Review of Roots 271-280

Test over All 280 Roots:Tomorrow (Friday, December

4th)

271. “vic”

271. “vic” = substitute/change

271. “vic” : substitute/change

• vicarious (adjective): felt or undergone as if one were taking part in the experience or feelings of another

• Etymology: Latin “vicārius” = substituted from “vicis” = interchange

Example A

271. “vic”: substitute/change

• Usage: “I watched the roller coaster video and experienced vicarious thrills.”

Example A

271. “vic”: substitute/change

• vicissitude (noun): a change or variation; one of the sudden or unexpected changes or shifts often encountered in one's life, activities, or surroundings

• Etymology: Latin “vicissitude,” from “vicissim,” in turn, probably from “vices,” pl. of “vix” = change

Example B

271. “vic”: substitute/change

Usage: “Old age is not a disease. It is strength and survivorship, triumph over all kinds of vicissitudes and disappointments, trials and illnesses.” (Maggie Kuhn)

Example B

272. “vice”

272. “vice” : substitute/change

272. “vice” : substitute/change

• vice president (noun): an officer ranking next below a president, usually empowered to assume the president's duties under conditions such as absence, illness, or death.

• etymology: Latin “vice” = substituted/changed

Example A

272. “vice”: substitute

Usage: "In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve upon the Vice President.” (Article II, Section I of the Constitution of the United States)

Example A

272. “vice”: substitute

• vice versa (adverb): with the order or meaning reversed

• etymology: from Latin: “vice” (substitute) + “vers” (past participle of vert = turn)

Example B

272. “vice”: substitute

• Usage: “Discipline is wisdom, and vice versa.” (M. Scott Peck)

Example B

272. “vice”: substitute

• SPECIAL NOTE: In this case, using “vice versa” literally would create a chiasmus:“Discipline is wisdom, and wisdom is discipline.”

Example B

273. “vid”

273. “vid”: see

273. “vid”: see

• “Veni. Vidi. Vici.”• Remember the following roots:• “ven” = “come”• “vid” = “see”• “vic” = substitute/change• The translation, therefore, of

this phrase is “I came. I saw. I conquered.”

Example A

273. “vid”: see

• avid (adjective): having an ardent desire or unbounded craving; greedy

• etymology: Latin “a” = toward + “vid” = see

Example B

273. “vid”: see

• Usage: “Ashley Judd is an avid University of Kentucky basketball fan.”

Example B

274. “vis”

274. “vis” = see

274. “vis” = see

• vis-à-vis (adverb): face-to-face• Etymology: Literally, the Latin

phrase translates as “seeing-to-seeing.”

Example A

274. “vis” = see

Usage: “These passengers rode vis-à-vis.”

Example A

274. “vis” = see

• visage (noun): the face or facial expression of a person; countenance

• etymology: from Latin “visus” (a look, vision)

Example B

274. “vis” = see

Usage: Marilyn Monroe’s famous visage has sparked a renaissance of the Hollywood glamour look of the 1950s.

Example B

275. “viv”

275. “viv” = live

275. “viv” = live

•vivacious (adjective): full of animation and spirit•etymology: from Latin vivere = “to live”

Example A

275. “viv” = live

Usage: Coach Ball is known for his vivacious personality.

Example A

275. “viv” = live

•convivial (adjective): merry, festive•Etymology: Latin, literally “con” = “with” + “viv” = “life”

Example B

275. “viv” = live

Usage: “There was a convivial atmosphere at the Harlan City Schools’ block party in August.”

Example B

276. “voc”

276. “voc” = call, voice

276. “voc” = call, voice

•vocabulary (noun): list of words with explanations•Etymology: Latin vocabulum = "word, name, noun," from vocare "to name, call”

Example A

276. “voc” = call, voice

Usage: “A vocabulary of truth and simplicity will be of service throughout our life.” (Sir Winston Churchill)

Example A

276. “voc” = call, voice

•advocate (noun): one that argues or speaks for a cause; a supporter•etymology: Latin “ad” = “toward” + “voc” = “call”

Example B

276. “voc” = call, voice

Usage: Harlan High School is an advocate of educational excellence.

Example B

277. “voke”

277. “voke” = call, voice

277. “voke” = call, voice

•evoke (verb): to summon or call forth•Etymology: “e” = “ex” = “out” + “voke” = “call, voice”

Example A

277. “voke” = call, voice

Usage: “Good writing [e.g., A Tale of Two Cities] is supposed to evoke sensation in the reader - not the fact that it is raining, but the feeling of being rained upon.” (E.L. Doctorow)

Example A

277. “voke” = call, voice

•provoke (verb): to bring about deliberately; deduce•etymology: Latin “pro” = “toward” + “voke” = “call”

Example B

277. “voke” = call, voice

Usage: “A destruction, an annihilation that only man can provoke, only man can prevent.” (Elie Wiesel, author of Night)

Example B

278. “vol”

278. “vol” = wish, will

278. “vol” = wish, will

•voluntary (adjective): done or undertaken of one's own free will•etymology: Latin “vol” = “to wish; see”

Example A

278. “vol” = wish, will

Usage: "Ignorance, when it is voluntary, is criminal; and he may be properly charged with evil who refused to learn how he might prevent it.” (Samuel Johnson)

Example A

278. “vol” = wish, will

•benevolence (noun): good will•etymology: Latin “bene” = “good” + “vol” = will

Example B

278. “vol” = wish, will

Usage: “Mother Teresa’s benevolence was one of the reasons she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979.”

Example B

278. “vol” = wish, will

•Voldemort (noun): a fictional character and the primary antagonist in the Harry Potter novel series written by British author J. K. Rowling•etymology: “vol” = “wish” + “mort” = “death”

Example C

278. “vol” = wish, willExample C

Usage: “Throughout the J.K. Rowling series, Voldemort has one desire: the death of Harry Potter.”

279. “volv”

279. “volv” = roll

279. “volv” = roll

•revolve (verb): to orbit a central point•etymology: Latin “re” = “back” + “volvere” = “to roll”

Example A

279. “volv” = roll

•Usage:

Example A

279. “volv” = rollExample B

•volume (noun): a collection of written or printed sheets bound together; a book•etymology: Latin “volumen” = “roll of writing” from “volvere” = “to roll”

279. “volv” = rollExample B

Usage: “Although volume upon volume is written to prove slavery a very good thing, we never hear of the man who wishes to take the good of it by being a slave himself.” (Abraham Lincoln)

280. “zo”

280. “zo” = animal

280. “zo” = animalExample A

•zoanthropy (noun): a form of mania in which a man imagines himself to be another type of beast •etymology: Latin “zo” = “animal” + “anthrop” = “man”

280. “zo” = animalExample A

Usage: “The man, who had been diagnosed with zoanthropy, literally believed he was a bull.”

280. “zo” = animalExample B

•zodiac (noun): In astrology, this band divided into 12 equal parts called signs, each 30° wide, bearing the name of a constellation for which it was originally named but with which it no longer coincides owing to the precession of the equinoxes.•etymology: from Gk. zodiakos (kyklos) "zodiac (circle)," lit. "circle of little animals”

280. “zo” = animalExample B