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RACISM EMBEDDED
INORLANDO ROMERO
s REPRESENTATIONBy Paul Henrickson,
Ph.D. 2008This response to some
of the comments of
Orlando Romero may,when all is said and
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done, require a rather
special introduction.Orlando and I know
each other. It cannot besaid that we know each
other well, but it would
not be true to allowanyone to believe the
relationship was casual.
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My feeling about our
relationship is that ithad the opportunity to
be personallymeaningful to both of
us had our respective
cultures allowed for it.My culture which
cannot be said is purelyfrom any one locality,
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and certainly not from a
limited mind set,Orlandos personal
culture, on the otherhand, appears to be
solidly entrenched in
the Northern NewMexican Hispanic
orientation.
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http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.charleslummis.com/penitente.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.charleslummis.com/penitente.htm&h=622&w=1000&sz=148&hl=en&start=8&usg=__DOslsysahqYa7KO9GnpjDN6gl0o=&tbnid=cqzFUYKA0__ngM:&tbnh=93&tbnw=149&prev=/images?q=new+mexico+penitentes&gbv=2&hl=en&sa=G8/14/2019 Response to Orlando Romero 2
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Photo dating from 1888
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Penitente group
Penitente morada NewMexico
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Good Friday celebration at
Rancho de Taos, New Mexico, photo by Anne Lorraine
Erickson-Schille
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be some elaboration to
explain some of thecustoms still prevalent
among them such as thelighting of candles on
Friday evening, Old
Testament first namesand circumcision as
well as an intenseexclusivity which
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requires a daily battle
for its maintenance,facing, as it does, the
intense need fordissemblance in a
society politically and
economicallydominated by Anglos
The Hispanic has had tooccultly manipulate
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these circumstances,
most often to theeconomic disadvantage
of non-Hispanics, inorder to maintain a
semblance of those
customs brought withthem a half millennium
ago.
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While there may be
other justifiableexplanations for these
customs I have notheard any offered.
but nonetheless Spanish
in their Catholicism,language (still a 16th-
century Castilian dialectto some degree), and
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culture. They worked
their primitive farms inisolation, generally
undisturbed by the"Westward Ho" Anglos
who bypassed the
unpromising wastes ofNew Mexico. Though
to outsiders they areindistinguishable from
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Mexicans, these New
Mexicans think ofthemselves as Hispanos,
direct descendants ofSpain. [Comments byDavid Wallechinsky & Irving
Wallace are, in outline,conventionally correct, ]
Romantically one cansee a great deal of
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literary and filmic
potential in thatdescription, but the only
two films of myacquaintance which
touch upon that special
characteristic whichgives definition to this
groups character areThe Penitentes with
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Raul Julia and the film
made of RichardBradfords novel
Red Sky at
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Morning.
Both of these films
touch very sensitivelyon two of those
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distinctive
characteristics. One ofthese being the
love/hate relationshipthat exists and is rooted
in the response system
of the Hispanic towardanything not itself, and
the near psychoticsocio-religious
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patterning in the arena
of deicide., and addingto this, the undoubtedly
traumatic andschizophrenic effect of
having been forced by
the Spanish Inquisition,to deny ones God and
learn, somehow orother, to hate what you
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are. I am sympathetic
with their dilemma, butnot with their use of it
to punish all others forbeing who they are.
In this regard it should
be remembered that the
Jewish victims of theSpanish Inquisition
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were officially and
legally identified withintwo days of Columbuss
departure. It is, largely,for this reason that it is
supposed that the
majority of Columbusscrew were Jews
escaping the inquisition.
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The Jewish, and also
the Muslim, populationswere often forced to
convert to Christianity,hence the term
Converso as it is
generally applied toJewish convertsbut
also to Muslims. They werein fear of losing either,
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or both, their lives and
their fortunes. Thisinstitutionalized
Inquisition alsoaccounts, I understand,
for the retreat of about
15,000 Jews to MuslimTurkey encouraged by
the policies of the thenSultan.
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SultanBayezid II
sentKemal
ReisTOsave the ArabsandSephardic Jews
ofSpain
fromthe Spanish Inquisitionin
1492, and granted them
permission to settle inthe Ottoman Empire
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Whatever their reasons,
Isabella of Castile andFerdinand of Aragon at
some point, gave awayto some of these
survivors great tracts of
land, which was nottheir property but
belonged to the variousAmerican Indian tribes
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they had subdued,
however, the presentday Hispanic heir of
those land grants is veryattached to the idea of
that land and wants it
back. Perhaps thinkingthat, for them, it was
Canaan, or a form ofit. And, in point of fact,
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it is not unlike the area,
and also in point of factsome of the behaviors
attributed to theCanaanites are today
still identifiable in the
present day Hispanicinhabitants of Northern
New Mexico as is theirgeneral attitude toward
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their Indian neighbors
similar to that held bythe Jews of the exodus
in their treatment of theCanaanite army whom
they talked into being
circumcised (inexchange for wealth
and women) and thendays later when the
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operation is at its most
painful and the patientunable to move was
murdered. Although ashrewd move, it seems
hardly consistent with
other morecompassionate biblical
instructions, except forthe one provisional
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suggestion that
consideration is forones own, anyone else
is fair game.
However, in the past
century and a half,
those land grants were
sold, but that makes nodifference they still
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want them back, hence
the insistent policy toredefine the Treaty of
Guadalupe Hidalgo(1843) supported , to
my knowledge, by three
influential Jews, Rabbi.Hellman of Synagogue
Beth Shalom, StanEudis, and the one time,
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possibly still, Priest
associated with SanYsidro in Agua Fria a
barrio in south-westSanta Fe. In the
meantime the American
Indian whose landsthese were in the
beginning is politicallysilent on the topic. And
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the Anglo who, over
that period of time,have bought, sold and
bought again theselands is confused about
the logic of the issue.
Somehow, I have grown
accustomed to abatingmy emotion when it is
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in conflict with reason,
but others may not havebeen able, nor wished to
do so, and this, I think,may be part of the
problem.
In any event I think all
this background hassomething to do with
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Orlandos evident
surprise that I was stillliving in the valley
when, by chance, weencountered each other
in the Pojoaque post
office. Are you still inthe valley? he asked
me and I responded Isthere a reason I
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shouldnt be? Since
then hes never said aword to me. It is true I
left for Europe soonafter that and that
leaving certainly did
have something to dowith the nature of the
New Mexican Hispanicwho still believes in and
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practices a sort of
native magic. I wouldjudge, and did so, that
from his Post Officecomment he was,
somehow, surprised that
after 3 dog killings,acequia flooding of my
house, civil rudeness,Jemez Mountain
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Electric Cooperative
abuses and the courtcase heard by Judge
Petra Maes where-inmy lawyer, Michael
Righter, later disbarred,
had been suborned bythe lawyer for the
defendants, also namedMaes, which was
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supposed to indicate
that I was not welcomein the valley.and the
only thing they hadagainst me was that I
was not one of them.
I believe this
experience mayexplain that one of the
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provisions in the
Treaty of GuadalupeHildago of 1843 was
the provision thatmigrants from the
East would be
welcome into the thenterritory. When I first
read this provision Ithought it a strange
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one for a treaty, but I
now think Iunderstand it. It is so
much a part of theNorthern New
Mexico character not
to welcome strangers(cf. Patricia Madrids
advice to a Hispanicaudience in Las
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Vegas while she was
running for the officeof Lieutenant
Governorto inhibitthe migration of
Anglos into the
territory,
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(photo of Patricia Madrid), or
that of DeborahJaramillo, while
Mayor of Santa Fe,telling a California
reporter that it was
merely a matter timebefore Anglo houses
would be burned) thatthe writers of the
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treaty felt it a
requirement toinclude it. I also
understand very wellnow, after the fact,
what Jacques Cartier
had in mind when in1957 he told me that
if I thought I wantedto move into the
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valley I should
understand that thepeople there were
terrible. I had notasked for more
information, nor did
he volunteeradditional
information.
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Cartier,Actor-dancer as one of
the historical characters
in his repertoire ofportraits
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These occurred yearsbefore all these later
developments when Ihad mentioned to
Orlando that visitors
who came to see meoften told me that they
felt the presence of a
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female spirit following
them around the garden.
These were Anglo folkand usually not given to
such things, but
Orlando took my
comment to heart and
volunteered to rid theplace of any spirits. I
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felt it unwise to refuse
such an offer and Iwatched patiently with
an open mind as heburned something and
advised me to put the
ashes in a container andto sleep with it beneath
my pillow. Well, I put it
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into a container and laid
it on the shelf.
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have been several
people who were evilwhom I liked so I
suppose, I am no greatjudge of character, or, I
am impressed by the
offbeat, or , as oneWelsh astrologer told
me my chart tells him I
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would be a great leader
for the criminal class.
On the surface Orlandoshows none of those,
otherwise disagreeable,
characteristics, but,
after awhile one begins
to sense a quite nearlysubconscious focus on
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an age-old hurt for
which, it is felt thatsomeone feels there
must be retribution, andwhile the original
participants are no
longer around it will besufficient to use a
surrogate who simply isof the type, that is
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guerro. The term
anglo is used to referto anyone, regardless of
color, not NorthernNew Mexican Hispanic.
In order to bring this
about it is sometimesnecessary to appear to
be other than what youare and subterfuge
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abounds.
HELGIHUNDINGSLAYER
HAUGHEM shot byDavid Duran
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and when confronted
with his guilt accusesme of arrogance as a
reason for murdering anexcellent animal.
It is in that connection
that the report below
fascinated metremendously and could
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shed some interesting
light on the nature of allfolk enclaves.
The questionnaire sent
from the national FWP
offices reflected the
dominant version of
folklore, directing theFWP field writers
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questions to the subject
of Indian legends,geographic features,
superstitions, festivals,tall tales, and jokes and
anecdotes passed
around by the campfire (Robelledo.
Introduction xxiii-xxiv),
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In the questionnaire,
New Mexico naturaland cultural wonders
are imagined to exist ina mythic realm outside
history. But this
abstraction of culturefrom history is itself a
historically specific act,as A. Gabriel Melendez
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describes it, the
fetishing offolknessthatbegan in the
1930s__served politicaland ideological ends.
For the vision of New
Mexico as an enclave offolk was also a way to
erase the greater part ofthe Neo-Mexicano
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social and historical
agency.
This statement rathershocked me as it
seemed to be unusually
forthright and
surprisingly right on,
if one could imagine asub-cultural society so
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intent upon appearing,
or to be seen as, whatthey were not that
ultimately believingthat a grafted-on fantasy
was possible and that
consequently a fact, ofsorts, would follow this
act of imagination.There might be a
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precedent in this
cultural transmutation ifwhat some claim
regarding theconversion of non-
ethnic Jewish Khazars
in the 9th centuryaccounts, today, for
their comprising 90% ofthe inhabitants of Israel
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is true.
There is a question
hovering about thesematters which has
rarely been asked and
that seems to be: just
what are the differences
between the SephardicJew, which presumably
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is the New Mexican
Jew and the EasternEuropean Jew, assumed
by some to be rulingWashington D.C. and
known, by some, as
Ashkenazi?When in a letter to the
editor of the Santa FeNewMexican
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commenting on Mel
Gibsons unfortunateencounter with a Jewish
California policeman Imade a one sentence
(20 words perhaps)
suggesting that sinceGibson enjoyed
researching for his filmshe might research that
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Khazar- Jewish
relationship. After a oneday appearance of the
letter that sentence waspurged and I
condemned to a four
day period ofpenitential silence.
When I asked MichaelOdza who had
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complained about that
one sentence I did notreceive a reply. Perhaps
my neighbors across theNambe valley will
provide the answer. Ms.
McKinney owns thenewspaper, but who
owns her?
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This statement also
seems to suggest that inthe process of
consideration andreconsideration of
commentary on the
values andcharacteristics of the
New Mexico Hispanicthat extant and
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functioning social
environments may bepartially obscured in
both the writing and thereading.
It is the phrase to erase
the greater part of the
Neo-Mexicano socialand historical agency
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that suggests that
someone has attemptedto remold a whole set of
cultural behaviors, andperhaps, thereby to
better integrate them, or
not, into a different andless restrictive cultural
context. If so, itcertainly was an
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interesting experiment,
but from my experienceit has not worked, but
has laid the groundworkfor a disturbing social
development waiting in
the wings.
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of Alice, of Alice in
Wonderland from being a
or like re-establishing the
reality of Santa
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now, to have been formulated
with the intent of graftingon to the present group
consciousness a different
and more acceptable one
which, in turn, might be
more amenable to
adaptation. Certainly an
ambitious program insocial psychology if this is
the way it was. This
example, if this is what it iscertainly does not
forebode much success
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for the present and even
more grandiose plan ofglobalization.
These considerations tendto make of the Northern
new Mexico the subject ofa mystery not unlike thatof the Khazars who, somebelieve, have been able tohoax the entire world intobelieving that they are thetrue (ethnic) Jews and,
having done so, nowconstitute 90% of thepopulation of Israel. If
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Adolf Hitler had realizedthis one wonders how hemight have accommodatedthis intellectual conflict. Hemurdered people who were
not the ones he thoughtthey were.
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As for Orlandos work as asantero there is nothing Iam able to say as, Ibelieve, I have never seenany that he may have
done. However, I will saythis that the few I haveseen over several decadeshave impressed me with
their sameness. Now, in artwork that becomes culticand, consequently, subjectto applied formulae of
production this is almostan inevitability. Becauseof this it is possible for us,
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in fact, it is quite nearlyunavoidable that thissameness becomes knownas The school ofandthen add the name of
whatever place it happensto be, e., The school ofFirenze and such anattribution would probably
indicate to the student 1)that we do not know thename of the person whoexecuted the work and are
incapable of telling onework from another or whodid what of among them.
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Art criticism, in its usualsense, has no place tofunction in the field ofsantos production.
In the case of the functionof santero in New Mexico itappears to bear a
relationship to thepopulation not unlike thatof a religious intercessor.In fact, the production ofsantos in New Mexicoseems to bear some
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relationship to othercultures household godsand those who make themare revered as specialbeings whether their craft
is remarkable or not. Therepeated replication oftraditional handcrafts insubject matter and in
unevolved techniqueseems to bear somerelationship tosympathetic magic.
One santero tried to explain:"We want only to say that Jesuswas a man who suffered deeply
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and gave-up His life. The prettycrucifixes in some of thechurches do not grab the eye.They do not melt the heart."
I find this expression
of aesthetic intentmore than acceptable;in fact, I would statethat such an intent isprobably a necessity ifthe product of creativeactivity is to do itsintended job. The
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objectification of
aesthetic intent into anobject thatpossessesthe required
organization ofelements that cantransmit meaning is
only one part of theequation whichrepresents the objectas meaning. The otherpart of the equation is
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represented by the
observer whose visualvocabulary must besufficient to extract
the meaning from theobject. And then, ofcourse, we cant be
sure that the meaningas received is the sameas what was intended.In point of fact thatentire process can
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most adequately
described as a processof approximations.Part of that problem,
of course, hinges onthe adequacy orinadequacy of our
vocabulariesbothverbal and visualvocabularies.
This vocabulary is, Ibelieve, built up
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through a process of
observationalexperience and criticalevaluation and finally
coalesced within theculture as sharedcommunal visual
tools.
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I agree with Orlando
on the salad bowlmetaphor when he
states We are like a salad
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bowl ... you can't enjoy salad
with only lettuce unless
you're a rabbit. What areneeded are tomatoes, onions
and assorted veggies,"
Romero said.
And as in any good salad,the different flavors aredistinctive and
interesting, for the tastebuds at least. However,
the implication is that theHispanic population may
be indiscriminate as towhom it relates tosexually. I do not think
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that, on the whole, such
a statement wouldcorrectly profile the
population. Anglos wheninvited guests at Hispanic
homes for a socialcelebration or in a church
for a social event such as
a wedding or a funeralmass are nearlyinevitably confronted by
racial insults, or in other
ways allowed tounderstand that they are
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unwelcome outsiders. In
fact, it has so much beenthe customary Hispanic
response to Anglos thatthey do not know how to
behave, at ease, whenthey are guests in an
Anglo home, Deborah
Jaramillo, the mayor ofSanta Fe, is one suchexample. I know that for
a contemporary white
audience to read that thewhite man is often
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racially insulted in public
may come as a bit of asurprise, but it is
absolutely true, verycontrary to the prevailing
myth that racism stemsonly from the white man
to others.
When the fantasy generates
an aggressive attitude
towards other groups and is
used to deprive them of their
rights, property and
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freedoms it then becomes a
matter of inappropriate socialbehavior in a multiethnic
community. In short, one
groups fantasies has no
right to impinge upon
another groups real (in the
sense of legal) rights. And in
New Mexico they do and thepolitical propaganda of the
fantasist has already been
brought to the floor of theUnited States Senate by
New Mexico politicians Pete
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V. Domenici and Jeff
Bingaman in the form of aBill designed to investigate
whether, or not, the Treaty of
Guadalupe Hidalgo has been
breached. Well, most Anglos
living in the area know that it
has for one of its more
startling provisions was thespecific requirement that the
Hispanic residents who
chose not to return to Mexicowould greet in a friendly
fashion those venturing into
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the territory from the East.
Even after more than acentury and a half they have
failed to do so and even as
talented a diplomat as
Concha Ortiz y Pino de
Kleven failed to know how to
reconcile these deep
differences.
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differences.
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When facts and beliefs comeinto conflict on the political
scene it might be expected
that irrational events might
take place, as when witches
were burned in Salem and a
Roman Emperor appoints his
horse to the Senatealthough this last example
may have been a late
Roman example of aconceptual work of art not
unlike places a figure of
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Christ submerged in a jar of
urine.
Although numerous, irritating
and barbaric as some of my
personal experiences with
some Hispanic in new
Mexico have been the pale
in the face of the published
misconduct of elected
officials such as District
Attorney Patricia Madrid,Mayor Deborah Jaramillo,
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Judge Jose Cruz
Castaillano, LandCommissioner Alex Armijo,
Supreme Court Justice Petra
Maes and not a few others.
Were I to be the governor of
a conquered nation I would
think more than twice about
allowing any of their numberbeing placed in positions of
authority in local and
regional civil position overthose who did the
conquering. In the case of
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the Northern New Mexican
Hispanic it is an openinvitation to punish the
innocent symbol of your so-
called subjection. Conquered
they were, subjected they
were not.
When State Commissioner
for public lands Alex Armijo
tried to take over a section of
my property in Santa Fe toallow access to a remote
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section of his property so
that his then 16 year-old sonmight have his own entrance
to the property (at my
expense) and announced
this intention on official state
stationary I simply made
copies of the letter and sent
them to every departmenthead in the state. It had its
effect.
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Perhaps the most classic
example of the sardonicallyamazing behavior of the
Hispanic when in office is
part of the public biography
of Jose Cruz Castaillano
whom I first knew as a
District Attorney and who
later became a District Judgefrom which position the other
District Judges, evicted him
for his pilfering of theircommunity savings account.
Within a month after this loss
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of prestige he was arrested
at a grocery store for havinglifted three packages of
cigarettes about which he
explained he needed to
feed his family. From this
several wondered what