RFID and NFC

Providing the last yards for IoT

DI Josef Preishuber-Pflügl CTO, BU Manager RFID+RFComm

CISC Semiconductor GmbH

rfid@cisc.at, www.cisc.at

RFID and NFC providing the

• Last mile

• Last yard

• Last meter

• First meter

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CISC Semiconductor

CISC Semiconductor Corp. West El Camino Real

Mountain View, CA, USA

CISC Semiconductor GmbH Lakeside B07

9020 Klagenfurt, Austria

• Sales

• Corp. Headquarters

• R&D

• Sales

Burgring 18 8010 Graz, Austria

• R&D

Independent - CISC was founded in 1999 and is a 100% private owned company

Experienced - CISC is managed by an international team of highest skilled

experts & working with RFID for more than 20 years

Global - we serve the whole industry worldwide

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About CISC RF

• Team of RFID professionals with long-

term, international reputation

• Performance improver of RFID products

and systems through our solutions

• Measurement tool provider for RFID and

NFC conformance, performance and

interoperability tests

• Standardization leader in RFID

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CISC Role in RFID Standardization

• Convener ISO/IEC SC31 WG4/SG6

RFID Performance and Conformance test methods

– ISO/IEC 18046 RFID performance

– ISO/IEC 18047 RFID conformance

• Co-chair GS1 EPCglobal TLRPP

Tag Label Reader and Printer Performance

– Static performance test

• Co-chair GS1 EPCglobal UHF AI Group

– EPCglobal UHF Gen2V2 air interface and conformance tests

• Project editor ISO/IEC 18000-63 Type C

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IOT – Internet of Things

< 10 cm

< 20 m

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UHF RFID

18000-63

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UHF RFID Air interface standards

• EPC Gen 2 = ISO/IEC 18000-63 Type C

• EPC Gen 2V2 = ISO/IEC 18000-63REV1

• Crypto extensions = ISO/IEC 29167

• Brazil derivatives

– SINIAV G0

– ARTESP PA

– Brasil-ID P63

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What´s NEW - EPC Gen2V2?

• Crypto solution for even more applications

(e.g. road tolling)

• European privacy concerns addressed

• File management available for more data

with different owners

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NEW, but not Gen2V2 specific

• Mature products in high volume

• Better tag sensitivity

– Read range continuously increased (> 20 m)

– Area surveillance (> 1000 m2)

– Movement direction detection

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End-users´ Requirements

• Ensure high success rate (almost 100%)

• High reading speed

• Avoid unwanted (false positive) reads

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End-users´ observed Issues

• Reading of tags is sensitive to

– Distance from the reader

– Type of the RFID label

– Material of the tagged item

• RF effects on performance

– Absorption

– Reflection

– Detuning

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End-users´ observed issues

• Dense reader environments

– Readers must be configured not to disturb

each other

– How to prevent reading tags, which are in the

field of the neighboring reader

• Used reader

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Solution?

Conformance

Performance

Interoperability

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Conformance - Finding the bits

• Compare in the air with what the reader

and tag are supposed to do

• See whether commands sequences make

sense

• Check waveforms and timings

• Trigger of error cases

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Conformance Test Results

New Crypto commands of ISO/IEC

29167

New EPC Gen2V2 and ISO/IEC 18000-63REV1

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Performance Tests

• Make sure your tag can be read in individual regions

– Tag performance is frequency dependent.

• Verify the sensitivity of the tag

– The better the sensitivity, the higher the read range

• Verify the range and sensitivity of the reader

– The better the sensitivity, the higher the read range

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Performance Test results

Write range

Read range

Detuned

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Interoperability Tests

• Check whether various readers can

coexist

• Evaluate how well different devices

perform if operated at one site

• Very important in the current retail setup

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Interoperability Tests

5.0ms

Miller M= 4 backscatter - 5 ms for one EPC/UII

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Certification

• GS1 EPCglobal requirements

• ISO/IEC requirement

• ARTESP, SINIAV, Brasil-ID requirements

• Application requirements

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Success of NFC ...

• ... relies on many factors

– Availability of devices (critical mass)

– Availability of features

– Standards

– Applications

– Usability

– User habits

– ...

– Interoperability

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NFC Standards

ISO/IEC 14443B

ISO/IEC 15693

ISO/IEC 14443A

JIS X 6319-4

ISO/IEC 18092 ECMA-340

NFCIP-1 Near Field

Communication Interface and

Protocol-1

ISO/IEC 21481 ECMA-352

NFCIP-2 Near Field

Communication Interface and

Protocol-2

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Conformance Tests

• Test whether implementation meets requirements of standard

• ISO/IEC test standards

• NFC Forum

• EMVCo

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Interoperability Tests

• Test actual products against each other in realistic application scenarios

• Unveil standard weaknesses or ambiguities

• Typically covers all layers

– physical to application

• PlugFests

• Interoperability Test Lab

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NFC Interoperability Tests

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Failure Reasons

• Application software

• Protocol

• Data content

• Command sequence

• Timings

• RF settings

• Product design (materials)

• Antenna design

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Performance Optimization

• Performance evaluation with the help of automated NFC interoperability tests

• Failure analysis

• Modification of parameters and design

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Performance Optimization

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IoT’s FIRST meter

as key success factor

Finding the lost bits in seconds instead of days

Know how to place, track and manage your tags and readers

Pass all tests for full certification

Save time and money for the user

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Visit us at www.CISC.at

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