RFID Fall Detection RFID Fall Detection Floor Mat SystemFloor Mat System

Andrew Heidt Andrew Heidt Brian TippinsBrian TippinsZach BrannanZach BrannanAbdirizak MireAbdirizak Mire

Coleman McDanielColeman McDaniel

System OverviewSystem Overview

Detects patient falls using RFID wrist Detects patient falls using RFID wrist and foot tags and an antenna and foot tags and an antenna embedded in a floor matembedded in a floor mat

Provides monitoring capabilities in Provides monitoring capabilities in hospitals and elderly care facilities, hospitals and elderly care facilities, where falls are commonwhere falls are common

Costs $3065 per unitCosts $3065 per unit

Design Objectives – Design Objectives – All MetAll Met

Reliably detect patient falls and egressReliably detect patient falls and egressTags reliably detected within 10” to 14” rangeTags reliably detected within 10” to 14” range

Notify staff at a remote monitoring Notify staff at a remote monitoring station using a network connectionstation using a network connection

Network alerts work successfullyNetwork alerts work successfully

Record incidents in logfileRecord incidents in logfileLog file correctly documents all incidentsLog file correctly documents all incidents

Technical SpecificationsTechnical Specifications

SpecificationProposed Actual

Max. Read Range 12 to 24 in. 14.6 in.

Frequency Required 13.56 MHz +/- 7 kHz

13.56 MHz +/- 7 kHz

Reader Power Requirement

> 0.75 W 1 W

Mat Size 15 – 30 square ft. 12 square ft.

Weight < 30 lbs <15 lbs

Detection Reliability > 95% Detection Rate

> 95% Detection Rate

System DiagramSystem Diagram

Antenna DesignAntenna Design Single Loop Copper Single Loop Copper

foil antennafoil antenna 42 in. by 24 in.42 in. by 24 in. Matched to 50 Ω Matched to 50 Ω

readerreader

Matching and Tuning NetworksMatching and Tuning Networks

Tuning NetworkTuning Network Output to AntennaOutput to Antenna Resistor R1Resistor R1 Variable Capacitor C4Variable Capacitor C4 JumpersJumpers Common Mode ChokeCommon Mode Choke

Matching NetworkMatching Network Input from Interface Input from Interface

BoxBox CapacitorsCapacitors Common Mode Common Mode

ChokeChoke

Matching and Tuning NetworksMatching and Tuning Networks

Tuning NetworkTuning Network Output to AntennaOutput to Antenna Resistor R1Resistor R1 Variable Capacitor C4Variable Capacitor C4 JumpersJumpers Common Mode ChokeCommon Mode Choke

Matching NetworkMatching Network Input from Interface Input from Interface

BoxBox CapacitorsCapacitors Common Mode Common Mode

ChokeChoke

VB – Computer ImplementationVB – Computer Implementation

• Two Software ModulesTwo Software Modules1.1. Local Monitoring UnitLocal Monitoring Unit - Communicate - Communicate

locally with reader in/near patient roomlocally with reader in/near patient room2.2. Remote Monitoring Station - Remote Monitoring Station - Provide Provide

capability to monitor multiple patients at capability to monitor multiple patients at central locationcentral location

• TCP/IP Information sent includes:TCP/IP Information sent includes: Time stampTime stamp RFID tag ID #RFID tag ID # Room #Room #

Computer Interface: Process FlowComputer Interface: Process Flow

Interfacing with Hospital NetworkInterfacing with Hospital Network

Local Monitoring Unit (LMU) – VB6Local Monitoring Unit (LMU) – VB6• Interfaces with RFID reader (Serial)Interfaces with RFID reader (Serial)• Logs incidents to local text fileLogs incidents to local text file• Displays tag detection alertsDisplays tag detection alerts• Transmits alerts and resolutions to Transmits alerts and resolutions to

remote monitoring station (TCP/IP)remote monitoring station (TCP/IP)

Local Monitoring Unit GUILocal Monitoring Unit GUI

Monitoring Window Connection Window

Tag Detection Window

Interfacing With Hospital NetworkInterfacing With Hospital Network

Remote Monitoring Station (RMS) – VB8Remote Monitoring Station (RMS) – VB8• Provides patient table to aid monitoring Provides patient table to aid monitoring

multiple patientsmultiple patients• Receives AlertsReceives Alerts

Determines alert type (Fall/Egress/Unknown)Determines alert type (Fall/Egress/Unknown) Establishes relevant patient and room numberEstablishes relevant patient and room number Displays alert windowDisplays alert window Resolves remotely from LMU (TCP/IP)Resolves remotely from LMU (TCP/IP)

Remote Monitoring Station GUIRemote Monitoring Station GUI

Patient Monitoring Table

Fall Alert

Alert Resolution

Antenna PackagingAntenna Packaging

Antenna with anti-fatigue floor matAntenna with anti-fatigue floor mat Low profile floor mat ½” thicknessLow profile floor mat ½” thickness Antenna size 30” x 48”Antenna size 30” x 48” Floor mat size 36” x 48” x ½” Floor mat size 36” x 48” x ½”

Final Product PrototypeFinal Product Prototype

Matching network circuit Matching network circuit Adjustable tuningAdjustable tuning Floor mat antennaFloor mat antenna

CostsCosts

PartsParts Expect CostsExpect Costs Actual CostsActual Costs

RFID ReaderRFID Reader $700.00$700.00 $532.00$532.00

Floor MatFloor Mat $100.00$100.00 $99.51$99.51

Copper FoilCopper Foil $10.00$10.00 $10.00$10.00

CablesCables $15.00$15.00 $40.15$40.15

CapacitorsCapacitors $10.00$10.00 $0.70$0.70

ResistorsResistors $2.00$2.00 $0.20$0.20

MultiplexerMultiplexer $50.00$50.00 $0.00$0.00

TotalTotal $887.00$887.00 $682.56$682.56

Development Costs: Production Costs:

Expected PriceExpected Price Actual PriceActual Price

Selling PriceSelling Price $3500.00$3500.00 $3065.00$3065.00

Selling Price (Based on 25% profit)

Expected CostsExpected Costs Actual CostsActual Costs

PartsParts $1000.00$1000.00 $1133.85$1133.85

Development Parts List

RFID ReaderRFID Reader $532.00$532.00

Floor MatFloor Mat $199.02$199.02

Copper FoilCopper Foil $30.00$30.00

CablesCables $118.33$118.33

CapacitorsCapacitors $2.10$2.10

ResistorsResistors $0.40$0.40

MultiplexerMultiplexer $0.00$0.00

ComputersComputers $200$200

RFID TagsRFID Tags $15.00$15.00

PackagingPackaging $37.00$37.00

TotalTotal $1133.85$1133.85

ResultsResults Proposed Read Range = 12” – 24”Proposed Read Range = 12” – 24” Actual Read RangeActual Read Range

• Average = 11.8”Average = 11.8”• Peak = 14.6”Peak = 14.6”

Range is dependent on tag orientation and Range is dependent on tag orientation and locationlocation

Experimental Read Range: 0Experimental Read Range: 0° Orientation° Orientation

*Units in inches

Experimental Read Range: 45° OrientationExperimental Read Range: 45° Orientation

*Units in inches

Experimental Read Range: -45° OrientationExperimental Read Range: -45° Orientation

*Units in inches

Experimental Read Range: 90° OrientationExperimental Read Range: 90° Orientation

*Units in inches

Wrist Tag OrientationWrist Tag Orientation

Due to orientation dependency, two tags Due to orientation dependency, two tags are placed on the wrist to increase read are placed on the wrist to increase read reliabilityreliability

Future WorkFuture Work

Automatic tuning will allow one to Automatic tuning will allow one to achieve maximum read range with a achieve maximum read range with a changing environmentchanging environment

An RFID reader with a higher power An RFID reader with a higher power output or a larger antenna would output or a larger antenna would allow a decrease in wrist tag sizeallow a decrease in wrist tag size

System waterproofingSystem waterproofing Antenna embeddingAntenna embedding

Project DemonstrationProject Demonstration

VIDEOVIDEO

Patient falls cost the health care Patient falls cost the health care industry $19.4 billion each yearindustry $19.4 billion each year