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REST OF THE COMPUTERBEFORE THE INTERNET
Understand Your Computer Bit
Binary digit 0 or 1
Byte 8 bits
Unique combinations of 8 bits of 0s and 1s
Bits and Bytes
KB – 1 page of plain text MB – 4 books GB 4,200 books TB – 4.6 million books
Hardware/Software Hardware is any part of the computer you
can touch Software
Application Software Operating System
Windows 8: MICROSOFT OS X: APPLE iOS7: APPLE (IPHONES TABLETS) Android: GOOGLE Linux: Open Source
Files
Types of Computer Tablet, Laptop, Netbooks, Ultrabooks, PC,
Desktop, All in one computer, Smartphone
Mainframe – large, expensive computer that supports many users simultaneously.
Supercomputer is a specially designed computer that performs complex calculations.
Input Devices /Output Devices Enter data and instructions
Keyboards, mouse, scanner, digital camera, microphone, game controllers
Send data out of the computer Text, pictures, sound, video, monitors,
printers, speakers, earphones.
Memory on the Motherbood Motherboard (sound card &
video card & NIC (network interface card)
CPU (Central Processing unit) or processor “Brains” of the computer Controls all the function of
the computer’s components Processes all commands and
instructions Billions of tasks per second
CPU Performance CPU Processor speed measured in hertz
(HZ) or gigahertz (GHZ) – Hertz is a measurement of machine cycles per second.
3.8 GHz processor performs work at a rate of 3.8 billion machine cycles per second.
Memory RAM Random Access Memory
Stores instructions and data Memory cards or modules Temporary (volatile storage) – is
erased when turned off ROM Read Only Memory
Stores startup instructions Permanent (nonvolatile) storage – isn’t
erased when power turned off
Other Storage External hard drive – outside connected with
USB Solid State Drive (SSD)
No moving parts, more efficient, little heat, no noise, requires little power, less likely to fail.
Add more storage in the computer called drive bays.
CD/DVD /BDs Flash Drives (wireless) Cloud Storage (see next)
Drop Box (Cloud Storage) & More
Ports Port is a place through which a peripheral device
attaches to the computer so that data can be exchanged between it and the operating system.
USB (universal serial bus) 3.0 – higher transfer speeds
Ethernet port to connect your computer to a cable modem or a network
Audio ports Video Ports Video Graphics (VGA) and Digital Video Interface
(DVI) port are two ports
LCD Screen LCD: Made up of pixels, 2 or more sheets
of material, liquid crystal solution, crystals block or let light through Aspect Ratio Resolution Contrast Ratio Viewing Angle Brightness Response Time
Look For Aspect Ratio = 4:3 or 16:9 (HDTV) Screen Resolution = Highest resolution
monitor is capable of displaying that large of image (make sure you are comfortable viewing that size)
Contrast Ration = 400:1 and 1,000:1 Viewing angle = 150 degrees or more Brightness = 300 cd/m2 or great Response time = Seek lowest possible
response time
Monitors 27 – Inch Monitor
2560 X 1440 pixels 21.5 – Inch Monitor
1680X1050 pixels Blu-ray movies
Require at least 1920X1080 pixels
Future Monitors
Printers Ink Jet –
Affordable, High Quality Color, Quick and Quiet
Laser Faster printing speed, Higher Quality, More
Expensive Nonimpact printers sprays ink or uses laser beams to transfer marks
onto the paper 1200 dpi – general purpose
4800 dpi – photos
Wireless Printers Wireless Printers
No Wires Print to same printer from different places Wifi or BlueTooth (Range 300 feet – Wifi
faster) Print from portable devices (I phone has
AirPrint)
3D Printers Is any various process for making a three
dimensional object of almost any shape.
Organs
Guns Food
Instruments Limbs
Selecting a Printer Primary Printing Need First
Speed (pages per minute) Resolution (dots per inch) Color output – printers with separate
cartridges for each color produce the best quality
Cost of consumables – how printer cartridges and paper
In Class Assignment Buying a Computer