3 motivators in excelling the investigation of photography:

1.Financial gain

2.Scientific curiosity

3.Artistic needs

The story of photography really begins with the camera obscura (c. 1580 AD).

camera obscura light entering through a small hole in the wall of a darkened room casts an inverted image of the scene outside on the opposite wall.

The advantage of this technique is that the PERSPECTIVE is right,

Canaletto

In the 1720’s it was commonly believed that silver compounds would darken when exposed to HEAT.

Schulze was able to deduce that heat was not the element that caused the image to blacken but LIGHT was the culprit.

He was not successful in creating a permanent

image, but his investigations contributed to the development of photography in the nineteenth century. was not successful

This is what is sooooooo important about him!!!!!

Thomas Wedgwood: the Godfather of Photography

Wedgwood

was not successful

at fixing the image!!!

• A _________ is a photograph made without a camera or a lens by placing an object or an object on top of a piece of paper that has been coated with a light-sensitive material and then is exposed to a light source, (natural sunlight is the traditional light source, but UV lamps can also be used.)

photogramsalso referred to as

PHOTOGENIC DRAWINGS

Anna AtkinsExample from British Algae

Anna Atkins (1799-1871)

Atkins leaned directly about the invention of photography through her correspondence with Fox Talbot but learned the cyanotype printing method through its inventor, Sir John Herschel who was a family friend.

Her most valuable work was Titled British Algae This was one of the first uses of light-sensitive materials to illustrate a book.

•She could be •called the first •female •photographer.

Cyanotype Anna Atkins

first actual image: view from a window

made in 1826 by Nice’phore Nie’pce

(KNEE-eeps)

The exposure lasted eight hours,

first known photograph.

Louis-Jacques-Mande’ Daguerre

A Parisisen Dandy

THE DIORAMA

♥ Vary large paintings (72 feet long/14high) of famous places painted on transparent linen which gave a spectacular effect when lit by combinations of light from in front and behind:

•use his Camera Obscura to help to the draw scenery for his theatre

He regularly used a camera obscura as an aid to painting in perspective.

He made an important discovery by accident.

This important discovery that a Latent image

KEY INGREDIENT TO AMPLIFICATION OF THE LATENT IMAGE:

MERCURY

1839, January 9th THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE DAGUERREOTYPE

His process was patent by the French GovernmentAnd on

August 19, 1839: Publication of a brochure explaining every step of the process.

This sent dozen of hopeful photographers to shops to buy the boxes, lenses, plates, and chemicals necessary to make daguerreotypes.

Daguerreotype 1839-1850 ☺PLEASE TAKE NOTE OF THESE DATES☺

First photo. Containing human figure.

A Daguerreotype taken by Daguerre.

French Daguerreotypes: 1839 – 1855

BECAME THE FIRST COMMERCIALLY USED PHOTGRAPHIC PROCESS

The early daguerreotypes had several drawbacks.

•the length of the exposure necessary all but ruled out portraiture.

•the image was laterally reversed (as one sees oneself in a mirror).

The result was often stylized series of positions and attitudes Portraits and thus reflected

the method not the medium.

As a result of the length of exposure

•it was very fragile. And perhaps most limiting of all, it was a "once only" system (UNIQUE)Angle of incidence: Instead, it is an image exposed directly onto a mirror-polished surface of silver.

Other stuff:

•It was expansive

•The toxicity of the material…mm mercury yummy!! Better yet, how about a little cyanide with that photograph?

Q&A: Is this statement true or false?The daguerreotype requires no knowledge of drawing…and that anyone may succeed and perform as well as the author of the invention.

♥ Even though they enjoyed commercial success they were more expensive than paper prints.

Having a daguerreotype taken was expensive.

The first daguerreotypes taken were mostly wealthy folk.

This wealthy lady looks like she is have a grand time!

                                                        

The HEAD REST.The headrest was an essential piece of equipment in the

nineteenth century portrait studio.

.

Full plate daguerreotype of group. It was unusual for people to take large group photos such as this in 1850. 

                           

French Daguerreotypes: 1839 – 1855.

Bayard!!! Self-portrait as a dying man. Could be considered the very first self-portrait.

CC1.  CHUCK CLOSE' SELF-PORTRAIT I-V ',  2002

Five digital Iris prints on Crane Museo paper with screened varnishEach signed, dated, and numbered "Chuck Close 2002 2/30" in pencil along the

lower edge (recto)