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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM RESPIRATORY SYSTEM BY BY SARAH PAUL SARAH PAUL ARPITHA BABU THYKATIL ARPITHA BABU THYKATIL JANVI AMARDEEP JOSEPH JANVI AMARDEEP JOSEPH
| Date post: | 19-Jun-2015 |
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Health & Medicine |
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEMRESPIRATORY SYSTEM
BYBYSARAH PAULSARAH PAUL
ARPITHA BABU THYKATILARPITHA BABU THYKATILJANVI AMARDEEP JOSEPHJANVI AMARDEEP JOSEPH
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Respiratory SystemThe Respiratory System
Basic functions of the respiratory systemBasic functions of the respiratory system Supplies body with oxygenSupplies body with oxygen Disposes of carbon dioxideDisposes of carbon dioxide
Four processes involved respirationFour processes involved respiration Pulmonary ventilationPulmonary ventilation External respirationExternal respiration Transport of respiratory gasesTransport of respiratory gases Internal respirationInternal respiration
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Functional Anatomy of the Functional Anatomy of the Respiratory SystemRespiratory System
Respiratory organsRespiratory organs Nose, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinusesNose, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses Pharynx, larynx, and tracheaPharynx, larynx, and trachea Bronchi and smaller branchesBronchi and smaller branches Lungs and alveoli Lungs and alveoli
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Organs of the Respiratory Organs of the Respiratory SystemSystem
Figure 21.1
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The NoseThe Nose
Provides an airway for respirationProvides an airway for respiration Moistens and warms airMoistens and warms air Filters inhaled airFilters inhaled air Resonating chamber for speechResonating chamber for speech Houses olfactory receptorsHouses olfactory receptors
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The LarynxThe Larynx
Three functionsThree functions Voice productionVoice production Provides an open airwayProvides an open airway Routes air and food into the proper channelsRoutes air and food into the proper channels
Superior opening isSuperior opening is Closed during swallowingClosed during swallowing Open during breathingOpen during breathing
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The TracheaThe Trachea
Descends into the mediastinumDescends into the mediastinum C-shaped cartilage rings keep airway openC-shaped cartilage rings keep airway open CarinaCarina
Marks where trachea divides into two primary Marks where trachea divides into two primary bronchibronchi
EpitheliumEpithelium Pseudostratified ciliated columnarPseudostratified ciliated columnar
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The TracheaThe Trachea
Figure 21.7a, b
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
BronchiBronchi
Bronchial treeBronchial tree Extensively branching respiratory passagewaysExtensively branching respiratory passageways
Primary bronchi (main bronchi)Primary bronchi (main bronchi) Largest bronchi Largest bronchi
Right main bronchiRight main bronchi Wider and shorter than the leftWider and shorter than the left
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
BronchiBronchi
Figure 21.8a
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Structures of the Respiratory Structures of the Respiratory ZoneZone
Figure 21.9a
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Structures of the Respiratory Structures of the Respiratory ZoneZone
Figure 21.9b
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Anatomy of Alveoli and the Anatomy of Alveoli and the Respiratory MembraneRespiratory Membrane
Figure 21.10b
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Location of Lungs in Thoracic Location of Lungs in Thoracic CavityCavity
Figure 21.12a, b
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bronchopulmonary SegmentsBronchopulmonary Segments
Figure 21.15 (2 of 2)
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Blood Supply and Innervation of Blood Supply and Innervation of the Lungsthe Lungs
Pulmonary arteriesPulmonary arteries Deliver oxygen-poor blood to the lungsDeliver oxygen-poor blood to the lungs
Pulmonary veinsPulmonary veins Carry oxygenated blood to the heartCarry oxygenated blood to the heart
InnervationInnervation Sympathetic, parasympathetic, and visceral Sympathetic, parasympathetic, and visceral
sensory fiberssensory fibers Parasympathetic – constrict airwaysParasympathetic – constrict airways Sympathetic – dilate airwaysSympathetic – dilate airways
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Disorders of Respiratory Disorders of Respiratory StructuresStructures
Cystic fibrosisCystic fibrosis (CF) – inherited disease (CF) – inherited disease Exocrine gland function is disruptedExocrine gland function is disrupted Respiratory system affected byRespiratory system affected by
Oversecretion of viscous mucus Oversecretion of viscous mucus
EpistaxisEpistaxis – nosebleed – nosebleed EpiglottitisEpiglottitis – inflammation and swelling of – inflammation and swelling of
the epiglottisthe epiglottis
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Aging of the Respiratory SystemAging of the Respiratory System
Number of glands in the nasal mucosa declinesNumber of glands in the nasal mucosa declines Nose driesNose dries
Produces thickened mucusProduces thickened mucus Thoracic wall becomes more rigidThoracic wall becomes more rigid Lungs lose elasticityLungs lose elasticity Oxygen levels in the blood may fallOxygen levels in the blood may fall
![Anatomy and Physiology Respiratory System [Tab 2] Respiratory System.](https://static.documents.pub/doc/80x56/56649ebd5503460f94bc631f/anatomy-and-physiology-respiratory-system-tab-2-respiratory-system.jpg)
