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The Revival of Trade
and Commerce;Growth of Towns and
GuildsPresented by:
Aivan John Fuentes
ary !al Re"alado
Richard Relo#as
Rica ae Tu$a%
Abeth &aye 'onifacio
Jean Charisse () 'autista
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Why did trade declined during
the Middle Ages
Road in disrepair
Shortage of money
Pirates and robbers threatened trade
routes
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What was the main center of
commerce in the Middle Ages?
The manor - theywere self sufficient
and only traded if
there was something
they could not make
What caused the revival of trade in
the middle ages?
Trade routesreopened by the
way of Western
!urope and the !ast
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How did the church respond
to the revival of trade?They placed some restraint on business"
#hurch ad$ocated %&ust price% for goods
sold - profit only okay if price was fair
Prohibited usury - the practice of
charging interest for money lent
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What continued to happen
despite the Churches
restraints on trade?
Trade continued to grow and prosperity
came to !urope's population More and
more gained financial independence
thru hard work and personal
responsibility
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(rowth of Towns and (uilds
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*ords
,ords still controlled the towns. They e/pected something in return
. Most towns won self-go$ernment by peaceful
and sometimes $iolent means
Some lords granted charters to towns
. 0reedom -- ,i$ed in a town for 1 year and a
day ncluded serfs that escaped from manors
. !/emption -- 0ree from e$er working on the
manor
. Town 2ustice -- Towns had their own courts
. #ommercial Pri$ileges -- #ould sell goods
freely in the town
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#lergy . upper class
3obility
Peasants and Serfs . lower class
4etween upper class and lower class called the
middle class . who dominated our modern
worldMerchant class . who succeeded in winning
freedom of towns
. they were demand self-go$ernment
#harter . a written document that set out the
rights and pri$ileges of a town #ontaining their
right to self-go$ernment
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What were the three classes of
members within the craft guild5
Apprentice- free work for food) lodging
and training
Journeyman- day laborer who hadcompleted apprenticeship - paid by the
hour
Master- &ourneyman who took orale/amination and completed a master
piece
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Training of Skilled Workers
APPRE!"CE
A no$ice) one who is learning a trade or craft
Training could take 6 to 7 years Parents paid the master to teach the boy
8uring the period he is learning the crafts) he
li$ed in the house of the master craftsman Although he did not recei$e payment for his
work) the master craftsman pro$ided him with
food and clothing
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J#$RE%MA
#ompleted his apprenticeship
A skilled worker that was paid a wage
When he reaches 9:) he could ask to
become a member of the guild
A &ourneyman could only become a master
by making a masterpiece
;ad to be appro$ed by the other masters
f appro$ed he could open up his own shop
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Changes in MedievalChanges in Medieval
SocietySociety A &rowing 'ood (upply
)evelopment of &uilds !he Commercial Revolution $r*an +ife 'lourishes ,&rowth of
!owns - Cities. Revival of +earning
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Changes in MedievalChanges in Medieval
SocietySocietyGrowing Food SupplyGrowing Food Supply
#limate grew warmer between ues
3ew system of crop rotation3ew system of crop rotation
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Improvements in FarminImprovements in Farmin
Two Field System
600 Acres
Planted
00 Acres
FallowFallow
00 Acres00 Acres
Changes in MedievalChanges in Medieval
SocietySociety
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Improvements in FarminImprovements in Farmin
Three Field System
600 Acres
!heat or
"ye
#00 Acres
$arley% Peas%$arley% Peas%
&ats% $eans&ats% $eans
#00 Acres#00 Acres
FallowFallow
#00 Acres#00 Acres
Changes in MedievalChanges in Medieval
SocietySociety
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Local Fairs- Small community fairs where local
merchants e/changed goods
Great Fairs- ,arge trade fairs held four times a year
in which tra$eling merchants sold goods from
throughout the world They created a large demand
for eastern goods and led to widespread trade
Changes in MedievalChanges in Medieval
SocietySociety
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Changes in MedievalChanges in Medieval
SocietySociety
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Characteristics o' Medieval TCharacteristics o' Medieval T
()*sually located on top o' ahill or on a river+edand surrounded +y a wall
#) Population generally ,000-(0%000
) *sually had a cathedral%town hall% and guild halls)Streets were dar. and dirty)
Plagues o'ten swept through
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Medieval cities were very different than thecities of today.
They weresurroundedby high wallsand had very
narrow streets.
There wasusually a churchwith a steeplethat could beseen from far
away.
They wereterribly
overcrowdedand had nosanitation.
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"evival o' Towns and"evival o' Towns and
TradeTrade
(000 A/(000 A/
0 Million
((,0 A/((,0 A/
# Million# Million
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As towns grew) associations for
learning and teaching wereestablished and became known as
@ni$ersities" The ma&or uni$ersitieswere founded in the 19th#entury
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*niversity o' &1'ord*niversity o' &1'ord
2i+eral Arts2i+eral Arts
*niversity o' Paris*niversity o' Paris
2i+eral Arts2i+eral Arts
*niversity o' $ologna*niversity o' $ologna
"oman and church law"oman and church law
*niversity o' Salerno*niversity o' Salerno
MedicineMedicine
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At the same time0 towns and cities grew/
A merchant who set up a town got a
charter/
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The use of money changedsociety.
As people sought capital,banking
grew. Merchants formed partnershipsand developed insurance.Serfs
became tenant farmers,who paidrent.
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Merchants, traders,and artisansformed a newmiddle class.
They operatedin guilds,usingemblems such asthese to advertise.
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Guildmembers cooperated with each otherand prevented nonmembers from operatingin the trade.
They mainly guarded the merchant's interests by
gi$ing them a monopoly of a town's trade
0i/ed prices
Protected against outside competition
To become part of a guild, a child would firstbe an apprentice,or trainee.
Most people worked for guild members asjourneymen.
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Than.
3ou4