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RENEWABLE ENERGY ZONES FOR THE AFRICA CLEAN ENERGY CORRIDOR OCTOBER 2015 MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS FOR PLANNING RENEWABLE ENERGY
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Page 1: RENEWABLE ENERGY ZONES(2015) “Renewable Energy Zones for the Africa Clean Energy Corridor,” International Renewable Energy Agency and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, LBNL

RENEWABLE ENERGY ZONES FOR THE AFRICA CLEAN ENERGY CORRIDOR

OCTOBER 2015

MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS

FOR PLANNING RENEWABLE

ENERGY

Page 2: RENEWABLE ENERGY ZONES(2015) “Renewable Energy Zones for the Africa Clean Energy Corridor,” International Renewable Energy Agency and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, LBNL

Copyright © IRENA and LBNL 2015Unless otherwise stated, this report and the material featured herein are the property of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), and are subject to copyright by IRENA and LBNL.

Material in this publication may be freely used, shared, copied, reproduced, printed and/or stored, provided that all such material is clearly attributed to IRENA and LBNL.

Material contained in this publication attributed to third parties may be subject to third party copyright and separate terms of use and restrictions, including restrictions in relation to any commercial use.

About IRENAThe International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) is an intergovernmental organization that supports countries in their transition to a sustainable energy future, and serves as the principal platform for international cooperation, a center of excellence, and a repository of policy, technology, resource and financial knowledge on renewable energy. IRENA promotes the widespread adoption and sustainable use of all forms of renewable energy, including bioenergy, geothermal, hydropower, ocean, solar and wind energy, in the pursuit of sustainable development, energy access, energy security and low-carbon economic growth and prosperity.

About Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) is a member of the national laboratory system supported by the U.S. Department of Energy through its Office of Science. It is managed by the University of California and is charged with conducting unclassified research across a wide range of scientific disciplines.

Maps, data, tools, and documentation are available at globalatlas.irena.org and mapre.lbl.gov

This report is available at www.irena.org/publication

Page 3: RENEWABLE ENERGY ZONES(2015) “Renewable Energy Zones for the Africa Clean Energy Corridor,” International Renewable Energy Agency and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, LBNL

RENEWABLE ENERGY ZONES

FOR THE AFRICA CLEAN ENERGY CORRIDOR

Multi-criteria Analysis for Planning Renewable Energy

The International Renewable Energy Agency and

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

OCTOBER 2015

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Authors

GRACE C. WU αδ

RANJIT DESHMUKH αδ

KUDAKWASHE NDHLUKULA ψ

TIJANA RADOJICIC ψ

JESSICA REILLY αδ

α International Energy Studies Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), USAδ Energy and Resources Group, University of California at Berkeleyψ International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)

Special thanks to: GAURI SINGH, former director, Country Support and Partnerships, IRENA

Citation in any materials or publications derived in part or in whole from this report should be made as follows: Grace C. Wu, Ranjit Deshmukh, Kudakwashe Ndhlukula, Tijana Radojicic, Jessica Reilly. (2015) “Renewable Energy Zones for the Africa Clean Energy

Corridor,” International Renewable Energy Agency and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, LBNL (LBNL-187271).

International Renewable Energy Agency DisclaimerThis publication and the material featured herein are provided “as is”, for informational purposes. Neither IRENA nor any of its officials, agents, data or other third-party content providers or licensors provides any warranty, including as to the accuracy, completeness, or fitness for a particular purpose or use of such material, or regarding the non-infringement of third-party rights, and they accept no responsibility or liability with regard to the use of this publication and the material featured therein. The information contained herein does not necessarily represent the views of the Members of IRENA, nor is it an endorsement of any project, product or service provider. The designations employed and the presentation of material herein do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of IRENA concerning the legal status of any region, country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of frontiers or boundaries. IRENA provided funds that supported this study.

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory DisclaimerThis document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor the Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or the Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or the Regents of the University of California.

Boundaries and names shown in maps within the publication do not imply official endorsement by the International Renewable Energy Agency, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, or University of California at Berkeley.

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Renewable energy zones (wind)

Interactive data layers

Geothermal plant locations

Electricity load centers

Wind plant locations

Transmission lines

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W/m2

W/m2

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†

†

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cfsolar

r

ηo ηι

cfsolar =(1− ηo) · (1− ηι) · r

1000

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p

po

g

R

ρ

p

p = ρ · e−ZgRT

ρ =p

RT

Page 36: RENEWABLE ENERGY ZONES(2015) “Renewable Energy Zones for the Africa Clean Energy Corridor,” International Renewable Energy Agency and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, LBNL

vadj

vstd

ρstd

ρadj

vadj = vstd

!ρstdρadj

"1/3

vadj Pstd

vadj

Padj

vstd

vstd Padj

P

ηa

ηo

cfwind =(1− ηa) · (1− ηo) · P

200000W

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LF

LDF

Cg

OMf,g

OMv,g

Ct

OMf,t

Cs

Cr

OMf,r

i

ηo

ηι

ηa

N

a

ds dr

a

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LCOEgeneration

=a · LF · (1− LDF ) · (Cg · CRF +OMf,g)

a · LF · (1− LDF ) · cf · 8760+OMv,g

LCOEinterconnection

=a · LF · (1− LDF ) ·

!ds ·

!Ct · CRF +OMf,t

"+ Cs · CRF

"

a · LF · (1− LDF ) · cf · 8760

LCOEroad =dr · (Cr · CRF +OMf,r)

cf · 50MW · 8760

CRF =i (1 + i)N

(1 + i)N − 1

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n = roundup#area1000

$

n = roundup#area200

$

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