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The respiratory system

• The parts of the respiratory system• The air passages and tubes• The air pump• Breathing movements• Gaseous exchange• Respiration• Smoking and health

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Starter:

Is breathing the same as respiration?

Breathing Respiration

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The air passages and tubes

The nose

The windpipe (trachea)

The bronhi and bronchioles

• Contains hairs to trap dust• Produces mucous to trap bacteria • Has many blood capillaries to warm the air

• Made from C-shaped rings of cartilage which is strong but stiff

• Lining contains two types of cells. One type produces mucous. The other type has cilia on the surface

• The trachea gets smaller and divides• The tubes can become swollen if there is an allergic

response such as asthma

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The air pump

What happens when you breathe in and out?

Starter:

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http://www.biotopics.co.uk/humans/inhexh.html

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http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/pe/appliedanatomy/1_anatomy_respiratorysys_rev1.shtml

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moves in

decreases

moves out

increases

contract

contract

move down

relax

moves down andbecomes flatter

move uprelax

moves up andbecomes dome shaped

Complete the table

Breathing movement Inspiration(inhaling)

Expiration(exhaling)

External intercostal muscles

Rib action

Diaphragm muscles

Diaphragm action

Change in chest volume

Air

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Complete the table

Breathing movement Inspiration(inhaling)

Expiration(exhaling)

External intercostal muscles

Rib action

Diaphragm muscles

Diaphragm action

Change in chest volume

Air

moves down andbecomes flatter

contract relax

moves up andbecomes dome shaped

contract relax

move downmove up

increases decreases

moves in moves out

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Depth of breathing

Tidal = 500 cm3

Vital = 4000 cm3

Dead volume used for panting in dogs

Measure lung capacity

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Gaseous exchange

Describe how you think alveoli can be adapted to do the following:

• Allow the quick transfer of large amounts of gas

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What happens in an alveolus?

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Gaseous exchange - respiration

Why do people confuse breathing with respiration? What do they have in common?

What is respiration?

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Energy is released

Aerobic respiration

The release of energy from sugar

glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water

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glucose

water carbondioxide

oxygen

++

Build the word equation for aerobic respiration

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Smoking and health

Cigarettes contain many bad chemicals

One such chemical is tar

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Effects of smoking on health:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/physical_health/conditions/smoking_health_effects.shtml