Review: Introduction to Review: Introduction to World HistoryWorld History

• Post-War Europe, 1919-1939Post-War Europe, 1919-1939• Italy and the Rise of FascismItaly and the Rise of Fascism• Germany (Weimar Republic and Nazism)Germany (Weimar Republic and Nazism)• United States/Latin America/Middle EastUnited States/Latin America/Middle East• Japan and ChinaJapan and China• StalinStalin’’s Russias Russia• Spanish Civil WarSpanish Civil War• Road to War: AppeasementRoad to War: Appeasement• Crises in Austria and CzechoslovakiaCrises in Austria and Czechoslovakia

Review Session: Review Session: ReadingsReadings

• Readings you will be responsible for on Readings you will be responsible for on the exam:the exam:

• Readings from Readings from Sources of Twentieh Sources of Twentieh Century Global HistoryCentury Global History: pp. 109-165; : pp. 109-165; 221-253. 221-253.

• J.A.S. Grenville, J.A.S. Grenville, A History of the WorldA History of the World: : Chapters 15-27.Chapters 15-27.

Post-War EuropePost-War Europe• Paris Peace Conference, 1919-1920: Paris Peace Conference, 1919-1920:

Peace Treaties: Versailles, Trianon, etc.Peace Treaties: Versailles, Trianon, etc.• New Europe vs. Old Europe: How the New Europe vs. Old Europe: How the

map of Europe changes (geographically map of Europe changes (geographically and politically)and politically)

• Liberalism and alternative Liberalism and alternative political/economic systems: Communism, political/economic systems: Communism, Fascism, Authoritarianism (examples?)Fascism, Authoritarianism (examples?)

Fate of Great Power Fate of Great Power systemsystem

• Italy in the post-war era: rise of fascism Italy in the post-war era: rise of fascism (causes and consequences, 1919-1939(causes and consequences, 1919-1939

• Crisis of liberalism: Fiume, Factory Crisis of liberalism: Fiume, Factory Occupation movement, 1919-1920.Occupation movement, 1919-1920.

• What is fascism? Sources of fascist What is fascism? Sources of fascist doctrine (futurism, syndicalism, doctrine (futurism, syndicalism, corporatism, statism…)corporatism, statism…)

• Transforming Italy: Role of Mussolini?Transforming Italy: Role of Mussolini?

GermanyGermany• Germany in the post-war era: rise of Germany in the post-war era: rise of

Nazism, Weimar interlude. Nazism, Weimar interlude. • Define Weimar Republic and know about Define Weimar Republic and know about

political, economic, social circumstances political, economic, social circumstances which gave rise to extremist movements.which gave rise to extremist movements.

• Political parties: SPD, KPD, NSDAP.Political parties: SPD, KPD, NSDAP.• ““Golden Age of WeimarGolden Age of Weimar””, 1924-1929, 1924-1929

Germany, cont.Germany, cont.• NSDAP/Nazi movement: Ideology and NSDAP/Nazi movement: Ideology and

activities.activities.• Elements of ideology: statism, Social Elements of ideology: statism, Social

Darwinism, Racism, Anti-Marxist, Anti-Darwinism, Racism, Anti-Marxist, Anti-Liberal.Liberal.

• Role of Hitler and Nazi leaders (S.A., Role of Hitler and Nazi leaders (S.A., S.S., propaganda methods. S.S., propaganda methods.

• Mein kampf Mein kampf (1925) (1925)

Europe from 1919-1929Europe from 1919-1929• What impact does U.S. economy have on What impact does U.S. economy have on

Europe after WWI?Europe after WWI?

World Outside EuropeWorld Outside Europe• United States in post-war eraUnited States in post-war era• Prohibition, Prohibition, ““Roaring TwentiesRoaring Twenties””, ,

Economic prosperity and political Economic prosperity and political isolationism.isolationism.

• Great Depression, 1929Great Depression, 1929• F.D. Roosevelt and the F.D. Roosevelt and the ““New DealNew Deal””, 1932-, 1932-

19451945• ““Good NeighborGood Neighbor”” policy policy

Latin AmericaLatin America• Mexico: PRI, independence from Europe Mexico: PRI, independence from Europe

and USand US• Depression in L.A., 1929-Depression in L.A., 1929-• Liberalism and Fascism in L.A. (Brazil)Liberalism and Fascism in L.A. (Brazil)

Middle EastMiddle East• Imperial Interests: Sykes-Picot, Balfour Imperial Interests: Sykes-Picot, Balfour

Declaration, Post-war treatiesDeclaration, Post-war treaties• Modern Turkey – Mustafa Pasha/Kemal Modern Turkey – Mustafa Pasha/Kemal

AtaturkAtaturk• Imperial role of European powers: Imperial role of European powers:

France and Great Britain.France and Great Britain.

Japan and ChinaJapan and China• Japanese expansion, 1920s and 1930sJapanese expansion, 1920s and 1930s• Japanese imperialism in Korea and in Japanese imperialism in Korea and in

surrounding (Pacific) areassurrounding (Pacific) areas• Manchukuo, 1932Manchukuo, 1932• ““Rape of NankingRape of Nanking””, 1937, 1937

ChinaChina• Sun Yat-SenSun Yat-Sen’’s s ““Three PeopleThree People’’s Principless Principles””

• KuomintangKuomintang’’s efforts to unify Chinas efforts to unify China• Formation of PCC, 1921Formation of PCC, 1921• ““Northern ExpeditionNorthern Expedition””, 1927, 1927• Response to Japanese invasionResponse to Japanese invasion

Soviet Union, 1924-Soviet Union, 1924-19391939

• Russia in the post- Civil War eraRussia in the post- Civil War era• Main features of StalinMain features of Stalin’’s s

political/economic system (political/economic system (““Socialism in Socialism in one countryone country””))

• StalinStalin’’s foreign policys foreign policy

Spanish Civil WarSpanish Civil War• Second Republic, 1931-1936Second Republic, 1931-1936• Civil War, 1936-1939Civil War, 1936-1939• Franco and Nationalists (relations with Franco and Nationalists (relations with

Germany and Italy)Germany and Italy)• Non-Intervention and its impactNon-Intervention and its impact

Inter-war Crises: Inter-war Crises: Anschluss/CzechoslovakiaAnschluss/Czechoslovakia

• GermanyGermany’’s annexation of Austria, 1938s annexation of Austria, 1938• HitlerHitler’’s efforts to annex Sudetenland, s efforts to annex Sudetenland,

19381938• Fate of Czechoslovakia (Munich Fate of Czechoslovakia (Munich

Agreement, September, 1938)Agreement, September, 1938)• Invasion of Czechoslovakia, March, 1939Invasion of Czechoslovakia, March, 1939• End of End of ““AppeasementAppeasement””? Anglo-Polish ? Anglo-Polish

guarantee, March, 1939.guarantee, March, 1939.

War clouds…War clouds…• Soviet-German relations, 1938-1939Soviet-German relations, 1938-1939• Ribbentrop-Molotov treaty of non-Ribbentrop-Molotov treaty of non-

aggression.aggression.• Germany’s plans for Poland.Germany’s plans for Poland.• Anglo-French response to German Anglo-French response to German

invasion of Poland.invasion of Poland.

Beginning phase of Beginning phase of WWIIWWII

• Invasion of Poland, September, 1939Invasion of Poland, September, 1939• Russo-Finnish War, Nov., 1939- March, Russo-Finnish War, Nov., 1939- March,

1940.1940.• Scandinavian conflict, April-May, 1940Scandinavian conflict, April-May, 1940