Respiratory System
Emphysema
Respiratory SystemFunctions
(Jobs)
• Get oxygen from environment
• Remove waste (carbon dioxide, water)
• Produce sound
Respiratory System• A person at rest takes an average of 12-
15 breaths per minute
• Your right lung is slightly larger than your left lung
• The surface area of your lungs is about the size of a tennis court
• A sneeze travels faster than a cough (100 mph vs. 60 mph)
Facts
Respiratory System• Oxygen (O2) is needed by the cells
in the body to stay alive and perform their specific jobs
• Glucose (sugar) is also used to release energy
• Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) are created during this process and are waste products that must be removed
Cellular Respiration
Check Yourself• In two sentences, summarize
cellular respiration.
• Try to write a formula for cellular respiration.
Cellular Respiration
Respiratory System• Oxygen breathed into lungs (inhaled)
• Alveoli (air sacs) allow oxygen to move into blood stream
• Red blood cells carry oxygen to cells of body
• Oxygen moves into cells
Gas Exchange
(Inhale)
Respiratory System• Carbon dioxide is removed from cells
• Red blood cells carry CO2 to lungs
• Alveoli allow carbon dioxide to leave blood stream
• Carbon dioxide is breathed out of lungs (exhaled)
Gas Exchange
(Exhale)
Respiratory System• The diaphragm is muscle that
controls the movement of air in and out of lungs
• When diaphragm contracts, lungs expand and take in air
• When diaphragm relaxes, lungs contract and push out air
Breathing
BreathingSimulation
Respiratory System• The nose warms air filters out
particles and adds moisture
• The epiglottis blocks out food and liquids when you swallow
• The trachea directs air down to the lungs
Otherstructures
Check Yourself• In a few sentences, summarize the
path that air takes and what happens to it on the way to the lungs.
• What do you think would happen if your epiglottis didn’t close the stomach off all the way when you breathed in?
Respiratory System– Bronchitis
• Bronchial passages within the lungs narrow & then become clogged with mucus.
– Emphysema• Alveoli within the lungs become damaged or
destroyed preventing the effective exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide.
– Lung cancer• Uncontrolled growth of lung cells that
produce tumors that prevent the lung from operating effectively.
– Asthma• Disorder where the passageways in the lungs
swell and become narrow making it difficult for the lungs to take in air
Diseases
Respiratory System• Speaking/singing/whispering – air
moves over vibrating vocal cords• Exhale – removes extra moisture• Coughing/sneezing – remove items
from windpipe or lungs• Sighing• Yawning• Hiccupping• Laughing• Crying
Other Jobs