Revisiting Specialisation and the Sexual Division of …...Revisiting Specialisation and the Sexual...

RevisitingSpecialisationandtheSexualDivisionofLabour(HILDA)

1.  Overview

2.  Motivation

3.  SI1

4.  ADescriptiveProfileofSpecialisation

5.  SI2&SI3

6.  IsSpecialisationConsistentwithAAinDomesticorMarketWork?

7.  NextStepsRhiannonDavies&Assoc.Prof.PeterSiminski(UniversityofTechnologySydney)

1.  Firststudytofacilitateadirectmeasureofspecialisation,combining

informationaboutpaidworkanddomesticworkfrombothcouple

membersintoasingleindexofspecialisation.

2.  Firststudytoconsiderabsoluteadvantageinthelabour-market

alongsideabsoluteadvantageinthehousehold(i.e.sex)as

determinantsofcomparativeadvantage.

�  Initialfindings:absoluteadvantageinthelabour-marketisbecoming

increasinglyimportantintermsofhowcouplesallocatetheirtime,

relativetoasexualdivisionoflabour.

1.   Overview

2.  Motivation

3.  SI1


5.  SI2&SI3


7.  NextSteps

Becker(1981)“Ifwomenhaveacomparativeadvantageovermen

inthehouseholdsectorwhentheymakethesameinvestmentsin

human capital, an efficient household with both sexes would

allocate the time of womenmainly to the household sector and

thetimeofmenmainlytothemarketsector”(p.22)

Howcanwemeasurespecialisationinsame-sexhouseholds?

1.  Overview

2.   Motivation

3.  SI1


5.  SI2&SI3


7.  NextSteps

Limitationsofcurrentmeasuresofspecialisation:

�  Studiesmeasuringspecialisationusingalabour-marketproxy:

Hersch&Stratton(2000)Jepsen&Jepsen(2005),Antecol&

Steinberger(2013),Giddingsetal.(2014),Jepsen&Jepsen(2015)

�  Studiesmeasuringspecialisationusingtime-useinputsfromthe

householdonly:Stratton(2005),Bonkeetal.(2008),Notmeyer

(2011)

�  Descriptiveprofilesofspecialisation:Blacketal.(2007),Juhn&McCue(2017)

1.  Overview

2.   Motivation

3.  SI1


5.  SI2&SI3


7.  NextSteps

SI1=| 𝐿𝐹𝑆↓1 − 𝐻𝑊𝑆↓1 |

LFS1=ShareofmarketworkdonebyPartner1HWS1=ShareofhouseworkdonebyPartner1

1.  Overview

2.  Motivation

3.   SI1


5.  SI2&SI3


7.  NextSteps

1.  Overview

2.  Motivation

3.  SI1

4.   ADescriptiveProfileofSpecialisation

5.  SI2&SI3


7.  NextSteps

1.  Overview

2.  Motivation

3.  SI1


5.  SI2&SI3


7.  NextSteps

1.  Overview

2.  Motivation

3.  SI1


5.  SI2&SI3


7.  NextSteps

ComparativeAdvantage

Absoluteadvantageindomesticwork(sex)

(AAD)

Absoluteadvantageinmarketwork(higherhourlywage)

(AAM)

1.  Overview

2.  Motivation

3.  SI1


5.   SI2&SI3


7.  NextStepsSI2 SI3

SI2 = 𝐻𝑊𝑆↓𝐹𝐸𝑀 − 𝐿𝐹𝑆↓𝐹𝐸𝑀 

1.  Overview

2.  Motivation

3.  SI1


5.   SI2&SI3


7.  NextSteps

SI2=0

SI2=1

SI2=-1

SI3 = 𝐿𝐹𝑆↓𝐻𝐼 − 𝐻𝑊𝑆↓𝐻𝐼 

1.  Overview

2.  Motivation

3.  SI1


5.   SI2&SI3


7.  NextSteps

SI3=1

SI3=-1

SI3=0

1.  Overview

2.  Motivation

3.  SI1


5.  SI2&SI3

6.   IsSpecialisationConsistentwithAAinDomesticorMarketWork?

7.  NextSteps

NextSteps

�  TakeourspecialisationindicesSI1,SI2&SI3andrunarangeof

regressionswiththeindicesastheoutcomevariables.

�  Thisshouldallowustobetterunderstandthedeterminantsof

specialisation.Doescontrollingforcoupleage,childrenorfertility

intentionsexplainspecialisationorspecialisationaccordingto

absoluteadvantage?

1.  Overview

2.  Motivation

3.  SI1


5.  SI2&SI3


7.   NextSteps

ThankyoutotheorganisersofAGEW19andtheWomeninEconomicsNetworkforhavingme!

Wewouldlovetohearanysuggestionsorfeedbackyouhaveregardingourresearch.

Getintouch:[email protected] [email protected]

1.  Overview

2.  Motivation

3.  SI1


5.  SI2&SI3


7.  NextSteps

Appendix1:LFS&HWSforSI1Appendix2:LFS&HWSforSI2&SI3Appendix3:SpecialisationindicesLF&HW(SI1)Appendix3:EndogeneityofAAMAppendix4:Surveyvs.diarytime-useinformation

𝐿𝐹𝑆↓1  = 𝐿𝐹₁/𝐿𝐹₁ + 𝐿𝐹₂   (I)

𝐻𝑊𝑆↓1  = 𝐻𝑊↓1 /𝐻𝑊↓1 + 𝐻𝑊↓2  

(II)

SI 1 = | 𝐿𝐹𝑆↓1 − 𝐻𝑊𝑆↓1 |

ForSI2,informationisdrawnfromthemalecouplememberMAL,todeterminethefemalepartner’ssupplyshareinthelabour-marketanddomesticwork,asdetailedbelow.

𝐿𝐹𝑆↓𝐹𝐸𝑀  = 𝐿𝐹↓𝐹𝐸𝑀 /𝐿𝐹↓𝐹𝐸𝑀 + 𝐿𝐹↓𝑀𝐴𝐿   𝐻𝑊𝑆↓𝐹𝐸𝑀  = 𝐻𝑊↓𝐹𝐸𝑀 /𝐻𝑊↓𝐹𝐸𝑀 + 𝐻𝑊↓𝑀𝐴𝐿    Similarly,forSI3,viathepartnerwiththelowerhourlywageLO.𝐿𝐹𝑆↓𝐻𝐼  = 𝐿𝐹↓𝐻𝐼 /𝐿𝐹↓𝐻𝐼 + 𝐿𝐹↓𝐿𝑂   𝐻𝑊𝑆↓𝐻𝐼  = 𝐻𝑊↓𝐻𝐼 /𝐻𝑊↓𝐻𝐼 + 𝐻𝑊↓𝐿𝑂   


𝐿𝐹↓𝑆𝐼 1  = | 𝐿𝐹↓1 − 𝐿𝐹↓2 /𝐿𝐹↓1 + 𝐿𝐹↓2    |𝐻𝑊↓𝑆𝐼 1  = | 𝐻𝑊↓1 − 𝐻𝑊↓2 /𝐻𝑊↓1 + 𝐻𝑊↓2    |

SI1


Issue:•  AkeychallengeforthisanalysisistheendogeneityofAAMi.e.

therelativewageofcouplemembers.•  AAMispartiallydeterminedbyhumancapitalaccumulation,

whichispartiallydeterminedbychoicesabouttimeuseallocationmadeinearlierperiodsoflife–throughlaboursupply,andeducationdecisions.

Potentialremedies:•  Robustnesscheck:regressabsoluteadvantageinearlierperiods

onSI3attimet.

Missingwages:•  Missingwagesimputedusingwithin-personmedianhourly

wages.•  Repeatanalysisusingcoupleswithonlyonepartnerworking

(thereforeincludingthosewithmissingwages),wheretheworkingpartneristheonewiththeAAM.


Time-useinputsforbothhouseworkandpaidworkdrawnfromtheself-completion questionnaire in HILDA, asking respondents toclassifyhowmuchtimetheytypicallyspendonarangeofactivitiesper week. For paid work, this relates to time spent in paidemployment, whilst for housework, responses were combined fortime spent completing housework, household errands, outdoortasksandchildcare.

�  Todetermine specialisationweare interestedprimarily in typicaltime-allocation,makingsurveyinformationsuitableinthissetting.

�  Time-use variables drawn from SCQ which is completedindividually by each adult in the household.This should help toreducetheextenttowhichhouseholdmembersareinfluencedbyeachothersresponses.


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Revisiting Specialisation and the Sexual Division of …...Revisiting Specialisation and the Sexual...

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