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The Neighborhood UnitConcept(1)
by Clarence A.Perry
Clarence A. Perry (1929) was oneof the first to give someconsideration to the physical formof the neighborhood unit.
Suggests that the maximum radius
for walking distance from the hometo the community center should beonly 1/4 mile (400m).
Shopping areas are situated at
intersecting traffic streets on theoutside corners rather than at thecenter of the unit.
LANDUSE PLANNING:Residential Areas
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The Neighborhood Unit Concept(2) by
Clarence Stein
The elementary school is the center of the unit and within a one-half mile
radius of all residents in theneighborhood.
A small shopping center for dailyneeds is located near the school.
Most residential streets aresuggested as cul-de-sac or "dead-end" roads to eliminate throughtraffic, and park space flows throughthe neighborhood in a manner
reminiscent of the Radburn plan.
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Diagram shows
the grouping of 3
neighborhood
units served by a
high school andone or two major
commercial
centers, the
radius for walking
distance to these
facilities being
one mile.
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The Neighborhood Unit Concept(3)
Radburn City,New Jersey
“The town of the motor age."
The cul-de-sac (dead-end) residential streetsare service roads ratherthan traffic ways,
The house being reversedso that the living roomsface on the rear gardenswith pedestrian paths
leading to the continuouspark space.
‘A separated dual systemof circulation’.
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5RADBURN, New Jersey, bird eye view
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The Neighborhood Unit Concept(4)
Hierarchy of Neighborhood-Village-Town
Model is used in thedesign of the new townof Columbia, Maryland
(1967).-a. Housing cluster -b. Neighborhood-c. Village-d. Town
form a nested system of spatial communities.
The sizes aredetermined by the
nature and size of commercial areas andcommunity facilities(particularly schools) in
the case of Columbia.
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Neighborhood center
consists of a: kindergarten throughelementary school supplemented
by a day-care center, small store,multipurpose meeting room,
park and playgrounds, and servesparticularly the most place-bound
residents: mothers and youngchildren.
Village center
ntains a high school, a cluster of localshopping establishments, communityservice facilities and institutions, andrecreation facilities to provide the
basic goods and services to supporthouseholds in a trade area populationof 10-15.000.
destrian and bicycle, automobile, and
bus circulation networks link the partsof the community.
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The Neighborhood Unit Concept(5)
Transit-Oriented Development (TOD)
• “Pedestrian pocket“ or ‘transit-oriented development’ (1990) is
a cluster of housing, retail spaceand offices within a 400m of atransit station.
• Contains a mix of 2 to 3-story
apartments, a mixed-use "mainstreet“, day-care facilities, openspace, regional shopping mall,office-homes employment areas
and a transit station.• The idea is to change the
isolated land use components ofa suburban environment.
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• A TOD ranges from 20-40 ha in size, smaller than a newtown but more heterogeneous and larger than many planned
unit developments (PUDs).• It contains about 2000 dwellings and about 9 ha of
commercial and employment activities.
• It is meant to be home to a mix of income groups and
household types: young singles, married couples, familieswith children, and the elderly.
• Include a light rail station; office space; neighborhoodshopping; 1000 parking places; 400 units of townhouses/duplexes; 50 single-family detached dwellings;150 units of elderly living facilities; house, town hall typemeeting space, post office, library, churches; and parks andrecreation facilities.
• the upper figure suggests how a hierarchy of TODs might be
organized around a public transportation system.(Sacramento, California 1990)
The Neighborhood Unit
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The Neighborhood Unit
Concept(6) Suburban
Neighborhood ModelModel consists of low-densityhomogeneous neighborhoodscomprised of single-family dwellings,
lawns, garages and carports, curvingstreets, and culs-de-sac.
Schools, office parks, shoppingcenters, and recreation areas are
located within convenient distance forcommuting by automobile.
This model promotes mobility throughthe use of automobiles; thus itincorporates garages and driveways
into residential layouts and generousoff-street parking at shopping,employment, and other destinations.
In Turkey, Kemerburgaz, Zekeriyaköy
and Beykoz residential areas areexamples of Suburban NeighborhoodModel
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BAHÇELİEVLER. ANKARA
(1936)
Hermann Jansen
Residential
Settlements inTurkey
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19Zekeriyaköy . In Turkey Kemerburgaz, Zekeriyaköy and Beykoz residential
areas are examples of Suburban Neighborhood Model
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20CASABA
CASABA.
Dudullu
• Criticized forcreating auto-dependency,and isolating
children, theelderly, andothers whocannot drive
or cannotafford a car and exampleof
consumerism.
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21SABA
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23SAKLI KORU EVLER İ. Bahçeköy