RENEWABLE GAS ENGINE BASED BACK- UP … diesel P (50Hz) kWe* P (60Hz) kWe* 6 cylinders in line - - X...

© Wärtsilä

RENEWABLE GAS ENGINE BASED BACK-UP POWER FOR DATA CENTERS

Juha Kerttula

Senior Application Manager Data Centers

March 18 Wärtsilä Solutions f or Data Centers1

© Wärtsilä March 18 Wärtsilä Solutions f or Data Centers2

Contents

• Motivation

• The concept

• Business model

• Liquefaction process

• The technology

• Wärtsilä Modular Block plant

© Wärtsilä


Motivation



DATA CENTER MARKET OUTLOOK

EU commission JRC 2017-09-22

”The ICT sector including data centresgenerates up to 2% of the global CO2 emissions, a number on par to the aviation sector contribution…”

© Wärtsilä


The concept



Conventional approach

• Every data center needs a reliable power supply

• Reliability is typically ensured with several high-speed diesel generators on-site

• Due to cost of diesel fuel and emission limits use of generators is very limited

• Diesel generators are a dead asset – a cost of reliability

THE CONCEPT


Emission hurdle

Low or no CO2 emissions

• EPA analysis Feb 2010: biodiesel from soy oil reduces greenhouse gases 57% compared to petroleum diesel.

• Oil palm and soybean farms deforesting rainforests and increase world hunger EPA declares that palm oil and soybean-based biodiesel are not climate friendly.

Low level local emissions

• Despite of emission reduction systems local emissions (particles, NOx, SOx) of diesel fuel are considerable.

Minimized investment costs

• Emission requirements increasing investment costs.

• Capacity costs are high with low utilization rate.

THE CONCEPT


Replacement of diesel engines with state-of-the-art gas engines! Similar technology as diesel engines – just as rapid start-up.

Advanced LNG and LBG technologies enable same on-site fuel storage as diesel plants.

Certified biogas can be purchased from the suppliers injecting biogas to the gas grid.

In standby application a small on-site LBG liquefaction plant can produce back-up fuel with minimal connection to gas pipeline small capacity fee.

Power generation application enabled with natural gas, LBG or mixture of these due to low inherent emissions. Depreciating investment profitable asset.

THE CONCEPT

WHAT IF?- You could actually use the on-site

generators to generate revenue?- And reduce your environmental

footprint in the process?


Natural gas – the cleanest of all reliable fuels.

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

NOx

NOx emissions (g/kWh)

Diesel oil Natural gas

THE CONCEPT

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

SOx PM

SOx & PM emissions (g/kWh)

Diesel oil Natural gas

May be easily

reduced further

with SCR

technology


On-site power generation from natural gasLower carbon footprint than using grid electricity

THE CONCEPT

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Coal power plant Diesel oil plant Natural gas plant U.S. average grid power EU grid power (average)

Specific CO2 emission (kg/MWh)

© Wärtsilä


Business model



DATA CENTERBUSINESS MODELS

Regional electricity

market1

Site Fence

Data center

Power Plant

(Owned by third party)

IPP or data center operator

builds a gas engine power

plant at the data center site

2Data center owner and IPP

sign an emergency supply

contract

Contract

Emergency power

3Data center purchases

electricity for data center

from the electricity market

4

IPP operates the power plant

on merchant basis, selling

electricity and system

services to the market

Electricity for

Data centerElectricity and AS

to the market

Best for markets with high variability of wholesale

electricity prices

Merchant generation, open market

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Liquefaction process


© Wärtsilä

Medium Scale LNG Terminals Small Scale LNG Terminals &

Liquefaction plants

Re-gas-systems, Engines and other

gas handling systems for FSRU:s

Complete Power and LNG tank

systems for ships

LNG gasification systems for

Ships & Power Plants

Gas Power Plant with LNG

storage

WHAT WÄRTSILÄ DOES IN LNG TODAY

© Wärtsilä15

LNG Plant: cooling down Natural Gas below condensation temperature to produce Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) or by using biogas produce Liquid Bio Gas (LBG)

LIQUEFACTION PROCESS

Heat Out

Energy In

At atmospheric pressure, condensation

temperature of CH4 is -163°C. At higher

pressure the condensation temperature is

‘warmer’.

These conditions changes how much energy-

in is required to get the same amount of

heat-out:

- Feed Gas composition, temperature,

pressure

- Ambient temperature

- Efficiency of the liquefaction technology

© Wärtsilä16

Wärtsilä in-house liquefaction technology: MR and N2


Technology MR Process N2 Process

Production capacity 2000 to 30,000 TPA 20,000 to 300,000 TPA

Refrigerant systemProprietary mix of hydrocarbons in a closed

loopNitrogen produced from air on-site

Energy consumptionAs low as 0.65 kWh/kg conditional to design

priorities

As low as 0.35 kWh/kg conditional to design

priorities

Technology features

Off-the-shelf components that enable a less

expensive solution, quick delivery and

simplified maintenance

Robust technology that allows for quick and

simple start-up/shutdown & ramp up/ramp

down compared to competing technologies.

InstallationPlug-and-play design with standard capacities

10, 17 and 25 TPD delivered within 12 months

Reduced installation time and small footprint

through a modularized design

Feed gasGas pre-

treatment and

cleaningLiquefaction Storage

Use or

transport

© Wärtsilä17


Typical Biogas Liquefaction Plant Layout

© Wärtsilä 3/22/2018 Wärtsilä LNG Plant 18

Experience and Recent Success

EGE Biogas

Customer Cambi AS

Type Mini liquefaction plant

Tank net volume 180 m3

Capacity 11 TPD / 4,000 TPA

Size of

liquefaction unit

8 m x 14 m

Gas source Biogas from 50,000 TPA of food

waste

Details Fuel production for 135 buses

in the city of Oslo

Scope

of supply

Complete plant, incl.

• Gas pre-treatment

• Cooling system (Ambient air)

• MR liquefaction process

• Storage tank

• Electrical and control

systems

• Service agreement

Excl. Civil works and installation

Delivery method EPC

Delivered 2013


“135 buses in Oslo region will be able to run on biogas which means 10,000 tonnesemission reduction per year.”

© Wärtsilä April 2017 Indicativ e Of f er Atria Biogas19

On Going Project

bioHybrid Hahnennest

Owner Erdgas Südwest GmbH

Type MR liquefaction plant

Tank net volume 105 m3

Capacity 10 TPD / 3500 TPA

Size of

liquefaction unit

30 m x 40 m

Gas source Biogas from bio-waste and/or

pipeline gas

Details The plant will produce both

bioLNG and LNG

Scope

of supply

Liquefaction plant, incl.

• Gas Cleaning

• MR liquefaction process

• Storage tank

• Export system

• Electrical and control

systems

• Installation of plant

Excl. Civil works

Delivery method EPC

Delivered 2018


• “Biogas and pipeline gas compositions can vary substantially, and Wärtsilä’sadvanced technology can handle both.”


CONFIDENTIAL CUSTOMER, USA 5X20V34SG WITH LNG STORAGE

Clean and quiet

© Wärtsilä


The technology



Wärtsilä W34SG gas engines

• Four-stroke medium-speed engine technology

• Turbocharged and after cooled

• Integrated coolant and oil channels

• Mechanically-driven pumps

• Reliable twin compressed air startup

• Custom-designed engine control automation systems

• Synchronous MV generators 6-15 kV

• Common base frame for engine and generator

THE TECHNOLOGY

*) Gross output at generator terminals, ISO reference conditions, 0% tolerance, cosj 1.0

W34SG

spark plug

W34DF

dual fuel

W32

diesel

P (50Hz)

kWe*

P (60Hz)

kWe*

6 cylinders in line - - X 2886 2759

9 cylinders in line X X X 4370 4173

12 cylinders in vee X X X 5820 5564


18 cylinders in vee - - X 8784 8407


© Wärtsilä23

Wärtsilä W34SG gas engines (cont’d)

• Highest efficiency in its class, efficiency maintained over wide load range.

• Wide ambient range, minor impact of changes in ambient conditions.

• Practically unlimited amount of starts and stops.

• Good step load response capability.

• Low-load operation by skip-firing unlimited 10% load, limited 0% load.

• Optimization for different fuel gas qualities and exhaust emissions requirements. Emission limits guaranteed.

• No water consumption.

• Easy operation and maintenance.

THE TECHNOLOGY


Gas engine power plants

• Plant based on multiple gas-fired reciprocating engines designed for continuous operation

• Proven medium-speed engine technology

• More than 7500 units of 32/34 engine family delivered to date

• Used for power generation all over the world

• Engine can be optimized for CHP (combined heat and power) and cooling applications high total efficiency

• Plant design

• Based on modularized concept

• Easily expandable

THE TECHNOLOGY


Reliable and fast start-up

• Engines started up with a direct injection of compressed air into all cylinders, no electrical starters

• Each engine provided with own dedicated compressor and air bottle for several start attempts as per project requirements

• All engines started up simultaneously and synchronised in rapid succession <20 seconds from start command

• Start-up time from command to full power in < 1 minute

THE TECHNOLOGY

Plains End Power Station, Colorado

Starts up to a thousand times per year

backing up the wind power generation

In operation since 2001


Wärtsilä W34SG “Flash” gas engine for data centersFast start test results from Bermeo engine test facility

THE TECHNOLOGY

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Wärtsilä Modular Block plant

© Wärtsilä March 1828

• Factory built modular design intended for fast-track projects.

• Modular design reduces construction time and cost.

• Easy expansion when needed.

• Easy trasportation in containers.

• Design facilitates dismantling and transportation to a new site later.

WÄRTSILÄ MODULAR BLOCK

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Summary

© Wärtsilä30

VALUE PROPOSITION OF GAS ENGINE BASED BACK-UP POWER

Based on well proven and widely used technology

Reduces / eliminates environmental footprint of the back-up power units

Turns a “dead asset” into a profitable investment

With the help of a partner front-end investment turns into annual fees and tariffs

In power generation application can potentially reduce local and global emissions

Enables deeper integration of renewable energy resources into the local power grid

Facilitates expansion of hyper-scale data center clusters

March 18

Juha [email protected]

+358 40 195 4028 (EET zone)

Thank You

mailto:[email protected]

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RENEWABLE GAS ENGINE BASED BACK- UP … diesel P (50Hz) kWe* P (60Hz) kWe* 6 cylinders in line - - X...

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