Review for Genetics Test

1

• The observed trait that appears in an organism as a result of its’ genetic makeup is called an organisms_____________.

• phenotype

2

• IF R= round and r= wrinkled, cross a homozygous dominant with a heterozygous, what will be the phenotypic ration of the offspring?

• 100% round

3

• If a female fruit fly heterozygous for red eyes XRXr crossed with a white eyed male XrY what percentage of their offspring would have white eyes?

• 50% will have white eyes

4

• How many chromosomes are in the body cell of an organism that has a haploid number of 8?

• 16

5

• Diploid relates to “somatic” as haploid relates to_____________.

• gamete

6

• Trisomy is a mutation that results in a cell having an extra _____________.

• Chromosome

7

• Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their ________.

• Growth rate

8

• An organism has a haploid number of 5 How many chromosomes will be in each of their body cells?

• 10

9

• The chromosome number associated with an organism’s somatic cells is 12. How many chromosomes will this organism produce in its gametes after Meiosis?

• 6

10

• Apoptosis is __________.

• Programmed cell death

11

• Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing genes that code for _____________.

• The same traits

12

• Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of __________.

• 4 genetically different cells

13

• People with Down Syndrome have how many chromosomes in their body cells?

• 47

14

• The 2nd phase of interphase is called S for synthesis, why is this a good name for this stage?

• Because DNA synthesis takes place, each chromosome makes an identical copy

15

• If nondisjunction occurs ________.

• A gamete will receive too many or too few chromosomes, result is called aneuploidy

16

• What type of karyotype is this?

• Normal female

17

• What type of karyotype is this?

• Female with Turner syndrome

18

• What type of karyotype is this?

• Male with Down Syndrome

19

• Normal gametes contain?

• 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome

20

• What are the two sex chromosomes in a human male?

• XY

21

• What are the two sex chromosomes for a human female?

• XX

22

• Name the genetic disorder-• Autosomal recessive disorder of the

hemoglobin gene. This disorder results in crescent shaped red blood cells that can get lodged in the vessels and can cause severe pain.

• Sickle Cell Anemia

23

• Name the genetic disorder• Rare autosomal recessive disorder that is

caused by an error in the metabolism of either lipids or amino acids causing them to build up in the brain causing severe mental impairments

• Tay-sachs or PKU

24

• Name the genetic disorder• Autosomal recessive disorder that results in a

mucus build up in the lungs which causes the patient to have breathing and oxygen issues.

• Cystic Fibrosis

25

• Name the genetic disorder• Sex-linked recessive disorder effecting the

clotting factors of the blood.

• Hemophilia

26

• Name the genetic disorder• Autosomal dominant disorder in which adults

are typically the victims. The disorder is a degenerative disorder that causes a range of brain abnormalities later in life.

• Huntington’s Disease

27• If individual III-2 marries a person with the

same genotype as individual II-4 what is the chance that one of their children will be afflicted with hemophilia?

• 50%

28• Individuals II-1 and II-4 are classified as___.

• Carriers