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Research Surveys

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Group Members

• Saba Afaq• Saba Mehboob• Reeha Noor• Ayesha Zaheer• Amna yousaf

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A Survey is a research technique in which data is collected from a sample of people using an interview or questionnaire.

Survey – technique of descriptive research that seeks to determine present practices or opinions of a specified population. A powerful, scientific tool for gathering accurate and useful information.

Survey Research is About Asking Questions About…Behaviors

Opinions/AttitudesFacts

Beliefs

What is a Survey?

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Why do a Survey?Interested in IndividualsInterested in Aggregation of ViewsInterested in Recent & Current EventsInterested in Big Groups

Surveys may be used for descriptive, explanatory, and exploratory purposes. They are typically used in studies that have the individual as the unit of analysis.

Survey research is probably the best method available to the social researcher who is interested in collecting original data for describing a population too large to observe directly.

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Who May Conduct a Survey?

Who need to get some information may conduct surveys e.g. Economists, psychologists, health professionals, political scientists, and others, to study matters such as income and expenditure patterns among households, the roots of ethnic or racial prejudice, the implications of health problems on

people's lives, comparative voting behavior, the effects on family life of women working outside the home, etc..

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Classification of Survey Research Mode of communication•personal interviews, telephone interviews, mail surveys, internet surveys

Type of question asked of respondent•structured questions•Unstructured questions

Time frame and population•cross-sectional surveys•longitudinal surveys

By result type• Qualitative• Quantitative

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Types of Surveys

Personal Interviews: A personal interview is a form of direct communication in which an interviewer asks respondents in a face-to-face conversational situation Telephone Interviews: In telephone interviews, respondents are contacted by telephone in order to collect data for surveys. , computers can be used to assist in telephone interviewing i-e Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI)

Mail Surveys: Mail surveys are sent to a preselected sample of people, with instructions on how to fill out the survey and return it enclosed. It has historically been one of the cheapest and most efficient methods of survey distribution Internet Surveys : An Internet survey is an "on-line" questionnaire designed to quickly and easily elicit responses on any research topic. These surveys are easily reached by anyone with Internet access.

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Questionnaire : type of paper-and-pencil survey used in descriptive research in which information is obtained by asking participants to

respond to questions rather than by observing their behavior.

Self-Administered Questionnaires: Questionnaires in which respondents are asked to complete the questionnaire by

themselves.

Normative survey : survey method that involves establishing norms for abilities, performances, beliefs, and attitudes.

Similar to questionnaire except that tests are administeredAAHPERD Youth Fitness Test (1958)

National Children and Youth Fitness Study (1985, 1987)

Types of Surveys

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Steps in Survey Research

1. State the objectives of the survey2. Define the target population3. Define the data to be collected 4. Define the required precision and accuracy 5. Define the measurement `instrument' 6. Define the sample frame, sample size and sampling

method7. Select the sample8. Collect the data9. Data analysis10. Results

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Advantages & Disadvantages of Surveys

Advantages of Surveys1. High Representativeness2. Low Costs3. Convenient Data Gathering4. Good Statistical Significance5. Precise Results

Disadvantages of Surveys6. Inflexible Design7. Not Ideal for Controversial Issues8. Possible Inappropriateness of Questions

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Selecting the Survey Method

In order to choose the best survey method for a particular survey project, you need to consider the following:

• Population and Sampling• Questions• Bias Issues• Resources

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References

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1. ww3.canyons.edu/.../Babbie%20Basics%205e%20PPT%20ch%209.ppt2. www.azkhan.de/documents/ResearchMethodology_Week06.ppt3. aculty.fullerton.edu/.../KNES%20510%20Research%20Methods/15%20..4. cs.fit.edu/~jpmcgee/classes/CSE5800/SURVEY_RESEARCH.ppt5. www.uky.edu/~kdbrad2/EDP656/Notes/PowerPoint/Chapter9.ppt6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survey_research#Internet_Surveys7. www.surveystar.com/our_services/faqweb_1.htm8. http://explorable.com/selecting-the-survey-method9. http://www.snapsurveys.com/blog/advantages-disadvantages-surveys/