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Research Design
SHOBHIT KUMAR
R.B.M.I., Bareilly
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Types of Research Design
Exploratory research design
Descriptive research design
Experimental research design
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Exploratory research design
The purpose of this research is to formulate a
problem for more precise investigation.
It aims to gain new insights in the problem
To formulate specific hypotheses
To locate the possible variables
The major concern oh this research is on
discovery of ideas or insights.
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Exploratory research design
The survey of concerned literature
The experience survey i.e. the people
concerns with the problemAnalysis of insight stimulating examples
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Descriptive research design
These are concern with describing the
characteristics of a particular group,
community, society, individual or event It aims to minimize bias and maximize
reliability.
Two types: Qualitative
Quantitative
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Qualitative description
Studies related to culture, patterns,
processes, norms, values
Methods: Observation
Formal or informal interview
Reading diaries Other secondary resources
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Quantitative descriptionUse of questionnaire, schedule, scales,
structured interviews and otherstatistically evaluative tools
Types: Description of characteristics of individuals,
groups or communities
Describing facilities
Description of habits
Description of attitudes of the people
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Experimental research design
Procedure:
Construction of control and experimental
groups. Pre-test
Exposure of the experimental group to the
experiment
Post-test
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Construction of groups:
Randomization
Matching-
Mean matching Pair matching
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Types of Experimental designs
After only experiments
The before-after experiments
Quasi-experimental Design
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After only experiments
Pseudo experimental designs
No pre test
Only experiment and post testTwo types:
Single group post test only
Two group post test only
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The before-after experiments
Experimental group only
Two group design
Three groups- two control groupFour group design- two control group
Four group design- three control group
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Quasi-experimental Design
Time series design
Equivalent time sample design
Non equivalent control group designCounterbalanced design
Separate sample pre test-post test
designPatched up design
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Ex-post facto designs
Correlation design
Criterion group design
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Formal research designs
C.R. Design:
Two group simple randomized design
Random replication designRandom Block Design
Latin Square Design
Factorial Design
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References: Kothari C.R.,(2005) Research Methodology:
Methods and Techniques, N.Delhi: New Age
International P. Ltd., p.p. 35-52
Singh A.K., (2002) Tests, Measurements andResearch Methods in Behavioural Sciences,
Patna: Bharti Bhawan, p.p. 416-423
Thakur D.,(1993) Research Methodology in
social Sciences, N.Delhi: Deep & Deeppublications, p.p. 168-200
