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REPORT FOR FIELD WORK
LAKHRA FORMATION
BY
FAISAL KHOKHAR
2K9GLG39
University Of Sindh
Jamshoro
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1:- Executive summary 1
2:- Introduction 2
2.1- accessibility
2.2- purpose and work
2.3- previous work
3:- Geology of area
3.1- History3.2- lithology
3.3- stratigraphy
3.4- sequence
3.5- general geo:
3.6- hydrology
3.7- structure
4:- Conclusion
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A cknowledgement
We visited lakhra for study purpose with our respectedteachers Sir Mashooq A li Warar and Sir A sghar A li Hakrowith permission of department director Sir Sarfraz A liSolangi, and we are thankful to him to provide us theconvince to go on field study and gave us the apartunity tovisit the lakhra formation.
Executive Summary
The description is about the formation of lakhra
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2. Introduction
The lakhra contain Flat topped hills, slopesdown gently towards Indus plain stand out in
the eastern, northern andsouthern parts of the area. The broad Lakhravalley crosses the central part of the area and is
joined bynumber of tributaries. Highest point is 686 ftabove sea level near coal mines and lowest
point is 238 ftabove sea level near Lakhra Nala.
2.1- locationLakhra coal field is situated in the Dadu district
of Sindh Province of Pakistan. It is 48 km North-
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West of the town of Hyderabad. The proposed project area lies between Latitudes 25 30
minutes and 2550 minutes N, and Longitudes 68 15 minutes.Location map of Lakhra coalfield is enclosed.
2.2- A ccessibilityLakhra coal field is connected by a metallic
road with Indus Highway, which runs along theright
bank of river Indus. Standard gauge single railtrack is also available near Khanot village along
the side, lakhra is easy to approach by vehiclesfrom jamshoro.
2.3- previous work The work of study in geological field was
performed near Mehran University and other inThano Bula khan dist: jamshoro.
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3:- Geology of area Lakhra coal field is doubly plunging anticline,
known as Lakhra A nticline. Its axis runsEast direction, folding is very gentle and the dipof the strata not exceeds 7 degrees. There are gfaults almost parallel to the anticline axis. Thefault dips at high angles with small down throw.Gethe coal bearing strata are of tertiary period. Theupper coal bearing strata is important and contworkable coal seams. Lakhra coal is associatedwith the Bara Formation of late Paleocene age.
3.1- historyA s early as 1855 Baloch nomads during the
course of sinking water well struck coal bed inLakhra
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area. A fter that many geological investigationshave been carried out in the Lakhra area by
national andinternational organizations. Interest in largescale exploration of coal for power generation
began to developin the early 1960 when the Geological Surveyof Pakistan and United States GeologicalSurvey performeda systematic geological investigation of thearea. Pakistan Industrial DevelopmentCorporation carried outvarious tests and found Lakhra coal suitable for
power generation.
3.2- lithology
Lakhra formation consist of sandstone,limestone, clay stone, or shale stone andsiltstone. Sandstone is dominant in the Basel
beds, whereas limestone s dominant in the
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upper part and alternates with sandtone andclaysrone. The sandstone is thin to thik bedded,
light-gray, dark-brown/chocolate, yellow-brownand red in coulor. It is fine to coarse grained intexture with subangular to subrounded grain.Fossliferous in certain layers and calcareous, at
places grades into sandy limestone.it is hard andresistant when calcareous and fossiliferous(Thomas and khan, 1989) .
3.3-Stratigraphy
This formation conformably overlies theBara formation but uncomfortably underliesthe Laki formation. A t places the Lakiformation is missing and Manchar Formationoverlies the lakhara formation.
The unit is of variable thickness because of postlakhra erosion (Thomas 1993).
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The thickness of this formation increasefrom northeast to southwest and the total
thickness recorded in a section is about 113meter. The age assigned to this formaiotn isMidle to late Paleocene.
3.4-Sequence
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3.5-Genaral geology
Lakhra coal field is doubly plunging
anticline, known as Lakhra A nticline. Its axisruns in North-
East direction, folding is very gentle and the dipof the strata not exceeds 7 degrees. There aregroup of
faults almost parallel to the anticline axis. Thefault dips at high angles with small down throw.Geologically
the coal bearing strata are of tertiary period. Theupper coal bearing strata is important andcontains
workable coal seams. Lakhra coal is associatedwith the Bara Formation of late Paleocene age.
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3.6-Hydrology
The depth to ground water table is 110.2
meters and the elevation of the table is 23.8meters. Coal
seam is generally above the ground water.Climate is semi arid. A verage rainfall is 20 to30 cm and limited
recharges to aquifers through rainfall.
The average rain-fall is110-150 mm duringJuly A ugust.
3.7-Structure
There was a fold that the type of anticline atthe flank of anticline is lakhra formation and in
the core anticline there was khadro formation.
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.
5:- Conclusion
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