RESPONSE OF BENTHIC COMMUNITIES AND SEDIMENT TO DIFFERENT REGIMENS OF FISHING DISTURBANCE

M.Demestre

RESPONSE OF BENTHIC COMMUNITIES AND SEDIMENTTO DIFFERENT REGIMENS OF FISHING DISTURBANCE

IN EUROPEAN COASTAL WATERS

Proposal No: QLRT-2001-00787

RESPONSERESPONSE

M.Demestre

RESPONSERESPONSE QLRT-2001-787RESPONSERESPONSE QLRT-2001-787

Organisations

CSIC-RRD-ICM Barcelona, Spain Co-ordinator CSIC-MGG-ICM Barcelona, Spain http://www.cmima.csic.es/ http://www.cmima.csic.es/

Institut de Ciències del Mar –CMIMA Institut de Ciències del Mar –CMIMAPasseig Maritim de la Barceloneta 37-49 Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta 37-4908003 Barcelona- Spain 08003 Barcelona- SpainPhone: 00 34 932309500 Fax: 0034 93230 95 55 Phone: 00 34 932309500 Fax: 0034 93230 95 55Co-ordinating scientist: Dr. Montserrat Demestre [email protected] Co-ordinating scientist: Dr. Albert Palanques [email protected]

IEO Murcia, Spain MSM, Alacant, Spain http://www.ieo.es/centros.html http://www.mediterraneoserviciosmarinos.com/

Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia Mediterráneo Servicios Marinos, S.L.Antigua Estación Marítima. Muelle de Levante s/n.Instituto Español de Oceanografía 03001 Alicante. Spain30740 Lo Pagán-San Pedro del Pinatar (Murcia) Phone: 00 34 965 202 201 Fax: 00 34 965 206 927c/ Varadero, 1 Co-ordinating scientist: Manuel MarhuendaPhone: 0034 968 18 05 00 Fax: 968 18 44 41 [email protected] Co-ordinating scientist: Dr. Julio Mas [email protected]

AWI, Bremerhaven, Germany UWB, Bangor, UK http://www.awi-bremerhaven.de/ http://www.sos.bangor.ac.uk/

Alfred-Wegener-Institut fuer Polar- und Meeresforschung School of Ocean Sciences,Sektion Vergleichende Ökosystemforschung University of Wales, BANGORColumbusstraße Postfach 120161 Menai BridgeD-27515 Bremerhaven Anglesey,Phone : 0049-471-4831-1734 Fax : +49-471-4831-1724 LL59 5EY, UKCo-ordinating scientist: Dr. Rainer Knust [email protected] Phone: 00 44 (0) 1248 382846 Fax: 00 44 (0) 1248 716367

Co-ordinating scientist: Dr. Michel J. Kaiser [email protected]

CIBM, Livorno, Italy http://www.cibm.it/

Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia MarinaPiazzale Mascagni, 157127 Livorno - ItalyPhone: 00 39 (0)586 807287 Fax: 00 39 (0)586 809 149Co-ordinating scientist: Anna Maria de Biasi [email protected]

M.Demestre

About the RESPONSE Project

RESPONSERESPONSE QLRT-2001-787

It is the aim of RESPONSE to improve our knowledge

of the direct and indirect consequences of trawling activities

and to understand the processes driving the loss of

biodiversity and ecosystem functioning

at the level of the European coastal waters.

M.Demestre

Objectives and expected achievements


The main scientific objective of RESPONSE is to understand the effects of fishing perturbation on the seabed by considering different approaches:

Closed seasons and Closed areas. Cessation of fishing activity: exploited areas closed to fishing practices Areas that experience different regimens of fishing

disturbance. Different levels of fishing activity: high fishing activity and low fishing activity

M.Demestre

Objectives and expected achievements


RESPONSE will offer an opportunity to provide new perspectives and management options to the CFP in order to achieve the sustainability of marine resources and protection of biodiversity on marine communities.

The results can be used in the development of a Common Fishery and Environment Policy in the implementation of fishing regulation. They can help clarify the potential effectiveness of: 1) using different time limited closure periods 2) the most appropriate level of fishing effort

M.Demestre


Objectives

The specific research objectives of RESPPONSE:

1. To identify Appropriate Study Areas (ASA’s)

2. To estimate the fishing activity and fishing effort in the ASA’s during a whole year

( WP1)

M.Demestre


Objectives The specific research objectives...

3. To analyse the physical and biological response of the benthic ecosystem to different regimens of fishing activity in the ASA’s

Multidisciplinary study considering physical and biological ( WP 2 and WP3)

4. To estimate the secondary production of suprabenthos and infauna in the ASA’s ( WP 4)

5. Synthesis and recommendations ( WP 5)

M.Demestre


Workplan and methodology

The workplan is broken down into 6 workpackages. WP1-WP5 are multidisciplinary, interrelated, complementary and progressive WP6 is entirely devoted to the co-ordination and management of RESPONSE

The overall methodology used will consist mainly of: 1) preparation, organisation and review work2) exhaustive field work with a series of research cruises3) laboratory work based on the processing of the samples 4) analysis of the data

M.Demestre


WPNo

Workpackage Responsible StartMonth

EndMonth

DeliverableNº.

1 Estimation of fishing activity and fishingeffort. Identification of the AppropriateStudy Areas (ASA’s)

MSM 2 28 2, 3, 4, 5,10, 21, 22

2 Response of the benthic communitiesand sediments to cessation of fisheryactivity

CIBM 4 33 7, 12, 17,22, 24

3 Response of the benthic communitiesand sediments to different levels offishing activity

CSIC- MGG 6 33 8, 13, 18, 22, 25

4 Secondary production AWI 4 33 9, 14, 19, 26

5 Synthesis and Recommendations UWB 11 35 15, 20, 27

6 Co-ordination and Management CSIC- RRD 0-1 36 1, 6,11,16,23 28, 29

M.Demestre


Workpackages

WP1. Estimation of fishing activity and fishing effort. Identification of the Appropriate Study Areas (ASA’s).

•Experimental cruises will be performed to identify the ASA’s within which commercial trawl fleets regularly exploit target species.

•Four selected areas undergo heavy exploitation and different temporal fishing strategies. Control areas

M.Demestre


Barcelona

Tarragona

L’Ametllade Mar

Sant Carlesde laRàpita

0º 30’ 1º 00’ 2º 00’1º 30’ E

41º 20’

41º 00’

40º 40’

40º 20’

N

Irish Sea

Mediterranean - Catalan Sea

Ancona

Senigallia

Fano

e tr l i tic S a

P saro

0

:600 00

N

EW

S

43°45' 43°45'

44°00' 44°00'

4 15

'

44°15'

13°00'

13 00'

13°15'

13°15'

13°30'

13°30'

13°45'

13°45'Mediterranean - Adriatic Sea

Ancona

Senigallia

Fano

Central Adriatic Sea

Pesaro

30

20

50

1:600000

N

EW

S

43°45 ' 43°45 '

44°00 ' 44°00 '

44°15 ' 44°15 '

13°00 '

13°00 '

13°15 '

13°15 '

13°30 '

13°30 '

13°45 '

13°45 '

M.Demestre


Workpackages

WP1. Estimation of fishing activity and fishing effort. Identification of the Appropriate Study Areas (ASA’s).

• The spatial and temporal variability of different regimes and trawl activity in these ASA’s will be estimated

(i) Monitoring spatial distribution and temporal variability of the trawl fleet, (ii) Mapping trawl tracks and estimating fishing intensity(iii) Temporal variability of discards (iv) Linking fishing effort variability with physical changes on the seabed

• Historical data set of the spatial and temporal distribution of fish effort will be analysed to determine an average yearly pattern

M.Demestre


Workpackages

Table I. Methodology of WP1Response AREA

ASA selected&

Monitoring techniques

Spatio-temporalfishing effort

1 year sampling

Variabilitydiscards

1year sampling

Partnerresponsible

North Sea Closure area: Pilot Wind FarmStart in March 200354ºN 7ºE

SSS, Video & photo

-Monitoring trawl fleetfrom ResearchPlatform in Pilot WindFarm (fortnightly)

- Side scan sonar *

4 – AWI

Irish Sea Fishing ground: different levelsof fishing activity54ºN 4ªE

SSS, Video & photo

-Fisheries statistics

-DEFRA Overflight (fortnightly)

- Side scan sonar *

5 – UWB

AdriaticSea

Fishing ground: closed season& different levels of fishingactivity44º50’N 13º15’E

SSS, Video & photo

-Monitoring trawl fleet(fortnightly)

-On board (7 samples during 1 year)-Fisheries statistics

- Side scan sonar *

-Monitoring trawl fleet-On board (7 samples during 1 year)

6 – CIBM

CatalanSea

Fishing ground: closed season& different levels of fishingactivity40º22’N 0º42’E

SSS, Video & photo

-Monitoring trawl fleet(fortnightly)

-On board (7 samples during 1 year)

-Fisheries statistics

- Side scan sonar *

-Monitoring trawl fleet-On board (7 samples during 1 year)

3 – MSM

(*) To estimate the fishing effort by side scan sonar 1km squared as standard surface unit has been selected.

M.Demestre


Workpackages

WP2. Response of the benthic communities and sediment to cessation of fishery activity

The main objective is to study the response and recovery of both communities and sediments to different time periods of cessation fishing activity in real fishing grounds.

The North SeaThe Mediterranean Sea: Adriatic Sea and Catalan coast.

The physical issues: analysis of morphology, texture and composition of sediments, water turbidity

The biological issues: changes in the fish community, epifauna and infauna structure variability, and variations in the composition of discards.

M.Demestre


Workpackages

Biological aspects WP2ResponseAREA

Experimentalcruises WP2

Partnerresponsible

North SeaC1 March’ 03C2 June’ 03C3 Sep’ 03C4 March ’04C5 June’ 04C6 Sep‘ 04

4 – AWI

Adriatic Sea

C1 July’03C2 August’03C3 August’03C4 August’03C5 Sep’03C6 Nov’03

6 – CIBM

Catalan Sea

C1 June’03C2 July’03C3 July’3C4 August’03C5 Sep’03C6 Nov’03

Infauna

5 replicates(3 or moresamplesdependingon benthoscommunity)

0.1 m2

van Veengrab

Epifauna

3 replicates

benthicdredge1 cmmesh/size

1.1– ICM-DRR

M.Demestre


Workpackages

Physical aspects WP2AREA Experimental

cruisesResuspensioneffects

BottomSedimentGranulom& organiccontent

Partnersresponsible

NorthSea

AdriaticSea

CatalanSea

C1 March’03C2 June’03C3 Sep’03C4 March’04C5 June’ 04C6 Sep‘ 04

C1 July’03C2 August’03C3 August’03C4 Sept’03C5 Oct’03C6 Nov’03

C1 June’03C2 July’03C3 July’3C4 August’03C5 Sep’03C6 Nov’03

CTD+

waterturbidity

grids ofCTD

+transmissometer

+fluorometer

+water

samplingmoored current

meter+

turbidimeter

SSS(morphol

character)

+

5replicatesvan Veen

grab1-2 cmsurface

VerticaldistributionSediment

1-3 samplevertical core

(dependingspatial

variability)

slides eachcm the first

5 cmthen slideseach 5 cm

4 – AWI

6 – CIBM

1.2– ICM-MGG

M.Demestre


Workpackages

WP3. Response of the benthic communities and sediment to different levels of fishing activity.

The aim of this WP is to determine the physical and biological response of both organism and sediments to different levels of fishing disturbance in real fishing grounds.

The Irish SeaThe Mediterranean Sea: Adriatic Sea and Catalan coast.

The physical issues: analysis of morphology, texture and composition of sediments, water turbidity

The biological issues: changes in the fish community, epifauna and infauna structure variability, and variations in the composition of discards.

M.Demestre


Workpackages

Biological aspects WP3ResponseAREA

ExperimentalcruisesWP3

Demersal fishandinvertebrates

Partnersresponsible

Irish SeaHigh activityC1 Feb’ 03C3 Feb’ 04Low activityC2 August’ 03C4 August’ 04

5 – UWB

AdriaticSea

High activityC1 Jul’ 03C3 Sep’ 04Low activityC2 Mar’ 03C4 Mar’ 04

From commercialtrawls

6 – CIBM

CatalanSea

High activityC1 Dec ’02C3 Nov’ 03Low activityC2 June’ 03C4 June’ 04

Infauna

5 replicates

(3 or moresamplesdependingon benthoscommunity)

0.1 m2

van Veengrab

Epifauna

3 replicates

benthicdredge1 cmmesh/size

From commercialtrawls

1.1– ICM-DRR

M.Demestre


Workpackages

Physical aspects WP3

AREA ExperimentalcruisesWP3

Resuspensioneffects

BottomSedimentGranulom& organiccontent

Partnersresponsible

IrishSea

AdriaticSea

CatalanSea

High activityC1 Feb’ 03C3 Feb’ 04Low activityC2 August’ 03C4 August’ 04

High activityC1 Jul’ 03C3 Sep’ 04Low activityC2 Mar’ 03C4 Mar’ 04

High activityC1 Dec’ 02C3 Nov’ 03Low activityC2 June’ 03C4 June’ 04

CTD+

waterturbidity

grids ofCTD

+transmissometer

+fluorometer

+water

samplingmooredcurrentmeter

+turbidimeter

SSS(morphol

character)

+

5replicatesvan Veen

grab1-2 cmsurface

VerticaldistributionSediment

1-3 samplevertical core(depending on

spatialvariability)

slides eachcm the first

5 cmthen slides

each 5 cm

5 – UWG

6 – CIBM

1.2–ICM-MGG

M.Demestre


Timetable of cruisesOct 02 Jan 03 Jun 03 Jan 04 Jun 04 Sep 040-1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Part.

Mediterranean Sea – Catalan Sea WP2 Closed season

0-1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 C1 C2C3

C4 C5 13 C6 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1.1, 1.2,2, and 3

WP3 high low high low0-1 C2

2C1 4 5 6 7 8 C2 10 11 12 13 C3 15 16 17 18 19 20 C4 22 23 24 1.1, 1.2, 2

, and 3

Mediterranean Sea – Adriatic Sea WP2 Closed season

0-1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 C1 C2C4

C5 13 C6 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 6 , 3, 1.1and 1.2

WP3 low high high low0-1 2 33 4 5 C1 7 8 9 C2 11 C3 13 14 15 16 17 C4 19 20 21 22 23 24 6, 3, 1.1

and 1.2

North Sea WP2 Closure area

0-1 2 3 4 5 C1 7 8 C2 10 11 C3 13 14 15 16 17 C4 19 20 C5 22 23 C6 4, 3, 1.1and 1.2

Irish Sea WP3 high low high low

0-1 22 3 4 C1 6 7 8 9 10 C2 12 13 14 15 16 C3 18 19 20 21 22 C4 24 5 ,3, 1.1

M.Demestre


Workpackages

WP 4. Estimation of secondary production of the lowest trophic levels.

WP 4 will estimate the effects of different fishing strategies on Secondary Production for swimming suprabenthos and infauna

The analyses will be carried out:• at the level of population structure (size-frequency) for target species representative of the studied community• on the whole community of organisms: changes in biomass and abundance

M.Demestre


Workpackages

WP5. Synthesis and Recommendations

The main objective of this WP will be to bring together the working groups and to combine the results in the form of a synthesis.

It consists of an analysis of the synthesis and recommendations combined with the results from the North Sea, the Irish Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, and compare them with older data of fisheries, impact and benthos.

M.Demestre


Workpackages


•Two basic and independent database are necessary to organise and bank the :

a) Historical and existing data: fishing, benthos and impact

b) Data generated by RESPONSE. The project will generate a large body of inter-related data.

M.Demestre


Workpackages


The expected results will be very important to the EU. The combination of the results from the different geographical areas will generate information in support of recommendations of the CFP about the response of benthic communities and sediments to the same kind of disturbance produced by different regimens of trawl activity.

M.Demestre


Workpackages

WP6. Co-ordination and Management.

This WP is fully devoted to the aspects of organisation, co-ordination and management: To improve the efficiency of project development To assure communication between the partners Organise steering and Co-ordination meetings Organise Workshops and Meetings to interface with end-users groups and policy-makers Produce a Final Report including management recommendations Dissemination of the results

M.Demestre


Management structure.

WP1 (1.1, 1.2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) Identification of Appropriated Study Areas (ASA’s) Estimation of fishing activity and fishing effort.

WP2 (1.1,1.2,2,3, 4, 6)

Response tocessation offishing activity

WP3(1.1, 1.2, 2, 3, 5, 6)Response todifferent fishinglevels

WP4 (1.1, 2, 4, 6)

Secondaryproduction

WP5 (1.1, 1.2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) Synthesis and Recommendations

Exi

stin

g/hi

stor

ical

dat

a

WP 6 (1.1,1.2,2,3,4,5,6)

Co-ordination and Management

Fishingintensity

&

Impact

&

Benthos

M.Demestre


“Informal Cluster” INTERACT Interaction between environment and fisheries

The sustainable management of fisheries can only be achieved by understanding all the effects of such fisheries on the environment. The informal cluster will promote interactions between scientists rather than research activities.

In order to achieve these aims the work plan of the cluster is fully devoted to organise: 1) meetings between the projects involved 2) an open conference or workshop, to which external scientists will be invited.

M.Demestre


September 2003September 2003 Co-ordination Meeting RESPONSE 1st-3rd SeptemberFirst Internal Report

Organised by MSM, S.L. Alicante

Second Cluster Meeting 4Second Cluster Meeting 4thth & 5 & 5thth September September

March 2004March 2004

Internal Meeting RESPONSE 22nd & 23rd WS 1 RESPONSE 24th, 25th & 26th

Organised by CIBM PISA

First Cluster Workshop 25First Cluster Workshop 25thth/26/26thth March March

M.Demestre


August/September 2004August/September 2004 Co-ordination Meeting 30th-31st Aug. & 1st Sep.Second Internal ReportOrganised by AWI Bremerhaven

January 2005January 2005 Internal Meeting RESPONSE 24th & 25th Second WS RESPONSE 26th, 27th & 28th Organised by UWB Bangor

Second Cluster Workshop 27Second Cluster Workshop 27thth/28/28thth January January

August/September 2005August/September 2005 Co-ordination & Public Meeting RESPONSEFinal Report

Organised by CSIC-ICM Barcelona

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RESPONSE OF BENTHIC COMMUNITIES AND SEDIMENT TO DIFFERENT REGIMENS OF FISHING DISTURBANCE

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