Respiratory System Organization: Upper respiratory tract lower respiratory tract Function: Conducting: transports air Respiratory: exchanges gas Respiratory System Functions Gas exchange Gas conditioning (warming, humidifying and cleaning) Sound production Olfaction Defense Upper Respiratory Tract Composed of: nose nasal cavity paranasal sinuses pharynx (throat) 12 14 Nasogastric and Endotracheal Intubation The spongy nature of the lung : millions ( ) of alveoli together Gross Anatomy of the Lungs 27 Pleura and negative pressure Pneumothorax Hemo-thorax