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Requirements of an ITS/Simulation Interoperability Standard (I/SIS)
Presented by: Dick StottlerStottler Henke Associates, [email protected]
Brian SpauldingMÄK Technologies, [email protected]
2004 Fall SIW
Overview Problem Description Helicopter ITS Case Study, Simulation Supports ITS
Integration Requirements Implemented Integration Solution
General Requirements of I/SIS Battle Command ITS Case Study, ITS Supports Sim.
Simulation Driven Interface Integration Requirements Implemented Integration Solution
Proposed I/SIS Direction
Problem DescriptionITSs integrated with Tactical Simulations
ITS: Automated Tutor (evaluation, tailored instruction) Looks over student’s shoulder during simulated scenarios
ITSs and Simulations are from Different Developers ITS needs access to ALL student actions
Not just those observable outside his simulated platform E.G. Plans, orders, comms, internal software use
ITS may need to start simulation with a scenario ITS may need to control some parts of the scenario ITS may need mechanism for feedback in simulation Simulation may need mechanism to start ITS Simulation may need to select evaluations
Helicopter ITS Case StudyDescription
Teaches beginner helicopter pilots during flight exercises Instruction includes real-time coaching and AAR Coaching is multi-level
Initially observations of problems Direct attention by “flashing” instruments If student fails to correct, coaching becomes more directive Beginners get more & more detailed coaching than advanced
ITS plans instruction, assigns exercises Based on mastery and personality attributes
ITS interfaced to Microsoft Flight Simulator ITS in control and is main application to the student
Helicopter ITS Case StudyIntegration Requirements
Start MSFC with ITS assigned scenario Monitor helicopter states and pilot inputs Present Coaching/AAR
Audio Text Flashing instruments Graphics
Take control of wild helicopter ITS/MSFS coordinated scenario/evaluation entry ITS/MSFS coordinated feedback authoring/presentation Consistent interface across simulations
Helicopter ITS Case StudyImplemented Integration Solution
Flight Simulator Universal Inter-Process Communication (FSUIPC)
Shared memory paradigm (virtual) Specific memory locations can be retrieved or set Actually consists of .dll in MSFS & c++ code in ITS
2 FSUIPC components communicate across processes Capabilities/interface provided are ad hoc and unique
Flashing instruments done outside of FSUIPC Student directed to start MSFC with specific scenarios Simulated out-of-control helicopter was reset ITS interfaced to others by rewriting interface module Formalized API for interfacing to simulators Different simulators, different capabilities/interface/ITS
General I/SIS Requirements ITS access to student actions (ex/internal) Presenting real-time coaching and AAR ITS/Simulation coordinated scenario start Scenario control Other possible:
Additional scenario info needed by ITS for evaluation ITS driven replay ITS interactivity, e.g. Socratic dialog Consistent User IDs between ITS and simulation
Battle Command ITS Case StudyDescription
Army Tactical trainer Enables commanders
and staff officers to practice planning and execution skills
Plan, fight and review battle
HLA-compliant Single- or multi-player MILSTD-2525B
tactical graphics
Battle Command ITS Case StudySimulation-Driven ITS Interface
From simulation-driven perspective Accessory available to support and enhance simulation
training objectives Could be interactive real-time feedback or evaluation
engine available at completion or at pre-defined stages Should be transparent
Seamlessly embedded and consistent with GUI
Overall goal to augment basic functionality with intelligent evaluation, hinting, and debriefing capabilities and to provide more effective training environment
Battle Command ITS Case StudyIntegration Requirements
Goal – use ITS to enhance learning experience Planning
Provide feedback, either interactively during planning or at end by evaluating completed plan
Execution Could be used to evaluate trainee’s performance
AAR Automatically generate time-stamped text to annotate key
events Provide positive feedback or identify specific time where poor
decision was made
Battle Command ITS Case StudyImplemented Integration Solution
ITS and BC-2010 existed as separate applications Separate window containing buttons to evaluate plan and
execution results Not optimal approach (done as 1st step due to limited funding and
time) Demonstrated additional value of incorporating ITS
User interactions Prepared plan, ask ITS to evaluate plan, repeat if necessary When execution complete, ask ITS to review performance Feedback displayed as text in browser
All communication via HLA (RPR FOM) Platform and Aggregate details, fire/detonate interactions Proprietary VR-Forces data (tactical graphics, tasking) Neutral graphics to define “correct” solutions
Proposed I/SIS DirectionHLA Based
Standardized constructs to encapsulate unit and vehicles positions and time-varying status Platform and Aggregate details and interactions available in standard
FOMs (RPR, NTMF, etc.) Standardized definitions for planning objects (tactical graphics
or other planning documents) Good starting point - NTMF, C4I Reference FOM
Generalized mechanisms to define structured tasks or other C4I messages Battle Management Language
Mechanism to define measures of performance and identify correct solutions
AAR Support Structures to define data recording insert time-stamped annotations