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RESERVE: THE CONTEXT
• The European Commission and the Member States are setting ambitious goals in
terms of use of renewable energy sources (32% by 2030)
• As result, many Renewable Energy Sources driven by power electronics have
been and will be installed in the grid
• This change is affecting the fundamentals of grid operation and it is the necessary
to rethink the basics of control and automation
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RESERVE: THE CONTEXT
29/11/2018 RESERVE Overview
Renewables 2014 Global Status Report
• Because the majority of the new Energy
Sources are connected to the
Distribution Grid, as also underlined by
the Winter Package, the relation
between DSO and TSO is going to
change
• RESERVE focuses on the role of
Distribution Grid and power electronic-
driven sources inserted in this section of
the network (in parallel the project
MIGRATE is focusing on the
Transmission level)
RISING QUESTIONS
• How are we going to substitute the role of Synchronous Machines in future Power
Systems?
• How can power electronics play a new role and actually make the grid even better
than before?
• What is a good system level approach for future power systems?
• Which role will Communication Infrastructures play?
• How should we change operational logic to adapt to the new characteristics of the
grid?
29/11/2018 RESERVE Overview
EU CALL AND RESERVE VISION
H2020 LCE-07: In a future European energy scenario with very high shares of
renewables (up to 100%) in the energy mix, system support functions that are
provided today by synchronous generation will need to be provided by renewable
generation or procured from third parties
RESERVE Strategic Objective: To enable up to 100% penetration of renewable by
developing innovative approaches to system level automation based on an
innovative ancillary service provision to a close to market level of maturity,
supporting them with validation of the concepts and policies using a pan-European
real time simulation Infrastructure and anchoring the approach with the main
sectors in Europe and beyond.
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PROJECT OVERVIEW DIAGRAM
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RESERVE: A NEW POWER SYSTEM THEORY
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FREQUENCY STABILITY
Power angle characteristic that
interprets system swing dynamics
RESClassical GenerationSynchronous Generator (SG)
Converter -based generationRenewable Energy System
Today Future
δ
Pelect
Nonlinear (sinusoidal) relationship
between Pelect and δ
Linear relationship
between Pelect and δ
Today
Future
• Reconsider the concept of
frequency and its measurement
process
• Define the correct architecture of
coordination of all the energy
sources (centralized vs distributed)
• Redefine the behavior of the power
converter to avoid unstable
behavior and frequency oscillation
(Linear Swing Dynamics)
29/11/2018 RESERVE Overview
VOLTAGE STABILITY
• Review impedance concept to span over a large frequency region
• Control shapes the impedances and not only passive components
• On-line estimation of the frequency response as a key tool to ensure stability of
operation
1Z01
Zg1
AC
DC
AC
DC
ZS1
VSS1
ZLL1
2Z12
Zg2
AC
DC
AC
DC
VSS2
ZLL2
nZn-1,n
Zgn
AC
DC
AC
DC
VSSn
ZLLn
Z0
0
MV/LV
ZSS1 ZSS2 ZSSn
Virtual Output Impedance Commands
Parametric Impedances
SecondarySubstation
ZS2 ZSn
PRBS ON
5G
Communication
link
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RESERVE: ENABLING LARGE TESTING
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RESERVE Overview29/11/2018
• New concepts can not be tested in the real grid
• Real-Time simulation as intermediate
verification before real deployment
• Development of a new open source real-time
simulator to support the creation of a
continental-wide set-up able to check
interactions among infrastructures
• Applying dynamic phasors as a tool to support
the new real time solver able to run in standard
computer
• Providing tools to link laboratories in real time
creating a unique computing infrastructure
A NEW CONCEPT OF TESTING
VILLAS FRAMEWORK
• VILLAS stays for Virtually Integrated Laboratory for Large System Simulation
• VILLAS offers a set of tools to integrate real-time simulation across the network
• VILLAS enables creation of very large simulation scenario integrating the
resources available in different laboratories
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THE SUPER-LAB SCENARIO
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RESERVE: IN FIELD VERIFICATION
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RESERVE TRIALS
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UNIQUE HIL EXPERIMENTS
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• Together with Field Test advanced testing
will be performed in the RWTH lab
• Joined Power and Communication test
thanks to real-time simulation and a real
base-station
• Unique testing of 5G networks before the
deployment
RTDS
eNodeB
4G/5G vEPC
Ericsson Distributed
CloudRESERVE Overview
RESERVE: CREATING IMPACT
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EconomicSocial
Enviromental Stakeholder Voluntariness
CSR-
Guidelines
Company‘s and
holistic levelCSR
Brundtland Commission (1987): Sustainable Development is a development that
meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations
to meet their own needs.
Source: Dahlsund (2006)
NEW BUSINESS MODELS BASED ON CSR
RESERVE Overview
RESERVE RESULTS
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Ancillary services definitions
Harmonised network codes
Pan-European real-time simulation
platform
5G ICT support for RES based
energy systems
Energy providersENTSO-E
Other LC-07 projects
ACER, ENTSO-ERegulators
Other LC-07 projects
Research communitiesManufacturers
Service providers
Communications standards
community (5G-PPP, 3G-PPP)
Energy standards community(IEC, IEEE)
RESERVE Overview
RESERVE: KEY ACHIEVEMENT
29/11/2018
Field test running (only one use case pending)
New theories proposed: journals published, book
proposed and innovative teaching planned
First version of the software developed. Large
international resonance
Key grid codes identified
RESERVE Overview
• RESERVE considers very forward looking scenario
• Main idea is to look at the future to be better prepared in the present
• Focus on future Ancillary Services: review fundamentals of frequency
and voltage control
• Concept proven an innovative laboratory infrastructure and in field tests
• Attention on the social aspect with a CSR approach
SUMMARY
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