PREPARED BY: Md. Murad Pervez Monitoring and Research Officer Programme Quality, Learning & Research (PQLR) Unit TEAM LEADER: Munshi Mahabubur Rahman Coordinator- PQLR ADVISOR : Md. Moniruzzaman Head of Programme Quality, Learning & Research (PQLR) Unit Funded by Islamic Relief-UK and UKaid Result Based Monitoring Report (October, 2016) On Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Resilience in Bangladesh (ECCADR) project Climate Change and Disaster Resilience (CDR) Program Islamic Relief, Bangladesh House No: 10, Road No: 10, Block-K Baridhara, Dhaka-1212 Funded by Islamic Relief-UK and UKaid Programme Quality Learning and Research Unit (PQLR), Islamic Relief Bangladesh
Transcript
PREPARED BY:
Md. Murad Pervez Monitoring and Research Officer Programme Quality, Learning &
Research (PQLR) Unit
TEAM LEADER: Munshi Mahabubur Rahman
Coordinator- PQLR ADVISOR :
Md. Moniruzzaman Head of Programme Quality, Learning
& Research (PQLR) Unit
Funded by Islamic Relief-UK and
UKaid
Result Based Monitoring Report (October, 2016) On
Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Resilience in Bangladesh (ECCADR) project
Climate Change and Disaster Resilience (CDR) Program Islamic Relief, Bangladesh House No: 10, Road No: 10, Block-K Baridhara, Dhaka-1212
Funded by Islamic Relief-UK and UKaid Programme Quality Learning and Research Unit (PQLR), Islamic Relief Bangladesh
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RBM REPORT
Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Resilience in Bangladesh (ECCADR) project
STUDY TEAM MEMBER
Md. Moniruzzaman Head of Programme Quality, Learning & Research Unit Islamic Relief, Bangladesh Munshi Mahabubur Rahman Coordinator -MEL Programme Quality, Learning & Research Unit Mahmud Hossain Senior Monitoring and Research Officer Programme Quality, Learning & Research Unit Md. Murad Pervez Monitoring and Research Officer Programme Quality, Learning & Research Unit Emadul Islam Assistant Monitoring and Research Officer Programme Quality, Learning & Research Unit Kazi Lutfun Nahar Ahmed
Intern, Climate Change and Disaster Resilience (CDR) Program Nazmul Nabid
Intern, Climate Change and Disaster Resilience (CDR) Program
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATION
BDT Bangladeshi Taka
CBO Community Based Organization
CCA Climate Change Adaptation
CDR Climate Disaster Resilience
CPP Cyclone Preparedness Programme
CRA Community Risk Assessment
DDMC District Disaster Management Committee
DMC Disaster Management Committee
DPH Department of public health
DRR Disaster Risk Reduction
ECCADR Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Resilience in Bangladesh
FGD Focus Group Discussion
HH Household
IGA Income Generating Activities
IRB Islamic Relief Bangladesh
KII Key Informant Interview
MFI Micro finance institution
NGO Non-Government Organization
PQLR Programme Quality, Learning and Research
PWD Person with Disability
RRAP Risk Reduction Action Plan
SHG Self Half Group
SMC School Management Committee
UDMC Union Disaster Management Committee
UP Union Parishad (The lowest tier of local government)
UzMC Upazila Disaster Management Committee
VGD Vulnerable Group Development
VGF Vulnerable Group Feeding
WDMC Ward disaster management committee
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATION .......................................................................................................... 3
Target VS reality .................................................................................................................................... 9
CHAPTER - I: BACKGROUND, OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGICAL ................................................. 12
1.3: METHODOLOGICAL CHOICE AND CNSEDERATION OF THE STUDY .............................................. 13
CHAPTER II: FINDINGS: EFFICIENCY, EFFECTIVENESS AND RESULTS .................................................. 16
SECTION 1: DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION ....................................................................................... 16
SECTION 2: Climate adaptive income generating activities of the climate-vulnerable communities.16
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report is result based monitoring on “Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Resilience in Bangladesh” (ECCADR) (for period of up to October, 2016) project which has employed both qualitative and quantitative methods. A sample survey was carried out among the 555 beneficiaries from four project implementation areas e.g Sunamgonj, Satkhira, Patuakhali and Khulna
districts respectively for quantitative data. On the one hand, qualitative methods like FGD, Group
assessment, KII, case study and document check/review were applied to collect data from project related stakeholders like- SHG, Apex body, WDMC, UDMC, UzDMC, GO officer and project implementation officer. The summary findings of the evaluation are depicted below-
MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY Climate adaptive livelihood: The average monthly income of the HH has been increased 180 percent (from BDT 2500 to BDT 7004). 77 percent households’ monthly income is from BDT 4501 to above BDT 10500 while baseline was 15 percent. Moreover, lower limit monthly income of the family is BDT 1500 and upper limit is BDT 21543. A- Category beneficiaries have been increased than baseline from 13 percent to 65 percent. On the one hand, D-category has been decreased between 2 and 56 percent. Monthly average expenditure of the households is BDT 5744 that means average surplus value is BDT 1260 while at the time of baseline their monthly average expenditure’s deficient was 541 BDT.The productive and non-productive assets have been increased 198 percent and 10 percent between baseline and RBM. Productive asset multiplied significantly. Possess land status of the targeted households have increased 9 percent. 96 percent targeted beneficiaries are continuing their IGA. 4 percent have turned over from IGA owing to migration and death of the beneficiary. IGA diversification has been seen among the targeted 87 percent households from two to four IGAs and 48 percent HHs have multiplied their IGAs. 88 percent HHs have been profited by their IGAs while 12 percent have not got any profit yet because of over economically active aged of beneficiaries, died of Households head, lost of asset by the disease and waiting to get profit ( especially for cow rearing though their asset value has been increased). All of the targeted beneficiaries trained on IGAs from IRB whilst in baseline study it was 1 percent. Average monthly profit through existing IGAs is BDT 1917. In addition, lower limit and upper limit of monthly profit is BDT 120 and BDT 21543. 55 percent targeted livelihood households stated that other HH elated by their income generating activities as a consequence it replicated in the other HH and community. Replication IGAs are Crop and vegetable cultivation, Livestock rearing, Crab cultivation and fattening, Fish cultivation and tree plantation. SHG are functioning but one third of the livelihood groups seemed less organized that is questionable to sustainable after withdraw the project actives. However, 35 percent are in A-category, 29 percent B-category, 12 percent C-category and 24 percent groups are D-category. 10 apex bodies have been formed and functioning. Of them, 50 percent have got registration certificate from the government. They are working on disaster risk reduction at households and community levels, Strengthening SHG, enhance production of the IGAs and make market linkage to sale the product and manage Risk fund. At the homestead 85 percent beneficiaries were able to produce average 96 KG vegetables whereas 42 percent households sold vegetables alongside consumed which amount is average BDT 819. Lower limit is 10 KG and upper limit is 4000 KG. Through the project intervention targeted beneficiaries have made positive changed in food intake in a day; at present 67 percent can afford 3 meals in a day while at the time of baseline it was 53 percent. Ownership of housing status has been seen constant but housing structure has been improved than before. Tin with wooden house has been increased while thatched and straw made house is decreased. It is sign of economical solvency of households as well as disaster preparedness. 21 percent HHs are
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confident house is able to protect any disaster while near half of the HHs’ living houses any minor damage at the time of big disaster. On the other hand, 12 percent HH’s house is in decrepit state. 93 percent HHs have covered safe drinking water facilities while at the time of baseline 77 percent. On the one hand, 81 percent HHs can meet their demand round the year where at the time of baseline it was 67 percent. Open defecation, open or pit and hanging latrine of the targeted people have been reduced significantly while sanitary and slab latrine user increased drastically. 100 percent project beneficiaries are involved in any organization while at the time of baseline it was only 4 percent. They are involved with various organization including SHG, Apex body or CBO, WDMC, UDMC, SMC and micro finance institution. Reactivation and functioning of DMCs: All of the UDMCs have revitalized and the committees are functioning and active. But, due to re-elected UDMC members and president now a days a number of DMCs do not continue regular meeting. It was found that out of total 50 percent UDMC members are newly appointed. However, previous members are also been aware their roles and responsibilities. They received various training like CRA, Disaster risk reduction, first aid search and rescue etc. On the one hand, all of the WDMC was formed and functioning. As a contrary, now a number of WDMCs are not proactive because, due to hold last tire of local government election (Union Parishod) around 60 percent WDMC members have been changed. In the mean time, the project tried to functionalize these committees and of them 50 percent have covered. Remain 50 percent is inactive. The DMCs and community people have completed around 143 small scales work like roads construction, Bamboo Bridge, ground raising, vaccination camp and tree plantation in the four areas by their own support which estimated value is amount of around BDT 902620 alongside laboring. By the institutional support at respective four upazilla there were around 500 risk reduction or mitigation worked have been done including Embankment, Guide wall, Latrine, Road, Ground raising,
embankment, Submersible Road etc which amount is BDT 58,11,79,081(fifty eight core). As a part of RRAP, DMCs have done a number of small scale mitigation works with financial and technical supported by IRB. Near about 150 small scales mitigation work have been completed by IRB like Installation Solar system at home, Bio Gas Plant, community toilet, Saplings, Killa, Ground raising, Pond excavation, rain water harvesting, tube-well, Stair, Waste management cum fertilizer production and clean environment, Road re-construction, Canal excavation Saplings, eco-park, public toilet, Stair, tree plantation, homestead and school ground raising etc. However, as part of study, of them 37 small scale works have been analyzed to assess benefits (Economical, social and environmental) against the cost. The impressive benefits have found. To accomplish these works (37) IRB has spent around 2,54,44,131 BDT and through the analysis it has found that the community people got benefits which amount is around more than 8,60,17,735 BDT. Targeted schools prepared school safety plan and received training on First Aid, Search and Rescue. They prepared contingency plan about disaster risk reduction and submitted to relevant department. There are need based school safety worked have done like school ground raising, installed drinking water sources, sanitation, tree plantation and First Aid, Search and Rescue materials etc by the support of IRB and institutional support. The SMC played an important role to teach and aware the student regarding first aid, search and rescue etc. Disaster risk reduction and mitigation work: 73 percent targeted people have idea on DMCs especially WDMC and UDMC as well as their activities. DMCs members visit their group meeting to aware and do practices on disaster preparedness. 17 percent livelihood beneficiaries (who are group leaders) received training on DRR, First aid and search & rescue and climate change adaptation. Rests of the beneficiaries have learnt on DRR and search & rescue for the group leaders as on the job training. HH level disaster preparedness has been increased significantly. The significant change occurred in the proportion of food stock, portable oven, and
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homestead rising, saving, tree plantation, shelter tied, improved storage facilities and conserved livestock foods while at the time of baseline it was little practices at household level. WDMC did Amrao Ready (We are Ready) campaign successfully. Assessment of campaign it was also found targeted people have made impressive progress on disaster risk reduction activities. 46 percent households are in green symbol while at the time of baseline assessment it was 17 percent. On the one hand, red symbol have decreased 22 percent. 31 percent targeted people were participated in various advocacy programs ( Human chain, Rally, Campaign, Seminar etc) on climate resilient, disaster risk reduction and climate changed adaptation. 88.2 percent HH have knowledge about early warning system while at the time of base line it was 60 per cent. A total 58 farmers from four areas had taken CALO where 32 different crops, vegetables, grass and fish were cultivated in 101 plots of project implementation area as tested feasibility to cultivate types of crops and vegetable in climate vulnerable area. 82 percent tested fields have succeeded. Moreover, famer shared field laboratory’s learning with the wider community as a result it has been replicated in community farmer. Community based resource center (CRC) is using effectively where community people get information and learn on DRR &CCA and climate adaptive livelihoods from the CRC. Moreover, they are getting information on early warning and WDMC and SHGs are doing meeting in the CRC. Access to social protection scheme has been increased (67%- 75%) 8 percent then before. Policy and advocacy to more informed of disaster risk reduction: The project people observed day on disaster Preparedness where around 837 vulnerable targeted HHs participated. 36 Articles related to climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction have been published in the daily newspapers reaching around 15000 people. The WDMC organized mass awareness campaign named “AMRAO READY” (We are Ready) has covered 26006 HHs of 10 unions. A number of policy and advocacy events organized at national and local level as a result Bangladesh water development board is disseminating early warning flood forecasting massages two times in a day instead of one time as well as it has been digitalized where people are getting authentic information . IRB produced and distributed different types of education and communication materials on DRR and CCA like Flip Chart on DRR and CCA session, Skill Training Module for Saline Prone and Haor Area, livelihood Group Nursing Guideline, IEC materials for Group Nursing, Climate Change Adaptation Module, and Flash Card WASH for Livelihood Group, Display of Risk & Resource Map. As a result this intervention reached out almost 90000 people along with project targeted beneficiaries. IRB organized a number of workshops where university teacher, student, government official, national and local political leaders and mass people participated as well as developed reading working paper. More than 1000 people attend in different workshops and working papers reached to more than 1000 people. It is also mentioned that the project produced huge number of visibility materials like IRB Resilience Model and set up it in different places; even at the community level which is not much effective as all level of people are not able to understand the model (written in English). Conclusion and recommendation: To sum up, in conclusion, the project’s all targeted indicators have succeeded been fruitfully. However,
for excellent achievement of all indicators the study recommended some areas as follows: - 1) as an
organizational stability, livelihood groups need to be more active and functional. So nourishment of the
groups should be continuing minimum more than one year in order to sustain the group. 2) Beneficiaries
need to have clear understanding about utilization of seed money. 3) The group members have to clear
understand about objectives installment in the group saving against seed money, process of Quard-al-
hasana, ownership of money and where money is deposit otherwise there is possibility to break group
activities as well as is possibility to misuse this saving money. 4) Moreover, it is imperative to make sure
establish internal relationship among the group members. That’s why flow-up of the group should
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continue. 5) Apex body is now in initial stage, so to see sustainable apex body nourishment is needed. 6)
A number of WDMC and UDMC members have been changed due to hold last tire of local government
election (Union Parishod). So, newly appointed members need to develop skill on their role and
responsibility. 7) Only necessary and justified visibility materials should be produced in future to be cost
effective, 8) The project should be extended for another two years more for all areas; especially where
distributed 2nd round seed money).
TARGET VS REALITY
SL OVI of Achievement Baseline Status End line
Outcome indicator Milestone
1 Household income among project beneficiaries
50% increased in income of 85 % targeted households
- Average Income of the HH is 2500 BDT
- Average productive asset value is 9708
- Average monthly income is 7004 BDT -77 % HH’s income increased 50 % than average baseline income. -Average productive asset value is 28980 (increased 198 %)
2 Households covered by effective and operational disaster management institutions
27,106 HHs - No household found as such in the project area according to the baseline data
More than 27,106 HHs covered by effective and operational disaster management institutions
10 UDMCs are inactive and non-functional according to SOD
-10 UDMCs have revitalized and functioning -90 WDMCs have formed and functioning
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SL OVI of Achievement Baseline Status End line
plans into Annual Development Plans
2.2 DMC staff and partners trained in emergency response
600 (95 women) DMC staff and 06 partners
A small number of UDMC staff received training from NGOs on emergency response
-2250 WDMC member,100 SMC member, UDMC & UzDMC members and other partner trained-up in emergency response
2.3 Individuals complete targeted DRR training programmes (disaggregated by gender with target of 60% female)
220 women No female members received training according to baseline data
More than 220 women targeted women trained-up on DRR
Output-3: People in vulnerable communities are better able to manage disaster risk reduction planning and mitigation
3.1 Households in target areas supported by small-scale low cost adaptation initiatives and preparedness measures.
2400 HHs (960 women headed HHs)
No such cases found in the baseline data
2400 HHs (960 women headed HHs) have supported by low cost adaptation initiatives and preparedness measures.
3.2 Existing multi-hazard early warning system operationalised
5 unions with early warning systemized
The early warning system is not in great shape though community receives info from different source. However, more than 40% do not have any idea about early warning system
-5 unions covered with early warning systemized -88 % HHs are aware on early warning system. - Through the project initiatives country people care getting early warning flood forecasting massages two times in day instead of one time and it have been digitalized (covered 16 core people)
3.3 Proportion of women and socially excluded (particularly elderly, ethnic groups and persons with disability) with access to existing social protection schemes
10% increase Some of the respondents belong to a socially excluded group (14.5%) receives benefits from existing social protection schemes
8 % has been increased
Output-4 : Local vulnerable communities are more informed of disaster risk reduction and thus more prepared for unexpected disasters
4.1 People reached through local level media and advocacy campaigns organized
3200 HHs( 12% HHs)
0 Respondent could not even mention any such event though they watch TV and listen to radio
-Around 837 HHs observed day -- The WDMC organized mass awareness campaign named “AMRA READY” (We are Ready)
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SL OVI of Achievement Baseline Status End line
by DMCs and CBOs where message on disaster delivered. However 34% of the respondents are not aware of anything like this
has covered 2400HHs. -36 Articles published reached around 15000 people.
4.2 Number of policy and advocacy Events organized at national and local level by different CBOs supported by project (e.g. TRM, women in CCA, Islam and environment and water logging)
events organized at national level
No corresponding data collected during baseline survey
More than 4 events organized at national level
4.3 Number of people reached or have access to DRR an CCA related publications
15000 persons reached with DRR and CCA related publication
No publication Almost 15000 persons reached with DRR and CCA related publication
4.4 Number of people attends sharing workshops and reading working papers
400 people attend workshops and working papers reach 700 people
No More than 1000 people attend in different workshops and working papers reached more than 1000 people
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CHAPTER - I: BACKGROUND, OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATION OF THE STUDY
1.1: Introduction: This document is a report on Result Based Monitoring (till October, 2016) of the ECCAD project of Islamic Relief Bangladesh titled as “Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Resilience in Bangladesh”. The adaptation to climate change is the major development agenda in many developing countries like Bangladesh where Coastal and Haor Basin has been considered the most disaster prone area. The negative effect of climate change is made worse situation for its victim by poverty, unemployment, land degradation, food insecurity and malnutrition. The overall impacts of climate change on Bangladesh are expected to be significant. However, climate change may significantly impact on access to assets and incomes of households throughout the rural areas. This is particularly true for households with low adaptive capacity, having constrained abilities to cope the impacts and risks of climate change. With aiming to address the integrated climate adaptive social protection model in two unique geographical area ‘Coastal & Haor’, Islamic Relief Bangladesh (IRB) has been implementing a project named “Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Resilience in Bangladesh” (ECCADR) in the most vulnerable districts of Bangladesh including Khulna, Satkhira, Patuakhali and Sunamgonj under Climate Change and Disaster Resilience (CDR) Program Since 2014. 1.2: Objective of the assignment The objective of the assignment are, to assess the relevancy, efficiency, effectiveness & impact of the
project in light with the project overall goal, specific objective and results.
The specific objectives of this evaluation are:
To review programme organizational performance against stated organizational objectives ;
To assess the socio-economic changes/effect in the lives of targeted climate vulnerable households,
To assess performance of the DMCs and community people to climate resilience, adaptation and disaster risk reduction.
To determine the extent to which IRB is building on lessons learnt from similar previous responses.
To provide recommendations for future strategic directions for scale up or replication of the current project strategy & approach based on the findings.
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1.3: METHODOLOGICAL CHOICE AND CNSEDERATION OF THE STUDY
The study was employed a mixed approach combining qualitative and quantitative method for data collection and analysis. Data was collect from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data was collect through qualitative and quantitative survey. Household survey was used for quantitative study. On the other hand, FGD, KII, case study and observation etc were mainly used for collecting qualitative information from project related stakeholders such as SHG, DMCs, government officials, SMC community leader, and project implementation officer & manager. For the secondary data collection and analysis, literature review method was applied. Flowing is a brief discussion of different methods used for this study:
Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Resilience
Research approach & Broad Methods
Quantitative Methods Qualitative Methods
Desk Review of
existing literature,
Project Documents,
Reports, Sampling
Household survey
with structured
questionnaires
Group Assessment
Focus Group Discussion : SHG, WDMC and
Apex body
KII: with Government Officials, UDMC,
SMC, CLO farmer and Community leader
Case study
Observation
Field data/Information collection
Data Analysis & Triangulation
Draft Report Dissemination and Feedback
Final Report
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Literature Review: Literature review was covered relevant journal/article, project proposal, project budget, Project Implementation Plan (PIP), different reports, etc. Selection of study area: Usually, project has been implementing at 10 Unions in 5 Sub-districts (Upazila) under 4 Districts named Khulna, Patuakhali, Satkhira and Sunamgonj of Bangladesh. However, the RBM study covered project targeted the entire project implementing area.
Sample selection: Out of total 2400 livelihood beneficiaries’ 555 households (considering 95% confidence level and 3.5% significance level error margin) (Please click here to see calculation) was selected for the data collection. Cluster and Stratified sampling were followed for area selection and simple random sampling was applied for household selection. Household Survey: The household survey was carried out through structured questionnaires to capture the response from households. A structured and mostly pre-coded questionnaire was developed through a rigorous and systematic process. The survey was covered a total of 555 livelihood households from respective 4 areas.
Focus Group Discussion (FGD): A total of 32 FGDs were conducted with SHG, Apex body and WDMs
using purposive sampling for gather in-depth information and gap in the analysis of the household
surveyed data.
Key informant interview (KII) : Key Informant Interview was conducted with around 20 key informants mainly with UDMcs, CLO farmer and government officials and political larders to figure out their understanding, insight and initiatives, contribution and cooperation in completing project activities and achievement of results, changes in the lives of community people, lessons learnt, impacts, sustainability and recommendation, etc.
Group assessment: Around 16 SHG were assessed to figure out the performance and sustainability the
groups and identify gap and gaps of these groups.
Site visit & observation: The study team visited different sites of the project; especially disaster risk
reduction small scale work and the best practices of the beneficiaries.
Case study: 10 case studies have taken place on different issues such as livelihood, disaster risk
reduction activities etc.
Data analysis and interpretation: Quantitative data were input in FoxPro, SPSS and Microsoft
Excel were applied for data analysis and employed data presentation and interpretation. The
qualitative data were analyzed based on narratives (what respondents share about
themselves).
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CHAPTER II: 2.A: FINDINGS: RELAVENCY, EFFICIENCY, EFFECTIVENESS AND RESULTS 2. A. RELAVENCY ANALYSIS
Undoubtedly Islamic Relief Bangladesh has designed very meaningful development interventions of the “Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Resilience in Bangladesh” (ECCADR)” project. Quality program largely depends on management capacity and functional supports. It is very obviously expected that the project management must strive for efficiency, effectiveness, transparency and accountability, so that they can ensure quality control of project implementation. At the RBM, the study tried to look into relevancy of the project activities as flows:-
It is relevance that integrated projects design was based on through analysis of policy context of
MDG’s goals (1, 4, 5, 6 and 7).
Appropriate areas were selected to implement the projects. Because, these areas were climate
vulnerable where a large number of people were suffering from disaster, safe water and
sanitation as well as there are huge number of people lives under extreme poverty line.
In terms of selected beneficiary appropriateness it was found that most extreme vulnerable
beneficiaries were selected in the project through participatory approaches.
Staffing is one of the important management issues for carrying out different activities of the
project including programmatic, finance and administration. In terms of magnitude of project
activities the staff provision designed by the project has considerably look adequate.
For implementing such kind of integrated project, staff capacities development activities must
have and in this project designing staff capacity development activities was sufficient.
Project offices were setup at the congenial place where project staff can communicate to field
easily.
Formation of Apex body concept was relevant to ensure sustainable SHG.
Distributed seeds money among the SHG’s members of the project was so relevant to increase
income level as well as for sustainability of the groups.
Project proposal’s activities were achievable to reach the project framework.
At the designing phase, especially logical framework was designed properly using SMART
indicators that helped for asses the project properly.
Relevant stakeholders were involved with the project from designing to phase out (national and
local institutions, civil society organizations, unions, local community organizations etc).
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CHAPTER II: 2.B: FINDINGS: EFFICIENCY, EFFECTIVENESS AND RESULTS
SECTION 1: DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION The result based monitoring (up to October, 2016) of the ECCARD project conducted with survey of 555 households in four fields including Satkhira, Sunamgonj, Patuakhali and Khulna. Total population of survey households are 2425 where average family size is 4.5. Out of 555 surveyed households, 53 percent beneficiaries are female where 47 percent are male.
SECTION 2: CLIMATE ADAPTIVE INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES OF THE CLIMATE-VULNERABLE AND SOCIALLY EXCLUDED COMMUNITIES
2.1: Economic resource profile To assess the progress of family income and asset profile the study applied comparison strategies with the baseline as follows:
A. Monthly family income status Income level of targeted households has been increased significantly. It is revealed on figure that the average income has been increased 180 percent (from BDT 2500 to BDT 7004). As a contrary, considering the national yearly inflation 14 percent in two years targeted household’s average monthly income level increased 147 percent which is BDT 6024. However, the below chart
depicts at the time of outcome monitoring around 77 percent household’s monthly income is from 4501 to above10500 while baseline was 15 percent. Moreover, lower limit monthly income of the family is BDT 1500 and upper limit is BDT 21543. B. Expenditure: On the one hand, monthly average expenditure of the households is BDT 5744 that means average surplus velue is BDT1260 while at the time of baseline their monthly average expenditure’s deficient was 541 BDT.
C. Classified livelihood beneficiary as per family income level.
However, the study tried to classified targeted households into four categories (A,1 B, C and D) based on HH’s income that is inserted in below footnote and it is reveals on figure that A category beneficiary have been increased than baseline from 13 percent to 65 percent. On the one hand, D-category has been decreased between 2 and 56 percent.
The study shows
periodical assessment figure of
targeted household’s income and found that through the project intervention HHs family monthly income level has been increased gradually without any fluctuation.
1 A category (i.e. average income at least 15% above minimum target – 50 % increased in income from baseline) B category (average income close to minimum target +/- 15%), C category (i.e. average income is below 15% of minimum target but above baseline) D category (i.e. average income still similar to average baseline value).
2500
4620
6246
7004
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
Baseline 1st RBM 2nd RBM Final RBM
Inco
me
(B
DT)
Monthly family income by cronologicaly
65
1914
2
59
23
6
121316 15
56
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
A-Category B-Category C-Category D-Category
Pe
rce
nt
Category of HH by Income
RBM (Oc16)
RBM(Ja 16)
Baseline
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D. Average asset value In terms of asset value above figure shows both productive and non-productive assets has been increased then before.
E. Assets increased and multiplication
Productive assets multiplication, increased and diversification has been seen among the surveyed HHs. The above figure shows 84, 67 and 44 percent HH have tree, poultry and cows while at the time of baseline it was only 23, 5 and 1 percent. On the one hand, below table shows average 12 poultry, 1 cow and 2 goats have per HH while at time of baseline there was no cow and goat of the HHs.
0 01
3
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.31 1
15
8
0.80.04 0.15
0.07 0.74 0.20.06 2
4
6
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Co
un
t
Average productive asset ( compare with baseline)
Baseline
present
1 15
23
0 3 2 1
92 0
12 13
2
44
24
67
84
114
15
7
33
17
6
40 40
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Pe
rce
nt
Productive asset has in the HH ( compare with baseline)
Baseline
present
4386
9708
4805
28980
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
Non-Productive asset Productive asset
Val
ue
Asset status
Baseline
Present
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F. Classified livelihood beneficiary as per productive assets
The study tried to classified HHs into four categories (A,2 B, C and D) based on family’s productive assets that is inserted in below footnote and it is reveals on figure that A category beneficiary have been increased than baseline from 20 percent to 85 percent while D-category have
been decreased between 71 and 8 percent. G. Classified livelihood beneficiary as per both income and productive assets
The study tried to classified HHs into four categories (A,3 B, C and D) based on HH’s income and productive assets that is inserted in below footnote and it was reveals on figure that A category beneficiary have been increased than baseline from 13 percent to 63 percent while D-category have been decreased between 56 and 22 percent.
2
A category of assets (i.e. at least 15% above minimum target productive asset value is baseline productive asset
value + amount transferred); B category (assets close to minimum target +/- 15%), C category (i.e asset value of
productive assets is at least equal baseline value + value of transferred amount), are D category (i.e. productive
asset value is lower than baseline asset + value of amount transferred).
3
A category of income/assets (i.e. average income at least 15% above minimum target and total productive asset
value is above baseline productive asset value + amount transferred); B category (average income and assets close
to minimum target +/- 15%), C category (i.e average income is below 15% of minimum target but above baseline;
asset value of productive assets is at least equal baseline value + value of transferred amount), D category (i.e.
average income still similar to average baseline value and productive asset value is lower than baseline asset +
value of amount transferred).
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5 4
71
85
4 38
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
A-Category B-Category C-Category D-Category
Pe
rce
nt
Category of HH by productive assets
Baseline
RBM
13 16 14
5663
18
4
15
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
A-Category B-Category C-Category D-Category
Pe
rce
nt
HH category by income and productive assets
BaselineRBM
20
H. Possess land
Posses land is an indicator of economic solvency in the family, however, in terms of possess land of the
targeted households the study
have seen positive changed. The
below figure shows 83 percent
people have land while at the
time baseline it was 74 percent.
The below figure depict that
land status have seen among
own and lease in.
2. 2: Climate adaptive livelihood options (involvement in IGA)
2.2.1. Status targeted Climate adaptive livelihood beneficiary
Aiming with a sustainable and climate
resilient source of income, in the project
there are 2400 climate-vulnerable and
socially excluded are involved in climate
adaptive IGA. However, the study found
that almost 96 percent targeted
beneficiaries are continuing their IGA. On
the other hand, 4 percent have turned over
from IGA owing to migration and death of
74
83
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
Baseline Present
Pe
rce
nt
Possess land
96%
4%
Status of livehood beneficiary
Continue the IGA
Dropped out
66
0 17
26
71
05 7
17
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Own Lease out Lease in Khash Other's land
Pe
rce
nt
Discription of land
Baseline
Present
21
the beneficiary. Dropped out status have seen all of the fields among of them the below table shows it ratio
is high in the Golachipa and sulla.
Dropped out status
Area Number of HH
Sulla 9
Golachipa 10
Sathkhira 3
Koyra 1
Total 24
2.2.2: Involvement status of IGA and IGA diversification and multiplication SL Name of secondary IGA Diversification in IGA
1st
IGA (HH percent) 2nd
IGA (HH percent) 3rd
IGA(HH percent)
4th
( IGA HH percent)
1 Crop or vegetable cultivation 15
28
18 12
2 Fish cultivation 14 8 2
3 Cow rearing 38 5 1 1
4 Goat / sheep rearing 7 14 1
5 Duck and Poultry rearing 6
21 9
6 Small business 15 8 2 1
7 Rickshaw/van pulling 2 2 1
8 Fishing net making 2
8 Crab cultivation and fattening 1
1
Total 100 87 32 16
According to ecological diversification and nature of livelihoods targeted households are involved in diversify types IGA. However, through sample survey finding the above table reveals as a prime highest 50 percent HH are involved in livestock while second highest 30 percent in Fish cultivation and crop cultivation and third highest 14 percent involved in small business. On the one hand, targeted beneficiaries are not confined them in one IGA. IGAs multiplication and diversification has seen among the targeted households. However, 87 percent beneficiary is running two IGAs while 32 percent is doing three IGAs and at a time there is 16 percent engaged in four IGAs. In addition, by the FGD it was found people are engaged in diversified IGA owing to got profit by their primary IGA. On the one hand, 48 percent HH multiplied their IGA.
22
1
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Baseline Outcome (till Aug,15)
Pe
rce
nta
ges
Received Skill development traning
2.2.4: Received seed money from IBB to start the IGA
Cash or seed money support From the IRB
Amount Frequency Percent
12000 217 39.1
24000 338 60.9
555 100.0
Before start the IGA all of the targeted livelihood beneficiaries received amount of 12000 BDT as seed money (Cash) from IRB. On the one hand, the study found at the last quarter of the project, IRB again distributed 12000 BDT seeds money among the 61 percent HHs, as a second installment, in the three fields named shaymnagar, Koyraand Golachipa out of four. The objectives of second time distribution were as flows:-
Establish a complete livelihood model in the project, Introduce Qardal-hasana among the SHG, Enhance practices interest free loan among the beneficiaries and Strengthen the Apex body.
However, 70 percent HH stated provided assets form IRB was sufficient while stated it was not sufficient
to run IGA. So, they added extra amount in the IGA that’s why they approached to different sources
including Family investment, NGO micro finance and from relatives and money laundering etc.
Utilization of the second time distributed seeds money: The study tried to efficiency and effectiveness
of this money, utilization the money by the beneficiaries. FGD with SHG It was found that a few
percentages beneficiaries are properly invested this money in their IGA while more than half of them are
waiting to invest in a proper time. A few percentages are misused the money like purchased phone,
purchase furniture and one case also found he using this money with interest loan.
2.3: Capacity building training on IGA
2.3.1: Training on livelihood Income generating Capacity development training is important components of the project. The study findings reveal that all of the targeted Climate vulnerable beneficiaries were received capacity development training on IGAs from IRB whilst in baseline study it was 1 percent. 2.3.2: IGA training information
23
The study found, from the project beneficiaries received five types of training including fish cultivation, crops and vegetable cultivation, crab cultivation, livestock rearing and small business. Data illustrates on figure that the more than half of the HH, 58
percent, received training on livestock (Cow, goat, sheep, duck and poultry) rearing and the second highest received training on small business and fish cultivation almost covered 33 percent. 2.3.3: Training quality The study findings presented lion proportion of training receiver have good knowledge on how to improve income generating activities. In terms of quality of training, findings illustrates on figure that nearer half of the respondents informed, the training quality is well and 36 percent are stated very good.
However, table shows 91 percent of HH mentioned training develops their skill. Among of them, who are mentioned training develop their skills, the highest 47.5 percent respondent’s level of skill is good and 26 percent have expert level skill.
2.4: profit through income generating activities
2.4.1: Profit status through IGA
Develop skill through the training
Response Percent
Yes 91
No 9
Total 100.0
15
82
57.5
17.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
fish cultivation/ catch
Crop/vegetable cultivation
Crab cultivation livestock Small bussines
Pe
rce
nta
ge
IGA training information
24
The column chart revels, who are continuing the IGA, the major proportion HH, 88, have been profited by their IGA while 12 percent have not got any profit yet who are mostly livestock rearing IGA holders. Moreover, meeting with project staff and
livelihood beneficiaries it was found that the reason of not get profit is over economically active age of beneficiaries, died of Households head, lost of asset by the disease and waiting to get profit ( especially for cow rearing). 2.4.2: Monthly income through IGA
The study found positive change among the beneficiaries as increased monthly income level of the family through IGA. However, average monthly profit through existing IGAs is BDT 1917 which is closed to Baseline average total family income of the targeted households. However, the above column chart depicts one third household’s monthly profit is from BDT 2001 to BDT above 6000 while 22 percentage’s monthly profit is satisfactory level that is between BDT 1001 and 2000. Moreover, 44 percent HH’s monthly profit is mediocre and poor level (BDT 100 to 1000). In addition, lower and limit of monthly income is BDT 120 and BDT 21543. However, to sum up it can easily conclusion that within one and half year climate adaptive IGA beneficiaries have seen impressive results utilized limited asset.
88
120
20
40
60
80
100
Gotg profit Have not got profit yet
pe
rce
nta
ges
Profit status by the IGA
25
Case -1 We couldn’t manage food properly owing to economical hardship,
Now we are capable to manage food and other basic needs - Abul kashem and his wife
70 years old, Abul Kashem, lives with his wife at horin khola village in Koyra of Khulna district. They have no offspring. They have no land except homestead. At economically active aged he was making a living by day laboring. Due to old aged he does not any hard work. That’s why, their family depended help of the relatives and neighbor as well as some time they had to begging. However, after enrolled in the project’s livelihood beneficiary he started farming using his homestead. He received 24000 BDT from the project. In the homestead they implemented various IGAs like fish cultivation, vegetable gardening and poultry/duck
& goat rearing. From the fish cultivation every month they earn average 2000 BDT. In the vegetable garden they plant pumpkin, lades figure, Guards, Basil and turmeric so on. By the vegetable gardening they earn average 2000 BDT per month. Moreover, they have around 80 hens and ducks, through duck and poultry they sale 30 eggs per day where in every month they earn average 3000 BDT. As a calculation through these IGAs Abul Kashem’s family is earning around 7000 BDT in every month. Moreover, by the surplus income they also purchased goat now goat gives 3 baby goats.
26
Case -2 Ever and anon we had to hungry when I was beggar,
Project made me self reliant and poverty have been fled from my house
- Rashid Molla
35 years old, Rasid Molla, living at Golkhali village in Golachipa upazila of Patuakhali district. Before, he was making a living by begging. However, after enrolled in the project’s livelihood beneficiary he started small business (hawker). Through this IGA he is earning around BDT 9000 in every month. Moreover, by the surplus income he also has engaged in diversified IGAs including livestock (Cow, goat
and poultry rearing), vegetable and paddy cultivation. From the secondary IGAs he is also earning around extra BDT 4000 per month.
Case -3 My children’s education was stopped due to economical hardship,
Now they are going to school
- Rebeka
Rebeka, 30 years, lives at Napitkhali in Gabura under satkhira. Four years ago her husband was died by the kidney disease. Her husband left two offspring. With two children she was fallen to find out path. Her in-laws were helpless. So, she suffered miserable surviving with children. Her children’s education was stopped. However, after enrolled in the project’s livelihood beneficiary she opened grocery shop. Through this IGA on an average she earns 10000 BDT per month. Now, her children are going to school.
27
However, as a comparison with 1st RBM and final RBM of income generating activities of targeted
beneficiaries and it was found that profit by the IGA is in positive trends. However, below figure
compare area wise profit by the IGA and found average monthly income by IGA of Khulna’s beneficiary’s
is highest, 2283 BDT, than other area.
58
26
11
5
43
33
17
7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
100-1000 1001-3000 3001-6000 Above6000
Pe
rce
nt
Monthly profit form IGA compare with 1st RBM and last RBM
RBM,Aust,15
RBM,Oct,16
1917
22832182
1722
1513
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Total KHULNA SUNAMGONJ SATKHIRA PATUAKHALI
Ave
rage
(B
DT)
Total and Area wise monthly average profit by the IGA
28
2.5: IGA replication
The study finding reveals 55 percent targeted livelihood households stated that other HH elated by their income generating activities as a consequence it replicated into other HH and community. Replication have been diffused to neighbors, relatives, own house, friends and even neighboring community. Out of 55 percent, around 65 percent HH stated it has been
replicated to the neighbors (Click here to see the details). However, replication IGAs are Crop and vegetable cultivation, Livestock rearing, Crab cultivation and fattening, Fish cultivation and tree plantation. (Click here to see the details).
2.6: Homestead gardening of the targeted livelihood beneficiaries
Produce vegetable by homestead gardening
Response Frequency Percent
Yes 473 85.2
No 82 14.8
Total 555 100.0
The project distributed seeds and tree among the targeted HHs in order to contributing family nutrition, climate resilient as well as income level. However, it was found that of them, 85 percent of the beneficiaries were able produced around 10 species vegetables. Bellow table shows in the last year they were produced average 96 KG vegetables which lower limit is 10 KG and upper limit is 4000 KG. Moreover, out of them about 42 percent households sold vegetables alongside consumed which amount is average BDT 819 (click here to see the table). To sum up, homestead gardening is contributing family nutrition as well as income level.
Case-4 Shahajada, ID number 1123, lives at Gupterhawla in panpotti under Patuakhali district. After received vegetable’s seeds from IRB she planted Basil, Balsam, Bottle guard, Pumpkin, sponge guard, Radish, tomato, Spinach, chili and eggplant in her homestead and unused land beside home. In the last season she able to produced around 4000 KG vegetables. She sold around 3000 KG vegetables alongside consumed which amount is BDT 24,000.
55%27%
18%
Raplicated IGA in the other HH
Yes
No
Don’t know
29
2.7: Increased Family income: Behind factors
The study tried to identify and analysis factors behind increased family income. The factor analysis contains two measures like by the project support and other influential factors. And found that around three fourth proportions reasons due to the project support while 26 percent from other support. In terms of project support there are some factors like involvement of alternative IGAs (financial support, skill development training and flow-up IGA by the project), created job opportunity due small scale mitigation work and increased producer group, climate resilience and climate change adaptation, Increased social capital of the targeted people, good health (reduced health expenditure and Increased physical capability) and increased access to social safety net scheme etc. On the other hand, some other factors are comes from naturally not influenced by the project like yearly inflation and increased earning family members so on.
Good health
Access to social safety net
Involvement in
IGA = 28%
Yearly
inflation=14% Created Job
opportunity
Increased earning
member =10%
Climate
resilience
Social Capital
Increased Family income From 3046 to 7004 BDT
Due to project
support=76%
Due to other
factors= 24%
30
2.8: GROUP ACTIVITIES
2.8.1 Livelihood Groups There have 100 livelihood groups in the four fields. However, to assess the group’s capacity the study conducted the group assessment with 17 groups using group assessment tools (please click here to see group assessment tools). The study found that around 70 groups have impressive capacity on governance sector, financial management and economic condition the while operational management and external & internal relation sectors capacity have 60 groups. In addition, 100 percent have opened bank account. They are doing group saving properly but in the some group a few members are showing reluctant saving as well as reluctant to give installment against next received 12000 BDT afraid of not returned the money. Moreover, in general there are some groups members are not clear about the objectives of installment. Especially in Gabura few members are not aware where their saving money is depositing.
However, the study tried to (compare with last RBM) categories the group into A, B, C and D 4on the basis of the capacity (please see the footnote) and found gradual progress of group capacity. 35 percent groups are in a category while before it was 11 percent. On the other hand, D-category has increased from 21 to 24. However, D-Category group has been seen mostly in
Gabura. Case-5
Shapla Chawul Vandar (Rice shop)
Shapla SHG, 4no. Koyra,
Khulna, consisted with 27
members. They conduct
meeting regularly. Every group
members are increased their
income through their IGA. By
the profit they have opened a
rice and grocery shop through their owned initiatives. In
the shop, first time, each member invested 4000 BDT a
total investment was 108000 BDT. Now, by the shop the
group is earning around 10000 BDT per month.
4 A- Category is group has excellent capacity who’s achievement score is 85-99, B-Category is achievement score
is 75-84, C-Category is 66-75 and finally D-category is below 66. Please see the annexure -2 herewith the group assessment scoring tool)
11
37
32
21
35
29
12
24
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
A-Category B-Category C-Category D-Category
Pe
rce
nt
Classified the livelihood group
RBM(Ja16)
RBM(Oct16)
31
2.8.2: Apex body: There are 10 apex bodies have been formed, each body consisted 9 SHG. The objectives of the apex body are:-
To make a platform for SHGs To make sure sustainability of these SHGs Introduce Qard-al-hasana model in the groups in order to discourage interest with loan. Make these groups as like perfect livelihood group model.
However, the study conducted FGD with five apex bodies and all of the bodies have been formed and functioning. Of them, 50 percent have got registration certificate from the government. And rest of the apex bodies already applied for registration and waiting to get registration. They made a station for doing body’s activities. As activities of the bodies at present are:-
They working on disaster risk reduction at households and community level, Strengthening SHG, Production making and sale Risk fund management Other social activities
2.9: Migration
Reduce migration to other place
for earning indicates people able
to manage income opportunity in
their locality, people are adopted
or coping in changing climate and
climate is being resilient. The study
found that among the targeted
people temporary migration to
other place for income earning has
not been reduced satisfactory
level. The figure shows temporary
migration has reduced only 1
percent (from 30 percent to 29
percent) though their family income level increased than before. The study tried to understand the
reasons and found: - in the lean season in wet land people traditionally to go other place for income
because of that time there is no work in haor area, due to involvement of the project targeted people
have come to forward that is the reason to go other place for making a living.
2.10: FOOD SECURITY
The study finding on below chart shows targeted beneficiaries have positive changed in food intake in a day as they, 67 percent, can afford 3 meals
for three times in a day while at the time of baseline it was 53 percent.
Baseline
53 % RBM
67%
3 meals regularly in a day
30
29
28.4
28.6
28.8
29
29.2
29.4
29.6
29.8
30
30.2
Baseline RBM
Pe
rce
nt
Migration for making a living
32
Data regarding food consumption below figure depict more than two third HH never confronted
shortage of meals while at the time of baseline it was only 14 percent.
2.11: Housing status
Ownership of housing status has been seen constant but housing structure has been improved than before; below chart present tin with wooden house has increased while thatched and straw made house is decreased. It is sign of economical solvency of households as well as disaster preparedness.
1417
22
8
33
6
67
37
3
14
6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Never Every day A few times a week
Once a week A few times a month
Once a months
Pe
rce
nt
Fewer meals during the last six month
Baseline
RBM
84.5
0.5
12
3
84.5
0.5
12
3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Owned Rented Living free with neighbor/relative
Others
Pe
rce
nt
Ownership of housing status
Baseline
RBM
33
On the one hand, the study tried to understand, through physical observation and took perception of households (comparison with baseline), is living house can withstand hazards like strong winds, severe rain, flooding or hail without significant damage. The below figure shows 21 percent are confident their house prepared to protect any disaster while near are half of the HH’s living house prepared with minor damage of big disaster.
2
8
15
56
19
2
8 9
66
15
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Cement building Semi-Pacca with tin Roof
Thatched house Tin/wood/bamboo Mud/straw
Pe
rce
nt
Types of housing
Baseline
RBM
31
20
2623
12
21
48
20
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
No Yes yes, with minor damage
significant damage likely
Pe
rce
nt
House Protection from hazard
Baseline
RBM
34
64
9
04
20
3
70
72
1613
1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Deep tube well Shallow tube-well
Supply Rain water harvesting
Pond Others
Pe
rce
nt
Sources of drinking water ( Multiple answer)
Baseline
RBM
2.12: Water sanitation and health hygiene status
The study has seen positive change among the community people to use safe and quality drinking water. Through the project IRB ensured safe drinking water sources at most vulnerable area by the installed tube-well and rain water harvesting. However, survey finding shows above figures that 93 percent HHs have covered safe drinking water facilities while at the time of baseline 77 percent. On the one hand, below chart shows by the water sources around 81 percent HHs can meet their demand round the year where at the time of baseline it was 67 percent.
67
33
81
19
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Yes No
Pe
rce
nt
Sufficient water to meet requirment around the year
Baseline
RBM
35
2.13: Toilet facilities
The study have seen positive changed among the beneficiaries about sanitation. The finding depicts below figure that open defecation, open or pit and hanging latrine of the targeted people have been reduced significantly while sanitary and slab latrine user increased drastically.
2.14: Membership of various organization
Types of Membership Baseline % RBM %
Yes 4 100 No 96 0
Total 100 100
Involvement in various organization is a sign of establish social capital and empowerment. However, the study found that 100 percent project people have involved in any organization while at the time of baseline it was only 4 percent. The below figure shows there are involved with various organization including SHG, Apex body or CBO, WDMC, UDMC, SMC and micro finance institution. Types of member ship
9
22
12
45
125
9 10
63
13
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Open defecation Open or closed pit
Hanging latrine Slab latrine Sanitary latrine
Pe
rce
nt
Toilet facilities
Baseline
RBM
0 1 3 0
100
16
1 3 20
20
40
60
80
100
120
CBO/SHG WDMC UDMC MFI SMC
Pe
rce
nt
Membership in verious organization (Multiple answer)
Baseline
RBM
36
SECTION 3: HOUSEHOLDS COVERED BY EFFECTIVE AND OPERATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT INSTITUTIONS (27106 HH)
3: DMS are reactivated and functional as per sod which covered 27106 households Through the document review and meeting with project staff it was fund that through the effort or initiatives of the project all the targeted 5 UzDMCs and 10 UDMCs have been reactivated. Moreover, there are 90 WDMCs have been formed under 10 UDMCs. The study conduct meeting with 8 DMCs of respective four fields and KII with four UDMC and an UzDMC. The findings are given below:- 3.1: Functioning disaster management committees (UDMCs & WDMC) All of the UDMCs have revitalized and the committees are functioning and actives. But, due to re-elected UDMC members and president nowadays a numbers of DMCs are not continue regular meeting. It was found that out of total 50 percent UDMC members are newly appointed. However, previous members are also been aware their roles and responsibilities. They received various training like CRA, Disaster risk reduction, first aid search and rescue etc. They prepared and validated RRAP and submitted to institution for DRR support as well as implemented a lot of scheme of work. On the one hand, all of the WDMC was formed and functioning. As a contrary, now a number of WDMCs is not proactive because, due to hold last tire of local government election (Union Parishad) around 60 percent WDMC members have changed. In the mean time, the project tried re functionalized these committees and of them 50 percent have covered. Rest of the 50 percent is inactive. 3.2: Union Disaster Management Committees (UDMCs) are working for disaster risk reduction The study found that Each WDMC prepared Risk Reduction Action Plan (RRAP) at ward level. In the RRAP, there were works prioritized including River re-excavation, Cyclone shelter repairing, Road, Culvert, build embankment, Bamboo Bridge, latrine, pond excavation, tree plantation, home & institution ground raising etc. The committees identified what kinds of activities are possible to address within of their range and what are beyond of them. The committees submitted plans to UP which are beyond of them. However, the UDMC compiled these plans and taken consultation with UzDMC & DDMC submitted to institutional donor. On the one hand, some action plans that were within their range have established by their owned initiatives. In addition, some works that was not possible to accomplished neither institutional support nor own initiatives, these are completing by the IRB support. Details RRAP works are given below: A. Own initiatives action taken by WDMC (As work of RRAP) The DMCs and community people have completed around 143 small scales work like roads, Bamboo Bridge, ground rising, vaccination camp and tree plantation in the four areas by their own support whose estimated value is amount of around BDT 902620 alongside labour (source: physical observation, WDMC and documents reviewed).
Case-6 At the Char-Horidevpur of Golkhali union, there was a road was 15 feet down land where during the rainy season cultivable land were inundated so people deprived from cultivation. So, under initiative of WDMCs road has repaired by raise which has connected to WAPDA embankment. As a consequence around 500 people have
37
been benefitted. Now, a plenty of acres lands are using for cultivation.
Case-7 Shawdepasha, one of the most vulnerable village of sulla union under sulla upazilla. There is no any social institutions like school, mosque, bazaar etc in the village in that case villagers have to go to neighbor villages named west hati and moshjid hati for education, market and prayer. However, during rainy season this village become a peninsula, there is no bridge to communication with these villages as a results villagers were deprived from institutional services even students confronted difficulties to go to school.
Under the circumstance, during prepare RRAP ward disaster management committee (WDMC) decided to build a bamboo through own contributions. Eventually, the committee has built around 150 meters long a bamboo bridge with assistance of community people. The total cost was BDT 18000 and labour as well. Now villagers are can communicate with these villages. B. Action taken work by institutional support (As a work of RRAP) By the institutional support at respective four upazilla there were around 500 risk reduction worked have been done including Embankment, Guide wall, Latrine, Road, Ground raising, Tube well, Pond excavation, Cyclone shelter repaired, Culvert, Bridge, School repair, solar, Road, Killa, Beribad,
Submersible Road etc which amount is BDT 58,11,79,081(fifty eight core).
Case- 8 Panpotti is the bank of atrocious river Agumuka. As a history of Agunmuka, in 2009, at the time of devastating cyclone SIDOR, it devoured a lot of population and assets. That is why to protect disaster an embankment was built. But, it was eroded due to slack look after and people became anxious. However, under the circumstance, to safe the village WDMC proposed in the RRAP for repairer and submitted
to UDMC. It was validated by UDMC, UzDMC and DDMC and applied for institutional support. Eventually, it was endorsed by the government and repaired.
38
Case- 9
Rowya notun hati was so vulnerable village in the sulla union, by the strong wave of Haor it was eroded. Under the circumstance, to safe the village from erosion WDMC proposed a protection wall in the RRAP and submitted to UDMC. It was validated by UDMC, UzDMC and DDMC and submitted to CDMP. Eventually proposed protection wall was approved by the CDMP and in last winter it have been built which size is 654 fits and expenditure is BDT 552637. Now the community people are happy for safe their homestead. C. Action taken small scale mitigation work of WDMC with technical and financial supported by IRB (As a work of RRAP) As a part of RRAP, DMCs are doing some small scale mitigation works with financial and technical supported by IRB. Near are about 150 small scales mitigation work have been completed by IRB like Installation Solar system at home, Bio Gas Plant, community toilet, Saplings, Killa, Ground raising, Pond excavation, rain water harvesting, tube-well, Stair, Waste management cum fertilizer production and clean environment, Road re-construction, Canal excavation Saplings, eco-park, public toilet, Stair, tree plantation, homestead and school ground raising etc.
Case -10 There is a canal, at Howlader bari to shener howla village in Panpotti union of Golachipa sub-district, was excavated in 1983. This canal is the main sources of irrigation of around 1500 acres lands (and also pass rainfall water during rainy season) where people cultivate water melo, potato, wheat, paddy, vegetable etc. But, bit by bit it lost her navigability and became died. As a consequence, these lands
were become barren. However WDMC of this ward proposed for re-excavation in RRAP. Eventually it has been re-excavated with collaborate contribution where IRB’s contribution BDT 1054336 and community’s contribution BDT 111057. Now, in this season, community people cultivated water melon, potato, wheat and vegetables which estimated amount value is 2 cores BDT.
39
Case -11 There was no public toilet at Anandopur’s Bazar in Habibpur union of sulla sub-district, during the rainy seasons surrounding area of bazaar became dirty and messy for open defecation. On the one hand, for energy people depended on carbon emission fuel and limited solar energy. However, WDMC of this ward proposed a “latrine come biogas plant” in RRAP in order to get results three in one including sanitation, get energy and reduce carbon emission. However, eventually it has been making with collaborate contribution where IRB’s contribution BDT 600000, UDMC’s BDT 50000 and WDMC’s contribution BDT 20000.
3.3: A Cost-benefit Analysis: Value for Money (VFM) of Low Cost Adaptation & Mitigation
work
Cost benefit analysis is related to a process that assesses the relation between the cost of an
undertaking and the value of the resulting
benefits. Under the project, IRB have
done a lot of low cost adaptation &
mitigation work. However, as part of
study, of them of 37 small scale works
have been analyzed to assess benefits
(Economical, social and environmental)
against the cost. Through the analysis the
study found impressive benefits. To
accomplish these works (37) IRB have
spent around 2,54,44,131 BDT and
through the analysis it has found the
community people got benefits which
amount is around more than 8,60,17,735
BDT ( Please click the here to see details cost benefit analysis in annexure 4).
40
3.4: Carbon Emission Reduction Activities The study found that IRB have some work for reducing carbon emission through providing solar among the vulnerable beneficiaries, installed bio-gash plant as a replace kerosene lantern and firewood and tree plantation. It also reduces family expenditure alongside reducing carbon emission.
3.5: School safety plan (school selection, activation or formation of SMC and student councils and capacity building) The study team had visited 3 schools out of 15 project targeted school, where found that all three schools had prepared school safety plan and received training about First Aid, Search and Rescue. All three school management committee are being confident about disaster resilience. It should be noted that they had prepared contingency plan about disaster risk reduction and submitted to relevant department. The SMC had received fund from CDMP & IRB for school safety work like school ground raising, installed drinking water sources, sanitation, tree plantation and First Aid, Search and Rescue materials etc. The SMC played an important role to teach and aware the student regarding first aid, search and rescue etc. However, SMC received DRR, materials and training form the project.
Case -12
Vet Khali A Karim high school,
A model of disaster risk reduction and climate adaptation -Head teacher
Vet khali A karim highschool at shaymnagar. There were no drinking water facilities. Through the project initiatives IRB installed drinking water sources. Moreover, through project intervention teacher and SMC have received training on DRR and first aid and search & rescue. The school developed school safety plan. In the class students leant about DRR, hygiene practise and climate change. By the financial support of IRB students made an agriculture laboratory to discover climate adaptive crops. Furthermore, the students organized a mock drill first aid and search & rescue at school ground where around 1000
community people observed. In addition, they plant tree at school ground.
41
SECRION 4: PEOPLE IN VULNERABLE COMMUNITIES ARE BETTER ABLE TO MANAGE
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION PLANNING AND MITIGATION Households in target areas supported by small-scale low cost adaptation initiatives and preparedness measures
(2400 HHs)
4.1: Collaboration of Community people and DMCs
The table shows 73 percent targeted people have idea on DMCs especially WDMC and UDMC as well as
their activities. FGD with SHG it was also found that the DMCs members visit their group meeting to
aware and do practices on disaster preparedness. It also noted that around 16 percent targeted
livelihood households have been members of WDMC and 1 percent is UDMC.
4.2: Training and awareness on DRR and CCA:
The quantitative study found that around 17 percent livelihood beneficiaries (who are group leaders)
received training on DRR, First aid and search & rescue and climate change adaptation. They developed
their knowledge on these issues and have been aware. The FGD with beneficiaries it also found that they
learn on DRR and search & rescue for the group leaders as on the job training.
4.3: Amrao ready (we are ready) campaign
WDMC had done Amrao Ready (We are Ready) campaign successfully in the first year of the project period. In the camping the committee, identified baseline status on disaster preparedness at household level based on around 13 needs based action taken prepared measured in HH level to reduce disaster risk. Among the 13 they divided into 3 symbols like Red, yellow and
green (please see the footnote about symbol)5 . Then WDMC prepared action plan and have done work to reach DRR practice in congenial level.
5 Among 13, HH has existing 4 DRR preparation symbol is red, 8 existing preparation symbol is yellow and HH has
existing above 8 preparation symbol is green.
Households have Idea about DMCs
Response Percent Yes 73 No 27
85%
15%
Have knowledge on Amarao ready Campaign
Yes
No
42
However, study tried to compare with baseline assessment on DRR preparedness and found targeted people have made impressive progress on disaster risk reduction activities. The figure shows 46 percent households are in green symbol while at the time of baseline assessment it was 17 percent. On the one hand, red symbol have decreased 22 percent. On the other hand, 15 HHs have not aware on this
objective of campaign and as a consequence 12 percent HHs have not fastened symbolic sticker.
4.4: Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) practices at household level
However, as action of DRR practices, the study found significant change among the targeted community. It was observed by the study team that targeted HH received support from the ECCADR project. Distribution of comparative findings illustrates in figure that HH level preparedness measures has been increased significantly. The significant change occurred in the proportion of food stock, portable oven, and homestead rising, saving tree plantation shelter tied, improved storage facilities and conserved livestock foods while at the time of baseline it was little practices at household level.
12
30
41
1712
8
34
46
05
101520253035404550
No symbol Red Yellow Green
Pe
rce
nt
Disaster Preparedness through Amorao ready campaign
Before
Present
1
75
21
8
30
2 03
61
13
50
70
88
58
84
54
10 12
24
34
12
8387
3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Pe
rce
nt
Action taken for DRR
Baseline
Present
43
4.5: Homestead gardening (Vegetables and tree plantation):
For climate change resilient, climate adaptation, disaster risk reduction as well as increase family
income the project promoted to the beneficiaries for homestead gardening. As a consecutive the
project distributed vegetable seeds and tree. However, the study found that 100 percent HHs was did
homestead gardening. Of them, 85 have succeeded the gardening that have been made them disaster
preparedness as well as contributed income level of the family.
4.6: Participation in advocacy program of targeted HHs:
The quantitative data present 31 percent targeted people were participated in various advocacy
programs ( Human chain, Rally, Campaign, Seminar etc) on climate resilient, disaster risk reduction and
climate changed adaptation.
4.7: Existing multi-hazard early warning system operationalised (5 unions with early
warning systemized)
Local early warning system in the project implementation areas has been occupying significantly. WDMC has been playing an important role in this regard. From the focus group discussion with WDMC, it was found that they are circulated their knowledge among the communities and HH being aware about early warning and cyclone signals. The consecutive changes among the targeted HH also found by the quantitative survey that 88.2 per cent HH have knowledge about early warning system while at the base line time it was 60 per cent only. It should be noted that making awareness regarding DRR, public health first aid and economic progress of IGA beneficiary, discussion highlighted that WDMC is very active in those activities. For example- In the very recent cyclone ROANU, WDMC act as a local actor of resilience. They did emergency meeting to prepare themselves against cyclone and define their roles as per guideline of the ECCADR project. However, through advocacy with Bangladesh water development board communities are getting early warning flood forecasting massages two times in day instead of one time.
4.8: Climate Adaptive Livelihood Option (CALO): Farmers Field Laboratory
Under the result 3 the climate adaptive livelihood option (CALO) is core component, where the project has been piloted in this. A total 58 farmers from four areas had taken CALO where 32 different crops, vegetables, grass and fish were cultivated in 101 plots of project implementation area as tested feasibility to cultivate types of crops and vegetable in climate vulnerable area. The objective of farmer field laboratory was increase the capacity of the framers so that they can test and contextualize the recommended agricultural technologies using his indigenous knowledge for better adaptation. And, disseminate to other farmers about experience of experiment. However, Interviewed with respective respondents, physical observation in the plots and meeting with project staffs it was found that 82 percent tested fields has succeeded. Moreover, famer shared field laboratory’s learning with the wider
60
88.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
Baseline Present
Pe
rce
nt
Knowladge about early warning
44
community in order to replicate in community farmer. As a consequence, these have been replicated in the number of farmers.
Case-13 Bikash Ranjan Chakroborti, inhabitant of Anandopur village in Habibpur union under Sulla upazila, produced five types of vegetables like Pumpkin, Radish, Spinach, balsam consecutively in the 32 decimals unused land as a field test. In this plot he was able produced around 2000 pumpkins (per pumpkin’s weight was average 15 kg) and sold around BTD 2, 10,000. He also sold radish and balsam alongside which value BDT 12500. Now, about 8 neighbor farmers of Bikas are producing vegetables using same technic and methods by elated to Bikas.
Case-14 Farmer, Md. Yusuf Hawladar, at Naluabagi village in Golkhali union of Galachipa Patuakhali
produced tomato in his 10 decimals land as a
field test. He used DRIP irrigation system that is climate friendly technology, which reduce the waste of water. He had expended only 500 BDT for fungicide. No pesticide used for this variety. He already earned more than 6000 BDT.
4.9: Local Adaptation Plan of Action (LAPA):
At the present implementation stage of the project has been introducing Local Adaptation Plan of Action (LAPA) with the goal of assuring sustainable adaptation initiatives and resilience in the targeted community. Qualitative finding reveals that WDMC was the key actor to implement LAPA in the respective project implementation area.
4.10: Community Resource Center (CRC):
The project has been established community based resource center (CRC) in the ECCADR project area in order to community people get information and learn on DRR &CCA and climate adaptive livelihoods from the CRC. The study team observed and found that CRC is most effective. In the CRC has learning materials on DRR, CCA, Climate resilient, early waning etc where people get information. Moreover, WDMC and SHGs are doing meeting and children as well as older participate education learning.
Bikas is in his field
45
4.11: Access to existing social protection scheme (10% increase of targeted socially
excluded person to access existing social protection schemes)
In this phase of the project it was targeted that the proportion of targeted socially excluded person to access existing social protection schemes will increase 10 percent. Distribution of data shows on table that – out of 555 HH 67 percent had access to social protection scheme at the baseline period while at present phase of the project 75 percent HH has access to social protection scheme. It can be generalized that the proportion of HH access to social protection scheme has been increased (67%- 75%) 8 percent then before.
SECTION 5: POLICY AND ADVOCACY TO MORE INFORMED OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
AND MORE PREPARED FOR UNEXPECTED DISASTERS
5.1: People reached through local level media and advocacy campaigns organized by DMCs
and CBOs (3200 Households (12% Householdes Participated in Media and Advocacy Campaigns)
DMCs and community people observed a National Day for Disaster Preparedness and International Day
for Disaster Reduction where 31 percent community people participated in day observation. 36 Articles
related to climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction have been published in the daily
newspapers reaching around 15000 people.
The WDMC also initiated community based mass awareness campaign named “AMRA READY” (We are
Ready) on disaster preparedness where this campaign covered most vulnerable wards of targeted 10
unions covering 26000HHs.
5.2: Number of policy and advocacy events organized at national and local level by different
Community Based Organizations (CBOs) . (Milestone 3: 3 events organized at national level)
Islamic Relief Bangladesh has jointly organized the Bangladesh Summit on Sustainable Development
during 16-19th August in association with INGOs, national NGOs and government institutions and
facilitated the plenary session on Universal Access to Water and Sanitation. Islamic Relief, Bangladesh
facilitated a session on second National Community Based Adaptation (NCBA) conference highlighting
11
13
7
10
3
17
01 2
13
16
10
13
3
18
1 13
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
VGD VGF Widow Allowance
Elderly Allowance
Food for Work
Food for Education
Shelter Disable Micro Credit
Pe
rce
nt
Access to social protection
Before
Present
46
the preparation of Risk Reduction Action Plan (RRAP) at union level through Community Risk Assessment
(CRA) process and the way forward for financing of RRAP schemes. The project also organized a
workshop jointly with Action Research for Community Adaptation in Bangladesh (ARCAB) at Rangpur
and Patuakhali district.
However, through advocacy with Bangladesh water development board communities are getting early warning flood forecasting massages two times in day instead of one time.
5.3: Number of people reached or has access to DRR and CCA related publications (15000
persons reached with DRR and CCA related publication)
IRB produced and distributed different types of education and communication materials on DRR and CCA for the community and also for different stakeholders like Flip Chart on DRR and CCA session, Skill Training Module for Saline Prone and Haor Area, Livelihood Group Nursing Guideline, IEC materials for Group Nursing, Climate Change Adaptation Module, Flash Card WASH for Livelihood Group, Display of Risk & Resource Map to reach Livelihood Beneficiaries, DMC members, Community leaders, Volunteers, Government Departments and relevant stakeholders. As a result this intervention reached out almost 90000 people along with project targeted beneficiaries. 5.4: Number of people attends sharing workshops and reading working papers (400 people attend workshops and working papers reach 700 people)
The project initiated a study on water logging in southwest Bangladesh for development of advocacy strategy. About 60 students of North South University were involved in collecting data and information as part of their field work in Satkhira which is one of the water logged areas. A MoU has been signed with Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute under the Ministry of Agriculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee - BRAC University and North South University.
IRB have Initiated a process of signing a MoU with the Khulna Technical University and Shahjalal University of Science and Technology.
BRAC University has been conducting a study on Roadmap for setting up policy, legal and institutional framework in mainstreaming climate change adaptation on national planning.
Completed a study on climate adaptive and disaster resilient livelihood options (CALO) for coastal and haor areas. The findings of the study will be shared in a workshop of Gobeshona (a research network of climate change adaptation in Bangladesh) in January 2015. The result of the CALO demonstration and low cost adaptation measures also shared.
National sharing workshop on enhancing climate resilience practices and governance in Bangladesh has organized at Dhaka University where more than 500 people were participated.
47
CHAPTER III: KEY CHANGES/IMPACT DURING THE PROJECT PERIOD
There are most significant changes are appeared in the targeted projects area and project peoples that are represents impacts of the project these are given below:- A. Household Level 1. Created climate adaptive livelihood and increased family income: Through the project intervention 2400 climate-vulnerable and socially excluded households have involved in climate adaptive IGA as a consequence as a consequence 88 percent household’s income level have been increased significantly. 2. People are practices disaster risk reduction activities: Through the project intervention targeted beneficiaries have done Household Adaptation Plan to reach DRR in congenial level by the self initiatives i.e. different disaster preparedness measures with prepared dry food and fuel collection, portable Chula, homestead raising, tree plantation and other essential items to keep available for the disaster time. As a consequence significant numbers of Households are practicing these disaster preparedness measures as action of DRR. 3. Enhanced women empowerment: Through involved in IGA women are contributing in income level as consequences they are participating in the decision making process in the family that are enhanced women empowerment. 4. Targeted people have access safe drinking water: In the safe drinking vulnerable area, project has installed water sources through rain water harvesting and tube-well installation as a consequence a number of safe drinking water vulnerable people have access to safe drinking water. 5. Targeted people have access to Sanitation: The project provided sanitary latrine among the sanitation vulnerable people as a result open defecation have been reduced significantly. 6. Enhanced health hygiene practices: Through the project interventions targeted people have become been aware on health hygiene and practicing, for instance; they washing hand before have and after defecation and keep hygiene house premises and latrine. 7. Reduced Water Born Disease: Due to access to safe drinking water and hygiene latrine as well as practicing the hygiene in their daily lives have been reduced water borne related disease. As a result their medical treatment cost as have been decreased and they are keeping good health that is why they can doing normal daily work cherish fully. 8. Established social capital: in the course of the project intervention targeted HH’s mobility and participation has been increased. They have established good relationship with various stakeholders like government institutions, DMCs, Local representative, community leaders and local administrative as a results they have able been accessed the services from those institutions. 9. Targeted HH have become aware on early warming: Through the project intervention targeted HHs early warning. B. Community Level: 1. Revitalized and functioning DMCs: Through the project intervention existing disaster management committee have been reactivated and functioning as a results climate risk reduction and climate resilient activities are going on. Moreover, newly formed and functioning WDMCs are enhancing disaster management committee’s work. 2. Community people are benefited: Through the project intervention WDMC along with community people have done disaster risk reduction and resilience activities by the own initiatives and institutional support such as made Guide wall, Latrine, Road repairing, Ground raising, Tube well, Pond excavation, Embankment, Culvert, Bridge, School repair, Killa, Beribad, bamboo bridge, ground rising, tree plantation Submersible Road etc as a results community have been benefited. Moreover, for instance owing to school ground rising has been directly benefitted about 9600 School Children.
48
C. Sub-District Level Union Disaster Management Committee has incorporated 50% small mitigation (159 schemes) to Annual Development Plan as Equivalent to $ 1.94 Million. D. District Level In district level media and advocacy campaign are lead by Disaster Management Committees and Community Based Organization involving civil society, media and other stakeholders. E. National Level The project organized plenty of policy and advocacy events at national as a consequence advocacy central disaster warning, forecasting and system were updated and modernized to disseminate warning more effectively during any emergencies.
CHAPTER IV: STRENGTHS, LIMITATION & CHALLENGE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
4.1: Strengths
SHGs (Livelihood group) are functioning.
Created climate adaptive livelihood is so effective for reduce poverty.
Livelihood groups are made strong linkage with relevant service providers like livestock
department, fisheries department and DMCs.
Formed apex boy has given platform of SHGs and made bandaged among the livelihood group
members toward sustain these groups.
Successful laboratory tested crops are disseminated to community farmers as a results farmers are
cultivating such kind of successful crops.
UDMC &UzDMCs and WDMCs are sustainable functioning.
WDMC have made strong linkage with CCPP and community people. They are working collaborate
process for disaster risk reduction, early warning, climate adaptation and climate resilience.
Under the project, IRB have done a lot of low cost adaptation & mitigation works. Through these
works community people have been benefited as economical, social and environmental.
Homestead gardening is contributing family income level as well as increased nutrition.
Community people have been more knowledgeable about early warning system.
Disaster preparedness activities is increased among the community
4.2: limitation & challenge
Still now a percentage SHG is seem less organized. Members are not clear the objectives of group
activities.
In general, a numbers of group members are clear about saving by the installment against received
12000 BDT in second time. Their notion is they are retuning money to IRB by the installment against
second time received 12000 BDT.
Some of group members don’t know where their or in which bank they saving and installment’s
money is depositing (Especially in Shymnagar fields).
49
Group members don’t know about quard-al-hasana. Even in the group there is guideline about
utilization quard-al-hasana and revolving fund.
A percentage of members are using seeds money (last time received) as installment, buy furniture,
mobile etc rather than invest in their IGA.
A number of SHG members don’t know about of apex body.
It is difficult to improve IGA there are a number of beneficiary due to economically inactive age.
A number of WDMC and UDMC are not proactive due to hold last tire of local government election (Union Parishad) around 60 percent WDMC members have changed.
4.3: Recommendations
As an organizational stability, livelihood groups need to be more active and functional. So
nourishment of the groups should be continuing minimum more than one year in order to sustain
the group.
Beneficiaries have to clear understand about utilization on seed money.
The group members have to clear understand about objectives installment in the group saving
against seed money, process of Quard-al-hasana, ownership of money and where money is deposit
otherwise there is possibility to break group activities as well as is possibility to misuse this saving
money.
Moreover, it is imperative to make sure establish internal relationship among the group members.
That’s why flow-up of the group should continue.
Apex boy is now in liminal stage, so to see sustainable apex body nourishment is needed.
A number of WDMC and UDMC members have been changed due to hold last tire of local government election (Union Parishad). So, newly appointed members need to develop skill of their role and responsibility.
To overcome above- mention issues project should continue minimum two years.
50
CHAPTER V: ANEXTURE: ADDITIONAL
Annexure -1 : Sampling Calculation
A representative and statistically significant sampling approach has been undertaken. The sample was at 95% confidence level with an accuracy rate or amount of admissible error margin of 3.5%. The following sampling approach and statistical formula was used for sample design.
22
2
)1(..
...
eNqpz
Nqpz
Where, n = Sample size N = Population size e = Precision rate or amount of admissible error in the estimate p = Proportion of defectiveness or success for the indicator q = 1-p z = Standard normal variable at the given level of significance In the sampling estimate, given values are: N = 2400 for households e = 0.03.5 (3.5 % significance level/admissible error margin) p = 0.7 q = factor q (1-p) = 0.7 z = 1.96 (value of standard normal variable at 95% confidence level)
Average amount of vegetable (KG) got in last season
Average amount of vegetable
sold (KG)in last season
Income from sale vegetable (BDT)
96 50 819
51
Vegetable gain status by homestead gardening
Lower Limit Upper Limit
Average amount of vegetable (KG) got in last season
10 KG 4000 KG
Average amount of vegetable sold (KG)in last
season 8 KG 35000 KG
Income from sale vegetable (BDT) BDT 100 BDT 45000
Annexure 4: GROUP ASSESSMENT TOOLS
0=Non existence , 1= Required Major improvement, 2= Need little improvement , 3=Excellent achievement .Total score=99
Indicators for Group Assessment Achieved score
SL Governance (3x6=18)
1 SHG members are clearly aware about the objective of the SHG
2 SHG has executive committee and it was selected through participatory process
3 SHG has bylaws/guideline and it operates according to the bylaws/ guideline
4 Executive committee is clearly aware about their role and responsibilities
5 Executive committee attends meeting timely and regularly
6 Quality of SHG leaders ( average educational qualification)
Operation and Management ( 3x10=30)
7 Clearly defined work plan exist for SHG
8 Maintaining rule and regulation of SHG
9 Capable for new planning without external support
10 Regular meeting held (last three month)
11 Capable to writing meeting minutes without external support
12 Percentage of attendance (last three meeting )
13 Proceess of decision making
14 Conflict managed through within the group in a participatory way
15 Raise their voice united way against any kind of violence
16 Level of capacity of group leaders on SHG management
Training and Financial Management (3x9=27)
17 Regular saving is deposited by the members
18 Level of repayment rate of quard Al Hasan/murabaha
19 All savings and credits are properly recorded by full documentation
20 Capable to handle acccounting system without external support
21 Level of capacity of group leaders on financial management of SHG
22 Have access to bank/ Have group account at Bank
23 Deposit of SHG saving at bank regular basis
24 Training on financial management
25 IGA implementation as per training
External and Internal Relation (3x4=12)
26 Relation among the SHG members
27 Relation between SHG and IR staff
28 Level of networking with the service providers
29 Level of awareness on complaint and response mechnism
Awareness on donor and Sharia complaince (3x4=12)
30 Level of awareness of SHG member on sharia based microfanance
31 Practice level of SHG member on sharia based microfanance
32 Aware about donor and implementing organization
33 Aware about Samity name, Samity code and Samity member
Annexure 5: Cost benefit analysis Low Cost Adaptation & Mitigation Measures: A Cost-benefit Analysis from Coastal and Haor Regions of Bangladesh
Project Name: Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Resilience in Bangladesh Implementation Period: 1 April 2013 to 31 March 2016
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
1 Jialy Canal Re-Excavation in Golkhali Union of Golachipa Upazila in Patuakhali district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 12000 BDT for 5 years
1031912
Water logging, damages of crop for each disaster is reduced @ Tk 400000 per disaster (it’s estimated 2 disasters in next 5 years )
500 acre lands are covered under multi-cropping after getting the supplementary irrigation facilities
The re-excavated cannel removed the drainage congestion and Irrigation cost for agricultural production is reduced @ Tk 100000 per season
Peanut, amon, dul is harvested @ Tk 360000 per year
Watermelon is harvested @ Tk 10000000 per year
At least 240 trees were planted which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of re-excavation, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Nutritional status has been improved by consuming vegetables at canal bank
Tree plantation at canal bank reduce carbon emission largely
11032000 10.690
2 Jaider Canal Re-Excavation in Panpotti Union of Golachipa Upazila in Patuakhali district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 12000 BDT for 5 years
740848 Water logging, damages of crop for each disaster is reduced @ Tk 452000 per disaster (it’s estimated 2 disasters in next 5 years )
550 acre lands are covered under multi-cropping after getting the supplementary irrigation facilities
The re-excavated cannel removed the drainage congestion and Irrigation cost for agricultural production is reduced @ Tk 120000 per season
Peanut, amon, dul is harvested @ Tk 606000 per year
Watermelon is harvested @ Tk 8500000 per year
At least 240 trees were planted which are free from damages and calculated at BDT
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of re-excavation, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Nutritional status has been improved by consuming vegetables at canal bank
Tree plantation at canal bank reduce carbon emission largely
9870000 13.322
53
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
3 Roskomola Canal Re-Excavation in Golkhali Union of Golachipa Upazila in Patuakhali district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 12000 BDT for 5 years
1178679 Water logging, damages of crop for each disaster is reduced @ Tk 500000 per disaster (it’s estimated 2 disasters in next 5 years )
800 acre lands are covered under multi-cropping after getting the supplementary irrigation facilities
The re-excavated cannel removed the drainage congestion and Irrigation cost for agricultural production is reduced @ Tk 90000 per season
Peanut, amon, dul is harvested @ Tk 730000 per year
Watermelon is harvested @ Tk 10050000 per year
At least 220 trees were planted which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of re-excavation, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Nutritional status has been improved by consuming vegetables at canal bank
Tree plantation at canal bank reduce carbon emission largely
11532000 9.783
4 Swanirvor Canal Re-Excavation in Panpotti Union of Golachipa Upazila in Patuakhali district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 12000 BDT for 5 years
1179793 Water logging, damages of crop for each disaster is reduced @ Tk 408000 per disaster (it’s estimated 2 disasters in next 5 years )
750 acre lands are covered under multi-cropping after getting the supplementary irrigation facilities
The re-excavated cannel removed the drainage congestion and Irrigation cost for agricultural production is reduced @ Tk 100000 per season
Peanut, amon, dul is harvested @ Tk 520000 per year
Watermelon is harvested @ Tk 9200000 per year
At least 180 trees were planted which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of re-excavation, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Nutritional status has been improved by consuming vegetables at canal bank
Tree plantation at canal bank reduce carbon emission largely
10400000 8.815
5 Majhneta Canal Re-Excavation in Rangabali Union of Golachipa Upazila in Patuakhali district
1413991 Water logging, damages of crop for each disaster is reduced @ Tk 450000 per disaster (it’s estimated 2 disasters in next 5 years )
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in
9472000 6.698
54
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 12000 BDT for 5 years
880 acre lands are covered under multi-cropping after getting the supplementary irrigation facilities
The re-excavated cannel removed the drainage congestion and Irrigation cost for agricultural production is reduced @ Tk 75000 per season
Peanut, amon, dul is harvested @ Tk 750000 per year
Watermelon is harvested @ Tk 8050000 per year
At least 200 trees were planted which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
the whole process of re-excavation, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Nutritional status has been improved by consuming vegetables at canal bank
Tree plantation at canal bank reduce carbon emission largely
6 Manik Khali Canal Re-Excavation in Romjannagar Union of Shyamnagar Upazila in Satkhira district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 12000 BDT for 5 years
Earth work 419385 Water logging, damages of crop for each disaster is reduced @ Tk 398000 per disaster (it’s estimated 2 disasters in next 5 years )
400 acre lands are covered under multi-cropping after getting the supplementary irrigation facilities
The re-excavated cannel removed the drainage congestion and Irrigation cost for agricultural production is reduced @ Tk 155000 per season
Barley, amon, dul is harvested @ Tk 835000 per year
At least 130 trees were planted which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of re-excavation, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Nutritional status has been improved by consuming vegetables at canal bank
Tree plantation at canal bank reduce carbon emission largely
1582000 3.772
7 Domuria Canal Re-Excavation in Gabura Union of Shyamnagar Upazila in Satkhira district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 12000 BDT for 5 years
938371 Water logging, damages of crop for each disaster is reduced @ Tk 470000 per disaster (it’s estimated 2 disasters in next 5 years )
500 acre lands are covered under multi-cropping after getting the supplementary irrigation facilities
The re-excavated cannel removed the drainage congestion and Irrigation cost for agricultural production is reduced @ Tk 95000 per season
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of re-excavation, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Nutritional status has been improved by consuming vegetables at
1457000 1.552
55
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
Barley, amon, dul is harvested @ Tk 764000 per year
At least 110 trees were planted which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
canal bank Tree plantation at canal
bank reduce carbon emission largely
8 Dorgabari Canal Re-Excavation in Romjannagar Union of Shyamnagar Upazila in Satkhira district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 12000 BDT for 5 years
501312 Water logging, damages of crop for each disaster is reduced @ Tk 570000 per disaster (it’s estimated 2 disasters in next 5 years )
600 acre lands are covered under multi-cropping after getting the supplementary irrigation facilities
The re-excavated cannel removed the drainage congestion and Irrigation cost for agricultural production is reduced @ Tk 88000 per season
Barley, amon, dul is harvested @ Tk 520000 per year
At least 140 trees were planted which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of re-excavation, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Nutritional status has been improved by consuming vegetables at canal bank
Tree plantation at canal bank reduce carbon emission largely
1308000 2.609
9 Nimai Canal Re-Excavation in Gabura Union of Shyamnagar Upazila in Satkhira district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 12000 BDT for 5 years
1356232 Water logging, damages of crop for each disaster is reduced @ Tk 370000 per disaster (it’s estimated 2 disasters in next 5 years )
400 acre lands are covered under multi-cropping after getting the supplementary irrigation facilities
The re-excavated cannel removed the drainage congestion and Irrigation cost for agricultural production is reduced @ Tk 75000 per season
Barley, amon, dul is harvested @ Tk 865000 per year
At least 130 trees were planted which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of re-excavation, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Nutritional status has been improved by consuming vegetables at canal bank
Tree plantation at canal bank reduce carbon emission largely
1424000 1.049
10 Community Based Solar Panel at Sahadebpasa Village of Sulla Union in Sunamgonj District
1459540
Total 115 families are getting the solar facility without any expenses.
Now each family can save around 300-400 TK monthly on their fuel costs, which is Tk
Reducing emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (NO) from
483000
0.330
56
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 25000 BDT for 5 years
483000 per year. The savings are being used for more
pressing needs such as food, clothing or providing a better education for children.
Nearly 174 students are getting easy access to continue their education
the storage and thus contribute to diminishing of global warming
Up gradation of social status
11 Community Based Solar Panel at Mirzakanda Village of Bahara Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 25000 BDT for 5 years
1243040 Total 88 families are getting the solar facility without any expenses.
Now each family can save around 300-400 TK monthly on their fuel costs, which is Tk 369600 per year.
The savings are being used for more pressing needs such as food, clothing or providing a better education for children.
Nearly 75 students are getting easy access to continue their education
Reducing emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (NO) from the storage and thus contribute to diminishing of global warming
Up gradation of social status
369600 0.297
12 Community Based Solar Panel at Hobibpur Hati of Hobibpur Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 25000 BDT for 5 years
999035 Total 108 families are getting the solar facility without any expenses.
Now each family can save around 300-400 TK monthly on their fuel costs, which is Tk 453600 per year.
The savings are being used for more pressing needs such as food, clothing or providing a better education for children.
Nearly 134 students are getting easy access to continue their education
Reducing emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (NO) from the storage and thus contribute to diminishing of global warming
Up gradation of social status
453600 0.454
13 Connecting Road at Niamotpur Village of Bahara Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 25000 BDT for 5 years
47250 Income of 170 no. of vulnerable people has been increased by cash for work @ 300 for 5 days
Total 185 households have ensured their food availability
Presently more than 1000 acre crops are being harvested in low cost and saves BDT 2450000 per year
During flood, disaster around 130 household and more than 540 people and their livestock can move to cyclone shelter easily
Nearly 140 students got smooth access to schools which can increase the flow of education
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of construction, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Security of vulnerable people have been ensured
2705000 57.248
57
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
Products for sale can be easily marketed
14 Connecting Road at Anandapur Boro Hati North Side of Hobibpur Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 25000 BDT for 5 years
117000 Income of 480 no. of vulnerable people has been increased by cash for work @ 300 for 3 days
Total 220 households have ensured their food availability
Presently more than 750 acre crops are being harvested in low cost and saves BDT 1715000 per year
During flood, disaster around 220 household and more than 2500 people and their livestock can move to cyclone shelter easily
Nearly 320 students got smooth access to schools which can increase the flow of education
Products for sale can be easily marketed
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of construction, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Security of vulnerable people have been ensured
2147000 18.350
15 Connecting Road at Anandapur Boro Hati South Side of Hobibpur Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 10000 BDT for 5 years
85875
Income of 355 no. of vulnerable people has been increased by cash for work @ 300 for 3 days
Total 160 households have ensured their food availability
Presently more than 550 acre crops are being harvested in low cost and saves BDT 1575000 per year
During flood, disaster around 170 household and more than 800 people and their livestock can move to cyclone shelter easily
Nearly 70 students got smooth access to schools which can increase the flow of education
Products for sale can be easily marketed
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of construction, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Security of vulnerable people have been ensured
1894500
22.061
16 Connecting Road at Anandapur Moddho Hati of Hobibpur Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 25000
159075 Income of 667 no. of vulnerable people has been increased by cash for work @ 300 for 3 days
Total 170 households have ensured their food availability
Presently more than 2000 acre crops are being harvested in low cost and saves BDT 500000 per year
During flood, disaster around 190 household and more than 870 people and their
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of construction, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Security of vulnerable people have been
1100300 6.916
58
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
BDT for 5 years livestock can move to cyclone shelter easily Nearly 165 students got smooth access to
schools which can increase the flow of education
Products for sale can be easily marketed
ensured
17 Connecting Road at Bahara South Hati of Bahara Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 10000 BDT for 5 years
84875 Income of 355 no. of vulnerable people has been increased by cash for work @ 300 for 3 days
Total 140 households have ensured their food availability
Presently more than 500 acre crops are being harvested in low cost and saves BDT 2410000 per year
During flood, disaster around 130 household and more than 350 people and their livestock can move to cyclone shelter easily
Nearly 120 students got smooth access to schools which can increase the flow of education
Products for sale can be easily marketed
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of construction, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Security of vulnerable people have been ensured
2729500 32.159
18 Connecting Road at Nowashek Hati of Hobibpur Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 15000 BDT for 5 years
64375 Income of 255 no. of vulnerable people has been increased by cash for work @ 300 for 4 days
Total 110 households have ensured their food availability
Presently more than 100 acre crops are being harvested in low cost and saves BDT 400000 per year
During flood, disaster around 100 household and more than 500 people and their livestock can move to cyclone shelter easily
Nearly 50 students got smooth access to schools which can increase the flow of education
Products for sale can be easily marketed
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of construction, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Security of vulnerable people have been ensured
706000 10.966
19 Connecting Road at Noagaon New Hati of Bahara Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015
56900 Income of 247 no. of vulnerable people has been increased by cash for work @ 300 for 3 days
Total 140 households have ensured their food availability
Presently more than 700 acre crops are
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of construction, so their skill,
2027300 35.629
59
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 10000 BDT for 5 years
being harvested in low cost and saves BDT 1805000 per year
During flood, disaster around 62 household and more than 190 people and their livestock can move to cyclone shelter easily
Nearly 70 students got smooth access to schools which can increase the flow of education
Products for sale can be easily marketed
attitude, behavior have been improved
Security of vulnerable people have been ensured
20 Connecting Road at Volanagar Village of Hobibpur Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 7 years Maintenance Cost: 10000 BDT for 5 years
49200 Income of 192 no. of vulnerable people has been increased by cash for work @ 300 for 5 days
Total 80 households have ensured their food availability
Presently more than 500 acre crops are being harvested in low cost and saves BDT 1575000 per year
During flood, disaster around 70 household and more than 350 people and their livestock can move to cyclone shelter easily
Nearly 120 students got smooth access to schools which can increase the flow of education
Products for sale can be easily marketed
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of construction, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Security of vulnerable people have been ensured
1863000 37.865
21 Killa at Kharuwala Village of Sulla Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 25000 BDT for 5 years
985487 Nearly 25 HH (direct beneficiaries) and 120 HH (indirect beneficiaries) are being benefited from these constructed killa.
Total 500 acre lands are available for crop processing during flash flood and save crops from destroyed @ BDT 655000 saved per year
Emergency shelter for people and cattle Killas are used as grazing land for 100 cattle
and crop storing place during flash flood Livestock loss protection of 8 cows due to
flash flood has been reduced at BDT 22700 each cow
Protection of forced sale loss of 14 cows before flash flood due to emergency shelter facilities for livestock at BDT 15500 each cow
Use of the killas for social gathering, cultural event and for children play ground
Knowledge on crop protection from flash flood from of the community people have been improved
Sense of security increase for 145 households
1161600 1.178
60
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
Community people planted 400 trees at edge of killa which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 270 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
22 Killa at Suskahai Village of Hobibpur Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 25000 BDT for 5 years
849400 Nearly 20 HH (direct beneficiaries) and 400 HH (indirect beneficiaries) are being benefited from these constructed killa.
Total 350 acre lands are available for crop processing during flash flood and save crops from destroyed @ BDT 469000 saved per year
Emergency shelter for people and cattle Killas are used as grazing land for 170 cattle
and crop storing place during flash flood Livestock loss protection of 6 cows due to
flash flood has been reduced at BDT 22700 each cow
Protection of forced sale loss of 18 cows before flash flood due to emergency shelter facilities for livestock at BDT 15500 each cow
Community people planted 400 trees at edge of killa which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 270 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Use of the killas for social gathering, cultural event and for children play ground
Knowledge on crop protection from flash flood from of the community people have been improved
Sense of security increase for 145 households
992200 1.168
23 Killa at Anandapur Village of Hobibpur Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 25000 BDT for 5 years
3624332 Nearly 32 HH (direct beneficiaries) and 320 HH (indirect beneficiaries) are being benefited from these constructed killa.
Total 700 acre lands are available for crop processing during flash flood and save crops from destroyed @ BDT 1203000 saved per year
Emergency shelter for people and cattle Killas are used as grazing land for 200 cattle
and crop storing place during flash flood Livestock loss protection of 10 cows due to
flash flood has been reduced at BDT 22700 each cow
Protection of forced sale loss of 23 cows before flash flood due to emergency shelter facilities for livestock at BDT 15500 each
Use of the killas for social gathering, cultural event and for children play ground
Knowledge on crop protection from flash flood from of the community people have been improved
Sense of security increase for 145 households
1871600 0.567
61
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
cow Community people planted 1000 trees at
edge of killa which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 270 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
24 Killa at Beduarkanda Village of Bahara Union in Sunamgonj District Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 25000 BDT for 5 years
2361188 Nearly 34 HH (direct beneficiaries) and 300 HH (indirect beneficiaries) are being benefited from these constructed killa.
Total 250 acre lands are available for crop processing during flash flood and save crops from destroyed @ BDT 483000 saved per year
Emergency shelter for people and cattle Killas are used as grazing land for 150 cattle
and crop storing place during flash flood Livestock loss protection of 7 cows due to
flash flood has been reduced at BDT 22700 each cow
Protection of forced sale loss of 16 cows before flash flood due to emergency shelter facilities for livestock at BDT 15500 each cow
Community people planted 600 trees at edge of killa which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 270 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Use of the killas for social gathering, cultural event and for children play ground
Knowledge on crop protection from flash flood from of the community people have been improved
Sense of security increase for 145 households
1051900 0.445
25 Ground Raising Shuhuree High School in Golkhali Union of Golachipa Upazila in Patuakhali district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 30000 BDT for 5 years
677653 Total 300 acre lands are available for crop processing during flood
Suffering from diseases due to flood have been reduced
Livestock loss protection of 10 cows for each disaster has been reduced at BDT 25000 each cow (2 disaster estimated in next 5)
Protection of forced sale loss of 13 cows in each disaster @ 2 disaster estimated in next 5 years due to emergency shelter facilities for livestock at BDT 18600 each cow
Community people planted 120 trees in raised grounds which are free from
Knowledge on DRR like flash flood from of the community people has been increased
Educational environment has improved
Concentration of disease like water borne, diarrhea, etc have been controlled
It’s ensured at least 1100 to 1500 people and their cattle take temporary shelter here
The school ground is used for social gathering,
578000
0.778
62
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
school annual activity and for children play ground
26 Ground Raising Boromolla Primary School in Golkhali Union of Golachipa Upazila in Patuakhali district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 30000 BDT for 5 years
186819 Total 700 acre lands are available for crop processing during flood
Suffering from diseases due to flood have been reduced
Livestock loss protection of 14 cows for each disaster has been reduced at BDT 25000 each cow (2 disaster estimated in next 5)
Protection of forced sale loss of 18 cows in each disaster @ 2 disaster estimated in next 5 years due to emergency shelter facilities for livestock at BDT 18600 each cow
Community people planted 120 trees in raised grounds which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Knowledge on DRR like flash flood from of the community people has been increased
Educational environment has improved
Concentration of disease like water borne, diarrhea, etc have been controlled
It’s ensured at least 1900 to 2500 people and their cattle take temporary shelter here
The school ground is used for social gathering, school annual activity and for children play ground
720800 3.858
27 Ground Raising Panpotti High School in Panpotti Union of Golachipa Upazila in Patuakhali district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 30000 BDT for 5 years
779895 Total 270 acre lands are available for crop processing during flood
Suffering from diseases due to flood have been reduced
Livestock loss protection of 7 cows for each disaster has been reduced at BDT 25000 each cow (2 disaster estimated in next 5)
Protection of forced sale loss of 10 cows in each disaster @ 2 disaster estimated in next 5 years due to emergency shelter facilities for livestock at BDT 18600 each cow
Community people planted 120 trees in raised grounds which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Knowledge on DRR like flash flood from of the community people has been increased
Educational environment has improved
Concentration of disease like water borne, diarrhea, etc have been controlled
It’s ensured at least 1000 to 1200 people and their cattle take temporary shelter here
The school ground is used for social gathering, school annual activity and for children play ground
397000 0.509
28 Ground Raising Saleha High School in Rangabali Union of Golachipa Upazila in Patuakhali district
104413 Total 100 acre lands are available for crop processing during flood
Suffering from diseases due to flood have been reduced
Knowledge on DRR like flash flood from of the community people has been increased
465600 4.459
63
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 30000 BDT for 5 years
Livestock loss protection of 9 cows for each disaster has been reduced at BDT 25000 each cow (2 disaster estimated in next 5)
Protection of forced sale loss of 11 cows in each disaster @ 2 disaster estimated in next 5 years due to emergency shelter facilities for livestock at BDT 18600 each cow
Community people planted 120 trees in raised grounds which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Educational environment has improved
Concentration of disease like water borne, diarrhea, etc have been controlled
It’s ensured at least 800 to 1000 people and their cattle take temporary shelter here
The school ground is used for social gathering, school annual activity and for children play ground
29 Ground Raising Gobindra Chandra Girls School in Bahara Union of Sulla Upazila in Sunamgonj district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 30000 BDT for 5 years
216920 Total 80 acre lands are available for crop processing during flash flood
Suffering from diseases due to flood have been reduced
Livestock loss protection of 6 cows due to flash flood has been reduced at BDT 22700 each cow
Protection of forced sale loss of 10 cows before flash flood due to emergency shelter facilities for livestock at BDT 15500 each cow
Community people planted 300 trees in raised grounds which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 270 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Knowledge on DRR like flash flood from of the community people has been increased
Educational environment has improved
Concentration of disease like water borne, diarrhea, etc have been controlled
It’s ensured at least 700 to 1300 people and their cattle take temporary shelter here
The school ground is used for social gathering, school annual activity and for children play ground
372200 1.715
30 Ground Raising Sulla Madrasha in Sulla Union in Sunamgonj district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 10 years Maintenance Cost: 30000 BDT for 5 years
532852 Total 300 acre lands are available for crop processing during flash flood
Suffering from diseases due to flood have been reduced
Livestock loss protection of 9 cows due to flash flood has been reduced at BDT 22700 each cow
Protection of forced sale loss of 17 cows before flash flood due to emergency shelter facilities for livestock at BDT 15500 each
Knowledge on DRR like flash flood from of the community people has been increased
Educational environment has improved
Concentration of disease like water borne, diarrhea, etc have been controlled
It’s ensured at least 1100
521800 0.979
64
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
cow Community people planted 200 trees in
raised grounds which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 270 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
to 1600 people and their cattle take temporary shelter here
The school ground is used for social gathering, school annual activity and for children play ground
31 Rainwater Harvesting Unit in Romjannagar Union of Shyamnagar Upazila in Satkhira district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 5 years Maintenance Cost: 15000 BDT for 5 years
136273 55 HHs access to 220 liter drinking water for 180 days after rainy season per year @ 5 years benefits 1 liter water @ Tk 0.50
Reducing the incidences of water borne diseases outburst for 2 episodes in a year for 275 community people @ average treatment cost for each episode Tk 700 and will benefit such scale for next 5 years
Disease concentration has been decreased and at least 275 people are secured from water borne diseases
Safe drinking water for at least 55 vulnerable HHs are ensured
Nutritional status has been improved
414700
2.970
32 Deep Tube Well in Sulla Bazar of Sulla Union in Sunamgonj district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 5 years Maintenance Cost: 10000 BDT for 5 years
83340 Approximately 50 HHs including shopkeeper collect 20 liter water for their daily use for 365 days and saves Tk one for per liter
Reducing the incidences of water borne diseases outburst for 2 episodes in a year for 300 community people @ average treatment cost for each episode Tk 450 and will benefit such scale for next 5 years
Ensure safe drinking water for Sulla bazaar
300 community people of the area are protected from water borne diseases
307300 3.327
33 Deep Tube Well with Double Hand Pump in Koyra Union of Khulna district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 5 years Maintenance Cost: 10000 BDT for 5 years
94886 Approximately 82 HHs collect 20 liter water for their daily use for 365 days and saves Tk 0.50 for per liter
Reducing the incidences of water borne diseases outburst for 2 episodes in a year for 410 community people @ average treatment cost for each episode Tk 350 and will benefit such scale for next 5 years
Ensure safe drinking water for Sulla bazaar
410 community people of the area are protected from water borne diseases
290650 3.063
34 Community Toilet come Biogas Plant in Horinkhola Village of Koyra Upazila in Khulna district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 5 years
182000 Total 38 HHs are getting the biogas facility without any expenses.
Now each family can save around 400 TK monthly on their fuel costs, which is Tk 182400 per year.
Reducing the incidences of airborne diseases outburst for 3 episodes in a year for 220 community people @ average
220 community people of the area are protected from contagious diseases
human wastes are being converted to energy for use by households for heating and saving on cutting down of plants
413400 2.271
65
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
Maintenance Cost: 10000 BDT for 5 years
treatment cost for each episode Tk 350 and will benefit such scale for next 5 years
The savings are being used for more pressing needs such as food, clothing or providing a better education for children.
Behavioral attitude of community people has been improved
35 Wooden Bridge in Golachipa Upazila of Patuakhali district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 5 years Maintenance Cost: 30000 BDT for 5 years
771501 Total 75 households have ensured their food availability
Presently more than 400 acre crops are being harvested in low cost and saves BDT 805000 per year
During flood, disaster more than 1200 people and their livestock can move to cyclone shelter easily
Nearly 134 students got smooth access to schools which can increase the flow of education
Products for sale can be easily marketed
Increase of knowledge on DRR options
Community people proactively participated in the whole process of construction, so their skill, attitude, behavior have been improved
Security of vulnerable people have been ensured
805000 1.043
36
Amlibaria Pond Re-Excavation in Rangabali Union of Golachipa Upazila in Patuakhali district Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 5 years Maintenance Cost: 15000 BDT for 5 years
366098 Approximately 52 HHs collect 30 liter water for their daily use for 365 days and saves Tk 0.50 for per liter
Reducing the incidences of water borne diseases outburst for 2 episodes in a year for 260 community people @ average treatment cost for each episode Tk 400 and will benefit such scale for next 5 years
Water logging for each disaster is reduced @ Tk 100000 per disaster (it’s estimated 2 disasters in next 5 years )
Irrigation cost for agricultural production is reduced @ Tk 75000 per season
Women of 15 families of the community cultivate vegetable at pond bank @ BDT 72000 benefits for 15 families per year
At least 60 trees were planted which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Disease concentration has been decreased and at least 260 people are secured from water borne diseases
Nutritional status has been improved by consuming vegetables at canal bank
Tree plantation at canal bank reduce carbon emission largely
541475 1.511
37 Kachibunia Pond Re-excavation in Rangabali Union of Golachipa Upazila in Patuakhali district
364386 Approximately 48 HHs collect 28 liter water for their daily use for 365 days and saves Tk 0.50 for per liter
Reducing the incidences of water borne diseases outburst for 2 episodes in a year
Disease concentration has been decreased and at least 240 people are secured from water borne diseases
556710 1.527
66
SN Name of the Project Expenditure
Items
Total Cost of the Project
Benefits of the Project Benefit-Cost ratio
Tangible Intangible Amount (BDT)
Completion Year: 2015 Durability: 5 years Maintenance Cost: 15000 BDT for 5 years
for 240 community people @ average treatment cost for each episode Tk 400 and will benefit such scale for next 5 years
Water logging for each disaster is reduced @ Tk 120000 per disaster (it’s estimated 2 disasters in next 5 years )
Irrigation cost for agricultural production is reduced @ Tk 82000 per season
Women of 12 families of the community cultivate vegetable at pond bank @ BDT 57600 benefits for 12 families per year
At least 60 trees were planted which are free from damages and calculated at BDT 300 per tree as their benefits after 5 year
Nutritional status has been improved by consuming vegetables at canal bank
Tree plantation at canal bank reduce carbon emission largely
