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Renewable / Sustainable / Carbon Reducing - Technologies by Warren Confait
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Renewable / Sustainable /Carbon Reducing - Technologies
by Warren Confait
Change To renewables
Challenge
Opportunity Technology
Sustainability
Renewable /Sustainable /
Carbon ReducingTechnologies
2015 ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
And Now ?
Change
I don’t understand ?
Change
Whoops was that the roof !!
Change
Where are your hard hats?
Duhva power station turbine smashChang
e
ENERGY CRISIS……?Construction of the Duvha Power Station commenced in November 1975 and final commissioning took place in 1984. Duvha cost R1.6 billion to build, its chimneys the largest freestanding concrete structures in Africa and its mine the largest open-cast colliery in the Southern Hemisphere.
Change
Ice Breaker
• 1kg Wood ~ 12MJ
• 1kg Petrol/Diesel ~ 48MJ
• 1kg Wood Pellet ~ 16MJ
• 1kg Coal ~ 22-28MJ
• 1kg Methane ~ 55MJ (hydrogen 142MJ)
• 1kg Wood ~
• 1kg Petrol/Diesel ~
• 1kg Wood Pellet ~
• 1kg Coal ~
• 1kg Methane ~
How much energy do the following contain ?
Challenge
Ice Breaker
• 1m² Solar Radiation ~ 18MJ/day
• 1m² Silicon ~ 3.5MJ/day
• 1day normal use ~ 21MJ
• 1kg Lead Acid Battery ~ 0.126MJ
• 1kg Lithium-ion Battery ~ 0.626MJ
• 1m² Solar Radiation ~
• 1m² Silicon ~
• 1day normal use ~
• 1kg Lead Acid Battery ~
• 1kg Lithium-ion Battery ~
How much energy do the following contain ?
Challenge
Lead Crystal
Lith Ion
1m^2/day PV
Wood
Pellet
1m^2/day-Sun
Geyser200lt/day
Coal
Petrol/Diesel
Methane
Hydrogen
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0.162 0.626 3.512 16 18 21 25
4855
142
MJ-Energy / kg or m^2
MJ-Energy
Difficult to Store
/ Use
Non – Renewable – Pollution
Cost vs Perform
ance very poor
BEST OPORTUNITY
Challenge
• Solar PV vs. Solar Thermal• Working hours (sunshine 7hrs / day)– Requires behaviour change and/or integration– During sunshine (= R1.20kWh)
The Basics of Solar - PVOpportuni
ty
• Consumption Overview
• Top 10 users• Tariff check• First Actions
PV SIZING
HEAT REPLACEMENT
LIVE MONITORING
Audit
EQUIPMENT UPGRADE
Opportunity
201201
201202
201203
201204
201205
201206
201207
201208
201209
201210
201211
201212
201301
201302
201303
201304
201305
201306
201307
201308
201309
201310
201311
201312
201401
201402
201403
201404
201405
201406
201407
2014080
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
Sum of KwHSum of ACCOUNT
• Accounts Overview
• Top 10 users• Tariff check• First Actions
Acc HistoryOpportuni
ty
Site power Supply picture
LOCATION
Borehole NEAR RAILWAY HOUSING
Sub of Weltevreden - Lions River Housing
Shaw Research Centre Main Account
• Accounts Overview
• Top 10 users• Tariff check• First Actions
Challenge
First !!? Engage your needs!!
Energy Monitorin
g
= Min 5% Saving
LIGHT-SECURITY3%
BOREHOLE PUMP3%
COLD ROOM3%
COM-PUTER
SERVER3%
PUMP4%
HEATER (OIL)6%
FRIDGE7%
AIR-CONDITIONER14%
LIGHT-STRIP(NEON)24%
GEYSER31%
TOP 10 USERS - kWh MAIN ACCOUNT
• Accounts Overview
• Top 10 users• Tariff check• First Actions
Opportunity
GEYSE
R
LIGHT-
STRIP
(N...
AIR-C
ONDITIO
NER
FRID
GE
HEATE
R (OIL
)
BOREHOLE
PUM
P
PUMP
COMPU
TER S
E...
COLD R
OOM
LIGHT-
SECURIT
Y
309
233
141
72 61 5236 34 33 31
TOP 10 - kWh/dON Main Acc.
TOP 10 users – per Account.Opportuni
ty
Distribution of top 5
energy using equipment
Usage locationsOpportuni
ty
Rate / Tariff DiscussionOpportuni
ty
89%
7%
4%
ACC. DISTRIBUTION (predicted usage per pole)TARIFF TYPE
• Accounts Overview
• Top 10 users• Tariff check• First Actions
Opportunity
• Accounts Overview
• Top 10 users• Tariff check• First Actions
8hr
11hr
Opportunity
Night Save
Nightsave Rural• Accounts
Overview• Top 10 users• Tariff check• First Actions
Ruraflex
Ruraflex• Accounts
Overview• Top 10 users• Tariff check• First Actions
Distribution of top 5
energy using equipment
KEY:1-Geysers2-Neon Strip lights3-Air Conditioners4-Fridges5-Oil/Space Heaters
Re-Analyse top-10
YOUR FACILITY1. Account Tariff Conversion (Ruraflex)2. Behaviour Adjustment (Time of use restriction)3. Efficiency orientation (hardware) – (LED conversion)4. Hot Water, Conversion to Solar – (Root Zone Heat)5. PV – Base Size -100kWp (limited re-feed options)6. Pump System - VSD Pump control / Backup7. Office Insolation (roof / door / window)8. Live monitoring on High Users
1. Root Zone Heat2. Office consumption3. Steam room
POSSIBLE ACTIONS
• Accounts Overview
• Top 10 users• Tariff check• First Actions
Opportunity
SYSTEM BREAK
Roof-mount Ground-mount
PV – SYSTEM BASICS
Opportunity
Grid
Grid Tied Inverter
Meter
ICE- Generator
Solar PV - Modules
Loads
DB
System design – GRID TIED
ACDC
DC-Breaker
Change over
Grid Tied Inverter
Opportunity
Battery bank
Grid Tied Inverter
Low Load Circuit Appliances
Solar PV - Modules
Battery Inverter
Balance of Loads
DB
System design – OFF GRID -
ACDC
DC-Breaker
Change over
Opportunity
Grid
Battery bank
Grid Tied Inverter
Meter
ICE- Generator
Low Load Circuit Appliances
Solar PV - Modules
Battery Inverter
Balance of Loads
DB
System design – OFF GRID HYBRID OPTION 1
ACDC
DC-Breaker
Change over
Opportunity
Domestic Agricultural / industrial
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION
BIOGAS - POWEROpportuni
ty
Fires
Wood
PelletBIOMASS / PELLET HEATING
ISITOFU
Powered by Renewable Biomass Pellets
BIOMASS LIVING COOKING
Stove Technical Specifications:• Stove Mass – 3.5kg• Fuel: Biomass(wood shavings or small diameter and or wood pellets)• Materials – Composite
• Stainless Steel Burn chamber• Heat shield• Mild Steel Housing• Aluminum or Stainless steel Lid
• Fuel chamber size 1-1.4kg• Average Gas burn time 120min (using 8mm pellet)• Average Char burn time 90min (using 8mm pellet)• Adjustable oxygen settings for heat control• No additional fans or battery are required !!!• Technology TLUD (Top Lit Up Draft)
System Information:• TLUD – Two stage burn system. Once the fire is lit the wood will give off gas (gas burn) • When the gas is finished the remaining charcoal will also burn (char burn)• Wood Pellet Fuel Energy is typically 18MJ/kg @ 8%MC• 1.8kg Wood Pellet equals 1lt Paraffin• Cost of operation of wood pellet is R6-8 per 32MJ(1liter Paraffin)• Cost of operation of a paraffin stove is R10-12 per 32MJ(1liter Paraffin)• Adding additional fuel during a burn will cause some smoke (must be done outside)• Stainless Steel burn chamber construction will last two to three years• Stove will extinguish if knocked over making it extremely safe• Wood Pellet will not burn unless in the burn chamber • Burn Chamber prevents the fuel from exiting if knocked over• As with all open fires (wood, LPG) good room ventilation is required for safe operation when burning indoors.
Biomass Wood Pellet –Safe Sustainable Renewable Carbon Neutral Low cost Fuel / Energy
BIOMASS LIVING COOKING
