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RESEARCHING THE DESIGN THINKINGBEHIND THE DESIGN APPROACHES OFYUSUF BILYARTA MANGUNWIJAYA
Understanding of Research Methods Through
Classification of Knowledge Paradigms
HAFIZ AMIRROL 25209022
RESEARCHING ROMO MANGUN
YUSUF BILYARTA MANGUNWIJAYA
(Ambarawa, Central Java, 6 May 1929 - Jakarta,Indonesia, 10 February 1999)
Technical/Mechanical
Non-Technical/Humanistic
PHILOSOPHICALTHOUGHT
IMPLEMENTATIONPROCESS
CREATIVEPROCESS
COMMUNICATIONPROCESS
Keywords: Research Methods, Knowledge Paradigms, Systematic Philosophy, YB Mangunwijaya
ROMO MANGUN’S ARCHITECTURAL PHILOSOPHY
WASTU=
vasthuvidya
Understanding of Existence
Reflexive and Responsive
Meaning and Spirit
Cosmological and Spiritual Relationships
Transformative Value
Komplek Ziarah Sendang Sono (1972-1991)
ROMO MANGUN’S CLASSIFICATION OF ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPALS
WASTUCITRA
VernacularismLocal Architecture Reflecting the Assimilation of Function and Appearance
Architecture for the PoorArchitecture as a Tool to Empower the Marginalized Poor Community
Beauty is TruthDesign in Beauty, Built in Truth - at the Right Time and the Right Place
Wisma Kuwera, Yogyakarta (1986-1999)
ROMO MANGUN’S CREATIVE PROCESS
ORGANIZATIONSPROJECTSOURCE INDIVIDUALS OWN INITIATIVES
SELF-REFLECTIONDESIGNSTAGE
USERS’ PARTICIPATION
INITIAL CONCEPT
ARCHITECT’SAUTHORIZATION
IMPLEMENTATIONUSERS’
PARTICIPATIONCOLLABORATIONWITH WORKERS
CHANGES AMENDMENTS
PROJECTSOURCE END PRODUCT
INITIATION OF CONCEPT
2 MAIN METHODS
IntuitiveReflection of Philosophical Thoughts and Spiritual Beliefs
RationalResponding to Contextual Needs and Demands
SUMMARY
DESIGN METHODS
PHILOSOPHICALAPPROACH
Unification of VariousContextual Needs and Demands
Guna & Citra(Function & Appearance)
Reflectionof Beliefsand Thoughtstowards theBuilt Environment
}
CLASSIFICATION OF KNOWLEDGE PARADIGMS
DESIGN THINKING = PHILOSOPHICAL THINKING
Method of Thoughts1. Radical2. Holistic
Way of Life1. Intellectual2. Emotional3. Practical
As Sciences1. Wisdom
ROMO MANGUN’S DESIGN AND SYSTEMATIC PHILOSOPHY CLASSIFICATION AND APPROACHES
KNOWLEDGE
EXISTENCE
VALUE
EPISTEMOLOGY, METHODOLOGYWISDOM, LOGICAL STRUCTURE
ONTOLOGICAL, METAPHYSICS
ETHICS, BEAUTY
} MAIN CONSTRUCT*
*Romo Mangun beliefs in knowledge as something that is socially constructed shows similarity to Michel Foucault’s The Archeology of Knowledge thesis
KNOWLEDGE PARADIGMS USED IN RESEARCHING ROMO MANGUN
KNOWLEDGE PARADIGMS SOURCES AND MEANINGS ONTOLOGICAL ESENTIALS FUNCTION IN RESEARCH
POSITIVISTICHEURISTIC REASONING
AND OBSERVATIONCLASSIFICATION OF REALITY
OR SPECIFIC SUBJECTSELECTION OF METHODS
AND EMPIRICAL STATISTICS
ONGOING REALITY OBSERVATION
REFLECTIVE INTUITIONFORMALISTIC/
STRUCTURALISTICCLASSIFICATION OF METHODSAND EMPIRICAL STATISTICS
(Perumahan Kali Code & Komplek Ziarah Sendang Sono)
(Bentara Budaya Jakarta & Perumahan Kali Code)
SEPARATEDREALITY
HEURISTIC REASONINGAND DATA COLLECTION
PARTICIPATORYOBSERVATION
SOSIAL OBSERVATIONAND FACT FINDING
(Perumahan Kali Code & Proyek Air Bersih Gunung Kidul)
ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH METHODS USED (PARTICIPATORY OBSERVATION)
KNOWLEDGE PARADIGMS SOURCES AND MEANINGS ONTOLOGICAL ESENTIALS FUNCTION IN RESEARCH
SEPARATEDREALITY
HEURISTIC REASONINGAND DATA COLLECTION
PARTICIPATORYOBSERVATION
SOSIAL OBSERVATIONAND FACT FINDING
(Case Study: Perumahan Kali Code, Yogyakarta)
Observation of dwellersand end-users’ behavior
within its context
Using samples (end-users)and data collected
from various sources
Cultural, social, economicaland religious practice of
the community
Classification andprioritizing data through
tacit knowledge
(Action Strategy by the Designer)
(Epistemology Strategy by the Researcher)
Re-interview the end-usersand
Literature reviews
Investigation by conducting post-occupancy evaluation
Self-assimilationinto the daily practice of
the community
Classification andprioritizing data through
deductive knowledge
Research Object
Designer
Researcher
CONCLUSION
(Epistemology Strategy by the Researcher)
Re-interview the end-usersand
Literature reviews
Investigation by conducting post-occupancy evaluation
Self-assimilationinto the daily practice of
the community
Classification andprioritizing data through
deductive knowledge
Strengths
First hand information,Reliable data source,Experienced-based
knowledge and data
Phenomenal and contextualinformation gathered,
Critical observation basedon conditions and situations
Observer - objects arebeing treated as a
unified research entityand process
Reasoning and logicalanalysis of available facts
are reliable and can be systematically organized
Weaknesses
Data collection may beinfluenced with personal
biases and otherresearch ethics concerns
Time consuming,Increased cost,
Complication in datagathering will occur
Observer/ researchermight develop personal
relation which will causeconflict of interests in research
Reduction of data through the process of classification
will not do justice to the research
REFERENCES
1. Sunaryo, R.G., Mengikuti Langkah Pikir Romo Mangun: Sebuah Tinjauan Mengenai Metode Perancangan ArsitekturYusuf Bilyarta Mangunwijaya, Dimensi Teknik Arsitektur, Vol. 35, No. 1 pp. 41 -45, Surabaya (2007)
2. Khudori, D., Menuju Kampung Pemerdekaan, Yayasan Pondok Rakyat, Jakarta (2002)
3. Indratno, F. (ed.), Negara Minus Nurani: Esai-Esai Kritis Kebijakan Publik, Forum Mangunwijaya III, Penerbit Buku Kompas,Jakarta (2008)
4. Suharsaputra, U., Filsafat Ilmu, PhD Thesis, Universitas Kuningan, Jawa Barat (2004)
5. Stangroom, J. Little Book of Big Ideas: Philosophy, A&C Black Publishers Ltd, London (2006)
6. Groat, L. & Wang, D., Architectural Research Methods, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York (2002)
7. Foucault, M., The Archeology of Knowledge, Trans. A.M Sheridan Smith, Routledge, London (2002)
Perumahan Kali Code, Yogyakarta (1983-1987)
END