Researches and standardization activities on systems using white space

Jeju, 13 – 16 May 2013 Standards for Shared ICT

Researches and standardization activities Researches and standardization activities on systems using white spaceon systems using white space

Homare MurakamiHomare MurakamiARIB (NICT)ARIB (NICT)

Document No:

GSC17-GRSC10-04

Source: ARIB

Contact: Homare Murakami (NICT), [email protected]

GSC Session:

GRSC10

Agenda Item:

4.3

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GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT2

Highlight of Current Activities (1)Highlight of Current Activities (1)

• First applications are start to be operated on TV white space in Japan– Area broadcasting-type systems

• Other applications are studied at working group of white space promotion committee organized by Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC)

• There are two categories within secondary systems

• An organization will be established to coordinate the usage of white space

Category Systems / Applications

Available from

Primary Terrestrial TV broadcasting

-

Secondary

High-level Specified Radio Microphones

Apr. 2013(expected

)

Lower-level

Area Broadcasting-type

Systems

Apr. 2012

Sensor network (Long-term study items)

Communication system for

disaster relief

Wireless broadband system

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Highlight of Current Activities (2)Highlight of Current Activities (2)• Standardization of RRS/systems using white space are on going in

several organizations• NICT contributes to these activities

Organization / Group Scope

Administrations

ITU-WP1B Consideration of radio regulation on Cognitive radio system (CRS)(study period of CRS is done on Feb. 2012)

ITU-WP5A Technical studies of Cognitive radio system (CRS)

APG Making APG’s (Asian’s) proposals to ITU

IEEE 802 committee

IEEE 802.11af Standardization of white space WLAN

IEEE 802.15.4m Standardization of white space SUN

IEEE 802.19.1 Standardization of coexistence methods for white space systems

IEEE 802.22b Standardization of white space WRAN

IEEE DySPAN-SC

IEEE 1900.4a Standardization of cognitive radio networks (Published on Sept. 2011)

IEEE 1900.4.1 Standardization of cognitive radio networks

IEEE 1900.6 Standardization of spectrum sensing interfaces (Published on Apr. 2012)

IEEE 1900.6a Standardization of spectrum sensing interfaces

IEEE 1900.7 Standardization of PHY/MAC specification for white space

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Strategic DirectionStrategic Direction

• Contribute to standardization activities in several organizations in order to harmonize them with Japanese conditions (e.g. bands, bandwidth, power, and applications)

• Accelerate the researches of white-space systems to help to establish technical specification in white space promotion committee organized by MIC in Japan

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ChallengesChallenges• Apply the standards to different

specifications of terrestrial TV broadcasting and policies in each country

• Introduce automatic coordination scheme to coexistence several WS devices in the same band (e.g. WS database and coexistence manager approach)– In Japan, coordination of white space

usage is currently done by hand (licencing published by MIC, and coordination activity by a new organization)

TVWS Database

White space radio system

Coexistence Manager Coexistence

Enabler

AnotherCoexistence

Manager

802.19.1 Scope


Coexistence Enabler

Coexistence Discovery

and Information Server

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Next Steps / ActionsNext Steps / Actions

• Continue to contribute to establishing / improving standard documents in several organizations (e.g. ITU, IEEE)

• Continue to research to develop coexisting methods of several WS devices in the same bands

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Supplementary SlidesSupplementary Slides

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GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT

Cognitive radio technologyCognitive radio technology• Cognitive radio

– is a radio or system that senses, and is aware of, its operational environment and can dynamically and autonomously adjust its radio operating parameters accordingly by collaborating wireless and wired networks

• Two types of approaches– Heterogeneous type cognitive radio– White space type cognitive radio

• Cognitive wireless cloud is the concept to bring the two approaches into a real environment to improve spectrum usage efficiency

8

System ASystem A System BSystem B System CSystem C

Freq.Freq.

White space type cognitive radioWhite space type cognitive radio

Heterogeneous type cognitive radioHeterogeneous type cognitive radio


Freq.Freq.

By sensing frequency bands that systems have been allocated on and time slots, users secure adequate bandwidth by selecting existing systems.

By sensing vacant frequency band and time slot, users secure adequate bandwidth by bundling vacant freq. bands.

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Cognitive Wireless CloudsCognitive Wireless Clouds

9 (b) White space type cognitive radio

Primary Operator 1 Primary

operator 2

Network based on cognitive base station

Wireless/Wired link(A kind of adhoc network)

OperatorIndependentnetwork manager

OperatorDependentNetwork manager

OperatorDependentnetwork manager

Heterogeneous type cognitive base station (CBS)

Cognitive terminal (CT)

SecondaryOperator 2

Sensing and connection

White space type cognitive base station (CBS)

SecondaryOperator 1

OperatorIndependentCo-existing manager

OperatorIndependentspectrum manager

(a) Heterogeneous type cognitive radio

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Four types of utilization methodsFour types of utilization methods

10

(a) Heterogeneous type operated on

terminals

Any access technologies on

the vacant freq./slot

(b) Heterogeneous type operated on

base stations

(c) White space type operated on base

stations

(d) White space type operated on terminals

Operator independent spectrum/reconfiguration

/coexistence manager

Sensing vacant frequency/timeslot

Sensing available RATs

Sensing available RATs

Any access technologies

can be applied

Sensing vacant frequency/timeslot

Any access technologies on

the vacant freq./slot

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Network architecture and Network architecture and management frameworkmanagement framework

• CWC architecture– NRMs control radio resource utilization in

cooperation with several managers (TRMs, CBSRMs) and RANs

– Standardizes as IEEE 1900.4/4a

11

• Control channel for cognitive radio– Design of out-of-band control channel

• Used as the “radio enabler” of IEEE 1900.4

• Several implementations are studied– Dedicated system, data-channel on terrestrial TV broadcasting, low-power transvers, etc.

– Terminal specific control signal will be exchanges in In-band logical channel

OSM

NRM

RRC

RMC

AnotherNRM

WSM

TRM

TMC

TRC

CBSRM

CBSMC

CBSRC

AnotherCBSRM

RAN1

RANn

AnotherTRM

WS RAN

CBS

Terminal

Terminal

TRM

TMC

TRC

Packet based network

ヘテロジニアス型コグニティブ無線システム

周波数共用型コグニティブ無線システム

CBS: Cognitive Base StationCBSMC: CBS Measurement CollectorCBSRC: CBS Reconfiguration ControllerCBSRM: CBS Reconfiguration ManagerNRM: Network Reconfiguration ManagerOSM: Operator Spectrum ManagerRAN: Radio Access Network

RMC: RAN Measurement CollectorRRC: RAN Reconfiguration ControllerTMC: Terminal Measurement CollectorTRC: Terminal Reconfiguration ControllerTRM: Terminal Reconfiguration ManagerWSM: White Space ManagerWS RAN: White Space RAN

Spectrum sharing type cognitive radio system

Heterogeneous type cognitive radio system

Terrestrial TV-type control channel test facility

at NICT Yokosuka site

ネットワーク再構築マネージャ(NRM)

コグニティブ無線基地局(CBS)

コグニティブ無線端末(CT)

データ通信コグニティブ無線端末に制御情報を送受信する専用の無線通信（アウトバンドパイロットチャネル）

OPC基地局

CPC基地局

Sensing part

Comm. part

Control ch. part

Control channel BS

Controlchannel BS

Network Reconfiguration Manager (NRM)

Cognitive Base Stations (CBSs)

Cognitive Terminals (CTs)

Data communication

Out-of-bandcontrol channel

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Cognitive base stations (CBS)Cognitive base stations (CBS)• Implementation of cognitive radio technology into base

stations/access points– Advantages to terminals

• Low-cost, low-power consumption and small size • Current existing terminals can be supported

– Links can be aggregated by CBSs

12

Wi-Fi

RANs (e.g. LTE, 3G,WiiMAX, Wi-Fi)

Cognitive base station (CBS)

Networkreconfiguration Manager

User terminalssupporting wi-fi access

RAT devices(USB dongle)

Internet

Network policy / Measurement information

• White space type CBS first prototype

• Heterogeneous type CBS prototypes

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How to utilize the white space?How to utilize the white space?

Any access technologies can be applied at the white space but…

•Need to protect primary services– Sensing technology

– Database

•Need to coexistence with different access technologies operated in the same band

– Standards using white space

– Coexistence functions

13


Freq.Freq.

White space type cognitive radioWhite space type cognitive radio

WLANon whitespace

WLANon whitespace

WPAN/SUN

on whitespace

WPAN/SUN

on whitespace

WMANon whitespace

WMANon whitespace

WRANon whitespace

WRANon whitespace

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White space database(1)White space database(1)• Primary systems have to be protected

from secondary systems– Secondary systems shall away from

separation distance, and can be operated at outside of primary systems’ protected contour

– Whitespace database gives detailed information about primary systems

• Several white space standards are discussed– E.g. IEEE 802.11af(WLAN),

802.15.4m(SUN), 802.22(WRAN) – Signals from devices of a standard may

interfere to that of other standards– “database for secondary systems” are

also required for coexistence of multiple whitespace standards

14

Whitespace database

Whitespace database

Multiple TV whitespace standards

Whitespace coexistence manager

primary system’s area

Calculation among users on the same

system

Calculation among users on different

systems

Primary system

Secondary system A

Secondary system B

Protected contour

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White space database(2)White space database(2)Implement TV whitespace database•Providing available channels in TV white space to CBS by responding to its query•Calculating interface between existing TV broadcasting and the secondary systems, then available channels at each CBS’s location are derived

– Accessible via IETF PAWS (on HTTP) interface•Multiple calculation methods can be implemented and be switched between them

– US FCC methods• Supporting FCC regulation (FCC 10-174, FCC 12-

36)

– UK Ofcom methods• Supporting a document from Ofcom (Implementing

Geolocation (9 November 2010))

– Japanese methods• To be deployed (still discussing in technical

committee under MIC)

15

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WLAN system on white space(1)WLAN system on white space(1)

• IEEE 802.11af

– 802.11 PHY and MAC standard will be amended to support TV white space band

16

802.11 BSS

Internet

802.11 BSS

STAs(mode I)AP (mode II)

AP (mode II)

STAs(mode I)Geo-location Database

Geo-location Database

Registered Location Secure Server

Scope of standardization on 802.11af

OFDM

802.11a/g

802.11n/ac

MIMO

802.11-2007

Primary service protection

802.11y

TVWS Data base access

Technologies

Standards

802.11u/zItems Value

ApplicationsSame as IEEE802.11 WLAN systems

Frequency 174-862 MHz

Service area size100m-500m for personal portable device and 5Km for fixed device

Number of terminals per an AP

Up to 512

Data lateFrom 1.5Mbps to 600Mbps（ can be changes）

Power<=100mW for personal portable device, <=1W for fixed device

Bandwidth5/10/20/40MHz （ can be changed）

Primary system for protection

Terrestrial TV broadcasts, wireless microphone

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WLAN system on white space(2)WLAN system on white space(2)• The world’s first WiFi prototype

in TV white space based on the IEEE 802.11af draft specification– Based on Draft 2.0

(released in Sept. 2012)

17

Item ValueFrequency 470-710MHzChannel

bandwidth6MHz

Transmission power

20dBm

MCS BPSK

MACIEEE 802.11af Draft

Specification (D 2.0)

Antenna gain 0dBi

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Hardware platform for TV white spaceHardware platform for TV white space• 802.11af prototype using FPGA

– Supporting 802.11af (UHF band), 802.11b/g(2.4GHz band), and ISDB-T(UHF band)

18

802.11af hardware(SDR RF × 1)

Chassis of HW (SDR RF × 2 inside)

Item Specification

RF frequency 470M-770MHz, 1884.5M-1919.6MHz, 2210M-2170MHz, 2400M-2497MHz, 2492.5M-2692.5MHz, 5160M-5330MHz

FPGA SPARTAN-6（ XC6SLX150-2FGG676C） x 2

Memory for FPGA SDRAM 512Mbit

Interface PCI Express

CPU Intel Core2Duo processor T7500(2.2GHz)

Memory for CPU DDR2-667 Unbuffered SO-DIMM×2

Supported PHY and MAC

IEEE 802.11a/b/g, IEEE 802.16e

Supported system architecture

IEEE1900.4/4a/6

Sensing level -120 dBm/8MHz (470M-770MHz)(depends on the standards in other bands)

OS Linux

Size FPGA board:125mm×95mmCPU board:125mm×95mm

I/O Ethernet (1000Base-T), USB *8, DSUB

Power DC13.8V

RF part

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SUN system on white spaceSUN system on white space

• IEEE 802.15.4m – Smart Utility Network (SUN)– Data collection from meters of electricity, gas and water using SUN and

WAN technology

19

Signals on WAN

Service areaby existing service

Extended service area by relay transmission on SUN

Signmals on SUN

More coverageby relay transmission

Low power consumption SUN system with meters•Efficient sleep function•Efficient relay/ route selection

SUN(Smart Utility Network)

WAN(Wide Area Network)

SUN can covers dead zone of WAN

• Working 10 years without battery change with 2-3 AAA battery

• Distance: 100m+• Construct mesh / tree topology

Data collection

server

IP Network

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Coexistence management architectureCoexistence management architecture• Accommodate multiple white space RATs

into a same band– Standardization is on going at IEEE 802.19.1

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Items Description

Coexistence Manager (CM)

• Make decision related to coexistence

• Provides it to CEs

Coexistence Enabler (CE)

• Retrieve information related coexistence from TVBD

• Communication between CM and TVBD, with translating the information format between CM and TVBD

Coexistence Discovery and Information Server (CDIS)

• Provide coexistence related information to CMs

• Helping a CM to find othe CMs• May connect to TVWS database

Items Description

Coexistence method

Three logical entities defined in the standard provides coexistence function among different TVWS devices in cooperation with TVWS database. • Coexistence Manager (CM)• Coexistence Enabler (CE)• Coexistence Discovery and Information Server (CDIS)Six logical interfaces (depicted in right figure) is also defined.•Interface A•Interface B1•Interface B2•Interface B3•Interface C

Services

• Coexistence Information ServiceCM provides information regarding coexistence, e.g. Neighbor list/types/operating channels, to TVBDs

• Coexistence Management ServiceCM controls TVBDs’ coexistence behavier based on the information gathered from TVBDs, TVWS database and CDIS

TVWS Database


Coexistence Manager Coexistence

Enabler

AnotherCoexistence

Manager

802.19.1 Scope


Coexistence Enabler

Coexistence Discovery

and Information Server

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Whitespace regulations is JapanWhitespace regulations is Japan• As of Apr. 2012, area broadcasting-type systems are start to be operated as

the first application on TV white space in Japan– License can be issued for applicant if its condition qualifies technical criteria

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• Other applications are studied at working group of white space promotion committee organized by Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC)

– “static” and “nomadic” usages are candidates

• “mobile” usage is currently out of scope in the group

• radio microphone will be available as 2nd application in 2013

– It has higher priority than area broadcasting system, therefore coexistence process has been discussed

• Other applications are recognized as long-term study items

Category Systems / Applications

Available from

Primary Terrestrial TV broadcasting

-

Secondary

High-level Specified Radio Microphones

2013 2Q(expected

)

Lower-level

Area Broadcasting-type

Systems

Apr. 2012

Sensor network (Long-term study items)

Communication system for

disaster relief

Wireless broadband system

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Our works in standardization bodiesOur works in standardization bodies

22

Organization / Group Scope Positions / roles by NICT

Administrations

ITU-WP1B Consideration of radio regulation on Cognitive radio system (CRS)(study period of CRS is done on Feb. 2012)

ITU-WP5A Technical studies of Cognitive radio system (CRS)

APG Making APG’s (Asian’s) proposals to ITU

IEEE 802 committee

IEEE 802.11af Standardization of white space WLAN Vice chair, Secretary

IEEE 802.15.4m Standardization of white space SUN Vice chair, Technical editor, Secretory

IEEE 802.19.1 Standardization of coexistence methods for white space systems Assistant technical editor

IEEE 802.22b Standardization of white space WRAN Chair, Secretary

IEEE DySPAN-SC Chair

IEEE 1900.4a Standardization of cognitive radio networks(Published on Sept. 2011)

Vice chair, Secretary

IEEE 1900.4.1 Standardization of cognitive radio networks Vice chair, Secretary

IEEE 1900.6 Standardization of spectrum sensing interfaces(Published on Apr. 2012)

Secretary

IEEE 1900.6a Standardization of spectrum sensing interfaces Secretary, Technical editor

IEEE 1900.7 Standardization of PHY/MAC specification for white space Chair

Alliances and promotion activities

Wireless Innovation Forum Alliance for software defined radio technology Board member

Wi-Fi Alliance Alliance for Wi-Fi standard

WRAN Alliance Alliance for promotion of WRAN standard Board member

WiSUN Alliance Alliance for promotion of SUN standard Board member

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Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!• A part of this presentation was conducted under a contract of R&D

for radio resource enhancement, organized by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan.

• Contact: [email protected]

• Our latest activities and outcomes are available at http://www2.nict.go.jp/wireless/smartlab/

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Researches and standardization activities on systems using white space

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