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Republic of Namibia
CASE STUDY 2: 5 YEAR SANITATION STATEGY IN NAMIBIA 2010/11 – 2014/15
Presented by Victor Slinger & Sjaak de Boer
Water and Sanitation Workshop 18th to 22nd October 2010,
Nairobi, KENYA
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
1. High Level Statements2. Background and Introduction3. Strategy and Target4. Key Sector Stakeholders5. Linkages with statements6. Key Indicators and Targets7. Sanitation Selection Criteria8. Strategic Themes and Map9. Strategy Accountabilities and
Responsibilities
MissionMission“To provide, with minimal impact on “To provide, with minimal impact on environment, acceptable, affordable and environment, acceptable, affordable and sustainable sanitation services for sustainable sanitation services for Namibian households.”Namibian households.”
VisionVision“A healthy environment and improved “A healthy environment and improved quality of lifequality of life by providing Sanitation services for urban by providing Sanitation services for urban and rural households.”and rural households.”
SloganSlogan““Sanitation for Improved Quality of Life Sanitation for Improved Quality of Life and Key to and Key to Healthy Communities” Healthy Communities”
High Level StatementsHigh Level Statements
Background and Background and IntroductionIntroduction
• The situational analysis (stakeholder The situational analysis (stakeholder
analysis, external and internal analysis) analysis, external and internal analysis) was carried out prior to developing the was carried out prior to developing the Strategy.Strategy.
• It revealed the major threats, It revealed the major threats, opportunities, strengths and weaknesses opportunities, strengths and weaknesses faced by the Sanitation Sector today. faced by the Sanitation Sector today.
• From this the key strategic issues were From this the key strategic issues were revealed. revealed.
• Strategy
The implementation of this strategy should be achieved through Sectoral Coordination, Integrated Development and Community Based Management with a Sector-Wide Approach in Financial Resource Allocation.
• TargetTo reach 66% of the Namibian population in 2015, by halving the proportion of people without adequate sustainable access to Improved Sanitation, reaching 57% coverage in rural and 80% in urban areas.
Key Sector StakeholdersKey Sector Stakeholders
Key Participants at Key Participants at different levelsdifferent levels
Traditional Authorities play an important role in Rural Traditional Authorities play an important role in Rural ActivitiesActivities
• Namibian Constitution
• Vision 2030
• NDP 3
• Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
Key Indicators and Key Indicators and TargetsTargets
• Hygiene awareness and education campaignsHygiene awareness and education campaigns• Community project specific sanitation trainingCommunity project specific sanitation training• Practicing safe hygiene behaviourPracticing safe hygiene behaviour• Access to improved sanitation in urban areasAccess to improved sanitation in urban areas• Access to improved sanitation in rural areasAccess to improved sanitation in rural areas• Target sanitation coverage in rural areas Target sanitation coverage in rural areas = 57%= 57%• Sanitation coverage in urban areas Sanitation coverage in urban areas = 80% = 80%
Key Indicators and Key Indicators and TargetsTargets
• Public institutions with improved sanitation Public institutions with improved sanitation facilities (incl. schools, hostels, border facilities (incl. schools, hostels, border posts, clinics, shops and service stations)posts, clinics, shops and service stations)
• No. Children under 5 years old reported No. Children under 5 years old reported with diarrhoea in last 2 weekswith diarrhoea in last 2 weeks
• Households accepting and using the Households accepting and using the selected sanitation systemselected sanitation system
• New jobs created in the sanitation sectorNew jobs created in the sanitation sector• Sanitation systems constructed and Sanitation systems constructed and
operated according to environmental operated according to environmental standardsstandards
General Strategic General Strategic Approach Approach
• Enabling EnvironmentEnabling Environment• Sustainable Behavioural ChangeSustainable Behavioural Change• Range of options for allRange of options for all• Delivery Process and RateDelivery Process and Rate
Sanitation Selection Sanitation Selection CriteriaCriteria
• All sanitation systems depend on All sanitation systems depend on various factors which need to be various factors which need to be evaluated in detail in different evaluated in detail in different Namibian contextsNamibian contexts
• The factors or selection criteria are The factors or selection criteria are depicted in the next slidedepicted in the next slide
Environment
• Topography• Flood resistant• Ground water level• Soil conditions : soft soil / hard rock• Available space (density)• Number of persons using the facility
Income generation
• Re-use of effluent for irrigation• Re use of dry or compost
waste as fertiliser• Biogas production
Project Selection Criteria
Affordability
• Construction cost• O & M cost
Technical Appropriateness
• Availability of spare parts• Availability of local skills • Availability of vacuum truck to empty tanks• Availability of constant running water supply• Availability of constant power supply
Cultural Aspects
• Acceptance of :• Urine diversion system• Re use of human waste• Men/women using the same toilet
Strategic Themes and Strategic Themes and MapMap
• The Sanitation Sector believes that it The Sanitation Sector believes that it can realise its vision when focusing on can realise its vision when focusing on 6 Themes or Building components.6 Themes or Building components.
• These themes are built onto one These themes are built onto one another or interdependent thus another or interdependent thus representing various processesrepresenting various processes
Strategic Themes and Strategic Themes and MapMap
• The Strategy Map shows how the 20 The Strategy Map shows how the 20 objectives (or essential building blocks) objectives (or essential building blocks) are dependent on each other over the are dependent on each other over the six themes.six themes.
• A chain of cause – effect relations was A chain of cause – effect relations was
created, which will lead to the desired created, which will lead to the desired outcome (See next slide).outcome (See next slide).
F. SOCIO-ECONOMIC-ENVIRONMANTAL OUTPUTS & OUTCOMES
A. WATSAN SECTOR COORDINATION
1. Social Improvements1. Social Improvements 2. Economic Improvements2. Economic Improvements 3. Environmental Improvements3. Environmental Improvements
4. Appropriate Performance ManagementSystem & Structures in Place,
based on Proper Baselines
4. Appropriate Performance ManagementSystem & Structures in Place,
based on Proper Baselines
1. Improved Coordination amongst all Sanitation Stakeholders at Central,
Regional & Local Levels
1. Improved Coordination amongst all Sanitation Stakeholders at Central,
Regional & Local Levels2. Legislative & Regulatory Frameworks
Developed, Harmonised & Communicated
2. Legislative & Regulatory Frameworks Developed, Harmonised & Communicated
3. Developed Set of TechnicalSanitation Guidelines, incl. Options with
Standards, Application Areas & C,O,M Costs
3. Developed Set of TechnicalSanitation Guidelines, incl. Options with
Standards, Application Areas & C,O,M Costs
B. INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING
2. Sufficient & Competent Staff inPlace at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
2. Sufficient & Competent Staff inPlace at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
3. Sufficient Physical ResourcesProvided at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
3. Sufficient Physical ResourcesProvided at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
4. Sufficient Sanitation Sector Funding
4. Sufficient Sanitation Sector Funding
1. Strong Leadership Commitment & Support at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
1. Strong Leadership Commitment & Support at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
C. COMMUNITY EDUCTION & PARTICPATION IN HYGIENE & SANITATION
1.Behavioral Change through Effective & Integrated Community Awareness,
Education & Training
1.Behavioral Change through Effective & Integrated Community Awareness,
Education & Training
3. Local Practical Skills inConstruction,
Operation & Maintenance
3. Local Practical Skills inConstruction,
Operation & Maintenance
D. CONSTRUCTION OF SANITATION SYSTEMS
2. Improved SanitationCoverage
2. Improved SanitationCoverage
3. Improved Capacities, Conditions & Functioning of
Wet & Dry Sanitation Systems
3. Improved Capacities, Conditions & Functioning of
Wet & Dry Sanitation Systems
E. O & M, PERFORMANCE MGT & ENFORCEMENT
1. Efficient Operation & Mainte-nance of all Sanitation Facilities,
based on Clear Guidelines
1. Efficient Operation & Mainte-nance of all Sanitation Facilities,
based on Clear Guidelines
2. Functional Performance Management (MERRIL)
2. Functional Performance Management (MERRIL)
3. Enforcement of Standards & Regulations for Compliance
3. Enforcement of Standards & Regulations for Compliance
1. Maximum Use of Local Resources
1. Maximum Use of Local Resources
2. Effective Community Participation & Buy-In
2. Effective Community Participation & Buy-In
Strategy Strategy Accountabilities and Accountabilities and
ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities
• Key accountabilities and responsibilities Key accountabilities and responsibilities per objective are clearly depicted in the per objective are clearly depicted in the next slide.next slide.
F. SOCIO-ECONOMIC-ENVIRONMANTAL OUTPUTS & OUTCOMES
A. WATSAN SECTOR COORDINATION
1. Social Improvements1. Social Improvements 2. Economic Improvements2. Economic Improvements 3. Environmental Improvements3. Environmental Improvements
4. Appropriate Performance ManagementSystem & Structures in Place,
based on Proper Baselines
4. Appropriate Performance ManagementSystem & Structures in Place,
based on Proper Baselines
1. Improved Coordination amongst all Sanitation Stakeholders at Central,
Regional & Local Levels
1. Improved Coordination amongst all Sanitation Stakeholders at Central,
Regional & Local Levels2. Legislative & Regulatory Frameworks
Developed, Harmonised & Communicated
2. Legislative & Regulatory Frameworks Developed, Harmonised & Communicated
3. Developed Set of TechnicalSanitation Guidelines, incl. Options with
Standards, Application Areas & C,O,M Costs
3. Developed Set of TechnicalSanitation Guidelines, incl. Options with
Standards, Application Areas & C,O,M Costs
B. INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING
2. Sufficient & Competent Staff inPlace at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
2. Sufficient & Competent Staff inPlace at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
3. Sufficient Physical ResourcesProvided at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
3. Sufficient Physical ResourcesProvided at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
4. Sufficient Sanitation Sector Funding
4. Sufficient Sanitation Sector Funding
1. Strong Leadership Commitment & Support at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
1. Strong Leadership Commitment & Support at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
C. COMMUNITY EDUCTION & PARTICPATION IN HYGIENE & SANITATION
1. Behavioural Change through Effective & Integrated Community Awareness,
Education & Training
1. Behavioural Change through Effective & Integrated Community Awareness,
Education & Training
3. Local Practical Skills inConstruction,
Operation & Maintenance
3. Local Practical Skills inConstruction,
Operation & Maintenance
D. CONSTRUCTION OF SANITATION SYSTEMS
2. Improved SanitationCoverage
2. Improved SanitationCoverage
3. Improved Capacities, Conditions & Functioning of
Wet & Dry Sanitation Systems
3. Improved Capacities, Conditions & Functioning of
Wet & Dry Sanitation Systems
E. O & M, PERFORMANCE MGT & ENFORCEMENT
1. Efficient Operation & Mainte-nance of all Sanitation Facilities,
based on Clear Guidelines
1. Efficient Operation & Mainte-nance of all Sanitation Facilities,
based on Clear Guidelines
2. Functional Performance Management (MERRIL)
2. Functional Performance Management (MERRIL)
3. Enforcement of Standards & Regulations for Compliance
3. Enforcement of Standards & Regulations for Compliance
1. Maximum Use of Local Resources
1. Maximum Use of Local Resources
2. Effective Community Participation & Buy-In
2. Effective Community Participation & Buy-In
DWSSC
MRLGHRD
MoHSS
RC/LA
ALL
Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5
Series1 244,870 282,873 344,058 353,758 413,758
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000 C
osts
[000s
]
Financial years
Total Strategic Budget
N$ [000s] Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5
18,120 A 5,490 4,658 2,658 2,658 2,658
147,800 B 27,100 34,100 29,200 28,700 28,700
69,450 C 14,950 14,800 13,500 13,100 13,100
1,394,545 D 194,400 227,585 297,520 307,520 367,520
13,000 E 3,150 2,650 2,400 2,400 2,400
1,750 F 350 350 350 350 350
1,644,665 TOTAL 245,440 284,143 345,628 354,728 414,728
By ThemeBy Theme
end
THANK YOU!