Revolutionary War part 2

Mr.. Langford’s class

Overview

Declaration of Independence Turning point of the war Help arrives The last stand What’s next?

Declaration of Independence

When was is ratified? Who wrote? What does it say? Who would receive the document?

The response

King George receives the declaration What is his reaction? King George hires mercenaries Hessians Sends them where?

Battle for New York City

King George sends Hessians to Gen.. Howe Howe moves to take New York Many ships in harbor--looked a like forest Over 8,000 Hessians move in New York City falls

New Jersey Victories

Christmas of 1776 Washington crosses Delaware Catches Hessians off guard Over 1,000 dead or captured Patriots gain supplies March towards Princeton Take Princeton

Battle of Princeton

Significance?

Take much needed supplies Prove that the Hessians could be beat Gain more support for the war effort Men began to re-enlist New recruits

Battle in the Mohawk Valley

Gen.. Arnold had an alliance with N.A. Had N.A. go ahead and warn Brits of a large

army advancing Brits leave quickly--leave everything Bonus for Patriots to gain more supplies Mohawk N.A. side with loyalist and help fight

against Patriots Why?

Saratoga

Burgoyne needed more troops and supplies Forced to make a critical decision Tried to raid Bennington--failed Gates and Arnold attack for several days Burgoyne is surrounded and forced to

surrender--6,000 troops North is now secure

Why was it a turning point?

North is secure France decides to join the fight Gives valuable weapons and money Spain joins and defeats British in the

Mississippi Valley and Florida South becomes secure

Valley Forge

Winter of 1777-1778 Horrible winter and thousands deserted Several leaders emerged to help Lafayette Baron de Kalb Baron von Steuben

Valley Forge

Baron Von Steuben

Trained soldiers Knew European techniques Taught troops to successfully use bayonets Within one month troops were able to

execute all drills In Philly, troops engaged Brits and proved

they could fight the best (Euro style)

War on the Frontier

George Rogers Clark Took troops down Ohio to Kaskaskia Took the fort with resistance Moved to Vincennes and took the fort Lost fort in the winter Reclaimed the fort and most the Ohio river

valley area as well as OH, IN, IL

War on the High Seas

John Paul Jones Navy consisted of “Privateers” British controlled the seas b/c of blockade Hit and run tactics Serpais v Bonhomme Richard --British ship

against Jones--”I have not yet begun to fight”

Battle in the South

Many loyalist helped the British Slaves served as guides b/c of promised

freedom--many were resold in West Indies British capture Savannah--all of GA falls 1780 Charleston falls--nearly all of patriot

forces are captured

Swamp Fox

Francis Marion Led a small group men to help patriots Knew the swamps of the area and used

these swamps to his advantage Guerilla Warfare

Swamp Fox

Nathanael Greene

A former Quaker--expelled from the religion

Sent to aid the southern fight Won the help of Cherokee Used his hit and run tactics to avoid large

battles Won the south

Battle of Yorktown

Yorktown along the Chesapeake British opposition to the war grew Most of the in Virginia Base camp for British Gen. Cormwallis

Yorktown

Washington in New York Rochambeau in Rhode Island French fleet in the West Indies Washington/ Rochambeau march towards

Yorktown French Fleet sails for Chesapeake

Yorktown

Washington and Rochambeau surround the British from the west allowing only one way out--by sea

French Fleet arrive and push back British fleet

Cornwallis forced to surrender 8,000 troops surrender

Patriots Win

Why did they win? What were some crucial points? Who deserves the credit? What also played an important role for

independence?

Treaty of Paris 1783

The United States was independent Boundaries est..--what were they? Fishing rights Each side would repay debts owed British would return slaves Congress would recommend that property

taken from loyalist be returned

The New U.S.

Summary

Declaration of Independence New hope Turning point of the war Yorktown Treaty of Paris