REPUBLIC OF MALI OBSOLETE PESTICIDES DISPOSAL AND PREVENTION PROJECT
ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Obsolete Pesticides Disposal and Prevention Project (PEPPO, P146247) in Mali seeks to rid the country of stocks of obsolete pesticides and associated wastes inventoried in an environment friendly manner. It has three components:
1. Disposal of publicly‐held OPs and associated waste and reduction of risk from priority, high‐risk, contaminated sites;
2. Limiting the re‐accumulation of OPs and associated waste by consolidating the achievements of the Africa Stockpiles Programme (PASP, closed in December 2012);
3. Project management. This environmental and social impact assessment (ESIA) concerns the environmental and social feasibility of the sub‐component "Disposal and decontamination of highly polluted sites, in particular Goundam, Bambara Maoudé and Kara" (component 1). The "Disposal" component comprises the following phases:
‐ Ensuring the safety of pesticide stocks
repackaging of stocks and safeguarding of facilities;
interim storage of stocks;
transportation of stocks; ‐ Actual disposal of stocks
The assessment was conducted in accordance with Malian regulations (regulatory and institutional framework governing the management of pesticides in Mali). In Mali, the ESIA is required by Law No. 01‐020 of 30 May 2001 on pollution and nuisance, Decree No. 08‐346 / P‐RM of 26 June 2008 as amended concerning the environmental and social impact assessment, Inter‐Ministerial Order No. 10‐1509/ MEA‐MIIC‐MEF of 31 May 2010 fixing the amount, terms of payment and management of expenditures pertaining to ESIA activities, and Inter‐Ministerial Order No. 2013‐0256 / MEA‐MATDAT‐SG of 29 January 2013 defining the procedures for public consultation in ESIA‐related matters. These texts define the department in charge, the implementation conditions, and the rules and procedures of the ESIA. Other texts regulate pesticide management in Mali, including those relating to the Classification of obsolete pesticides under types of hazardous waste, the environmental policy on waste management, and at the international level, international agreements (the Rotterdam Convention, the Stockholm Convention, Basel Convention, the Bamako Convention and the Vienna and Montreal Protocol), the International Transport Regulations (ADR1 and IMDG2 Code) and the Bank's Safeguard Policy
1 The European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR). 2 International Maritime Dangerous Goods.
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
2
(OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment, OP 4.09 Pest Management, and OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement). To achieve these objectives, this assessment conducted the following activities:
Review of priority sites of pesticide storage in Mali;
Identification of risks associated with each site in accordance with the indicators adopted by the Environmental Management Kit (EMTK) developed by FAO;
Classification of sites by risk category (High, Medium, Low) shown in the FAO/ PSMS3 system analysis and identification of critical and priority sites based on the risk;
Environmental and social audit of the inventory, as well as the environmental and socio‐economic impacts on identified sites;
Detailed description of the project, possible alternatives, and all components used for implementation of safeguard operations;
Identification of risks, as well as environmental and social impacts generated by the operations‐related activities;
Description of mitigation scenarios for each risk category and related impacts;
Justification of selected measures and assessment of associated costs;
Identification of performance indicators to ensure close monitoring of the implementation of these measures at the time of implementation of activities.
Obsolete pesticides are stored products that can no longer be used. They need to be eliminated because of their adverse effects on health and the environment. These pesticide stocks are generally due to the following:
Prohibition or severe regulations on the use of the product because of its effects on health or the environment;
The product is unfit for the use for which it was originally intended, has no other use, and cannot be easily modified to become usable;
Deterioration of the product as a result of prolonged storage or poor storage conditions;
Attaining and exceeding the expiry date. These products, some of which date back several decades, are therefore classified as obsolete and therefore unfit for use and are therefore hazardous waste stocks for humans and the environment. A national inventory, conducted between November 2005 and June 2006 by the Africa Stockpiles Programme (ASP‐Mali) with financing from the Agricultural Services and Farmer Organizations Support Programme (PASAOP) and technical support from FAO, revealed the presence of about 864 tonnes of obsolete pesticides and related wastes on nearly 250 sites throughout Mali. The
3 Pesticide Stock Management System (PSMS) is an application that has been developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to be used by countries to record and monitor their inventories of pesticides and their usage, in order to assist them in managing the most efficient usage. The application aims to help reduce the creation of obsolete pesticides and enable countries to plan strategies for responding more effectively to pest outbreaks.
3
related wastes include empty containers, and contaminated equipment and materials. These stocks are mostly kept by the Plant Protection Authority (OPV), the Malian Textile Development Company (CMDT), the Upper Niger Valley Authority (OHVN), and to a lesser extent by private operators and development projects. The inventory also revealed large areas of contaminated soil. In Mali, obsolete pesticide stocks and related waste are kept in facilities that do not meet FAO Guidelines and are exposed to the elements, all of which promote their degradation and cause pollution and nuisances. Some packages are damaged, leaking and release their contents into the surrounding environment. These stocks are dangerous and pose high risks for the health and the environment of people living in the vicinity. PASP‐Mali has been classified in safeguards Category "A" (full assessment) of World Bank projects. That is why an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) was conducted by the Project. The terms of reference of the assessment were based on two reports commissioned by PASP‐P1: Framework Environmental Assessment (FEA) and Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) dated 28 July 2003 and the Summary Report of the PASP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment dated 17 March 2004. The PASP ESIA was accordingly validated by the World Bank and published on Info Shop. An environmental permit was issued on 3 February 2010 by the Minister of the Environment. However, PASP‐Mali was closed on 31 December 2012, without disposal of the inventoried stocks of obsolete pesticides and related waste or decontamination of the highly polluted sites of Goundam, Bambara Maoudé and Kara. To achieve the set disposal objectives and consolidate PASP‐Mali achievements, the Government of Mali and the World Bank prepared a new project known as the "Obsolete Pesticides Disposal and Prevention Project ‐ PEPPO". It was agreed that the PASP ESIA should be updated for this new project. This entailed referring to the validated ESIA report and including the results, conclusions and recommendations of the updated inventory data and assessment of risks for health and the environment of obsolete pesticides storage priority sites of Mali and the feasibility study on technical decontamination options for the highly polluted sites of Goundam, Bambara Maoudé and Kara. The objective is to make the new ESIA report more consistent with the current situation of stocks of obsolete pesticides and related waste and highly polluted sites. The PASP‐Mali ESIA was updated in strict compliance with the Operational Policy (OP) 4.01 Environmental Assessment and Malian legislation on environmental impact assessment. In Mali, the ESIA is required by Law No. 01‐020 of 30 May 2001 on pollution and nuisances, and Decree No. 08‐346 / P‐RM of 26 June 2008 as amended on environmental and social impact assessment. Both texts define the department in charge, the conditions of implementation, and the rules and procedures of the ESIA.
4
UPDATED INVENTORY DATA STATUS A "Mission for update of the inventory and assessment of risks for health and the environment of obsolete pesticides priority storage sites in Mali," was conducted under the Project over the course of May and June 2014, on 22 storage facilities and 53 containers in 4 regions and Bamako District. The information and data collected were later recorded and validated in the PSMS that provides overall quantities by type of waste, as well as risk factors associated with them (Pesticides Factor and Environment Factor). The updated inventory of stocks of obsolete pesticides and related waste in Mali, as at 16 October 2014, is as follows:
Stocks of obsolete pesticides and related waste are spread in 315 storage sites/facilities across the country, as against 231 in the previous inventory of 2005/2006, representing an increase of 66 units. With 112 storage facilities, Koulikoro region has the largest number of facilities, followed by Sikasso region with 56 and Kayes region with 40.
Koulikoro region recorded the largest increase with 23 storage sites/facilities, followed by Kayes region which doubled its number. Gao and Kidal regions do not record new sites/ facilities. Bamako District and Tombouctou region recorded a decline in their numbers by three and one respectively, following transfer of products to a central storage facility (the case of Bamako) and the disappearance of the vessel that served as storage facility (the case of Tombouctou).
It should be noted that ten (10) fictitious sites/facilities were created by the CNLCP4 for Pesticide Triangulation Operations, organized in collaboration with FAO and other countries (Zambia, Georgia, Burkina Faso, etc.).5 More than 150 sites/facilities are currently empty of any stock of obsolete pesticides and related waste. These include sites/ facilities in Kidal, Gao, Tombouctou, Mopti and Kayes regions, as well as, to a lesser extent, in the CMDT6 and OHVN7 areas (Koulikoro and Sikasso regions). For example, in Koulikoro region which has the largest number of inventoried sites/facilities, 47 of the 112 (almost 42%) are completely empty of any waste stockpile. These include, in particular, village stores in the OHVN intervention areas.
There are nine (9) categories of owners of sites/facilities:
The Government, with 273 sites/facilities, has more than 86%.
Importers and distributors of pesticides do not have obsolete pesticide storage facilities.
Two facilities belong to pesticide retailers: Alfaro Store in Dioulabougou (Gao city) and Africa Insects Store (Tombouctou city).
4 National Center for Locust Control. 5 The CNLCP encounters serious difficulties in eliminating these facilities since transfers of pesticides in good state not made
were not normally recorded in the PSMS by the target countries 6 Malian Company for Textiles Development. 7 Office of the Niger Higher Valley.
5
Two facilities belong to pesticide formulators: Stores of the former SMPC factory (Bamako District).
Three (3) facilities belong to the private sector: APH Store in Bandiagara, Jean Bosco Centre Store in Sévaré and Souala village store.
Four facilities belong to NGOs: Former OADS stores in Bambara Maoudé and Gossi, PAMPAD Segue store and GTZ / KfW Station Store in Gourma Rharous.
The facilities are often poorly ventilated. It is very common to find drums that are leaking or have lost almost all their content over time. In some cases, the leaks are so strong that the ground is completely covered with pesticides and large parts of walls and grounds are saturated. Many facilities do not have the essential means to cope with hazards and excessive leaks or other emergencies situations. STATUS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF OBSOLETE PESTICIDES
There are currently 580.12 tonnes of obsolete pesticides in Mali.
Sikasso region has the largest quantity with 216.53 tonnes, followed by Koulikoro region with 178.54 tonnes.
The quantity of liquid pesticide is 507, 79 tonnes and solid pesticides 72.33 tonnes.
Liquid pesticides account for 87.53% as against 12.47% for solid pesticides.
There are no inventoried gas pesticides.
Most liquid formulations are emulsifiable concentrates (EC) and Ultra Low Volume (ULV). Most of the solid pesticides are powders for powdering.
VETERINARY PRODUCTS
The quantity of veterinary products is 9.16 tonnes as against 1.13 tonnes in the previous inventory, representing an 8‐fold increase in the quantity of stocks.
Sikasso region with 6.78 tonnes has most of the products.
Insecticides come first place in the inventory. However, there are diverse and anti‐infective products, anthelmintics, the vitamin complexes and trace elements, anti‐inflammatory drugs, vaccines and licks.
The Sikasso veterinary sector leads with 6.77 tonnes, of which more than 4.14 tonnes is amitraz, followed by Container 8 in Sanankoroba with 1.02 tonnes of various safe veterinary products and Dougabougou Store (Segou region) with 900 kg of arsenic trioxide (concentrated TIXOL against ticks).
EMPTY PACKAGES
There are 35.51 tonnes of empty packages as against 27.7 tonnes in the previous inventory of 2005/2006. The quantity of empty packages has increased by more than 7 tonnes.
The Empty Packages Community Management Strategy implemented by PASP‐Mali as from 2009 in 7 rural communities in cotton producing areas helped to collect and secure
6
very large quantities of empty plastic containers. Similarly, all empty metal containers were recovered by PASP‐Mali from bird control village squads in Mopti region.
The largest quantity of empty packages is in Kayes region with 15.8 tonnes, with 14.1 tonnes alone for Yélimané PV Sector Site (8.6 tonnes of compressed empty metal packages from Niogoméra pesticide cemeteries and kept in 3 containers and 5.5 tonnes of empty metal packages in PV Sector Store). Followed by 10.9 tonnes in Koulikoro region.
The former SMPC Factory site in Municipality 2 in Bamako District has the highest number of empty packages with 5,900 units (1,000 one‐litre steel cans and 4,900 plastic bottles for a total weight of 1.24 tonnes).
CONTAMINATED EQUIPMENT
The total quantity of contaminated equipment is 20.06 tonnes as against 375.43 tonnes in the previous inventory. The reduced total quantity is due to better assessment of the weight of the various equipment, particularly mobile and motorized sprayers which was calculated in the PSMS on the basis of estimated volume of waste. For example, Store A in Mourdiah which in the previous inventory contained 9 tonnes of contaminated equipment now contains no more than 296 kg.
The largest quantities are in Koulikoro region with 17.68 tonnes. Dilly OPV site/facility alone contains one tonne of mobile and motorized sprayers and dusters.
CONTAMINATED MATERIALS
The updated inventory indicates 21.58 tonnes of all kinds of contaminated materials as against 135.18 tonnes in the previous inventory, representing one‐sixth of the total quantity.
The largest quantity is in Kayes region with 14.23 tonnes.
Delinted seeds constitute most of the contaminated materials. The Sébékoro CMDT site/ facility, with 13.11 tonnes of delinted seeds, comes first, followed by Store 6 in Kimparana with 4.5 tonnes of delinted seeds. There are also the following quantities of other materials:
500 kg of fertilizers in CMDT Court Container in Fana;
350 kg of kaolin in Store B in Mourdiah;
915 old jute bags in Kéniégué (Kangaba District) weighing 183 kg;
20 kg of plaster in Container 13 in Sanankoroba;
a 20‐kg mattress in OPV Sector Annex Store in Molodo;
250 kg of various materials in OPV Container in Nioro comprising iron, wood, plastic and paper materials.
CONTAMINATED SOIL
Contaminated soils were identified in 39 facilities across the country. These facilities are in open areas, as well as in built and covered structures.
7
The updated inventory indicates 4,710 tonnes as against 6,385 tonnes in the previous inventory, representing a decline by nearly 1 675 tonnes. This sharp decline is due to better assessment of contamination soils within the facilities, as well as the extent of contamination and structure of the soils in question, in the field and in the quantity assessment in the PSMS.
The largest quantities of contaminated soils are found in Kidal region (3,332 tonnes), Tombouctou region (328 tonnes) and Kayes region (307 tonnes). The screened Zone of Tin‐Essako comes first with 3278 tonnes or nearly 70% of the national quantity, followed by Niogoméra pesticide cemetery undergoing decontamination with 300 tonnes, and the former OICMA contaminated site of Kara with 275 tonnes.
CONTAMINATED BUILDINGS
There are 9 inventoried contaminated buildings, with 5 in Koulikoro region. Gao, Kidal, and Tombouctou regions and Bamako District each have a single contaminated building.
The number of contaminated buildings has almost doubled (from 5 to 9). This is because the item “contaminated buildings” is now part of inventory products in the PSMS, whereas it applied previously only to empty stores that no longer served as storage for pesticides (the case of Djoliba, Nonkon, Marico 1, Marico 2 and Niamina Stores in OHVN zone) or blocked stores to prevent access due to high risks (the case of Tin Essako Store). Koriomé store is classified as contaminated building, although it contains 1.59 tonnes of waste.
Entry of the inventory data into the FAO/PSMS database helped in calculating two risk factors; the Fp factor relating to pesticides and the Fe factor relating to environmental conditions. These factors are used in classifying facilities so as to identify priorities in decision making regarding the management and disposal of obsolete pesticides and related waste, as well as reducing the risks of contaminated sites.
The current situation of the obsolete pesticides and related waste facilities is critical, and the risks are extremely high. The risks are due to:
The loss of pesticides and dispersion in the soil by capillary and microfauna action;
The infiltration of pesticides into groundwater through the contaminated soil;
Contamination of surface water by runoff, wind dispersal or animal transport. Warehouses located in floodplains periodically contribute to the contamination of surface water;
Aerial pesticide dispersion by volatilization or wind transport of dust or contaminated soil particles;
Contamination of the vegetation through the land or surface. The contaminated vegetation include crops, as well as human or animal food resources (livestock or wildlife);
direct or indirect harmful effects through pesticide particles released into the environment on humans, livestock and/or wildlife. Pesticides enter the food chain and are source of contamination of various organisms.
8
Short‐term acute or medium to long‐term chronic toxic effects.
Theft and looting of stockpiles lead to their use when they are prohibited, dangerous or unidentified;
The risk of explosion and fire. In the event that the Obsolete Pesticides and Related Waste Disposal and Prevention Project is not implemented, the situation will inevitably be more precarious because of:
Increased environmental and social nuisance,
Increased risk of contamination and multiplication of sources of impact,
The proliferation of stocks of obsolete pesticides and their use,
Complication of the situation into a more difficult one. In light of the foregoing, obsolete pesticide stocks need to be repackaged and removed, and the sites and facilities should be decontaminated.
These operations should be carried out with great caution because of the risk of accidents while handling these dangerous products.
Disposal
The options for the disposal of obsolete pesticides under safe conditions and in an environmentally friendly manner are very limited. The possible technologies are:
High temperature incineration. This involves specific hazardous waste incinerators, cement kilns modified and made suitable for incineration, and mobile units;
Chemical treatment;
Technical burial;
Reuse / reformulation.
An analysis of all the alternatives has shown that for Mali, high temperature incineration (1200°C) is the most appropriate option. This will be done in a country having the facilities required for such activities.
Reduction of contaminated sites risks
There are three soil decontamination processes:
Offsite treatment (the soils are taken to an outdoor facility);
Onsite treatment (pumping, vacuum extraction, containment and washing);
In‐situ treatment (bioremediation, land farming, confinement/insulation).
In view of Mali’s experience, the options of bio‐remediation, phyto‐remediation and confinement/insulation initiated during PASP implementation seem to be the most appropriate. In the first year of the project, a feasibility study of options for reducing the risks of contaminated sites will be conducted for polluted risk reduction operations in Goundam Bambara Maoudé and Kara.
9
Remediation of contaminated equipment
Contaminated equipment in the facilities (sprayers, furniture, walls, etc.) should be washed with tap water containing a detergent (Decon, Solvesso, etc.). The wash water will be collected and put in barrels to be treated in the same way as obsolete pesticides.
Treatment of empty packages
Inventoried empty packages and those whose content has been transferred and repackaged (plastic, glass and / or metal packages) should be treated as follows:
Triple rinsing of these packages with specific detergent (Decon, Solvesso, etc.);
Recovery of the washing liquids;
Putting of the rinsing water in drums and treating it in the same way as obsolete pesticides.
Rinsed metal packages will subsequently be compressed and eliminated (incinerated) or recycled. As for plastic packages, they will all be incinerated, just as the pesticides and rinsing water.
The disposal component of the Project, which is the subject of this assessment, focuses mainly on the following stages: ensuring safety of pesticides, storage, transportation, disposal and reduction of risks at contaminated sites.
1. Ensuring safety of pesticides (packaging, repackaging)
It is a prerequisite for export and disposal operations. The different stages of this component are the preparatory works, actual repackaging and temporary onsite storage.
2. Storage (interim)
This consists of storing and managing obsolete pesticides in the same way as ordinary stocks or even in a more secure way given the toxicity of the existing products for transportation and final disposal. Well centralized platforms with large storage capacities, such as Sanankoroba Storage Centre, will be identified by the firm and used as secondary storage centre.
Three alternatives may be adopted for interim storage to meet safety guidelines for environmental protection with specific support measures for each type of storage:
Outdoor storage;
Covered area storage; and
Container storage. The most appropriate option is the last one, and it will be adopted.
3. Transportation
The containers will be transported by road in trucks from the collection centres to the export port, for onward transportation to the destruction site. Three export ports are being considered: Dakar in Senegal, Guinea in Conakry, and Abidjan in Cote d’Ivoire.
10
For reasons of proximity (transportation costs) and experience (Mali has already shipped pesticides to Europe for incineration), the proposed route is as follows: Collection Centres – Dakar Port ‐ Europe.
4. Disposal
High‐temperature incineration (1200°C) will be conducted by the contractor in a country with the required facilities for such activities.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS
Task‐Based Risk Assessment (ERBT) is a standard technique which, for all activities related to the “disposal” component, seeks to:
identify risks that can affect human, natural and environmental resources;
identify the people likely to be affected by such risks;
assess the risks of exposure;
document all the actions;
analyze and review the risk assessment as the tasks are executed. The identified risks/impacts relating to the different segments of the disposal process are:
Ensuring safety of the pesticides (repackaging, etc.)
Release of toxic odours, dusts and vapours and fumes; Accidental pesticide spill; Contamination of facilities (soil, wall, materials and equipment); Contamination of the environment (air, flora, fauna, water, etc.); Fire hazard; Health risk for workers (burns, intoxication, etc.); Nuisance for the local population (fumes, odours, toxic dusts, fire, etc.).
Storage (interim)
Land use; Concentration and multiplication of risks; Requisition of containers; Difficulty of control; Intrusion, looting and theft of pesticides; Fire, Explosion Risk of accident (mishandling); Nuisance for the local population; Additional cost (security guard, electricity, water, etc.).
Transportation
Road accidents; Accidental spills and/or leakage; Nuisance for the local population; Contingency, cleaning costs, etc.
11
Decontamination of empty packages
Clearance of toxic vapours, odours and dust; Accidents and personal injury; Pollution caused by the rinsing liquid.
Reduction of risks on contaminated sites/soils
Release of toxic odours and dusts; Nuisance for the local population; Accidents and personal injury.
Disposal by high‐temperature incineration of pesticides and related waste
Personal accident; Explosion during incineration.
RISK MANAGEMENT
Risk management is focused on identifying strategies adopted for reducing the risks identified for each operation. These risks also include obligations and insurance.
MITIGATION PLAN The plan summarizes the potential risks/impacts on environmental and human health, as well as mitigation measures proposed for all activities in the “disposal” component. Institutional liability has been determined for each activity and each measure. The estimated cost of mitigation measures to be taken by the Project Management Unit amounts to CFAF 150 000.
STAFF TRAINING AND ORGANIZATIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING PLAN
The staff training and organizational capacity building plan for partner organizations of the Project presents, by activity, the beneficiaries of training and capacity building activities, as well as the specific types and contents of the activities, with an execution period and estimated costs. The plan gives the number of trainees, the duration and budget of the training, and the responsible entities. The cost estimate is CFAF 5.5 million.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN Environmental monitoring consists of ensuring that the laws and regulations governing Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and the commitments made by the developer, including the mitigation and/or compensation measures, are met during the course of project preparation and implementation. Environmental monitoring during project implementation provides information on key environmental aspects of the project, including its environmental impacts and the efficacy of the mitigation measures. Environmental monitoring concerns developments in certain natural and human environmental aspects affected by the project. It helps to measure the real project impacts, compare them with the potential impacts, and thereby assess the effectiveness of mitigation and enhancement measures.
In order to ensure proper implementation of the mitigation measures, a monitoring plan has been developed to ensure in the short, medium and long term:
12
monitoring of the mitigation measures; monitoring of all aspects regulated by the environmental law; monitoring of all components likely to cause long‐term nuisance.
The implementation cost estimate of the Environmental Monitoring Plan is CFAF 6000000. COMMUNICATION PLAN
The communication plan covers all stages for proper conduct of safety operations for stocks of obsolete pesticides and related waste, as well as decontamination of highly polluted sites. It must be strictly consistent with the objectives and expected outcomes of the activities, and especially focused on the protection of health and the environment during project implementation. In this way, it helps to ensure regular flow of information between the workers responsible for implementation of the operation, and between them and other external parties. The communication plan has the following components:
Off‐site Communication
It is designed and implemented for a wide audience:
administrative and municipal authorities; religious and opinion leaders; grassroots communities; the local population.
On‐site Communication
It is designed and implemented for limited targets:
members of National Safety and Decontamination Teams; officers of structures with stocks and facilities; recruited workers and service providers and those present on the sites.
The implementation cost estimate of the communication plan is CFAF 5.5 million.
The summary implementation cost estimate of the mitigation measures and various plans for the project implementation is CFAF 17.15 million.
DISSEMINATION OF THE ESIA
The validated final ESIA report was disseminated on December 24, 2014 through the World Bank Info Shop and in Mali on the website of the Ministry of the Environment, Sanitation and Sustainable Development. Furthermore, a programme and an action plan have been prepared for public dissemination based, in particular, on the organization of a national workshop with media coverage (radio and television) and on‐site information days.
PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS In Mali, the Interministerial Order No. 2013‐0256 / MEA‐MATDAT‐SG of January 29, 2013 fixed the terms of the public consultation on the ESIA. Public consultations accompany the whole process. Their purpose is to keep the public informed
13
about management decisions concerning project implementation, the potential consequences and impact of project activities, and the possible corrective measures, mitigation or compensation available to it. The public consultation process also aims to gather the views and concerns of people affected by the project. It is done under the leadership of state representative or the mayor of the project location with the assistance of technical services and the participation of the promoter. The individuals participating in the process are: the administrative and municipal authorities, chiefs and village councils, representatives of the community and socio‐professional associations, non‐governmental organizations and technical services. As part of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of PEPPO Mali activities, public consultations were held from 20 November to 05 December 2014 by the DNACPN (Promoter) National Consultant with the participation of PEPPO the Team. The public consultation sessions were held in Koutiala (Sikasso Region) in Fana (Koulikoro region), Industrial Zone (District of Bamako) and Kayes (Kayes Region). They were conducted in groups of about fifty participants per session, by location (200 people in total), including representatives of the heads of village and neighborhoods, residents associations, youth, women, farmers, health protection and environmental NGOs, and the concerned decentralized departments. The sessions were chaired by the administrative and municipal authorities of the places visited. During public consultations, experts from DNACPN and PEPPO have:
Given information on the conduct of public consultation meetings;
Presented objectives PEPPO;
Explained the delay in the process of eliminating obsolete pesticides and related waste in Mali because of the events of March 2012 and the suspension of funding from the World Bank and other technical and financial partners;
Presented the approach and implementation methodology of the security activities planned by site;
Presented the environmental, social and economic impacts that may result from the activities.
From the analysis of the various reports made during the public consultations, it appears that:
The people want the removal of obsolete pesticides operations to occur in cold and rainy season (cooler periods);
In the planning of the project, people would want to avoid official days and weekly markets localities;
In Molobala, people want provision of pharmaceutical products in the health centers for potential treatment of exposed persons;
In general, the population of all the localities visited expressed the desire, above all, for rapid removal from their territory of products which have caused and continue to cause trouble, and to have protective masks provided for the people living near the sites;
14
The participants also raised many questions on the general conduct of operations, hazards and associated risks, and the measures envisaged by the project in case of exposure or poisoning.
During the discussions, the representatives of the administration, technical services, DNACPN and PEPPO provided satisfactory explanations and answers related to the concerns of the people and other participants.