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Review ~ Data & DisplaysChapters 1-6
• Key Terms:– Data : Categorical versus Quantitative– Frequency Table/Contingency Table/Marginal
Distribution/Conditional Distribution/Independence– Stem & Leaf Plot– Distribution: Center/Shape/Spread– Boxplots: 5 Number Summary/Median/IQR/ Outliers– Standard Deviation/Z-Scores/Normal Model/ Standard
Normal Model/N(?,?)
Review ~ Linear RegressionChapters 7-10
• Scatterplots ~ direction, form & scatter– Variables: explanatory & response– Correlation: r, r-squared, strength & direction. Z-
score world versus slope.
• Linear Model ~ equation, interpretation, residuals
• Problems– Extrapolation, lurking variables– Outliers & influential points/leverage
• Re-Expression & Ladder of Powers
Review ~ Experimental DesignChapters 11-13
• Types of studies– Census, sample survey, experiment, observational
• Survey Types– Population, samples, SRS, stratified, cluster,
systematic– Bias: voluntary, convenience, undercoverage,
nonresponse, response
• Experiments– Retrospective, prospective, factors, experimental
units, bias, confounding vs. lurking, placebo, blinding, blocking, matched pairs, causation
Review ~ ProbabilityChapters 14 - 16
• Random & long-run– Trial, outcome, sample space
• Law of Large Numbers• Probability Rules
– Complement, Addition Rule, Multiplication Rule, Disjoint, Independent, Conditional
• Random Variables– Expected Value, Standard Deviation,
Operations (Add/Subtract means & S. D.)
• CLT ~ Conditions & interpretation– Normal Model– Proportions
• Statistical Inference ~ Proportions– Confidence Intervals
• Conditions/Calculations/Interpretations
– Hypothesis Tests• Hypothesis/Conditions/Calculations/Interpretations
Review ~ Central Limit TheoremChapters 17-22
Test Tips • Multiple Choice
– Underline key words in the question– Eliminate answers– Draw Pictures– Guess only if you can eliminate some choices
• Free Response– Answer the question as asked in context (underline)– Don’t Panic ~ 1 question won’t kill you.– Answer the easier questions first– Leave enough time for the IT!– Draw Pictures– Use statistical language correctly– Decimal Places (2 for z-score, 4 for p-value)