Resistance Resistance to to

ModernityModernityBacklash to Backlash to

ChangeChange1920’s1920’s

Revisiting WWIRevisiting WWI Long-term cause of WWI was the Long-term cause of WWI was the

system of alliancessystem of alliances Allies rejected Wilson’s 14 points for Allies rejected Wilson’s 14 points for

not punishing Germany enoughnot punishing Germany enough US Senators opposed joining the US Senators opposed joining the

League of Nations to avoid US being League of Nations to avoid US being dragged into European conflictdragged into European conflict

Gains made by American women Gains made by American women increased support for their right to increased support for their right to votevote

Revisiting Post-War AmericaRevisiting Post-War America

Fear of communism leads to the public’s Fear of communism leads to the public’s negative reaction to organized labor. negative reaction to organized labor.

Teapot Dome centers around oil-rich landsTeapot Dome centers around oil-rich lands Nativists did not like immigrants and Nativists did not like immigrants and

thought the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 thought the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 did not restrict immigration enough. did not restrict immigration enough.

Urban sprawl occurs through the Urban sprawl occurs through the increased use of the automobile increased use of the automobile

How did How did new urban values of new urban values of the 1920’s clash with the 1920’s clash with traditional rural societytraditional rural society??

What were some of the What were some of the causes and effects of causes and effects of ProhibitionProhibition??

What main issue did the What main issue did the Scopes TrialScopes Trial address? address?

Why did the Why did the KKKKKK gain gain members in the early 1920’s?members in the early 1920’s?

Urban Vs RuralUrban Vs Rural The 1920 census revealed more The 1920 census revealed more

Americans lived in citiesAmericans lived in cities Rural America had not changed Rural America had not changed

from the 19from the 19thth century century City dwellersCity dwellers argued about argued about

scientific and social ideas; scientific and social ideas; Drinking, Gambling and Casual Drinking, Gambling and Casual Dating were acceptedDating were accepted

Small town life was safe, sober, Small town life was safe, sober, hard working, Christian with hard working, Christian with strict morals and codes of strict morals and codes of behaviorbehavior

ProhibitionProhibition Reformers had long since Reformers had long since

considered alcohol a prime cause considered alcohol a prime cause of corruptionof corruption

Prohibition was difficult to Prohibition was difficult to enforce for the following reasons enforce for the following reasons :: Many people were determined to break Many people were determined to break

the lawsthe laws Many law enforcement officials took Many law enforcement officials took

bribes from smugglers and bootleggersbribes from smugglers and bootleggers Insufficient funds were provided to pay Insufficient funds were provided to pay

for enforcement for enforcement

Prohibition Part IIProhibition Part II In Jan. 1920 The In Jan. 1920 The 1818thth Amendment Amendment

was passed making it illegal to was passed making it illegal to manufacture, sell, or transport manufacture, sell, or transport alcoholic beveragesalcoholic beverages

1,500 agents had to patrol 1,500 agents had to patrol 18,700 miles of coastline and 18,700 miles of coastline and combat stillscombat stills

SpeakeasiesSpeakeasies Americans were tired of the Americans were tired of the

sacrifices after WWIsacrifices after WWI SpeakeasiesSpeakeasies were underground were underground

hidden saloons and nightclubshidden saloons and nightclubs One presented a card or a pass-One presented a card or a pass-

word to get inword to get in SpeakeasiesSpeakeasies were in penthouses, were in penthouses,

office buildings, rooming houses, office buildings, rooming houses, hardware stores, and tearoomshardware stores, and tearooms

Middle-class and upper class Middle-class and upper class men and women attendedmen and women attended

FundamentalismFundamentalism Protestant Christians focused on reform Protestant Christians focused on reform

activities and the activities and the literal interpretation of literal interpretation of the bible.the bible.

They were skeptical of science and believed They were skeptical of science and believed the biblical stories to be truethe biblical stories to be true

The The rejected Charles Darwin’s Theory of rejected Charles Darwin’s Theory of EvolutionEvolution which stated human beings which stated human beings evolved from apesevolved from apes

They believed in They believed in CreationismCreationism which is the which is the earth and humans were created in six daysearth and humans were created in six days

The Scopes TrialThe Scopes Trial In March 1925 In March 1925 TNTN , a , a bible bible

beltbelt state passed a law state passed a law making it a crime to teach making it a crime to teach evolutionevolution

The The ACLUACLU stated it would stated it would defend any teacher willing to defend any teacher willing to test the lawtest the law

John T. ScopesJohn T. Scopes a young a young biology teacher accepted, biology teacher accepted, taught evolution and was taught evolution and was promptly arrestedpromptly arrested

EugenicsEugenics Scientific RacismScientific Racism Madison Grant’s Madison Grant’s The Passing of the Great The Passing of the Great

RaceRace Inferior Alpine, Mediterranean, and Jewish Inferior Alpine, Mediterranean, and Jewish

races would extinguish the Nordic Race.races would extinguish the Nordic Race. People were genetically predisposition to People were genetically predisposition to

crime & poverty crime & poverty ( Population control?)( Population control?) Pseudoscientific thinking sought to Pseudoscientific thinking sought to

explain historical and social development explain historical and social development solely based on race.solely based on race.

Eugenics fueled Nativistic feelings and Eugenics fueled Nativistic feelings and calls for “100% Americanism.”calls for “100% Americanism.”

The Revival of the KKKThe Revival of the KKK The The KlanKlan was reorganized in was reorganized in

Stone Mountain, GA in 1915Stone Mountain, GA in 1915 They wanted “Native White They wanted “Native White

Protestant Supremacy”Protestant Supremacy” It was inspired by D. W. Griffin’s It was inspired by D. W. Griffin’s

racist spectacle racist spectacle The Birth of a The Birth of a NationNation

Hiram Johnson took over in 1922 Hiram Johnson took over in 1922 and mass advertised the Klan as and mass advertised the Klan as heroesheroes, membership in the Mid-, membership in the Mid-west and the South increasedwest and the South increased

KKK’s ViolenceKKK’s Violence The Klan targeted The Klan targeted some some

protestants, Catholics, African-protestants, Catholics, African-Americans, Jews, and immigrantsAmericans, Jews, and immigrants

The Klan played on feelings of The Klan played on feelings of NativismNativism and used public and used public whippings, arson and lynching to whippings, arson and lynching to intimidateintimidate

The Klan controlled the Democratic The Klan controlled the Democratic party in TX,OK,IN,CO,OR.party in TX,OK,IN,CO,OR.

The Grand Dragon The Grand Dragon David C. David C. Stephenson Manslaughter caseStephenson Manslaughter case discredited the KKK by 1926discredited the KKK by 1926

Women in the 1920sWomen in the 1920s Women wore flappers, consisting of Women wore flappers, consisting of

stockings and pumps, a loose and short-stockings and pumps, a loose and short-fitting dress, and short dark hair fitting dress, and short dark hair

Women faced a double standard through Women faced a double standard through stricter moral standards than men stricter moral standards than men experiencedexperienced

Women’s lives improved in the home due Women’s lives improved in the home due to:to: Household labor simplified due to technologyHousehold labor simplified due to technology Canned foods meant less time preparing foodCanned foods meant less time preparing food Women had less children due to birth controlWomen had less children due to birth control

American EntertainmentAmerican Entertainment

Charles Lindbergh is our most Charles Lindbergh is our most famous pilotfamous pilot

Harlem Renaissance is a celebration Harlem Renaissance is a celebration of African-American culture in of African-American culture in literature, music, and art. literature, music, and art.