258Ireland 26 79 202 229Greece 8 23 45 112Spain 59 100 132 221France 60 85 164 268Italy 78 145 230 315Cyprus 0 38 106 181Latvia 18 32 292 540Lithuania 2 44 226 363Luxembourg 95 145 413 690Hungary n.a. 195 224 331Malta 0 21 341 330Netherlands 307 364 814 1014Austria 339 567 580 619Poland 38 158 260 373Portugal 186 226 316 331Romania 0 3 95 135Slovenia 57 148 310 336Slovakia 6 113 250 317Finland 1822 1526 1864 2436Sweden 817 1151 1484 1817United Kingdom 149 202 234 428


The population data can be viewed in Table 14 (page 30)

ECN-E--10-069 123

Biomass electricity generation (per area) [MWh/km2] 1 FEB 2011

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Ro

mania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[MWh/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 44: Calculated per surface area (2004) generation for total biomass electricity[MWh/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 108: Calculated per surface area (2004) generation for total biomass electricity[MWh/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium n.a. 98.5 195.0 361.6Bulgaria 0.0 0.0 5.9 7.8Czech Republic 9.1 24.5 61.1 78.2Denmark 75.2 87.5 140.0 205.3Germany 39.3 91.8 117.9 138.5Estonia 0.8 5.5 7.9 7.9Ireland 1.7 5.0 12.7 14.4Greece 0.7 1.9 3.8 9.5Spain 5.2 8.9 11.8 19.8France 6.0 8.6 16.6 27.1Italy 15.5 28.7 45.5 62.3Cyprus 0.0 3.2 9.1 15.5Latvia 0.6 1.1 10.3 19.0Lithuania 0.1 2.3 11.7 18.7Luxembourg 17.8 27.1 77.3 129.2Hungary n.a. 21.0 24.2 35.7Malta 0.0 27.5 443.0 429.3Netherlands 121.4 143.9 321.5 400.7Austria 33.7 56.3 57.5 61.4Poland 4.6 19.3 31.6 45.5Portugal 21.5 26.1 36.5 38.2Romania 0.0 0.3 8.6 12.2Slovenia 5.6 14.7 30.7 33.3Slovakia 0.7 12.4 27.5 34.9Finland 28.6 23.9 29.2 38.2Sweden 17.0 23.9 30.9 37.8United Kingdom 37.5 50.7 58.8 107.6


The surface area data can be viewed in Table 14 (page 30)

124 ECN-E--10-069

Deep geothermal thermal energy

ECN-E--10-069 125

Geothermal heat energy [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800B

elg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[ktoe] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 45: Projected total geothermal heat energy [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 109: Projected total geothermal heat energy [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 20202005 2010 2015 2020 2020

[ktoe] [ktoe] [ktoe] [ktoe] [%]

Belgium 2.8 3.2 4.1 5.7 0Bulgaria n.a. 1 3 9 0Czech Republic 0 0 15 15 1Denmark 0 0 0 0 0Germany 12 34 234 686 27Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 0 0 0Greece 10 24 23 51 2Spain 4 4 5 10 0France 130 155 310 500 20Italy 213 226 260 300 12Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania 2 3 4 5 0Luxembourg n.a. 0 0 0 0Hungary n.a. 101 147 357 14Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 39 130 259 10Austria 19 19 27 40 2Poland n.a. 23 57 178 7Portugal 1 10 18 25 1Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 16 18 19 20 1Slovakia 3 3 40 90 4Finland 0 0 0 0 0Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom 1 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

All Member States (total) 413.8 663.2 1296.1 2550.7 100

126 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Geothermal heat energy (growth) [%/year]

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 46: Calculated average annual growth for energy from geothermal heat [%/year] forfour periods

Table 110: Calculated average annual growth for energy from geothermal heat [%/year] forfour periods


Belgium 2.7 5.1 6.8 5.9Bulgaria n.a. 24.6 24.6 24.6Czech Republic n.a. n.a. 0.0 n.a.Denmark n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Germany 23.2 47.1 24.0 35.0Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Greece 19.1 -0.8 17.3 7.8Spain 0.0 4.6 14.9 9.6France 3.6 14.9 10.0 12.4Italy 1.2 2.8 2.9 2.9Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania 8.4 5.9 4.6 5.2Luxembourg n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Hungary n.a. 7.8 19.4 13.5Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. 27.2 14.8 20.8Austria 0.0 7.3 8.2 7.7Poland n.a. 19.9 25.6 22.7Portugal 58.5 12.5 6.8 9.6Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 2.4 1.1 1.0 1.1Slovakia 0.0 67.9 17.6 40.5Finland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.


ECN-E--10-069 127

Geothermal heat energy (per capita) [toe/1000 inhabitants] 1 FEB 2011

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[toe/1000 inhabitants]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 47: Calculated per capita (2008) energy for total geothermal heat [toe/1000 inhabitants]for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 111: Calculated per capita (2008) energy for total geothermal heat [toe/1000 inhabitants]for the period 2005 - 2020

2005 2010 2015 2020[toe/1000 inhabitants] [toe/1000 inhabitants] [toe/1000 inhabitants] [toe/1000 inhabitants]

Belgium 0 0 0 1Bulgaria n.a. 0 0 1Czech Republic 0 0 1 1Denmark 0 0 0 0Germany 0 0 3 8Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 0 0Greece 1 2 2 5Spain 0 0 0 0France 2 2 5 8Italy 4 4 4 5Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania 1 1 1 1Luxembourg n.a. 0 0 0Hungary n.a. 10 15 36Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 2 8 16Austria 2 2 3 5Poland n.a. 1 1 5Portugal 0 1 2 2Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 8 9 9 10Slovakia 1 1 7 17Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom 0 n.a. n.a. n.a.



128 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Geothermal heat energy (per area) [toe/km2]

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[toe/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 48: Calculated per surface area (2004) energy for total geothermal heat [toe/km2] forthe period 2005 - 2020

Table 112: Calculated per surface area (2004) energy for total geothermal heat [toe/km2] forthe period 2005 - 2020

2005 2010 2015 2020[toe/km2] [toe/km2] [toe/km2] [toe/km2]

Belgium 0 0 0 0Bulgaria n.a. 0 0 0Czech Republic 0 0 0 0Denmark 0 0 0 0Germany 0 0 1 2Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 0 0Greece 0 0 0 0Spain 0 0 0 0France 0 0 0 1Italy 1 1 1 1Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania 0 0 0 0Luxembourg n.a. 0 0 0Hungary n.a. 1 2 4Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 1 3 6Austria 0 0 0 0Poland n.a. 0 0 1Portugal 0 0 0 0Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 1 1 1 1Slovakia 0 0 1 2Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom 0 n.a. n.a. n.a.



ECN-E--10-069 129

Solar thermal energy

ECN-E--10-069 131

Solar thermal energy [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[ktoe] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 49: Projected total solar thermal energy [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 113: Projected total solar thermal energy [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 20202005 2010 2015 2020 2020


Belgium 3 29 91 199 3Bulgaria n.a. 6 11 21 0Czech Republic 2 7 15 22 0Denmark 10 11 14 16 0Germany 238 440 741 1245 20Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 4 12 20 0Greece 101 216 271 355 6Spain 61 159 308 644 10France 38 130 465 927 15Italy 27 113 424 1586 25Cyprus 41 59 75 90 1Latvia 0 0 1 2 0Lithuania 0 0 5 9 0Luxembourg 0 1 2 8 0Hungary n.a. 6 31 82 1Malta n.a. 3 3 3 0Netherlands 16 20 17 23 0Austria 92 127 181 269 4Poland n.a. 21 176 506 8Portugal 22 50 105 160 3Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 3 5 10 21 0Slovakia 0 2 7 30 0Finland 0 0 0 0 0Sweden 6 6 6 6 0United Kingdom 29 34 34 34 1


132 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Solar thermal energy (growth) [%/year]

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 50: Calculated average annual growth for energy from solar thermal [%/year] for fourperiods

Table 114: Calculated average annual growth for energy from solar thermal [%/year] for fourperiods


Belgium 54.4 25.8 16.9 21.2Bulgaria n.a. 12.9 13.8 13.3Czech Republic 28.5 16.5 8.0 12.1Denmark 1.9 4.9 2.7 3.8Germany 13.1 11.0 10.9 11.0Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. 24.6 10.8 17.5Greece 16.4 4.6 5.5 5.1Spain 21.1 14.1 15.9 15.0France 27.9 29.0 14.8 21.7Italy 33.2 30.3 30.2 30.2Cyprus 7.4 4.9 3.8 4.4Latvia n.a. n.a. 14.9 n.a.Lithuania n.a. n.a. 12.5 n.a.Luxembourg n.a. 14.9 32.0 23.1Hungary n.a. 38.9 21.5 29.9Malta n.a. 1.7 0.1 0.9Netherlands 4.6 -3.2 6.2 1.4Austria 6.7 7.3 8.2 7.8Poland n.a. 53.0 23.5 37.5Portugal 17.8 16.0 8.8 12.3Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 10.8 14.9 16.0 15.4Slovakia n.a. 28.5 33.8 31.1Finland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Sweden 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0United Kingdom 3.2 0.0 0.0 0.0


ECN-E--10-069 133

Solar thermal energy (per capita) [toe/1000 inhabitants] 1 FEB 2011

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes


2010

2015

2020

Figure 51: Calculated per capita (2008) energy for total solar thermal [toe/1000 inhabitants]for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 115: Calculated per capita (2008) energy for total solar thermal [toe/1000 inhabitants]for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 3 9 19Bulgaria n.a. 1 1 3Czech Republic 0 1 1 2Denmark 2 2 3 3Germany 3 5 9 15Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 1 3 5Greece 9 19 24 32Spain 1 4 7 14France 1 2 7 14Italy 0 2 7 27Cyprus 52 75 95 115Latvia 0 0 0 1Lithuania 0 0 1 3Luxembourg 0 2 4 17Hungary n.a. 1 3 8Malta n.a. 6 7 7Netherlands 1 1 1 1Austria 11 15 22 32Poland n.a. 1 5 13Portugal 2 5 10 15Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 1 2 5 10Slovakia 0 0 1 6Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden 1 1 1 1United Kingdom 0 1 1 1



134 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Solar thermal energy (per area) [toe/km2]

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[toe/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 52: Calculated per surface area (2004) energy for total solar thermal [toe/km2] for theperiod 2005 - 2020

Table 116: Calculated per surface area (2004) energy for total solar thermal [toe/km2] for theperiod 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 1 3 7Bulgaria n.a. 0 0 0Czech Republic 0 0 0 0Denmark 0 0 0 0Germany 1 1 2 3Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 0 0Greece 1 2 2 3Spain 0 0 1 1France 0 0 1 1Italy 0 0 1 5Cyprus 4 6 8 10Latvia 0 0 0 0Lithuania 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 1 3Hungary n.a. 0 0 1Malta n.a. 8 9 9Netherlands 0 0 0 1Austria 1 2 2 3Poland n.a. 0 1 2Portugal 0 1 1 2Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 0 0 0 1Slovakia 0 0 0 1Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden 0 0 0 0United Kingdom 0 0 0 0



ECN-E--10-069 135

Biomass thermal energy

ECN-E--10-069 137

Biomass heat energy (cumulative) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[Mtoe] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 53: Projected total biomass heat energy [Mtoe] for the period 2005 - 2020, all biomassinput categories

Table 117: Projected total biomass heat energy [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 2020, all biomassinput categories

2005 2010 2015 2020 2020[ktoe] [ktoe] [ktoe] [ktoe] [%]

Belgium 477 682 1178 2034 2Bulgaria 724 734 929 1073 1Czech Republic 1374 1759 2248 2517 3Denmark 1759 2245 2526 2643 3Germany 7260 9092 10388 11355 13Estonia 505 612 626 607 1Ireland 183 198 388 486 1Greece 951 1012 1128 1222 1Spain 3477 3583 4060 4950 6France 9153 9953 12760 16455 19Italy 1655 2239 3521 5670 7Cyprus 4 18 24 30 0Latvia 1114 1020 1178 1392 2Lithuania 686 663 879 1023 1Luxembourg 19 24 51 83 0Hungary n.a. 812 829 1277 1Malta 0 1 2 2 0Netherlands 647 715 980 1520 2Austria 3033 3415 3463 3607 4Poland n.a. 3911 4227 5089 6Portugal 2507 2179 2339 2322 3Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 445 415 495 526 1Slovakia 358 447 576 690 1Finland 5490 4990 5810 6610 8Sweden 7013 7817 8622 9426 11United Kingdom 560 323 958 3914 5


More information on subcategories for biomass heat energy is presented in Table 119 on page 140.

138 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Biomass heat energy (growth) [%/year]

-15%

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 54: Calculated average annual growth for energy from biomass heat [%/year] for fourperiods, all biomass input categories

Table 118: Calculated average annual growth for energy from biomass heat [%/year] for fourperiods, all biomass input categories


Belgium 7.4 11.5 11.5 11.5Bulgaria 0.3 4.8 2.9 3.9Czech Republic 5.1 5.0 2.3 3.6Denmark 5.0 2.4 0.9 1.6Germany 4.6 2.7 1.8 2.2Estonia 3.9 0.5 -0.6 -0.1Ireland 1.6 14.4 4.6 9.4Greece 1.3 2.2 1.6 1.9Spain 0.6 2.5 4.0 3.3France 1.7 5.1 5.2 5.2Italy 6.2 9.5 10.0 9.7Cyprus 34.2 5.7 4.5 5.1Latvia -1.7 2.9 3.4 3.2Lithuania -0.7 5.8 3.1 4.4Luxembourg 4.8 16.3 10.2 13.2Hungary n.a. 0.4 9.0 4.6Malta n.a. 17.0 -4.9 5.5Netherlands 2.0 6.5 9.2 7.8Austria 2.4 0.3 0.8 0.5Poland n.a. 1.6 3.8 2.7Portugal -2.8 1.4 -0.1 0.6Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia -1.4 3.6 1.2 2.4Slovakia 4.5 5.2 3.7 4.4Finland -1.9 3.1 2.6 2.9Sweden 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.9United Kingdom -10.4 24.3 32.5 28.3


ECN-E--10-069 139

Biomass heat energy (breakdown) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

Table119:P

rojectedbiom

assheatenergy

[ktoe]for

theperiod

2005-2020,broken

down

intobiom

assinputcategories

Solidbiom

assB

iogasB

ioliquidsB

io-SNG

forgridfeed-in

Totalbiomass

thermalenergy

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

Belgium

476669

11381947

29

2655

04

1432

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

477682

11782034

Bulgaria

724734

9161053

00

1320

00

00

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

724734

9291073

Czech

Republic

13511706

21372350

2353

110167

00

00

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

13741759

22482517

Denm

ark1714

21782426

247045

5992

1650

88

8n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.1759

22452526

2643G

ermany

67947516

83898952

154912

13121692

313664

688711

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

72609092

1038811355

Estonia

505612

626607

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

505612

626607

Ireland176

188362

4537

1026

330

00

0n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.183

198388

486G

reece951

10121128

1222n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.951

10121128

1222Spain

34413550

39974850

3633

63100

00

00

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

34773583

40604950

France9067

987012500

1590086

83260

5550

00

0n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.9153

995312760

16455Italy

16292206

34045254

2626

83266

07

33150

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

16552239

35215670

Cyprus

418

2430

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

418

2430

Latvia

11131013

11391343

17

3949

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

11141020

11781392

Lithuania

685657

851973

16

2850

00

00

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

686663

8791023

Luxem

bourg16

1939

703

512

13n.a.

00

0n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.19

2451

83H

ungaryn.a.

812800

1225n.a.

030

56n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

812829

1277M

altan.a.

00

0n.a.

12

2n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

12

2N

etherlands540

573604

65069

111174

2880

00

038

31202

582647

715980

1520A

ustria3025

34003447

35918

1516

160

00

0n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.3033

34153463

3607Poland

n.a.3846

39964636

n.a.65

231453

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.3911

42275089

Portugal1785

15141515

148410

1023

37713

655801

801n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.2507

21792339

2322R

omania

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Slovenia401

415483

4970

00

043

012

28n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.445

415495

526Slovakia

357443

540630

14

3660

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

358447

576690

Finland5450

27103300

394040

3030

60n.a.

22402470

2610n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.5490

49905810

6610Sw

eden6992

78008607

941521

1814

1165

6565

65n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.7013

78178622

9426U

nitedK

ingdom493

305904

361267

1854

302n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.560

323958

3914

AllM

emberStates

(total)47689

5376663272

77154600

14752674

44501134

36434091

440538

31202

58249395

5885970185

86523

As

indicatedin

section1.5.26

thesubtotalfor

Biom

assin

Sweden

doesnotinclude

liquidenergy

carriers.For

thisreason

thesum

ofallsubcategories

is65

GW

hhigher

thanthe

valuefor

All

Mem

berStates

(total).

140 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Biomass heat energy (per capita) [toe/1000 inhabitants]

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes


2010

2015

2020

Figure 55: Calculated per capita (2008) energy for total biomass heat [toe/1000 inhabitants] forthe period 2005 - 2020, all biomass input categories

Table 120: Calculated per capita (2008) energy for total biomass heat [toe/1000 inhabitants]for the period 2005 - 2020, all biomass input categories


Belgium 45 64 110 191Bulgaria 95 96 122 140Czech Republic 132 169 217 242Denmark 321 410 461 483Germany 88 111 126 138Estonia 377 456 467 453Ireland 42 45 88 110Greece 85 90 101 109Spain 77 79 90 109France 143 156 199 257Italy 28 38 59 95Cyprus 5 23 31 38Latvia 491 449 519 613Lithuania 204 197 261 304Luxembourg 39 50 105 172Hungary n.a. 81 83 127Malta 0 2 5 4Netherlands 39 44 60 93Austria 365 411 416 434Poland n.a. 103 111 134Portugal 236 205 220 219Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 221 206 246 262Slovakia 66 83 107 128Finland 1036 941 1096 1247Sweden 764 851 939 1026United Kingdom 9 5 16 64



ECN-E--10-069 141

Biomass heat energy (per area) [toe/km2] 1 FEB 2011

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[toe/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 56: Calculated per surface area (2004) energy for total biomass heat [toe/km2] for theperiod 2005 - 2020

Table 121: Calculated per surface area (2004) energy for total biomass heat [toe/km2] for theperiod 2005 - 2020


Belgium 16 22 39 67Bulgaria 7 7 8 10Czech Republic 17 22 29 32Denmark 41 52 59 61Germany 20 25 29 32Estonia 12 14 14 14Ireland 3 3 6 7Greece 7 8 9 9Spain 7 7 8 10France 14 16 20 26Italy 5 7 12 19Cyprus 0 2 3 3Latvia 17 16 18 22Lithuania 11 10 13 16Luxembourg 7 9 20 32Hungary n.a. 9 9 14Malta 0 3 7 5Netherlands 16 17 24 37Austria 36 41 41 43Poland n.a. 13 14 16Portugal 27 24 25 25Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 22 20 24 26Slovakia 7 9 12 14Finland 16 15 17 20Sweden 16 18 20 21United Kingdom 2 1 4 16



142 ECN-E--10-069

Renewable energy from heat pumps

ECN-E--10-069 143

Heat pump thermal energy (cumulative) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[ktoe]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 57: Projected total heat pump thermal energy [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 2020, allsource types

Table 122: Projected total heat pump thermal energy [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 2020, allsource types


Belgium 7.1 52.2 161.4 350 3Bulgaria 0 0 0 0 0Czech Republic 29 45 82 118 1Denmark 100 210 301 370 3Germany 196 465 800 1144 9Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 10 18 51 84 1Greece 4 17 127 279 2Spain 8 17 31 51 0France 76 886 1505 1850 15Italy 21 1273 1857 2900 24Cyprus 0 0.34 1.61 2.97 0Latvia 0 0 2 4 0Lithuania 0 0 6 14 0Luxembourg 0 1 4 17 0Hungary n.a. 6 37 143 1Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 54 132 252 377 3Austria 69 96 137 263 2Poland n.a. 25 72 148 1Portugal 0 0 n.a. n.a. n.a.Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 2 8 37 58 0Slovakia 0 0 4 10 0Finland 40 230 530 660 5Sweden 0 349 697 1046 9United Kingdom 0 186 548 2254 19

All Member States (total) 616.1 4016.54 7243.01 12142.97 100

More information on subcategories for heat pump thermal energy is presented in Table 124 on page 146.

144 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Heat pump thermal energy (growth) [%/year]

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

140%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech

Re

public

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 58: Calculated average annual growth for thermal energy from heat pump [%/year] forfour periods, all source type

Table 123: Calculated average annual growth for thermal energy from heat pump [%/year] forfour periods, all source type


Belgium 49.0 25.3 16.7 21.0Bulgaria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Czech Republic 9.2 12.8 7.6 10.1Denmark 16.0 7.5 4.2 5.8Germany 18.9 11.5 7.4 9.4Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 12.5 23.2 10.5 16.7Greece 33.6 49.5 17.0 32.3Spain 16.3 12.8 10.5 11.6France 63.4 11.2 4.2 7.6Italy 127.3 7.8 9.3 8.6Cyprus n.a. 36.5 13.0 24.2Latvia n.a. n.a. 14.9 n.a.Lithuania n.a. n.a. 18.5 n.a.Luxembourg n.a. 32.0 33.6 32.8Hungary n.a. 43.9 31.0 37.3Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 19.6 13.8 8.4 11.1Austria 6.8 7.4 13.9 10.6Poland n.a. 23.6 15.5 19.5Portugal n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 32.0 35.8 9.4 21.9Slovakia n.a. n.a. 20.1 n.a.Finland 41.9 18.2 4.5 11.1Sweden n.a. 14.8 8.5 11.6United Kingdom n.a. 24.1 32.7 28.3


ECN-E--10-069 145

Heat pump thermal energy (breakdown) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

Table124:P

rojectedheatpum

ptherm

alenergy[ktoe]

forthe

period2005

-2020,brokendow

ninto

sourcetype

Aerotherm

alheatpumps

Geotherm

alheatpumps

Hydrotherm

alheatpumps

Totalrenewable

energyfrom

heatpumps,

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

Belgium

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

7.152.2

161.4350

Bulgaria

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

00

00

Czech

Republic

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

2945

82118

Denm

ark48

91135

17052

119166

1990

00

0100

210301

370G

ermany

39165

338547

130258

400521

2742

6277

196465

8001144

Estonia

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Irelandn.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.10

1851

84G

reece3

14104

2291

323

50n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.4

17127

279Spain

45

710

412

2341

00

00

817

3151

France27

6641080

128049

222425

570n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.76

8861505

1850Italy

161127

15662175

440

145522

2105

146203

211273

18572900

Cyprus

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

00.34

1.612.97

Latvia

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

00

24

Lithuania

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

00

614

Luxem

bourgn.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

14

17H

ungaryn.a.

02

7n.a.

528

107n.a.

17

29n.a.

637

143M

altan.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.N

etherlandsn.a.

3581

117n.a.

90161

242n.a.

03

1154

132252

377A

ustria0

3855

1050

1014

260

4868

13169

96137

263Poland

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.25

72148

Portugaln.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

0n.a.

n.a.R

omania

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Slovenia0

17

140

426

380

25

52

837

58Slovakia

00

13

00

24

00

13

00

410

Finlandn.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.40

230530

660Sw

eden0

50100

1500

272544

8150

2754

800

349697

1046U

nitedK

ingdomn.a.

66194

1301n.a.

120354

953n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

186548

2254

AllM

emberStates

(total)137

22563670

6108240

11552311

408829

225346

539616.1

4016.547243.01

12142.97

ForIreland,L

ithuania,Luxem

bourgand

Finland(and

theN

etherlandsand

Austria

in2005)

nobreakdow

ninto

sourcetypes

hasbeen

provided.T

herefore,thesum

ofallcategories

islow

erthan

thevalue

forAllM

ember

States(total).

146 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Heat pump thermal energy (per capita) [toe/1000 inhabitants]

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes


2010

2015

2020

Figure 59: Calculated per capita (2008) thermal energy for total heat pump [toe/1000inhabitants] for the period 2005 - 2020, all source types

Table 125: Calculated per capita (2008) thermal energy for total heat pump [toe/1000inhabitants] for the period 2005 - 2020, all source types


Belgium 1 5 15 33Bulgaria 0 0 0 0Czech Republic 3 4 8 11Denmark 18 38 55 68Germany 2 6 10 14Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 2 4 12 19Greece 0 2 11 25Spain 0 0 1 1France 1 14 24 29Italy 0 21 31 49Cyprus 0 0 2 4Latvia 0 0 1 2Lithuania 0 0 2 4Luxembourg 0 2 8 35Hungary n.a. 1 4 14Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 3 8 15 23Austria 8 12 16 32Poland n.a. 1 2 4Portugal 0 0 n.a. n.a.Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 1 4 18 29Slovakia 0 0 1 2Finland 8 43 100 125Sweden 0 38 76 114United Kingdom 0 3 9 37



ECN-E--10-069 147

Heat pump thermal energy (per area) [toe/km2] 1 FEB 2011

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[toe/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 60: Calculated per surface area (2004) thermal energy for total heat pumps [toe/km2] forthe period 2005 - 2020, all source types

Table 126: Calculated per surface area (2004) thermal energy for total heat pumps [toe/km2]for the period 2005 - 2020, all source types


Belgium 0 2 5 11Bulgaria 0 0 0 0Czech Republic 0 1 1 1Denmark 2 5 7 9Germany 1 1 2 3Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0 0 1 1Greece 0 0 1 2Spain 0 0 0 0France 0 1 2 3Italy 0 4 6 10Cyprus 0 0 0 0Latvia 0 0 0 0Lithuania 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 2 7Hungary n.a. 0 0 2Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 1 3 6 9Austria 1 1 2 3Poland n.a. 0 0 0Portugal 0 0 n.a. n.a.Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 0 0 2 3Slovakia 0 0 0 0Finland 0 1 2 2Sweden 0 1 2 2United Kingdom 0 1 2 9



148 ECN-E--10-069

Bioethanol / bio-ETBE in transport

ECN-E--10-069 149

Bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[ktoe]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 61: Projected total bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport [ktoe] for the period2005 - 2020

Table 127: Projected total bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport [ktoe] for the period2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 37 47 91 1Bulgaria 0 0 15 42 1Czech Republic 0 50 91 128 2Denmark 0 13 95 94 1Germany 144 639 996 857 12Estonia 0 0 14 38 1Ireland 0 40 90 139 2Greece n.a. 43 256 414 6Spain 113 232 301 400 6France 75 550 550 650 9Italy 0 148 374 600 8Cyprus 0 0 3 15 0Latvia 0 14 19 18 0Lithuania 1 13 30 36 1Luxembourg 0 5 9 23 0Hungary 5 34 106 304 4Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 168 217 282 4Austria 0 54 61 80 1Poland 28 279 334 451 6Portugal 0 0 24 27 0Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 0 4 8 19 0Slovakia 0 15 30 75 1Finland 0 70 120 130 2Sweden 144 251 358 465 7United Kingdom 18 135 692 1743 24


More information on additional information on bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport (Article 21.2 and im-ported bioethanol / bio-ETBE) is presented in Table 129 on page 152.

150 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport (growth) [%/year]

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 62: Calculated average annual growth for bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport[%/year] for four periods

Table 128: Calculated average annual growth for bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport[%/year] for four periods


Belgium n.a. 4.9 14.1 9.4Bulgaria n.a. n.a. 22.9 n.a.Czech Republic n.a. 12.7 7.1 9.9Denmark n.a. 48.9 -0.2 21.9Germany 34.7 9.3 -3.0 3.0Estonia n.a. n.a. 22.1 n.a.Ireland n.a. 17.6 9.1 13.3Greece n.a. 42.9 10.1 25.4Spain 15.5 5.3 5.9 5.6France 49.0 0.0 3.4 1.7Italy n.a. 20.4 9.9 15.0Cyprus n.a. n.a. 41.4 n.a.Latvia n.a. 6.3 -1.1 2.5Lithuania 67.0 18.2 3.7 10.7Luxembourg n.a. 12.5 20.6 16.5Hungary 46.7 25.5 23.5 24.5Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. 5.3 5.4 5.3Austria n.a. 2.5 5.6 4.0Poland 58.4 3.7 6.2 4.9Portugal n.a. n.a. 2.4 n.a.Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. 14.9 18.9 16.9Slovakia n.a. 14.9 20.1 17.5Finland n.a. 11.4 1.6 6.4Sweden 11.8 7.4 5.4 6.4United Kingdom 49.6 38.7 20.3 29.2


ECN-E--10-069 151

Bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport (breakdown) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

Table129:P

rojectedbioethanol/bio-E

TBE

inrenew

abletransport[ktoe]

forthe

period2005

-2020,indicatingthe

contributionofA

rticle21.2

andim

portedbioethanol/bio-E

TBE

Bioethanol/bio-E

TB

EA

rticle21.2

Bioethanol/bio-E

TB

Eim

portedTotalbioethanol/bio-E

TB

E

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

Belgium

00

00

00

00

037

4791

Bulgaria

00

1532

00

010

00

1542

Czech

Republic

00

029

017

2429

050

91128

Denm

ark0

1395

940

1395

940

1395

94G

ermany

00

32to

10732

to442

0189

482278

144639

996857

Estonia

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

00

1438

Ireland21

00

0n.a.

349

990

4090

139G

reecen.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

43256

414n.a.

43256

414Spain

00

052

025

00

113232

301400

Francen.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

5050

5075

550550

650Italy

019

60100

018

109200

0148

374600

Cyprus

00

015

00

315

00

315

Latvia

00

018

00

09

014

1918

Lithuania

00

n.a.0

00

00

113

3036

Luxem

bourg0

00

00

59

230

59

23H

ungary0

00

0n.a.

n.a.0

05

34106

304M

altan.a.

24

6n.a.

24

6n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.N

etherlands0

1722

340

152196

2400

168217

282A

ustria0

00

00

1412

110

5461

80Poland

00

044

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

28279

334451

Portugal0

00

00

00

00

024

27R

omania

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Slovenian.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

48

19Slovakia

00

025

00

00

015

3075

Finland0

020

400

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

70120

130Sw

eden0

00

0117

140185

292144

251358

465U

nitedK

ingdom0

00

0n.a.

11

118

135692

1743

AllM

emberStates

(total)21

51285

725117

6721474

1770528

27944840

7121

The

Germ

anA

ctionPlan

definesa

datarange

forArticle

21.2B

ioethanol/bio-ET

BE

.Inthe

tablethe

rangeis

provided,butthe‘total’value

usesthe

averagevalue

oftherange

(69.5ktoe

for2015and

237.0ktoe

for2020).

152 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport (per capita) [toe/1000 inhabitants]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes


2010

2015

2020

Figure 63: Calculated per capita (2008) bioethanol / bio-ETBE [toe/1000 inhabitants] for theperiod 2005 - 2020

Table 130: Calculated per capita (2008) bioethanol / bio-ETBE [toe/1000 inhabitants] for theperiod 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 3 4 9Bulgaria 0 0 2 5Czech Republic 0 5 9 12Denmark 0 2 17 17Germany 2 8 12 10Estonia 0 0 10 28Ireland 0 9 20 32Greece n.a. 4 23 37Spain 2 5 7 9France 1 9 9 10Italy 0 2 6 10Cyprus 0 0 3 19Latvia 0 6 8 8Lithuania 0 4 9 11Luxembourg 0 10 19 48Hungary 0 3 11 30Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 10 13 17Austria 0 6 7 10Poland 1 7 9 12Portugal 0 0 2 3Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 0 2 4 9Slovakia 0 3 6 14Finland 0 13 23 25Sweden 16 27 39 51United Kingdom 0 2 11 28



ECN-E--10-069 153

Bioethanol / bio-ETBE in renewable transport (per area) [toe/km2] 1 FEB 2011

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[toe/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 64: Calculated per surface area (2004) bioethanol / bio-ETBE [toe/km2] for the period2005 - 2020

Table 131: Calculated per surface area (2004) bioethanol / bio-ETBE [toe/km2] for the period2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 1 2 3Bulgaria 0 0 0 0Czech Republic 0 1 1 2Denmark 0 0 2 2Germany 0 2 3 2Estonia 0 0 0 1Ireland 0 1 1 2Greece n.a. 0 2 3Spain 0 0 1 1France 0 1 1 1Italy 0 0 1 2Cyprus 0 0 0 2Latvia 0 0 0 0Lithuania 0 0 0 1Luxembourg 0 2 3 9Hungary 0 0 1 3Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 4 5 7Austria 0 1 1 1Poland 0 1 1 1Portugal 0 0 0 0Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 0 0 0 1Slovakia 0 0 1 2Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden 0 1 1 1United Kingdom 0 1 3 7



154 ECN-E--10-069

Biodiesel in transport

ECN-E--10-069 155

Biodiesel in renewable transport [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[ktoe] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 65: Projected total biodiesel in renewable transport [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 132: Projected total biodiesel in renewable transport [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 20202005 2010 2015 2020 2020


Belgium 0 292 449 698 3Bulgaria 0 30 100 154 1Czech Republic 3 193 347 495 2Denmark 0 18 152 167 1Germany 1598 2790 2074 4443 21Estonia 0 1 21 51 0Ireland 1 94 209 342 2Greece 1 64 130 203 1Spain 145 1471 2169 3100 15France 328 2165 2375 2850 13Italy 179 868 1374 1880 9Cyprus 0 15.7 19.8 23.2 0Latvia 3 25 20 28 0Lithuania 3 42 79 131 1Luxembourg 1 37 72 193 1Hungary 0 110 144 202 1Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 139 350 552 3Austria 35 276 309 410 2Poland 15 687 993 1451 7Portugal 0 281 405 450 2Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 0 37 72 174 1Slovakia 0 67 107 110 1Finland 0 150 300 430 2Sweden 9 89 170 251 1United Kingdom 57 861 1818 2462 12

All Member States (total) 2378 10802.7 14258.8 21250.2 100

More information on additional information on biodiesel in renewable transport (Article 21.2 and imported biodiesel)is presented in Table 134 on page 158.

156 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Biodiesel in renewable transport (growth) [%/year]

-20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

140%

160%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 66: Calculated average annual growth for biodiesel in renewable transport [%/year] forfour periods

Table 133: Calculated average annual growth for biodiesel in renewable transport [%/year] forfour periods


Belgium n.a. 9.0 9.2 9.1Bulgaria n.a. 27.2 9.0 17.8Czech Republic 130.0 12.4 7.4 9.9Denmark n.a. 53.2 1.9 25.0Germany 11.8 -5.8 16.5 4.8Estonia n.a. 83.8 19.4 48.2Ireland 148.1 17.3 10.4 13.8Greece 129.7 15.2 9.3 12.2Spain 58.9 8.1 7.4 7.7France 45.9 1.9 3.7 2.8Italy 37.1 9.6 6.5 8.0Cyprus n.a. 4.7 3.2 4.0Latvia 52.8 -4.4 7.0 1.1Lithuania 69.5 13.5 10.6 12.0Luxembourg 105.9 14.2 21.8 18.0Hungary n.a. 5.5 7.0 6.3Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. 20.3 9.5 14.8Austria 51.1 2.3 5.8 4.0Poland 114.9 7.6 7.9 7.8Portugal n.a. 7.6 2.1 4.8Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. 14.2 19.3 16.7Slovakia n.a. 9.8 0.6 5.1Finland n.a. 14.9 7.5 11.1Sweden 58.1 13.8 8.1 10.9United Kingdom 72.1 16.1 6.3 11.1


ECN-E--10-069 157

Biodiesel in renewable transport (breakdown) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

Table134:P

rojectedbiodieselin

renewable

transport[ktoe]for

theperiod

2005-2020,indicating

thecontribution

ofArticle

21.2and

imported

biodieselB

iodieselArticle

21.2B

iodieselimported

Totalbiodiesel

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

Belgium

00

0127

00

00

0292

449698

Bulgaria

030

100130

00

024

030

100154

Czech

Republic

00

0215

664

104143

3193

347495

Denm

ark0

18152

1670

18152

1670

18152

167G

ermany

098

9898

01459

6102846

15982790

20744443

Estonia

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

01

2151

Ireland21

00

0n.a.

4125

2401

94209

342G

reecen.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.1

64130

203Spain

050

161200

0910

325310

1451471

21693100

Francen.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.13

400400

400328

21652375

2850Italy

2172

161250

073

436800

179868

13741880

Cyprus

00

223

09

1123

016

2023

Latvia

00

015

00

08

325

2028

Lithuania

00

00

00

00

342

79131

Luxem

bourg0

00

01

3772

1931

3772

193H

ungary0

1820

220

00

00

110144

202M

altan.a.

11

7n.a.

0n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.N

etherlands0

13970

1210

69245

2760

139350

552A

ustria0

00

034

153152

17535

276309

410Poland

00

88132

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

15687

9931451

Portugal0

46

80

00

00

281405

450R

omania

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Slovenian.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

3772

174Slovakia

00

030

00

00

067

107110

Finland0

050

1400

n.a.n.a.

n.a.0

150300

430Sw

eden0

00

00

00

09

89170

251U

nitedK

ingdom0

00

0n.a.

11

157

8611818

2462

AllM

emberStates

(total)42

431909

168554

31972633

56062378

1080314259

21250

158 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Biodiesel in renewable transport (per capita) [toe/1000 inhabitants]

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes


2010

2015

2020

Figure 67: Calculated per capita (2008) in renewable transport for total biodiesel [toe/1000inhabitants] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 135: Calculated per capita (2008) in renewable transport for total biodiesel [toe/1000inhabitants] for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 27 42 65Bulgaria 0 4 13 20Czech Republic 0 19 33 48Denmark 0 3 28 30Germany 19 34 25 54Estonia 0 1 16 38Ireland 0 21 47 78Greece 0 6 12 18Spain 3 32 48 68France 5 34 37 45Italy 3 15 23 32Cyprus 0 20 25 29Latvia 1 11 9 12Lithuania 1 12 23 39Luxembourg 2 76 149 399Hungary 0 11 14 20Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 8 21 34Austria 4 33 37 49Poland 0 18 26 38Portugal 0 26 38 42Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 0 18 36 87Slovakia 0 12 20 20Finland 0 28 57 81Sweden 1 10 19 27United Kingdom 1 14 30 40



ECN-E--10-069 159

Biodiesel in renewable transport (per area) [toe/km2] 1 FEB 2011

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[toe/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 68: Calculated per surface area (2004) in renewable transport for total biodiesel[toe/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 136: Calculated per surface area (2004) in renewable transport for total biodiesel[toe/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 10 15 23Bulgaria 0 0 1 1Czech Republic 0 2 4 6Denmark 0 0 4 4Germany 4 8 6 12Estonia 0 0 0 1Ireland 0 1 3 5Greece 0 0 1 2Spain 0 3 4 6France 1 3 4 5Italy 1 3 5 6Cyprus 0 2 2 3Latvia 0 0 0 0Lithuania 0 1 1 2Luxembourg 0 14 28 75Hungary 0 1 2 2Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 3 8 13Austria 0 3 4 5Poland 0 2 3 5Portugal 0 3 4 5Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia 0 2 4 9Slovakia 0 1 2 2Finland 0 0 1 1Sweden 0 0 0 1United Kingdom 0 4 7 10



160 ECN-E--10-069

Hydrogen from renewables in transport

ECN-E--10-069 161

Hydrogen from renewables in transport [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

0

200

400

600

800

1000

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[ktoe] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 69: Projected hydrogen from renewables in transport [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 137: Projected total hydrogen from renewables in transport [ktoe] for the period 2005 -2020


Belgium 0 0 0 0 0Bulgaria 0 0 0 0 0Czech Republic 0 0 0 0 0Denmark 0 0 0 0 0Germany 0 0 0 0 0Estonia 0 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. 0 0 0 0Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain 0 0 0 0 0France 0 0 0 0 0Italy 0 0 0 0 0Cyprus 0 0 0 0 0Latvia 0 0 0 0 0Lithuania 0 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0Hungary 0 0 0 0 0Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 0 0 0 0Austria 0 0 0 0 0Poland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Portugal 0 0 0 0 0Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia 0 0 0 0 0Finland 0 0 0 0 0Sweden 0 0 0 0 0United Kingdom 0 0 0 0 0


162 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Hydrogen from renewables in transport (growth) [%/year]

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech

Re

public

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 70: Calculated average annual growth for hydrogen from renewables in transport[%/year] for four periods

Table 138: Calculated average annual growth for hydrogen from renewables in transport[%/year] for four periods


Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Bulgaria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Czech Republic n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Denmark n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Germany n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.France n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Italy n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Lithuania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Luxembourg n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Hungary n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Austria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Poland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Portugal n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Finland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Sweden n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

All Member States (average) n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

ECN-E--10-069 163

Hydrogen from renewables in transport (per capita) [toe/1000 inhabitants] 1 FEB 2011

0

2

4

6

8

10

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes


2010

2015

2020

Figure 71: Calculated per capita (2008) hydrogen from renewables in transport [toe/1000inhabitants] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 139: Calculated per capita (2008) hydrogen from renewables in transport [toe/1000inhabitants] for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 0 0 0Bulgaria 0 0 0 0Czech Republic 0 0 0 0Denmark 0 0 0 0Germany 0 0 0 0Estonia 0 n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. 0 0 0Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain 0 0 0 0France 0 0 0 0Italy 0 0 0 0Cyprus 0 0 0 0Latvia 0 0 0 0Lithuania 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 0 0Hungary 0 0 0 0Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 0 0 0Austria 0 0 0 0Poland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Portugal 0 0 0 0Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia 0 0 0 0Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden 0 0 0 0United Kingdom 0 0 0 0



164 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Hydrogen from renewables in transport (per area) [toe/km2]

0

2

4

6

8

10

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[toe/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 72: Calculated per surface area (2004) hydrogen from renewables in transport [toe/km2]for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 140: Calculated per surface area (2004) hydrogen from renewables in transport [toe/km2]for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 0 0 0Bulgaria 0 0 0 0Czech Republic 0 0 0 0Denmark 0 0 0 0Germany 0 0 0 0Estonia 0 n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland n.a. 0 0 0Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain 0 0 0 0France 0 0 0 0Italy 0 0 0 0Cyprus 0 0 0 0Latvia 0 0 0 0Lithuania 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 0 0Hungary 0 0 0 0Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands 0 0 0 0Austria 0 0 0 0Poland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Portugal 0 0 0 0Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia 0 0 0 0Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden 0 0 0 0United Kingdom 0 0 0 0



ECN-E--10-069 165

Renewable electricity in transport

ECN-E--10-069 167

Renewable electricity in transport [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[ktoe] 2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 73: Projected total renewable electricity in transport [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 2020

168 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Renewable electricity in transport [ktoe]

Table 141: Projected total renewable electricity in transport [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 20202005 2010 2015 2020 2020


Belgium 16 24 47 97 3Bulgaria 0 0 0 5 0Czech Republic 6 7 16 19 1Denmark 9 11 19 29 1Germany 169 219 374 667 22Estonia 0 0 0 1 0Ireland 1 1 1 37 1Greece n.a. 2 7 17 1Spain 108 99 224 381 12France 141 183 260 402 13Italy 139 170 265 369 12Cyprus 0 0 0 1 0Latvia 4 3 4 6 0Lithuania 0 0 2 3 0Luxembourg 1 2 4 10 0Hungary 0 6 15 24 1Malta n.a. 1 17 37 1Netherlands 8 12 23 71 2Austria 162 171 191 272 9Poland 0 15 23 50 2Portugal 12 20 37 58 2Romania 11 10 15 14 0Slovenia 4 5 7 11 0Slovakia 8 8 10 17 1Finland 20 20 20 40 1Sweden 121 147 173 198 6United Kingdom 113 136 192 267 9


More information on additional information on renewable electricity in transport (road and non-road transport) ispresented in Table 143 on page 172.For Romania the contribution of renewable electricity in transport has not been specified in Template Table 12, butfrom Template Table 4a the information is available for ‘electricity in road transport’. The data from Template Table4a have been used in this overview table. In this way, the Article 5.1 correction as introduced in Table 9 on page 23 isperformed for road transport, but double counting of RES-E in non-road transport still occurs (the data for ‘electricityin non-road transport’ are not available from the Romanian NREAP).

ECN-E--10-069 169

Renewable electricity in transport (growth) [%/year] 1 FEB 2011

-20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 74: Calculated average annual growth for renewable electricity in transport [%/year] forfour periods

170 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Renewable electricity in transport (growth) [%/year]

Table 142: Calculated average annual growth for renewable electricity in transport [%/year]for four periods


Belgium 8.4 14.4 15.6 15.0Bulgaria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Czech Republic 3.1 18.0 3.5 10.5Denmark 4.1 11.6 8.8 10.2Germany 5.3 11.3 12.3 11.8Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0.0 0.0 105.9 43.5Greece n.a. 24.6 18.0 21.3Spain -1.7 17.7 11.2 14.4France 5.4 7.3 9.1 8.2Italy 4.1 9.3 6.8 8.1Cyprus n.a. n.a. 15.7 n.a.Latvia -5.6 5.9 8.4 7.2Lithuania n.a. 39.8 9.3 23.6Luxembourg 14.9 14.9 20.1 17.5Hungary n.a. 20.1 9.9 14.9Malta n.a. 67.8 16.9 40.1Netherlands 8.4 13.9 25.3 19.5Austria 1.1 2.2 7.3 4.8Poland n.a. 8.9 16.8 12.8Portugal 10.8 13.1 9.4 11.2Romania -2.1 7.7 -0.1 3.7Slovenia 4.6 7.0 9.5 8.2Slovakia 0.0 4.6 11.2 7.8Finland 0.0 0.0 14.9 7.2Sweden 4.0 3.3 2.7 3.0United Kingdom 3.8 7.1 6.8 7.0


For Romania the contribution of renewable electricity in transport has not been specified in Template Table 12, butfrom Template Table 4a the information is available for ‘electricity in road transport’. The data from Template Table4a have been used in this overview table. In this way, the Article 5.1 correction as introduced in Table 9 on page 23 isperformed for road transport, but double counting of RES-E in non-road transport still occurs (the data for ‘electricityin non-road transport’ are not available from the Romanian NREAP).

ECN-E--10-069 171

Renewable electricity in transport (breakdown) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

Table143:P

rojectedrenew

ableelectricity

intransport[ktoe]

forthe

period2005

-2020,indicatingthe

contributionofroad

andnon-road

transportR

enewable

electricityroad

transportR

enewable

electricitynon-road

transportTotalrenew

ableelectricity

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

Belgium

00

642

1624

4256

1624

4797

Bulgaria

00

03

00

00

00

05

Czech

Republic

00

01

67

1619

67

1619

Denm

ark0

04

129

1115

179

1119

29G

ermany

00

063

169219

373604

169219

374667

Estonia

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

00

01

Irelandn.a.

00

340

11

21

11

37G

reecen.a.

11

5n.a.

26

11n.a.

27

17Spain

00

31123

10899

193258

10899

224381

France0

031

110141

183229

292141

183260

402Italy

06

4598

139164

219271

139170

265369

Cyprus

00

01

00

00

00

01

Latvia

11

22

32

34

43

46

Lithuania

00

00

00

00

00

23

Luxem

bourg0

00

51

23

51

24

10H

ungary0

00

20

615

220

615

24M

altan.a.

00

1n.a.

117

37n.a.

117

37N

etherlands0

01

248

1222

478

1223

71A

ustria0

08

68162

171183

204162

171191

272Poland

00

020

015

2330

015

2350

Portugal0

05

2012

2032

3812

2037

58R

omania

1110

1514

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

1110

1514

Slovenia0

00

14

57

94

57

11Slovakia

00

05

88

1012

88

1017

Finland0

00

1020

2020

2020

2020

40Sw

eden0

36

9121

144167

190121

147173

198U

nitedK

ingdom0

04

29113

136187

238113

136192

267

AllM

emberStates

(total)12

21159

7021040

12521783

23861053

12731946

3102

ForR

omania

thecontribution

ofrenew

ableelectricity

intransporthas

notbeenspecified

inTem

plateTable

12,butfromTem

plateTable

4athe

information

isavailable

for‘electricity

inroad

transport’.T

hedata

fromTem

plateTable

4ahave

beenused

inthis

overviewtable.

Inthis

way,the

Article

5.1correction

asintroduced

inTable

9on

page23

isperform

edforroad

transport,butdouble

countingofR

ES-E

innon-road

transportstilloccurs(the

datafor‘electricity

innon-road

transport’arenotavailable

fromthe

Rom

anianN

RE

AP).

172 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Renewable electricity in transport (per capita) [toe/1000 inhabitants]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes


2010

2015

2020

Figure 75: Calculated per capita (2008) for total renewable electricity in transport [toe/1000inhabitants] for the period 2005 - 2020

ECN-E--10-069 173

Renewable electricity in transport (per capita) [toe/1000 inhabitants] 1 FEB 2011

Table 144: Calculated per capita (2008) for total renewable electricity in transport [toe/1000inhabitants] for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 1 2 4 9Bulgaria 0 0 0 1Czech Republic 1 1 2 2Denmark 2 2 3 5Germany 2 3 5 8Estonia 0 0 0 1Ireland 0 0 0 8Greece n.a. 0 1 1Spain 2 2 5 8France 2 3 4 6Italy 2 3 4 6Cyprus 0 0 0 1Latvia 2 1 2 3Lithuania 0 0 0 1Luxembourg 2 4 8 21Hungary 0 1 1 2Malta n.a. 3 42 91Netherlands 0 1 1 4Austria 19 21 23 33Poland 0 0 1 1Portugal 1 2 3 5Romania 1 0 1 1Slovenia 2 2 3 5Slovakia 1 1 2 3Finland 4 4 4 8Sweden 13 16 19 22United Kingdom 2 2 3 4


The population data can be viewed in Table 14 (page 30).For Romania the contribution of renewable electricity in transport has not been specified in Template Table 12, butfrom Template Table 4a the information is available for ‘electricity in road transport’. The data from Template Table4a have been used in this overview table. In this way, the Article 5.1 correction as introduced in Table 9 on page 23 isperformed for road transport, but double counting of RES-E in non-road transport still occurs (the data for ‘electricityin non-road transport’ are not available from the Romanian NREAP).

174 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Renewable electricity in transport (per area) [toe/km2]

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[toe/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 76: Calculated per surface area (2004) for total renewable electricity in transport[toe/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020

ECN-E--10-069 175

Renewable electricity in transport (per area) [toe/km2] 1 FEB 2011

Table 145: Calculated per surface area (2004) for total renewable electricity in transport[toe/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 1 1 2 3Bulgaria 0 0 0 0Czech Republic 0 0 0 0Denmark 0 0 0 1Germany 0 1 1 2Estonia 0 0 0 0Ireland 0 0 0 1Greece n.a. 0 0 0Spain 0 0 0 1France 0 0 0 1Italy 0 1 1 1Cyprus 0 0 0 0Latvia 0 0 0 0Lithuania 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 1 2 4Hungary 0 0 0 0Malta n.a. 4 54 118Netherlands 0 0 1 2Austria 2 2 2 3Poland 0 0 0 0Portugal 0 0 0 1Romania 0 0 0 0Slovenia 0 0 0 1Slovakia 0 0 0 0Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden 0 0 0 0United Kingdom 0 1 1 1


The surface area data can be viewed in Table 14 (page 30).For Romania the contribution of renewable electricity in transport has not been specified in Template Table 12, butfrom Template Table 4a the information is available for ‘electricity in road transport’. The data from Template Table4a have been used in this overview table. In this way, the Article 5.1 correction as introduced in Table 9 on page 23 isperformed for road transport, but double counting of RES-E in non-road transport still occurs (the data for ‘electricityin non-road transport’ are not available from the Romanian NREAP).

176 ECN-E--10-069

Other biofuels in transport

ECN-E--10-069 177

Other biofuels in transport [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

0

50

100

150

200

250

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

[ktoe]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 77: Projected total other biofuels in transport [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 146: Projected total other biofuels in transport [ktoe] for the period 2005 - 20202005 2010 2015 2020 2020


Belgium 0 0 0 0 0Bulgaria 0 0 0 4 1Czech Republic 0 0 0 49 6Denmark 0 0 0 0 0Germany 177 102 35 173 to 261 28Estonia 0 0 0 0 0Ireland 1 1 1 1 0Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain 0 0 1 4 1France 0 0 30 160 21Italy 0 5 27 50 6Cyprus 0 0 0 0 0Latvia 0 0 10 31 4Lithuania 0 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0Hungary 0 0 1 5 1Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Austria 8 63 71 94 12Poland n.a. n.a. 26 66 8Portugal 0 0 0 0 0Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia 0 0 0 5 1Finland 0 0 0 0 0Sweden 13 40 67 94 12United Kingdom 0 0 0 0 0


More information on additional information on other biofuels in transport (Article 21.2) is presented in Table 148 onpage 180. The German Action Plan defines a data range for ‘total other biofuels’ in 2020. In the table the range isprovided, but the total value for all Member States and the share in the last column use the average value of the range(217.0 ktoe).

178 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Other biofuels in transport (growth) [%/year]

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[%/year]2005 - 2010

2010 - 2015

2015 - 2020

2010 - 2020

Figure 78: Calculated average annual growth for other biofuels in transport [%/year] for fourperiods

Table 147: Calculated average annual growth for other biofuels in transport [%/year] for fourperiods


Belgium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Bulgaria n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Czech Republic n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Denmark n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Germany -10.4 -19.3 44.0 7.8Estonia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Ireland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain n.a. n.a. 32.0 n.a.France n.a. n.a. 39.8 n.a.Italy n.a. 40.1 13.1 25.9Cyprus n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Latvia n.a. n.a. 25.4 n.a.Lithuania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Luxembourg n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Hungary n.a. n.a. 38.0 n.a.Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Austria 51.1 2.4 5.8 4.1Poland n.a. n.a. 20.5 n.a.Portugal n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Finland n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Sweden 25.2 10.9 7.0 8.9United Kingdom n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.


The German Action Plan defines a data range for ‘total other biofuels’ in 2020. In this table the average value of therange is used, see Table 146 on page 178.

ECN-E--10-069 179

Other biofuels in transport (breakdown) [ktoe] 1 FEB 2011

Table148:P

rojectedother

biofuelsin

transport[ktoe]for

theperiod

2005-2020,indicating

thecontribution

ofArticle

21.2fuels

Otherbiofuels

Article

21.2Totalotherbiofuels

intransport

20052010

20152020

20052010

20152020

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

[ktoe][ktoe]

Belgium

00

00

00

00

Bulgaria

00

04

00

04

Czech

Republic

00

048

00

049

Denm

ark0

00

00

00

0G

ermany

00

426

to115

177102

35173

to261

Estonia

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

00

00

Ireland1

11

11

11

1G

reecen.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.Spain

00

00

00

14

France0

00

500

030

160Italy

05

2750

05

2750

Cyprus

00

00

00

00

Latvia

00

07

00

1031

Lithuania

00

00

00

00

Luxem

bourg0

00

00

00

0H

ungary0

00

00

01

5M

altan.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.N

etherlandsn.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.A

ustria0

00

08

6371

94Poland

n.a.n.a.

2666

n.a.n.a.

2666

Portugal0

00

00

00

0R

omania

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

Slovenian.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.n.a.

n.a.Slovakia

00

05

00

05

Finland0

00

00

00

0Sw

eden13

4067

9413

4067

94U

nitedK

ingdom0

00

00

00

0

AllM

emberStates

(total)14

46125

396199

211269

780

The

Germ

anA

ctionPlan

definesa

datarange

forboth

‘total’and

‘Article

21.2’other

biofuels.In

thetable

therange

isprovided,butthe

totalvaluefor

allMem

berStates

usesthe

averagevalue

oftherange

(70.5ktoe

for‘Article

21.2’otherbiofuelsand

217.0ktoe

for‘totalotherbiofuels’in2020).

180 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Other biofuels in transport (per capita) [toe/1000 inhabitants]

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes


2010

2015

2020

Figure 79: Calculated per capita (2008) values for total other biofuels in transport [toe/1000inhabitants] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 149: Calculated per capita (2008) values for total other biofuels in transport [toe/1000inhabitants] for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 0 0 0Bulgaria 0 0 0 1Czech Republic 0 0 0 5Denmark 0 0 0 0Germany 2 1 0 3Estonia 0 0 0 0Ireland 0 0 0 0Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain 0 0 0 0France 0 0 0 3Italy 0 0 0 1Cyprus 0 0 0 0Latvia 0 0 4 14Lithuania 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 0 0Hungary 0 0 0 0Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Austria 1 8 9 11Poland n.a. n.a. 1 2Portugal 0 0 0 0Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia 0 0 0 1Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden 1 4 7 10United Kingdom 0 0 0 0


The population data can be viewed in Table 14 (page 30). The German Action Plan defines a data range for ‘total otherbiofuels’ in 2020. In this table the average value of the range is used, see Table 146 on page 178.

ECN-E--10-069 181

Other biofuels in transport (per area) [toe/km2] 1 FEB 2011

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

Belg

ium

Bulg

aria

Czech R

epublic

Denm

ark

Germ

any

Esto

nia

Irela

nd

Gre

ece

Spain

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Latv

ia

Lithuania

Luxem

bourg

Hungary

Malta

Neth

erlands

Austr

ia

Pola

nd

Port

ugal

Rom

ania

Slo

venia

Slo

vakia

Fin

land

Sw

eden

United K

ingdom

All

Mem

ber

Sta

tes

[toe/km2]2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 80: Calculated per surface area (2004) values for total other biofuels in transport[toe/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020

Table 150: Calculated per surface area (2004) values for total other biofuels in transport[toe/km2] for the period 2005 - 2020


Belgium 0 0 0 0Bulgaria 0 0 0 0Czech Republic 0 0 0 1Denmark 0 0 0 0Germany 0 0 0 1Estonia 0 0 0 0Ireland 0 0 0 0Greece n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Spain 0 0 0 0France 0 0 0 0Italy 0 0 0 0Cyprus 0 0 0 0Latvia 0 0 0 0Lithuania 0 0 0 0Luxembourg 0 0 0 0Hungary 0 0 0 0Malta n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Netherlands n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Austria 0 1 1 1Poland n.a. n.a. 0 0Portugal 0 0 0 0Romania n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovenia n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.Slovakia 0 0 0 0Finland 0 0 0 0Sweden 0 0 0 0United Kingdom 0 0 0 0


The surface area data can be viewed in Table 14 (page 30). The German Action Plan defines a data range for ‘totalother biofuels’ in 2020. In this table the average value of the range is used, see Table 146 on page 178.

182 ECN-E--10-069

Country Tables

ECN-E--10-069 183

Belgium 1 FEB 2011

Belgium

Hydropower

Geothermal electricity

Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat


Bioethanol / bio-ETBE

Biodiesel

Hydrogen from renewables

Renewable electricity

Other biofuels

Renewable energy share in 2005: 2.2% (target 2020: 13%)

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


The pie charts have been based on absolute energy values in ktoe whereas the figure titles display information on theshare of renewables in a specific year in comparison to the target for the year 2020. The shares also contain informationabout the future gross final energy consumption, which in some countries might increase considerably up to 2020. Forsome countries the above figures may therefore seem counter-intuitive. The table on page 185 provides a backgroundto the above figures.

184 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Belgium

2005

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2020

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EL

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:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 185


Bulgaria 1 FEB 2011

Bulgaria

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



186 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Bulgaria

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

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bold

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enta

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tech

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ain

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and

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icity

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ort(

times

2.5)

.f

In‘F

inal

cons

umpt

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valu

esfo

rthe

year

2005

refe

rto

the

‘bas

eye

ar’i

nTe

mpl

ate

Tabl

e1

(see

Tabl

e45

(pag

e52

)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

e61

).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

Ann

exIo

fDir

ectiv

e20

09/2

8/E

Car

epr

esen

ted,

fort

heye

ars

2010

and

2015

itis

refe

rred

toth

etr

ajec

tory

peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

reis

refe

rred

toTa

bles

1,4a

,10a

/b,1

1an

d12

itis

mea

ntto

the

Tem

plat

e,pr

epar

edby

the

Eur

opea

nC

omm

issi

onan

dav

aila

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ford

ownl

oad

atht

tp://

eur-

lex.

euro

pa.e

u/L

exU

riSe

rv/L

exU

riSe

rv.d

o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 187


Czech Republic 1 FEB 2011

Czech Republic

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



188 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Czech Republic

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

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[GW

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year

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refe

rto

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‘bas

eye

ar’i

nTe

mpl

ate

Tabl

e1

(see

Tabl

e45

(pag

e52

)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

e61

).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

Ann

exIo

fDir

ectiv

e20

09/2

8/E

Car

epr

esen

ted,

fort

heye

ars

2010

and

2015

itis

refe

rred

toth

etr

ajec

tory

peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

reis

refe

rred

toTa

bles

1,4a

,10a

/b,1

1an

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itis

mea

ntto

the

Tem

plat

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ownl

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atht

tp://

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euro

pa.e

u/L

exU

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rv/L

exU

riSe

rv.d

o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 189


Denmark 1 FEB 2011

Denmark

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



190 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Denmark

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

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[GW

h][k

toe]

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ate

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e54

(pag

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).)g

Fort

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ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

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defin

edin

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exIo

fDir

ectiv

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and

2015

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2011

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2an

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15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

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i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 191


Germany 1 FEB 2011

Germany

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



192 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Germany

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

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toe]

[%]a

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the

shar

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eral

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EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 193


Estonia 1 FEB 2011

Estonia

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



194 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Estonia

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

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h][k

toe]

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ing

refe

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Tota

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scen

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Tota

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nerg

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ncyf

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0.0

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Tran

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light

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bold

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year

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refe

rto

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‘bas

eye

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nTe

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ate

Tabl

e1

(see

Tabl

e45

(pag

e52

)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

e61

).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

Ann

exIo

fDir

ectiv

e20

09/2

8/E

Car

epr

esen

ted,

fort

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2010

and

2015

itis

refe

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toth

etr

ajec

tory

peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

reis

refe

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toTa

bles

1,4a

,10a

/b,1

1an

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itis

mea

ntto

the

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plat

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o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 195


Ireland 1 FEB 2011

Ireland

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



196 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Ireland

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

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[GW

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scen

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f23

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lene

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yf23

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ting

and

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renc

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scen

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f39

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1159

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5210

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Tota

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scen

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100.

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575

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142

100.

059

Tota

laft

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duct

ion

refe

renc

esc

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1274

113

106

n.a.

n.a.

60ad

ditio

nale

nerg

yef

ficie

ncyf

1274

199

.512

996

99.8

n.a.

0.0

n.a.

0.0

61Ta

rget

Tran

spor

tfue

lsta

rget

10.0

-O

vera

llre

new

able

targ

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3.1

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8.9

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42a

The

perc

enta

ges

refe

rto

the

valu

esin

the

colu

mn

‘[kt

oe]’

and

expr

ess

the

shar

eof

the

rene

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lete

chno

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ese

ctor

-tot

al(R

ES-

E,R

ES-

H/C

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T,se

eva

lues

high

light

edin

bold

).b

The

perc

enta

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rto

the

valu

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the

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mn

‘[kt

oe]’

and

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eof

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into

talR

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(ifa

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ratio

nm

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high

light

edin

bold

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perc

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mn

‘[kt

oe]’

and

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eof

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ition

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ergy

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,see

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hted

inbo

ld).

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fert

oth

eva

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inth

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n‘[

ktoe

]’an

dex

pres

sth

esh

are

ofth

ere

new

able

tech

nolo

gyin

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tota

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lgro

ssen

ergy

cons

umpt

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(bef

ore

avia

tion

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nof

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alen

ergy

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see

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hted

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ld).

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adju

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sto

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gof

cert

ain

biof

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(tim

es2)

and

and

rene

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icity

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adtr

ansp

ort(

times

2.5)

.f

In‘F

inal

cons

umpt

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valu

esfo

rthe

year

2005

refe

rto

the

‘bas

eye

ar’i

nTe

mpl

ate

Tabl

e1

(see

Tabl

e45

(pag

e52

)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

e61

).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

Ann

exIo

fDir

ectiv

e20

09/2

8/E

Car

epr

esen

ted,

fort

heye

ars

2010

and

2015

itis

refe

rred

toth

etr

ajec

tory

peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

reis

refe

rred

toTa

bles

1,4a

,10a

/b,1

1an

d12

itis

mea

ntto

the

Tem

plat

e,pr

epar

edby

the

Eur

opea

nC

omm

issi

onan

dav

aila

ble

ford

ownl

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atht

tp://

eur-

lex.

euro

pa.e

u/L

exU

riSe

rv/L

exU

riSe

rv.d

o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 197


Greece 1 FEB 2011

Greece

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



198 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Greece

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

Ren

ewab

leE

lect

rici

tyH

ydro

pow

er<

1MW

n.a.

n.a.

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

n.a.

n.a.

0.0

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0.0

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0.0

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n.a.

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75pr

oduc

tion

Hyd

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1MW

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75H

ydro

pow

er>1

0MW

n.a.

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0.0

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0.0

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n.a.

n.a.

0.0

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n.a.

n.a.

0.0

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n.a.

n.a.

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75H

ydro

pow

er(s

ubto

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00

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00

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6814

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Con

cent

rate

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Tida

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672

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1W

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Bio

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143

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895

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31.

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312

1B

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n.a.

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0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

n.a.

n.a.

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

n.a.

n.a.

0.0

0.0

0.0

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121

Bio

mas

s(s

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948

1.6

0.5

0.1

0.0

254

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21.

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150

443

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1259

108

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121

Tota

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Tabl

es10

a/b)

5786

498

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033

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12.

378

3867

410

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33.8

13.3

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923

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6211

723

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536

2531

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140

Bio

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n.a.

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140

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189

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mps

30.

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104

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229

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146

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pum

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502.

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162

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180

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EL

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:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 199


Spain 1 FEB 2011

Spain

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



200 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Spain

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

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EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 201


France 1 FEB 2011

France

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



202 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 France

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

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[GW

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61Ta

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year

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refe

rto

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eye

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ate

Tabl

e1

(see

Tabl

e45

(pag

e52

)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

e61

).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

Ann

exIo

fDir

ectiv

e20

09/2

8/E

Car

epr

esen

ted,

fort

heye

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2010

and

2015

itis

refe

rred

toth

etr

ajec

tory

peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

reis

refe

rred

toTa

bles

1,4a

,10a

/b,1

1an

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itis

mea

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the

Tem

plat

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ownl

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atht

tp://

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exU

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o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 203


Italy 1 FEB 2011

Italy

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



204 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Italy

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

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ewab

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tion

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eral

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EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 205


Cyprus 1 FEB 2011

Cyprus

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



206 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Cyprus

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

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toe]

[%]a

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ars

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shar

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defin

edin

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and

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itis

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peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

reis

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bles

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EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 207


Latvia 1 FEB 2011

Latvia

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



208 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Latvia

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

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are

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tech

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year

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refe

rto

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‘bas

eye

ar’i

nTe

mpl

ate

Tabl

e1

(see

Tabl

e45

(pag

e52

)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

e61

).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

Ann

exIo

fDir

ectiv

e20

09/2

8/E

Car

epr

esen

ted,

fort

heye

ars

2010

and

2015

itis

refe

rred

toth

etr

ajec

tory

peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

reis

refe

rred

toTa

bles

1,4a

,10a

/b,1

1an

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itis

mea

ntto

the

Tem

plat

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the

Eur

opea

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ford

ownl

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atht

tp://

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lex.

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u/L

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exU

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o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 209


Lithuania 1 FEB 2011

Lithuania

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



210 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Lithuania

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

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year

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refe

rto

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‘bas

eye

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ate

Tabl

e1

(see

Tabl

e45

(pag

e52

)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

e61

).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

Ann

exIo

fDir

ectiv

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09/2

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epr

esen

ted,

fort

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2010

and

2015

itis

refe

rred

toth

etr

ajec

tory

peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

reis

refe

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toTa

bles

1,4a

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/b,1

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itis

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i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 211


Luxembourg 1 FEB 2011

Luxembourg

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



212 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Luxembourg

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

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e1

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)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

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).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

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shar

esas

defin

edin

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exIo

fDir

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epr

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and

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itis

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peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

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eral

:whe

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i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 213


Hungary 1 FEB 2011

Hungary

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



214 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Hungary

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

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[GW

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e54

(pag

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).)g

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ars

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2020

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shar

esas

defin

edin

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peri

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-201

2an

d20

15-2

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eral

:whe

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EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 215


Malta 1 FEB 2011

Malta

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



216 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Malta

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

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[GW

h][k

toe]

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(pag

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ars

2005

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2020

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shar

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defin

edin

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and

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2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

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eral

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EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 217


Netherlands 1 FEB 2011

Netherlands

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



218 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Netherlands

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

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[GW

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EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 219


Austria 1 FEB 2011

Austria

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



220 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Austria

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

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nerg

yef

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0.0

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Tran

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rto

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T,se

eva

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light

edin

bold

).b

The

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esh

are

ofth

ere

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able

tech

nolo

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the

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times

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.f

In‘F

inal

cons

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valu

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rthe

year

2005

refe

rto

the

‘bas

eye

ar’i

nTe

mpl

ate

Tabl

e1

(see

Tabl

e45

(pag

e52

)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

e61

).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

Ann

exIo

fDir

ectiv

e20

09/2

8/E

Car

epr

esen

ted,

fort

heye

ars

2010

and

2015

itis

refe

rred

toth

etr

ajec

tory

peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

reis

refe

rred

toTa

bles

1,4a

,10a

/b,1

1an

d12

itis

mea

ntto

the

Tem

plat

e,pr

epar

edby

the

Eur

opea

nC

omm

issi

onan

dav

aila

ble

ford

ownl

oad

atht

tp://

eur-

lex.

euro

pa.e

u/L

exU

riSe

rv/L

exU

riSe

rv.d

o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 221


Poland 1 FEB 2011

Poland

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Data provided for Poland in 2005 are not sufficient to produce the pie chart for this year.

222 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Poland

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

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year

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refe

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eye

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mpl

ate

Tabl

e1

(see

Tabl

e45

(pag

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)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

e61

).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

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exIo

fDir

ectiv

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epr

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fort

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2010

and

2015

itis

refe

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toth

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ajec

tory

peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

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bles

1,4a

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o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 223


Portugal 1 FEB 2011

Portugal

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



224 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Portugal

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

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toe]

[%]a

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[GW

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e1

(see

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e45

(pag

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)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

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).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

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exIo

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ectiv

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epr

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and

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itis

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peri

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2011

-201

2an

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Gen

eral

:whe

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o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 225


Romania 1 FEB 2011

Romania

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Total RES-H/C

Total RES-T


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Total RES-H/C

Total RES-T


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Total RES-H/C

Total RES-T


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Total RES-H/C

Total RES-T



226 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Romania

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

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ate

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e1

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e45

(pag

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Tabl

e54

(pag

e61

).)g

Fort

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ars

2005

and

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shar

esas

defin

edin

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exIo

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and

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itis

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peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

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Gen

eral

:whe

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bles

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EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 227


Slovenia 1 FEB 2011

Slovenia

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



228 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Slovenia

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

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61Ta

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year

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refe

rto

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‘bas

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ate

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e1

(see

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e45

(pag

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)to

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e54

(pag

e61

).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

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exIo

fDir

ectiv

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epr

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ted,

fort

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and

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itis

refe

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tory

peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

reis

refe

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bles

1,4a

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itis

mea

ntto

the

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atht

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o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 229


Slovakia 1 FEB 2011

Slovakia

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



230 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Slovakia

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

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[GW

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61Ta

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Tran

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light

edin

bold

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ergy

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year

2005

refe

rto

the

‘bas

eye

ar’i

nTe

mpl

ate

Tabl

e1

(see

Tabl

e45

(pag

e52

)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

e61

).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

Ann

exIo

fDir

ectiv

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09/2

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epr

esen

ted,

fort

heye

ars

2010

and

2015

itis

refe

rred

toth

etr

ajec

tory

peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

reis

refe

rred

toTa

bles

1,4a

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/b,1

1an

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itis

mea

ntto

the

Tem

plat

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the

Eur

opea

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dav

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ford

ownl

oad

atht

tp://

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lex.

euro

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rv/L

exU

riSe

rv.d

o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 231


Finland 1 FEB 2011

Finland

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



232 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Finland

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

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[GW

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146

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year

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refe

rto

the

‘bas

eye

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mpl

ate

Tabl

e1

(see

Tabl

e45

(pag

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)to

Tabl

e54

(pag

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).)g

Fort

heye

ars

2005

and

2020

the

shar

esas

defin

edin

Ann

exIo

fDir

ectiv

e20

09/2

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Car

epr

esen

ted,

fort

heye

ars

2010

and

2015

itis

refe

rred

toth

etr

ajec

tory

peri

ods

2011

-201

2an

d20

15-2

016.

Gen

eral

:whe

reis

refe

rred

toTa

bles

1,4a

,10a

/b,1

1an

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itis

mea

ntto

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Tem

plat

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ford

ownl

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atht

tp://

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o?ur

i=C

EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 233


Sweden 1 FEB 2011

Sweden

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



234 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 Sweden

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

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Fort

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shar

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and

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2011

-201

2an

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Gen

eral

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EL

EX

:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 235


United Kingdom 1 FEB 2011

United Kingdom

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels



236 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 United Kingdom

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

[%]d

[GW

h][k

toe]

[%]a

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ars

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and

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shar

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defin

edin

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and

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itis

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2011

-201

2an

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15-2

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eral

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EL

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:320

09D

0548

:EN

:NO

T

ECN-E--10-069 237


European Union, EU-27 1 FEB 2011

European Union, EU-27

Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


Hydropower


Solar electricity


Wind power

Biomass electricity

Geothermal heat

Solar thermal

Biomass heat



Biodiesel



Other biofuels


238 ECN-E--10-069

1 FEB 2011 European Union, EU-27

2005

2010

2015

2020

Page

[TW

h][M

toe]

[%]a

[%]b

[%]c

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ECN-E--10-069 239


Index

Index

Aggregate NREAPRES-E, 64–67RES-E in transport, 64–67RES-H/C, 64–67RES-T, 64–67

Annual growth (capacity)Biomass electricity, 117Geothermal electricity, 81Hydropower, 71RES-E in 27 Member States, 21Solar electricity, 89Tidal, wave and ocean energy, 99Wind power, 107

Annual growth (energy)Biodiesel, 157Bioethanol / bio-ETBE, 151Biomass electricity, 120Biomass heat, 139Final energy in 27 Member States, 17Geothermal electricity, 83Geothermal heat, 127Heat pump, 145Hydropower, 74Other biofuels in transport, 179Renewable electricity in transport, 171Renewable hydrogen in transport, 163RES total in 27 Member States, 16, 24RES-E in 27 Member States, 21RES-H/C in 27 Member States, 22RES-T in 27 Member States, 23Solar electricity, 92Solar thermal, 133Tidal, wave and ocean energy, 101Wind power, 110

AustriaCountry table, 220, 221Database issues, 34Trajectory table, 45

BelgiumCountry table, 184, 185Database issues, 31Trajectory table, 41

BiodieselAnnual growth (energy), 157Breakdown (energy), 158

Energy consumption, 156Per capita (energy), 159Per surface (energy), 160

Bioethanol / bio-ETBEAnnual growth (energy), 151Breakdown (energy), 152Energy consumption, 150Per capita (energy), 153Per surface (energy), 154

Biomass electricityAnnual growth (capacity), 117Annual growth (energy), 120Breakdown (capacity), 118Breakdown (energy), 121Capacity installed, 116Electricity generation, 119Full load hours, 122Per capita (energy), 123Per surface (energy), 124

Biomass heatAnnual growth (energy), 139Breakdown (energy), 140Energy consumption, 138Per capita (energy), 141Per surface (energy), 142

Breakdown (capacity)Biomass electricity, 118Hydropower, 72Solar electricity, 90Wind power, 108

Breakdown (energy)Biodiesel, 158Bioethanol / bio-ETBE, 152Biomass electricity, 121Biomass heat, 140Heat pump, 146Hydropower, 75Other biofuels in transport, 180Renewable electricity in transport, 172Solar electricity, 93Wind power, 111

BulgariaCountry table, 186, 187Database issues, 31Trajectory table, 41

240 ECN-E--10-069

Index

Capacity installedBiomass electricity, 116Geothermal electricity, 80Hydropower, 70RES-E in 27 Member States, 20Solar electricity, 88Tidal, wave and ocean energy, 98Wind power, 106

Country tableAustria, 220, 221Belgium, 184, 185Bulgaria, 186, 187Cyprus, 206, 207Czech Republic, 188, 189Denmark, 190, 191Estonia, 194, 195European Union, EU-27, 238, 239Finland, 232, 233France, 202, 203Germany, 192, 193Greece, 198, 199Hungary, 214, 215Ireland, 196, 197Italy, 204, 205Latvia, 208, 209Lithuania, 210, 211Luxembourg, 212, 213Malta, 216, 217Netherlands, 218, 219Poland, 222, 223Portugal, 224, 225Romania, 226, 227Slovakia, 230, 231Slovenia, 228, 229Spain, 200, 201Sweden, 234, 235United Kingdom, 236, 237

CyprusCountry table, 206, 207Database issues, 33Trajectory table, 43

Czech RepublicCountry table, 188, 189Database issues, 31Trajectory table, 41

Database issuesAustria, 34Belgium, 31Bulgaria, 31Cyprus, 33Czech Republic, 31Denmark, 32

Estonia, 32Finland, 35France, 33Germany, 32Greece, 32Hungary, 34Ireland, 32Italy, 33Latvia, 33Lithuania, 33Luxembourg, 34Malta, 34Netherlands, 34Poland, 34Portugal, 35Romania, 35Slovakia, 35Slovenia, 35Spain, 32Sweden, 35United Kingdom, 36

DenmarkCountry table, 190, 191Database issues, 32Trajectory table, 41

Electricity generationBiomass electricity, 119Geothermal electricity, 82Hydropower, 73RES-E in 27 Member States, 20Solar electricity, 91Tidal, wave and ocean energy, 100Wind power, 109

Energy consumptionBiodiesel, 156Bioethanol / bio-ETBE, 150Biomass heat, 138Final energy in 27 Member States, 17Geothermal heat, 126Heat pump, 144Other biofuels in transport, 178Overall renewable energy share, 18, 25Renewable electricity in transport, 169Renewable hydrogen in transport, 162RES total in 27 Member States, 16, 24RES-H/C in 27 Member States, 22RES-T in 27 Member States, 23Solar thermal, 132

EstoniaCountry table, 194, 195Database issues, 32Trajectory table, 42

ECN-E--10-069 241

Index

European Union, EU-27Country table, 238, 239

Final energy consumptionEfficiency – after aviation, 61Efficiency – before aviation, 59Electricity, 52, 53Heating and cooling, 54, 55Reference – after aviation, 60Reference – before aviation, 58Transport, 56, 57

Final energy in 27 Member StatesAnnual growth (energy), 17Energy consumption, 17Gross consumption, 17

FinlandCountry table, 232, 233Database issues, 35Trajectory table, 47

FranceCountry table, 202, 203Database issues, 33Trajectory table, 43

Full load hoursBiomass electricity, 122Geothermal electricity, 84Hydropower, 76Solar electricity, 94Tidal, wave and ocean energy, 102Wind power, 112

Geothermal electricityAnnual growth (capacity), 81Annual growth (energy), 83Capacity installed, 80Electricity generation, 82Full load hours, 84Per capita (energy), 85Per surface (energy), 86

Geothermal heatAnnual growth (energy), 127Energy consumption, 126Per capita (energy), 128Per surface (energy), 129

GermanyCountry table, 192, 193Database issues, 32Trajectory table, 42

GreeceCountry table, 198, 199Database issues, 32Trajectory table, 42

Heat pumpAnnual growth (energy), 145Breakdown (energy), 146Energy consumption, 144Per capita (energy), 147Per surface (energy), 148

HungaryCountry table, 214, 215Database issues, 34Trajectory table, 44

HydropowerAnnual growth (capacity), 71Annual growth (energy), 74Breakdown (capacity), 72Breakdown (energy), 75Capacity installed, 70Electricity generation, 73Full load hours, 76Per capita (energy), 77Per surface (energy), 78

IrelandCountry table, 196, 197Database issues, 32Trajectory table, 42

ItalyCountry table, 204, 205Database issues, 33Trajectory table, 43

LatviaCountry table, 208, 209Database issues, 33Trajectory table, 44

LithuaniaCountry table, 210, 211Database issues, 33Trajectory table, 44

LuxembourgCountry table, 212, 213Database issues, 34Trajectory table, 44

MaltaCountry table, 216, 217Database issues, 34Trajectory table, 45

NetherlandsCountry table, 218, 219Database issues, 34Trajectory table, 45

Other biofuels in transport

242 ECN-E--10-069

Index

Annual growth (energy), 179Breakdown (energy), 180Energy consumption, 178Per capita (energy), 181Per surface (energy), 182

Overall renewable energy shareSum of 27 Member States, 18, 25

Per capita (energy)Biodiesel, 159Bioethanol / bio-ETBE, 153Biomass electricity, 123Biomass heat, 141Geothermal electricity, 85Geothermal heat, 128Heat pump, 147Hydropower, 77Other biofuels in transport, 181Renewable electricity in transport, 174Renewable hydrogen in transport, 164Solar electricity, 95Solar thermal, 134Tidal, wave and ocean energy, 103Wind power, 113

Per surface (energy)Biodiesel, 160Bioethanol / bio-ETBE, 154Biomass electricity, 124Biomass heat, 142Geothermal electricity, 86Geothermal heat, 129Heat pump, 148Hydropower, 78Other biofuels in transport, 182Renewable electricity in transport, 176Renewable hydrogen in transport, 165Solar electricity, 96Solar thermal, 135Tidal, wave and ocean energy, 104Wind power, 114

PolandCountry table, 222, 223Database issues, 34Trajectory table, 45

PortugalCountry table, 224, 225Database issues, 35Trajectory table, 46

Renewable electricity in transportAnnual growth (energy), 171Breakdown (energy), 172Energy consumption, 169

Per capita (energy), 174Per surface (energy), 176

Renewable hydrogen in transportAnnual growth (energy), 163Energy consumption, 162Per capita (energy), 164Per surface (energy), 165

RES total in 27 Member StatesAnnual growth (energy), 16, 24Energy consumption, 16, 24

RES-EAggregate NREAP, 64–67

RES-E in 27 Member StatesAnnual growth (capacity), 21Annual growth (energy), 21Capacity installed, 20Electricity generation, 20

RES-E in transportAggregate NREAP, 64–67

RES-H/CAggregate NREAP, 64–67

RES-H/C in 27 Member StatesAnnual growth (energy), 22Energy consumption, 22

RES-TAggregate NREAP, 64–67

RES-T in 27 Member StatesAnnual growth (energy), 23Energy consumption, 23

RomaniaCountry table, 226, 227Database issues, 35Trajectory table, 46

SlovakiaCountry table, 230, 231Database issues, 35Trajectory table, 46

SloveniaCountry table, 228, 229Database issues, 35Trajectory table, 46

Solar electricityAnnual growth (capacity), 89Annual growth (energy), 92Breakdown (capacity), 90Breakdown (energy), 93Capacity installed, 88Electricity generation, 91Full load hours, 94Per capita (energy), 95Per surface (energy), 96

Solar thermal

ECN-E--10-069 243

Index

Annual growth (energy), 133Energy consumption, 132Per capita (energy), 134Per surface (energy), 135

SpainCountry table, 200, 201Database issues, 32Trajectory table, 43

Sum of 27 Member StatesAggregate NREAP, 64–67Gross final consumption, 17Gross final consumption (growth), 17Overall renewable energy share, 18, 25RES total, 16, 24RES total (growth), 16, 24RES-E, 20RES-E (growth), 21RES-H/C, 22RES-H/C (growth), 22RES-T, 23RES-T (growth), 23

SwedenCountry table, 234, 235Database issues, 35Trajectory table, 47

Tidal, wave and ocean energyAnnual growth (capacity), 99Annual growth (energy), 101Capacity installed, 98Electricity generation, 100Full load hours, 102Per capita (energy), 103Per surface (energy), 104

Trajectory tableAustria, 45Belgium, 41Bulgaria, 41Cyprus, 43Czech Republic, 41Denmark, 41Estonia, 42Finland, 47France, 43Germany, 42Greece, 42Hungary, 44Ireland, 42Italy, 43Latvia, 44Lithuania, 44Luxembourg, 44Malta, 45

Netherlands, 45Poland, 45Portugal, 46Romania, 46Slovakia, 46Slovenia, 46Spain, 43Sweden, 47United Kingdom, 47

United KingdomCountry table, 236, 237Database issues, 36Trajectory table, 47

Wind powerAnnual growth (capacity), 107Annual growth (energy), 110Breakdown (capacity), 108Breakdown (energy), 111Capacity installed, 106Electricity generation, 109Full load hours, 112Per capita (energy), 113Per surface (energy), 114

244 ECN-E--10-069

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