RFID_Technology_Systems_Design_Guidelines_FINAL_WITH_APPENDIX

Politecnico di Torino • Tongji University Shanghai • Politecnico di Milano

‘’ POLITONG ‘’ Sino-Italian Double Degree Project

Faculty of Information Technology Engineering

Electronic Engineering Degree

CRF

POWERTRAIN

TECHNOLOGIES

RFID TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND

ITS APPLICATION IN ACCESS CONTROL

SYSTEMS

RESEARCH REPORT

Researcher: Paolo VINELLA

Professor: RongYong ZHAO, Tongji University

Pag. 1

Acknowledgements

First of all, I would like to thank the Italian and Chinese Universities for giving me the

opportunity to be engaged in a challenging degree course like Electronic Engineering.

The unique combination of such a skilling experience with an international double

degree project promoted by Politecnico di Torino, Politecnico di Milano and Tongji

University of Shanghai (China) like Politong, joint with the opportunity of a Reseach

Project inside Tongji University has enabled me to gain a set of effective engineering

knowledge mixed with an international challenging and wider academic context.

An huge thank to Professor RongYong ZHAO, that has followed me during the entire

path of the research project with patience, responsibility, skilled suggestions and polite

willingness.

Pag. 2

INDEX 1 Introduction to RFID Technology: Development, Industrial Applications ..................................................... 3

1.1 In brief: what an RFID system is ........................................................................................................................ 3

1.2 History and Development Stages of RFID ..................................................................................................... 5

1.3 Typical industrial applications ............................................................................................................................ 6

1.4 Tendency of RFID ................................................................................................................................................. 7

1.5 Basic communication principles between TAG and Reader ..................................................................... 8

2 Requirements Analysis: Automatic Door and Access Control .......................................................................... 9

2.1 The main idea ........................................................................................................................................................ 9

2.2 System design: main specifications................................................................................................................. 11

2.3 Permission IN/OUT (Green Led, Red Led) .................................................................................................... 12

2.4 Record person’s IN/OUT information ............................................................................................................ 12

2.5 Amount of people in real-time ........................................................................................................................ 13

2.6 Find rules with figures (Amount_In vs Time; Amount_Out vs Time) ..................................................... 14

2.7 Communication with meetings DB (system of visitors reservation) ...................................................... 15

3 Solution Design ............................................................................................................................................................. 17

3.1 Functional Design ................................................................................................................................................ 17

3.2 Database System Design ................................................................................................................................... 18

3.3 Software Work Flow ............................................................................................................................................ 21

3.3.1 TAG Identification ....................................................................................................................................... 21

3.3.2 People In Real Time .................................................................................................................................. 23

3.3.3 Add a visitor ................................................................................................................................................ 25

3.3.4 Computation of total people checks-in and checks-out in one day ........................................... 25

3.4 Software graphical user interface design ..................................................................................................... 27

3.4.1 Registration of an Employee inside the system: RFID TAG set up ............................................... 27

3.4.2 Real Time Tracking and Monitoring of the People Flow ................................................................ 28

3.4.3 People checks-in and checks-out as function of time..................................................................... 29

3.5 Product Selection ................................................................................................................................................ 30

3.5.1 Main criteria to properly choose an RFID commercial product ................................................... 30

3.5.2 Motorola RFID system .............................................................................................................................. 32

4 References ..................................................................................................................................................................... 37

5 Appendix: Motorola RFID solutions ....................................................................................................................... 38

Pag. 3

1 Introduction to RFID Technology: Development, Industrial Applications

1.1 In brief: what an RFID system is

RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification and consists of a wireless non-contact system that

uses electromagnetic fields to transfer data (usually just to read it) from a TAG attached to an object

to a Reader. With the purpose of automatic identification of people and goods and their tracking.

The main uses include industries (for example, automobile during the assembly stage), livestock,

clothing, and even implanted in people.

The simplest TAGs, as we will see later in details, require no battery: the EM field both reads and

powers them. Furthermore, the connection TAG<->Reader can happen from several centimeters up

to several meters.

Basically, a TAG includes a radio-frequency EM field coil that modulates an external EM field to

transfer an ID number when queried by a READER device. The information is stored inside a very

small non-volatile memory. [ REF. 1 ]

1.1 - 1 Design basics of an RFID system

A more complete schematic view of a general and basic RFID system can be found in the following

picture. As we can see, the interrogation zone is completely wireless, and the transponders

communicate (send data) with an antenna, sometimes integrated in the reader that is able to send

the information read to the computer in a way that the PC can interpret (a specific protocol with

communication rules is used).

2) ID send (encoded radio signal)

RFID Software

on PC

READER

(both TX and RX)

TAG

(both TX and RX)

1) query

Pag. 4

1.1 – 2 Typical RFID system

TAGs can be classified in several ways. First of all, according to the way power is supplied:

Passive TAGs uses the radio energy transmitted by the reader. They are cheaper and more

compact;

Battery assisted passive TAGs rely on a small battery on-board activated when the TAG is

near the reader;

Active TAGs: they come with a battery inside, they are able to periodically transmit their ID

signal.

Generally, the presence of a battery makes the TAG more expensive and bigger in terms of physical

dimensions, however the reading distance usually increases. [ REF. 2 ] Furthermore, TAGs can be:

Read-only TAGs (factory programmed with specific information inside);

Read-write TAGs, kind of field programmable (for example, write once and read multiple).

TAG

IC

- Storing info

- RF signal modem

- Collecting DC power

- Other specific functions

ANTENNA

- Signal reception (RX) and

transmission (TX)

“INLAY coupling”

1.1 – 3 What a TAG basically consists of

Pag. 5

1.2 History and Development Stages of RFID

In 1945, Léon Theremin invented an espionage tool for the Soviet Union, which retransmitted

incident radio waves with audio information. Sound waves vibrated a diaphragm, which slightly

altered the shape of the resonator, which modulated the reflected radio frequency. Even though this

device was a covert listening device, not an identification tag, it is considered to be a predecessor of

RFID technology, because it was likewise passive, being energized and activated by waves from an

outside source. [ REF. 3 ]

Similar technology, such as the IFF transponder developed in the United Kingdom, was routinely

used by the allies in World War II to identify aircraft as friend or foe. Transponders are still used by

most powered aircraft to this day. Another early work exploring RFID is the landmark 1948 paper by

Harry Stockman, titled "Communication by Means of Reflected Power"). Stockman predicted that "...

considerable research and development work has to be done before the remaining basic problems in

reflected-power communication are solved, and before the field of useful applications is explored".

Mario Cardullo's device, patented on January 23, 1973, was the first true ancestor of modern RFID,

as it was a passive radio transponder with memory. The initial device was passive, powered by the

interrogating signal, and was demonstrated in 1971 to the New York Port Authority and other

potential users and consisted of a transponder with 16 bit memory for use as a toll device. The basic

Cardullo patent covers the use of RF, sound and light as transmission media. The original business

plan presented to investors in 1969 showed uses in transportation (automotive vehicle identification,

automatic toll system, electronic license plate, electronic manifest, vehicle routing, vehicle

performance monitoring), banking (electronic check book, electronic credit card), security (personnel

identification, automatic gates, surveillance) and medical (identification, patient history).

An early demonstration of reflected power (modulated backscatter) RFID tags, both passive and

semi-passive, was performed by Steven Depp, Alfred Koelle, and Robert Freyman at the Los Alamos

National Laboratory in 1973. The portable system operated at 915 MHz and used 12-bit tags. This

technique is used by the majority of today's UHFID and microwave RFID tags. [ REF. 4 ]

The first patent to be associated with the abbreviation RFID was granted to Charles Walton in 1983.

Pag. 6

Usually technology breakthroughs happen during wars and espionage stage of our history, when

the need of new automatic and fast tools joints the need of a fast development to gain advantage

against the enemy. RFID technology represents one of those scenarios, and it can be observed how

an initially military technology can be taken into account by scientists and engineers to further

extend its potential to real people needs. [ REF. 5 ] This motivation has brought RFID technology

toward a huge diffusion in the world, a global market whose revenues are every year of the order of

magnitude of several billion dollars. RFID systems are nowadays cheap, powerful and convenient.

1.3 Typical industrial applications

According to the specific demands and use scenarios, several kind of RFID systems can be used.

Nowadays, the RFID market portfolio is quite huge, and big producers like Motorola even offer a

partnership with other Companies that produce TAGs to extend the support to almost every

possible application of the RFID technology. The frequency band is a way to classify RFID systems:

Band Regulations Range Data

speed Remarks

Approx. TAG

cost in

volume US $

120–150 kHz (LF) Unregulated 10 cm Low Animal identification,

factory data collection $1

13.56 MHz (HF) ISM band worldwide 1 m Low to

moderate Smart cards $0.50

433 MHz (UHF) Short Range Devices 1–100 m Moderate Defence applications,

with active tags $5

868-870 MHz

(Europe)

902-928 MHz

(North America)

UHF

ISM band 1–2 m Moderate

to high EAN, various standards

$0.15

(passive

tags)

2450-5800 MHz

(microwave) ISM band 1–2 m High

802.11 WLAN,

Bluetooth standards

$25 (active

tags)

3.1–10 GHz

(microwave) Ultrawide band

to 200

M High

requires semi-active or

active tags $5 projected

Pag. 7

Signaling between the reader and the tag is done in different ways, depending on the frequency

band used by the tag. Tags operating on LF and HF frequencies are, in terms of radio wavelength,

very close to the reader antenna, only a small percentage of a wavelength away. In this near field

region, the tag is closely coupled electrically with the transmitter in the reader. The tag can

modulate the field produced by the reader by changing the electrical loading the tag represents. By

switching between lower and higher relative loads, the tag produces a change that the reader can

detect. At UHF and higher frequencies, the tag is more than one radio wavelength away from the

reader, requiring a different approach (backscattering). [ REF. 6 ]

1.4 Tendency of RFID

The potential of RFID technology is almost endless: the working principle of RFID is very simple, but

the number of applications is really huge and it grows proportionally with our fantasy and ability to

devise smarter solutions. RFID means nowadays more than just simple tracking. Its real potential

consists in creating a deep network of Readers and TAGs (that is, a multicast connection among

devices to track and detectors) to organize, detect and manipulate data. Once the TAG has been

scanned (that is, read), the information retrieved from it by the reader can be used to compute

certain decisions (more or less critical) that will interest that item itself.

A very smart example of RFID technology is in domestic environment (the so called domotics), and

directly touches everyday life of housewives. Image to have some products inside the fridge - for

example milk and other beverages and food. The fridge can integrate a reader that checks whether

the products’ expiration date has been reached or not. If yes, the fridge will show a warning

message on a display. Furthermore, if a product is missing inside the fridge, it can show an alert to

the user, suggesting him to buy the new product. [ REF. 7 ]

This system may be also integrated with a recycle bin (a second reader, that communicates with the

reader of the fridge). In fact, for example if it detects a bottle of milk inside it, and in the fridge there

is no milk anymore, it means that all the milk has finished and the suggestion to the housewife to

buy new milk can be prompted on a display. Obviously, a product inside the fridge or the recycle

bin can be scanned only if it integrates a TAG, detected by the two readers on which this intelligent

RFID system relies.

Pag. 8

The one quoted so far is just a simple example. Nowadays RFID systems are very useful and crucial

for real-time product tracking inside big logistics companies, as well as during assembly stages of

complex products. Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a rapidly growing technology that has the

potential to make great economic impacts on many industries.

While RFID is a relatively old technology, more recent advancements in chip manufacturing

technology are making RFID practical for new applications and settings, particularly consumer item

level tagging. These advancements have the potential to revolutionize supply-chain management,

inventory control, and logistics. [ REF. 8 ] [ REF. 9 ]

1.5 Basic communication principles between TAG and Reader

A very specific signal modulation is used to allow a TAG to be properly read by a Reader. We focus

on passive TAGs, that receive the power for supply directly by the EM field generated by the Reader.

The field must be always present so that the TAG can reply to the Reader.

Making things simple, the basic sequence of operations when a communication between a TAG and

a Reader happens consists of the following steps:

1) The Reader sends commands to the TAG by means of a modulation of the generated EM

field (which frequency is called carrier);

2) Once the command has been sent, the Reader stops transmitting and just keeps the carrier

active in order to keep the TAG powered on;

3) The TAG answers to the command by generating and modulating a reflected waveform,

forming a message. The TAG is capable of modulating the impedance of antenna, creating a

non-adapted system and a “waveform of answering”). This phenomenon is called

backscattering.

Pag. 9

2 Requirements Analysis: Automatic Door and Access Control

2.1 The main idea

After a brief introduction of RFID technology and its possible applications, we aim to focus with this

handbook on a very specific and widely adopted use of the Radio Frequency identification: the

access control of people through an automatic door.

From now on, we will try to develop the main sequence of steps for a complete design of this kind

of solution. We will start presenting the main problem, explaining what we want to realize and the

degree of functionalities that the final system should possess. Then we will transform the ideas in a

flow of operations, we will select the proper software-hardware couple and we will start to think

about engineering this solution. At the end, a brief software and hardware implementation will be

shown as reference for this kind of RFID application.

The electronic system that will be devised will rely on people identification through RFID technology.

In particular, an automatic door that provides access to a building (or office) should come with two

couples of antennas: one couple on the outer side of the door (which manages people that want to

access the office), and the other couple inside the door (in order to detect the traffic of people

exiting from the office).

When a person wants to enter, he will carry with him an identification card that contains an RFID

chip (that is, a passive tag) that works at 900MHz. At a distance of 3 or 4 meters far away from the

door, the outer couple of antennas should detect the card (and thus the person), identify the person

and check whether he can grant the access, storing the information in an appropriate way. If the

person is not allowed, the door must be kept closed and a red light should turn on. Vice versa, if the

access has been granted a green light can turn on and the door can open to welcome that person

inside the office.

Again, when a person inside the office would come outside, the inner couple of antennas should

identify again that person and monitoring / storing other useful data (for example, the time when

exiting happens).

This example can show how an essentially easy form of identification (the simple detection of a

unique ID of a TAG by means of antennas connected to a Reader) can bring to a quite complex

Pag. 10

implementation. We have just introduced the concepts of data storage, analysis and manipulation.

The real success of a good RFID implementation is not just a matter of reliable TAG detection and

reading: this is just the starting point of a process, of a more complex software-hardware

architecture, that is able to store, analyze, compute and retrieve a complete and wide set of data.

This is the truly complete meaning of a good identification. Identify means much more than just

simple hardware detection and tracking.

The following one is a very general and intuitive scheme of what the final solution will consist of.

Obviously this picture focuses more on hardware physical component. Just remember that the most

of work regards software, present inside the PC that manages the system itself:

2.1 – 1 A schematic intuitive view of the final system

In the following sub-paragraphs we will analyze some ideas that can be devised from this general

solution. We will see how those idea can be hints themselves to help building the physical and

logical structure of our system.

READER

AUTOMATIC DOOR

Inner Antenna couple A3-A4

Outer Antenna couple A1-A2

3 / 4 mt.

900 MHz

TCP/IP , 485

Pag. 11

2.2 System design: main specifications

Every engineered project must start from strict specifications coming from the customer that asks for

the design of a specific solution. For our system, those are the main specifications and building

blocks of the system:

A computer for data computation;

A system of four antennas (two couples), connected to a Reader;

A full-duplex interface and transmission protocol from Reader and computer (TCP/IP or 485

preferred);

Some software libraries provided from the hardware vendor of the Reader that allow basic

routines and help to write the system’s managing software relying on RFID;

Main software layer written in C# object-oriented programming language, on Visual Studio

2010 environment, and interacting with a Database;

SQL Database in which to store the information;

Need of recording specific data (IN/OUT information, amount of person in real time,

communication with a system of visitors reservation) and carrying out specific operations

(door opening or not according to red or green light).

Electronic access control systems using data carriers are used to automatically check the access

authorization of individuals to buildings, (commercial or event) premises, or individual rooms.

We tend to use an online systems, since the access authorization of a large number of people has

to be checked at just a few entrances. This is the case, for example, at the main entrances to office

buildings and commercial premises. In this type of system, terminals are connected to a central

computer by means of a network.

The central computer runs a database in containing authorization data. Changes to an individual’s

access authorization can be made by a single entry on the central computer of the access control

system. [ REF. 10 ]

This is advantageous, because it means that sensitive security areas can be protected against

unauthorized access. The data carriers of an online system only have to be able to store a small

Pag. 12

amount of data, for example a unique pass number, that will be used to query the database and

check whether the person carrying that card is allowed to access or not.

2.3 Permission IN/OUT (Green Led, Red Led)

The automatic door with which people will interact by means of RFID will provide useful information

to each person that tries to go in. We can image that if the person can grant the access, the door

will open and a green light will turn on to inform that the permission level of that person is sufficient

enough to step inside the office. Viceversa, if the person is not allowed to enter the office, the door

must be kept closed and a red light will visually inform that it is not possible to go on.

It is possible to couple the led lights with a complementary system that makes interaction between

the RFID system and people more “human”. A possible idea, that will be part of this project, is the

utilization of a synthesis device that is able to simulate the human voice. An electronic voice will

welcome the person inside the building or inform him that access can’t be granted. Some examples

could be: <<Good afternoon Mr. Zhong>>, <<Good morning Mrs. Annie>>, <<I am really sorry but

you have not been recognized from our database, and you cannot access this area. Please contact

the main reception>>. The voice can adapt according to the daytime. [ REF. 11 ]

2.4 Record person’s IN/OUT information

Every RFID system must rely on a strong software interface and data storage / retrieving system. In

fact, once the person’s identification TAG has been scanned from the Reader, and once the related

information is sent to the computer, a database must be queried to check whether that person can

grant the access. If the answer is positive, the door will open, otherwise, it will be kept close.

Obviously, for both the events proper information must be recorded back inside the database.

We have to devise and image the software as interaction between a main program, always

executing on the computer, and continuous interaction with a database that contains useful

information. We will see in the following chapters how we can model this structure, what information

the database should contain and how interactions with the main executing program should happen.

So far, it is important to keep in mind that the database must be a dynamic structure and contain

Pag. 13

both “static” field like record for every person and his unique ID and a “dynamic” part regarding the

real time recording of people getting in and/or out the office.

2.5 Amount of people in real-time

The structure we have to devise must record and keep track, for each unit of time, the number of

people inside the office. What does that mean? We can image two “global counters” (we avoid up

to now to go deeper inside programming): the first one that increments each time a person goes

inside and the second one that increments its value each time a person exits. Thus, for each unit of

time, the difference between the first and the second time will express the amount of people inside

the building in real-time. This data is very useful for different goals and applications:

the company to which the office belongs may have a security policy strategy that is function of

the number of people inside the building. If this number grows and overcomes a prefixed

threshold security problems may happen (for example, security people is trained to manage not

more than a certain amount of people standing in the same place);

the air conditioning system may interact with the

system we are building asking for the number of

people inside the room to vary the power of its

engine according with;

in case of alarm of fire (or other similar warning),

fireman would know immediately the number of

people to rescue;

the office might include intelligent camera system

that is able to detect the flow of people or suspicious

behaviors in corridors, and the real number of

people, detected by means of the RFID system, may

become crucial for this application as well.

Obviously, those are just examples and there might be other ones.

RFID System

AirCondition

System

Anti-fire Security System

Intelligent Camera System

Security System

2.5 – 1 RFID System interactions

Pag. 14

2.6 Find rules with figures (Amount_In vs Time; Amount_Out vs Time)

The RFID system that we aim to design will record in a database, for each person who grants the

access, the time at which that person goes inside the office and the time when the same person

exits from it. Obviously this kind tracking must be done only for people that grant the access. [ REF. 12 ]

We can image to plot the amount of people entering and exiting the office in respect to the time.

For example, we could deal with the following figures:


0 0

2

3 3

4

3 3

2

10

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00

AM

OU

NT_

OU

T

TIME (HOUR)

People check-out as function of time

13

8

6

3

0 0 0 0 0 00

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00

AM

OU

NT_

IN

TIME (HOUR)

People check-in as function of time

Pag. 15

In this example, we deal with a quite small number of people, and we can see how most of them

enter at 8 AM and exit at 4 PM. Starting from this data, that can be easily obtained querying the

database, it is possible to know how many people, at a given time, are inside the office.

For instance, how many people is inside the office after 1 PM? The result can be easily obtained by

considering the two plots from the start (8 AM) until the desired time (1 PM). In the previous plots,

this is highlighted with a red straight line. In fact, we just have to keep track, hour by hour, by means

of two counters that we have already named before, the incremental number of people entering

and the incremental number of people exiting. The difference between the first and the second

counter gives us the final result (that is, the number of people currently present inside the building

at a given time).

In our case:

{

2.7 Communication with meetings DB (system of visitors reservation)

One more freedom degree can be given to our system: the interconnection with a reservation

system. In fact, it seems legit to assume that not only employees could access the office. It is

common that, more or less frequently, a visiting person will show up once a meeting has been set

up in advance. What if that person needs to enter an RFID-protect environment? Usually the person

should go to the reception which provides him a temporary pass, which is based on RFID

technology as well and allows a temporary (and maybe also restricted) access. [ REF. 13 ]

We could thus imagine a second database, on which information regarding the people that will visit

the office in the following days is contained. When the visiting person uses his “visitor RFID card”,

our RFID system should be able to communicate with the database of reservations to check if that

visitor effectively can be recognized as a visitor or not. And again, the system of red/green light

should be used.

Pag. 16

Once he is recognized, maybe other actions can be taken: our RFID system may inform the

reception once check-in happens, so that an employee of the Company can come and welcome the

visitor.

Furthermore, it is possible to restrict the access for that person: for example, if inside the database of

visitors a specific visiting time frame is specified, the RFID system, after detecting the access attempt

of the visitor, can check whether that person effectively tries to check in at the right meeting time.


SYSTEM RFID

SYSTEM RESERV.

Card I.D.

{

Pag. 17

3 Solution Design

3.1 Functional Design

This chapter aims to focus on a detailed level of explanation concerning our system. Every system is

designed to carry out one or more than one main functions and it can be seen as the aggregation

of smaller sub-systems interconnected, each of which focused on a specific sub-task, that exchange

information and process data fed as input to the global system, and finally produce the overall result.

The IDEF0 (implemented through Microsoft Visio 2010) has been used to show the building blocks

(sub-functions). An idea for our RFID system that follows the specifications is the following:

3.1 – 1 IDEF0 system modelling

Computer System

A0

Computer System

A0

RFID Reader

A0

Antenna Out

A0

Antenna In

A0

TAG

A0

LED Driving

A0

Electronic Voice

A0

Door Opening/Close Device

A0

Managing Software

A0

Databases

A0

System Time Clock

User Input Requests

RFID System Output to User

LEDs, Door and Voice driving

Query

Data

Current Time

RFID Reader information

Pag. 18

Briefly speaking, a computer system is interconnected to the RFID Reader that, by means of two

couples of RFID antennas, is able to detect a TAG both from the inner side and the outer side of the

door.

On the computer, a real-time running software is able to detect the information (ID) coming from

the Reader and, after performing specific task with a database, is capable to execute algorithms to

drive the LEDs on the door, to control its opening/closing procedures and turn on an electronic

voice that informs the user of what is happening around him. [ REF. 14 ]

The database represent one of the core parts of the system and we will dedicate a paragraph for it.

3.2 Database System Design

The database (DB, for short) is an electronic collection of organized, reliable, non-redundant and

interconnected data, dynamically updated, that contains the specific information of the people

interacting with the RFID system. The DB must be seen as a hierarchical structure composed of

several connected parts (that is, tables) organized in such a way that when the main software

queries this structure all the relevant information must be provided in an useful format.

A possible basic structure of a database used by our system is shown below:

3.1 – 2 IDEF0 Database modelling

Employees

PK,FK1 ID [string]

Name [string] Surname [string] Title [string] Email [string] Access_Enabled [boolean]

In_Out

PK ID [string]

Date_Time [YY:MM:DD:HH:MM:SS] In_Out [1/0]

Visitors

PK ID [string]

Name [string] Surname [string] Company [string] Email [string] Visit_Starts [YY:MM:DD:HH:MM:SS] Visit_Ends [YY:MM:DD:HH:MM:SS]

In_Rejects

PK ID [string]

Date_Time [YY:MM:DD:HH:MM:SS]

ID Query from software

Employee_Type

PK ID [string]

SystemAdmin [0/1] GeneralManager [0/1] Receptionist [0/1]

1 1 1

1

N

N

N

N

1

1

Pag. 19

It is very important to highlight that this is just an example, a basic idea in which only the most

relevant information is shown. The database system can be extended according to specific

requirements asked by the customer.

We do not aim to focus on every specific implementation particular here, the goal of this handbook

is to give an introduction and a brief idea about a generic kind of database and how it can be used

and connected with the main software executing on a computer that is interfaced with the RFID

system.

The main tables of the DB include:

Employees: people working inside the Company, characterized by an unique ID (which is the

same one present in their personal RFID TAG card);

Employees Type: the table is required to specify the privilege level regarded to every kind of

employee; according to their privilege, the software can allow only certain operations;

Visitors: visiting people from the outside; like the employees they are characterized by an

unique ID but they are allowed to enter inside the building only for a given period of time;

In_Out: the table contains all the stored records of people entering end exiting the building,

specifying, for each of them, the entering and exiting time;

In_Rejects: information regarding people whose access has not been granted (that is, door

kept closed, red LED, etc…).

The database is continuously queried and updated by the software. In the diagram shown in the

previous page that describes the main shape of the database, it is possible to see a big arrow

coming from the “outer world”: it is the main query that the software performs to the database.

In fact, when an event happens (that is, an RFID read for example), the software must check a match

with the ID searching in the Employee table, but also inside the one of the Visitors.

Obviously, this is not the only interaction (direct connection) between the database system and the

software: in fact, the software itself can write (update) the tables In_Out or In_Rejects according to

the fact that a person grants or not the access. [ REF. 15 ]

Pag. 20

The software can dynamically vary the tables of the employees and the visitors, and so on.

Furthermore, the software can compute some outputs (for example, the amount of people in real

time) by querying and retrieving data from the table In_Out.

We will focus on this aspect (that is, the operative parts of the software) in the next section of this

chapter 3, that focuses on the work flow of the software.

The Database structure can be implemented using MySQL environment. For example, it is possible

to install a complete server solution on a PC like WAMP that also provides PHPMyAdmin control

panel that allows to easily create and setup the Database and its tables. For our example, this is a

possible output after using PHPMyAdmin tool:

3.1 – 3 MySQL Database Structure (Tables)

The one just quoted is a screenshot in which it is possible to identify the structure of the table

rfid_system, that is its tables. For each table, one or more fields need to be specified.

Obviously the number of entries (rows) in every table varies according to the need of the

management software, the time-evolution of the RFID system and other kind of events related to

the software-hardware interconnection. [ REF. 16 ]

Let us have a brief look inside the table Employees: this is its structure, as PHPMyAdmin shows us:

.

Pag. 21

3.1 – 4 MySQL Database, Employees table structure (Fields)

3.3 Software Work Flow

In this chapter, some flowcharts illustrating the main operations of the system will be shown. For

example, they will relate to set of operations like: start, execution, for example condition that if

matched green light, otherwise red light,… We will treat only some examples, the most relevant.

This workflow might be considered as raw reference when implementing the main software

executing on the machine to manage the RFID system. Software can be built starting from these

ideas and expanding it with more specific subroutines to add more functionalities and a better

degree of flexibility to your solution.

3.3.1 TAG Identification

This routine represents one of the main building blocks of the software running on the PC to

manage the RFID system. It regards the set of actions that need to be performed when a person

approaches close to the door and the RFID antenna detects a TAG in the proximity region. When

this action happens, the software has to check both inside the table of Employees and inside the

one of Visitors to check if the identified ID is present inside the database (and if the user has still

privileges to enter). If not, an error will be given and the door will not open, vice versa the system

will welcome the user inside the building.

Pag. 22

3.3.1 – 1 TAG identification flowchart

START

TAG ID detected?

Take ID as input

QUERY: select from Employees

table where ID matches the input ID

QUERY is null?

QUERY: select from Employees table where ID

matches the input ID

QUERY is null?

Turn ON RED light

Electronic Voice: «REJECT»

Write inside In_Reject DB

tables, recording input

ID and time

Turn ON GREEN light

Electronic Voice: «WELCOME»



ID and time

Open DOOR

Turn ON GREEN light

Electronic Voice: «WELCOME»



ID and time

Open DOOR

NO

YES

YESNO

YESNO

THE SAME FUNCTION CALL! Only the ID changes (but writing into In_Reject table

does not need to distinguish between Employee and Visitor!)

Pag. 23

In the flow chart just quoted we assume that the user, if found, has the right to access the building.

This assumption comes from a need of showing only the main idea and do not make the flowchart

too deep and complex. However, because inside the database other fields allow to check whether

the user (“Access_Enabled” for an Employee, “Visit_Starts” and “Visit_Ends” for a Visitor) is enabled

for the access, this further check actually needs to be performed. But it is just a matter of two more

nested IF conditions that needs to be checked after the QUERY returns a positive result – that is, it

effectively says that an user has been found. [ REF. 17 ]

3.3.2 People In Real Time

This script is one step closer toward the coding of the routine that computes the amount of people

in real time:

3.3.2 – 1 People in Real Time

START

User from GUI selects button

«View Real Time People»

Function Call

Retrieve information on

time (Year, Month, Day)

QUERY: select rows such that time is today

and ID is In but not Out

RETURN number of rows of the

QUERY

END

Pag. 24

Keeping in mind the structure of the tables that compose the database, it seems interesting to go

deeper regarding the QUERY just mentioned in this flow chart. We can make two assumptions:

Every person checks-in and then checks-out just one time every day. This is the easy

scenario, and the QUERY can assume the following structure:

SELECT ID FROM In_Out WHERE Date_Time=Today AND In_Out=1 AND ID NOT IN (

SELECT ID FROM In_Out WHERE Date_Time=Today AND In_Out=0 )

Every person can check-in and out more than one time ever day. For example, he goes out

for lunch time then comes back, or has to do something related to work outside the building

for some time, during the same day, and maybe even more than one time in the same day.

This situation in terms of QUERY is more complicated, and the structure can be modified as:

SELECT ID

FROM In_Out T1

WHERE T1.Date_Time=Today

AND T1.In_Out=1

AND P1.ID NOT IN ( SELECT ID

FROM In_Out T2


AND T2.In_Out=0

GROUP BY T2.ID

HAVING COUNT(*) = ( SELECT COUNT(*)

FROM In_Out T3


AND T2.In_Out=1

AND T2.ID=T3.ID ) )

Pag. 25

3.3.3 Add a visitor

The flow of operations to add a visitor to the Database is quite trivial, however it represent another

important part of the software and seems interesting to have a brief look at it. This procedure is

quite sequential, not too much checks need to be done nor conditional decisions are needed. We

assume that when the operator fills in the form with the visitor, the software already checks that all

required fields are full and that the input format is correct (for example, no letters in a phone

number fields, etc…):

3.3.3 – 1 Adding a new Visitor to the Database

3.3.4 Computation of total people checks-in and checks-out in one day

Given a time in a day, the software can compute until that moment and starting from the beginning

of the working day (that here we assume to be 8AM) the total number of checks-in and checks-on.

That is, the total number that the access door opened to let a person enter and the total opening

from the inside to the outside to let some of people that already entered going out. These counts

are given by two simple QUERIES. From the point of view of coding, the keyword COUNT(*) should

be used, after a selection returns a subset of the database both for the checks-in and for the

START

User from GUI selects button «Add Visitor»

New window opens, user fills in data about visitor

in a form

QUERY: write into Visitors

table the new entry

END

Pag. 26

checks-out. Finally, it is sufficient to assign those values to two variables and print their content

inside the graphical user interface.

Again, a brief flowchart illustrating the basics of this function is shown below:

3.3.4 – 1 Number of total Checks-in and Checks-out in one day

START

User from GUI selects button «Total Checks-in and out»

QUERY: number of entry in In_Out table when In_Out=1 for the current day

END

Function Call

Checks_In <= QUERY result count

QUERY: number of entry in In_Out table when In_Out=0 for the current day

Checks_Out <= QUERY result count

RETURN Checks_In and Checks_out

Pag. 27

3.4 Software graphical user interface design

Taking into account the Software Workflow routines, the next step is represented by the actual

coding of a software solution able to manage the RFID system. Again, in the following sub chapters

we provide a brief introduction, showing how the software can graphically interact with the user.

That is, the GUI (graphical user interface) design.

Every GUI needs to be designed in order to let the user feel comfortable with the software,

providing and highlighting the main functions and operations of the software and bringing them just

under the simple click of a mouse over a button in order to make easy the RFID software

management work.

This is why a few hints are present in the following paragraphs, where three main software interfaces

are partly developed and taken into account as starting idea for your own coding.

3.4.1 Registration of an Employee inside the system: RFID TAG set up

The first interface sets up a new RFID TAG, by associating an Employee personal information

(retrieved from the HR system) to it. The association is unique. Here the GUI design:

3.4.1 – 1 Add a new Employee to the RFID system

Pag. 28

As we can see, through this window it is possible to add a new Employee of the company to the

database, after fill up his personal information and his personal ID. While filling the ID field, the sub

field “Serial Number” of the RFID TAG (that is, the last part of the RFID ID sequence) will

automatically match the employee’s personal ID. The software allows to take under control the

relevant information concerning the RFID ID TAG that, it is important to specify again, is uniquely

associated to one employee.

Finally, by means of other software modules, it will be possible to specify to which areas of the

building the employee is able to get access. For example, we can exclude some doors to be opened

when he tries to access in order to restrict his privileges.

3.4.2 Real Time Tracking and Monitoring of the People Flow

Our RFID software is a real time complex environment, that acts by continuously monitoring the

activity of people in and out the building – that is, a tracking of people flow must be done. This

software window allows to check the current number of people inside the building, how many IN,

how many OUT and real time changing data in terms of check-in and check-out:

3.4.2 – 1 People Flow Tracking and Monitoring in Real Time

Pag. 29

As we can see, a table which is updated continuously shows every event (that is, RFID ID <-> Reader

communications). For example, we can see that in about the last thirty minutes, six actions

happened. Three employees successfully made a check-in, and the second one made a check-out

after a few minutes. Checks-in are highlighted in green, while checks-out in blue. If a reject happens

(and in the previous example it actually happens), the system shows a red highlight warning,

displaying again all the relevant information. [ REF. 18 ]

These events must be recorded inside the database, for future inspection. We already spent some

words discussing how important is to keep track of all the relevant information: this is why for every

entry we also keep track of the number of door where the check-in, check-out or reject happens.

A specific convention has been used: every door is numbered with two digits; the first one specifies

the floor, while the second one is the number of the door for that floor. For example, 3-2 means the

door number 2 of the 3rd floor.

3.4.3 People checks-in and checks-out as function of time

The last software graphical interface that is presented in this chapter is an idea of implementation

about the chapter “2.6 Find rules with figures (Amount_In vs Time; Amount_Out vs Time)”: an

interactive chart displaying people IN/OUT as function of time:

3.4.3 – 1 Checks-in and Checks-out as function of working time

Pag. 30

Two charts display the amount of successful checks-in and checks-out of people as function of time.

As we can see, a scrollbar situated in the lower side of the windows allows the user to adjust the

desired time of the current working day at which one wants to see the amount of people inside the

building at that time. In the example, at 1:30pm 180 people are physically present inside the building.

The software has been implemented using Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 Edition, with .Net

Environment and based on C# object-oriented coding language. [ REF. 19 ]

3.5 Product Selection

Once the software’s main idea has been devised, it is finally time to choose a proper hardware for

the RFID system. It will be basically a system made of:

Reader;

Antennas;

RFID ID compatible TAGS;

A proper protocol of communication with a computer system;

A set of DLL provided by the RFID system producer.

The last element of the list is more software-like, and it represents a very important parameter to be

taken into account when we select an RFID system rather than another one. DLL, aka Dynamic

Linked Library, is a more or less big package of software functions written by the RFID producer

which can be imported in the software environment we choose to utilize in order to implement our

RFID management software. The DLLs contain important routines in order to call, from an higher-

level software like C++, Java or C#, some low-level routines that are able to link directly the software

with the RFID hardware. We can think about a sort of “middleware” between the software we are

going to code and the RFID hardware system. [ REF. 20 ]

3.5.1 Main criteria to properly choose an RFID commercial product

It is time to buy the RFID hardware system that will be used for this project. How do we choose it?

Obviously some criteria should be accomplished in order to choose in a correct manner the best

product that suits our needs.

Pag. 31

Several factors can be considered. First of all, the fact that as engineers we have to accomplish our

customer’s specifications, the specifications themselves imply a first selection and discrimination

among products currently present on the market: some of those can include the frequency band,

the support for a certain number of antennas, the maximum distance at which a TAG can still be

read, the protocol and the connection with a computer system, an API support in order to help the

software coding. Other factors include obviously the price, some power requirements, and how the

RFID hardware system’s Company supports us in terms of customer assistance and documentation.

3.5.1 – 1 Main criteria to select some RFID hardware systems from the market

The market of RFID is a real jungle, but these criteria help a lot to walk through the wilderness and

pick up a solution that satisfies our needs. For this example, after searching over the web some

solutions, a possible system, which seems very valid, has been found: it is offered by Motorola and it

will be briefly introduced and presented in the following chapter.

COST

TAGs SUPPORTED BY READER

API SUPORT

PC CONNECTION / PROTOCOL

FREQUENCY BAND

MULTI-ANTENNA SUPPORT

TAGs MAX. READING DISTANCE

READER POWER SUPPLY WAY

SUPPORT / DOCUMENTATION

RFID

Vendors’

Offers

POSSIBLE

SOLUTIONS

Pag. 32

3.5.2 Motorola RFID system

Motorola possesses a quite strong product portfolio of RFID solutions, with more than 80 years of

industry leadership, the broadest RFID portfolio, accurately tested and proven RFID readers. The

Company has developed several strategies in the fields of radio communication devices, wireless

infrastructure, data capture and mobile computing products. The Company holds over 300 RFID

technology patents that have allowed it to deliver many industry firsts — including the first EPC RFID

handheld reader, the first EPC RFID portal system and the first EPC RFID mobile reader. Motorola

offers a business and industrial line of fixed, mobile, handheld and hands-free RFID readers that can

meet the needs of most any environment.

MOTOROLA RFID FIXED READER FX7400

The Motorola FX7400 RFID Reader packs the best-in-class RFID features into a sleek, attractive form

factor. With a low profile and impressive array of integrated features and functionality, the FX7400

makes RFID cost-effective for business class applications. Motorola ensures that the RFID reader

offers a high value with a low cost per read point.

Pag. 33

The FX7400 is easy to mount and manage. An auto discovery function helps detect devices once

they are plugged into the network; pre-defined configuration files simplify setup for various

applications and environments and a testing tool lets you verify that your FX7400 readers are up,

running and ready to put into operation. There is support for the Integrated Power over Ethernet

(PoE), while LLRP (low level reader protocol) support delivers seamless integration with the existing

IT infrastructure, including wireless LANs and standard middleware.

Highly integrated features, including PoE, GPIO and management software: provides a low cost per read

point — and a low TCO;

2-port and 4-port reader configurations: increases application flexibility and optimizes capital investments

EAHS (Environmental Air Handling Space): approved and suitable for plenum areas - operation within walls

and ceilings;

Open standards-based architecture:

• EPC standards-based defined reader management

• Auto-discovery

• Flexible firmware upgrade features

Next generation reader platform, including dense reader mode support: best-in-class read rates deliver

superior read performance;

Microsoft Windows CE 5.0 direct application hosting; 64 MB RAM/64 MB Flash: enables easy integration of

a wide range of thirdparty applications for fast application deployment; supports upgrading to meet future

requirements; maximizes product lifespan; provides outstanding investment protection;

EPC Global LLRP and RM interface support; comprehensive API support — .NET, C and Java: Simplifies

application development.

Full specifications:

Pag. 34

Finally, we can see further useful technical specification in which the FX7400 is compared with the

second fixed RFID reader currently offered by Motorola, the FX9500:

MOTOROLA RFID ANTENNA AN480

Motorola’s family of (RFID) Antennas offers the versatility and performance required to meet diverse

environmental and application needs. When used in conjunction with Motorola’s Fixed RFID Readers,

communication with Electronic Product Code compliant RFID tags is accurate, fast and efficient.

Pag. 35

The AN480 single port antenna offers maximum performance and flexibility. The low axial ratio is

nearly 50 percent lower than typical competitive devices, delivering a more uniform gain — and

better performance. The wide frequency range enables this antenna to be utilized in worldwide

deployments, providing cost-efficiencies and a simplified RFID infrastructure. The AN480 can be

installed throughout the enterprise in manufacturing and warehouse floor environments, or any

dock door receiving application. As with all Motorola antennas, the AN480 uses Motorola’s standard

mounting bracket - mounting the antenna for the first time or upgrading an existing Motorola

antenna with the AN480 is fast and easy.

Excellent wide frequency band antenna response covering 865 Mhz ~ 956 Mhz , ideally suited for global

deployments

Available in right and left hand polarization.

APPLICATIONS:

Ceilings and walls to create superior read zones around shelves

Doorways and chokepoints where boxes and pallets are moving through

Portals, outdoor gates and conveyors

Indoor and outdoor applications

Here a full-specs datasheet where this product is compared with the AN720, a more powerful of the

same series which is certificated compatible with the FX7400 reader as well:

Pag. 36

Finally, an useful detailed specification scheme is quoted below:

RFID TAGS: SELECTION

When it is about RFID TAGs, the market is really huge. A lot of Companies offer TAGs with different

form factors, materials, weight, cost and applications. Motorola, with the help of the Rutgers

University RFID Research Center, has developed the “RFID Tag Selection Report”, an huge report

that is a reference guide and resource that can help potential users identify the best tag(s) for their

prospective RFID application(s). The report includes RFID tag performance testing results, detailed

information about a wide range of RFID tags and information about providers of those tags. The

RFID readers and antennas used in this testing are all by Motorola. The TAGs come from an huge

variety of TAGs manufacturers. It is up to you to choose the TAGs that best fits your needs.

The solution of Motorola, from the Reader to the Antennas and the TAGs support is very complete.

From the technical datasheet it is possible that it completely matches our goal (the door access

control RFID system) and can thus be taken into account to be used as hardware part for our RFID

system.

Pag. 37

4 References

1. “Radio-frequency identification” – Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-

frequency_identification

2. “RFID (Radio Frequency Identification): Principles and Applications” - Stephen A. Weis, MIT CSAILB

3. An ebook regarding introduction on RFID – Novarex – www.rfid-soluzioni.com

4. “RFID Handbook - Fundamentals and Applications in Contactless Smart Cards and Identification” -

Klaus Finkenzeller, Wiley -

5. "Genesis of the Versatile RFID Tag" - http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/view/392/1/2

6. Landt, Jerry (2001). "Shrouds of Time: The history of RFID" -

http://www.transcore.com/pdf/AIM%20shrouds_of_time.pdf

7. Weis, Stephen A. (2007), RFID (Radio Frequency Identification): Principles and Applications -

http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.182.5224

8. Daniel M. Dobkin, The RF in RFID: Passive UHF RFID In Practice, Newnes 2008 ISBN 978-0-7506-

8209-1, chapter 8

9. Bill Glover, Himanshu Bhatt ,RFID essentials, O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2006 ISBN 0-596-00944-5

10. Paolo Magrassi (2001). "A World Of Smart Objects: The Role Of Auto Identification Technologies" -

http://www.gartner.com/technology/home.jsp

11. RFID's Second Wave, BusinessWeek - http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2005-08-08/rfids-

second-wave

12. Roberti, Mark (2004-12-16). "EPCglobal Ratifies Gen 2 Standard". RFID Journal -

http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/view/1293

13. Bill Glover, Himanshu Bhatt, RFID Essentials, O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2006 ISBN 0-596-00944-5

14. "Radio Silence". The Economist. 7 June 2007 -

http://www.economist.com/node/9249278?story_id=9249278

Pag. 38

15. "What's New". Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) - http://www.acq.osd.mil/log/rfid/index.htm

16. Ilyas, edited by Syed Ahson, Mohammad (2008). RFID handbook : applications, technology,

security, and privacy. ISBN 9781420054996

17. "System and Method for Providing a Low and Narrow-Profile Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

Tag" USPTO.GOV - http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-

Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-

adv.html&r=1&p=1&f=G&l=50&d=PG01&S1=20100127876&OS=20100127876&RS=20100127876

18. Markus Hansen, Sebastian Meissner: Identification and Tracking of Individuals and Social Networks

using the Electronic Product Code on RFID Tags - https://tepin.aiki.de/blog/uploads/2007-hansen-

meissner-tracking-epc-rfid-ifip.pdf

19. FTC "Radio Frequency Identification: Applications and Implications for Consumers" (March 2005) -

http://www.ftc.gov/os/2005/03/050308rfidrpt.pdf

20. RFID faq - http://www.rsa.com/rsalabs/node.asp?id=2120#13

5 Appendix: Motorola RFID solutions

Finally, in the following pages, some PDFs coming from Motorola global website illustrating all the

main aspects and features of the RFID solutions offered by Motorola. The information of Motorola

RFID reported in the previous chapters come all from these PDFs.

Motorola rFID at-a-GlancEMaxIMIzE thE bEnEFIts oF rFID wIth Motorola’s coMplEtE rFID proDuct portFolIo

PAGE 3

thE InDustry’s broaDEst portFolIo oF rFID rEaDErsMotorola’s RFID products help companies and organizations increase visibility through automation and allow them to more efficiently manage their operations. And, no matter where you want to deploy RFID, we have a reader for your application. Only Motorola offers a business and industrial line of fixed, mobile, handheld and hands-free RFID readers that can meet the needs of most any environment — from the carpeted office space to the retail sales floor, the warehouse, the production line and even the dock doors. Our fixed readers completely automate the capture of inventory information. Our handheld readers allow workers to keep accurate inventories and locate specific assets quickly and easily. While our mobile and hands-free readers allow for dynamic and point of sale read points, enabling increased visibility throughout the enterprise.

tEstED anD FIElD provEn bEst-In-class solutIonsMotorola has more fixed, handheld and portal RFID systems installed than any other RFID provider, so you get the peace of mind that comes from choosing

RFID products that are well-tested in practically every industry — including warehousing, retail, transportation and logistics, manufacturing, government, aviation, energy and utilities. And when you choose Motorola, you get access to our industry-leading, world-class partner network so you can get your RFID solution up and running rapidly, reducing deployment time and cost and allowing you to begin reaping the benefits of RFID faster, for a faster return on investment.

a lonG hIstory oF InnovatIvE tEchnoloGy, InDustry FIrsts anD a wEalth oF rEal-worlD ExpErIEncE In your InDustryWhen you choose Motorola, you get leading edge RFID technology. We hold over 300 RFID technology patents that have allowed us to deliver many industry firsts — including the first EPC RFID handheld reader, the first EPC RFID portal system and the first EPC RFID mobile reader. And when it comes to experience, Motorola is unsurpassed. We’ve spent decades deploying some of the world’s largest and most successful RFID implementations in some of the world’s largest companies.

EvErythInG you nEED to GEt thE Most out oF rFID In your busInEssWhen you choose Motorola for your RFID solution, you get the peace of mind that comes with more than 80 years of industry leadership, the broadest RFID portfolio, the most tested and proven RFID readers, plus performance that consistently sets the industry benchmark. In addition, our RFID solutions complement Motorola’s broader enterprise mobility portfolio of radio communication devices, wireless infrastructure, data capture and mobile computing products. Now, you can deliver the information each and every one of your workers needs to automate manual processes, improve efficiency and increase task accuracy. The result? Your employees will work more efficiently and be more productive. You’ll get more value out of your RFID data. And you’ll enjoy a faster return on your RFID investment.

Motorola gives you:

product Description Geographic availability*

operating system cpu Memory Expansion

slot

hanDhElD anD hanDs-FrEE rFID rEaDErs

Mc3190-z Designed specifically for customer-facing and business environments, the MC3190-Z starts with Motorola signature rugged design and high performance, then adds the ergonomics required for all day comfort and ease of use. Our advanced, high efficiency RFID reader engine delivers faster read rates and higher throughput. The groundbreaking antenna combines the benefits of linear and circular polarization for superior read range and coverage. And the MC3190-Z increases application versatility with the ability to read RFID tags, as well as capture 1D and 2D bar codes.

• NA • LATAM • EMEA • APAC

Microsoft® Windows® Mobile 6.5

Marvell PXA320 @ 624 MHz

256MB RAM; 1GB Flash

N/A

Mc9090-G rFID The industrial-class MC9090-G RFID brings handheld, on-the-spot RFID capabilities to the most extreme environments. These multimodal RFID readers provide mobile workers with all the tools needed to get the job done right and fast — with 1D/2D bar code scanning, digital imaging, RFID tag reading and writing, and wireless connectivity to business applications. With handheld RFID, you’re able to extend RFID to remote areas where fixed readers cannot reach. And throughout the supply chain, workers are able to pinpoint items, handle exceptions, pricing audits and changes, stock picking and more right on the fly.

• NA • LATAM • Middle East • APAC

Microsoft® Windows® Mobile 6.1 Premium Edition

Intel XScale™ BulverdePXA270 @ 624 MHz

64MB RAM; 128MB ROM

SD/MMC card

Mc9090-z The industrial-class MC9090-Z RFID handheld reader gives your workers the ability to capture a comprehensive range of data in the harshest environments. From RFID tag reading and writing to image capture, 1D/2D bar code scanning and 1D scanning at extended ranges, this multi-function device enables data capture in remote areas where fixed RFID readers can’t reach. Built on Motorola’s advanced RFID reader engine, it delivers superior read rates and higher throughput for increased productivity. Single device simplicity translates into a simpler and more cost-effective mobility architecture, and anywhere, anytime wireless connectivity provides the real-time information needed to enable more strategic decision-making.

• NA • EU

Microsoft® Windows® Mobile 6.1 Premium Edition

Intel XScale™ Bulverde PXA270 @ 624 MHz

64MB RAM; 128MB ROM

SD/MMC card

Ds9808-r The DS9808-R hybrid presentation imager is the first combination 1D/2D bar code scanner and RFID reader for hands-free and handheld data capture. In addition to UHF RFID tags, the DS9808-R delivers record swipe speeds for 1D and 2D bar codes, as well as the ability to capture images and signatures. It can also capture and parse the PDF417 bar codes on U.S. driver’s licenses and other AAMVA compliant ID cards for auto-population.

• NA • LATAM (select countries)

N/A N/A N/A N/A

Motorola’s FaMIly oF rFID rEaDErs

product DescriptionGeographic availability* read points External

Interfaces network

FIxED rFID rEaDErs

Fx7400 Easy to deploy, use, and manage, the FX7400 fixed RFID reader is ideally suited for indoor, space-constrained, customer-facing environments. This high performance reader packs best-in-class RFID features and functionality into a sleek, attractive form factor that makes RFID cost-effective for business-class applications such as item-level inventory management, IT asset management and more. The plenum rating increases deployment flexibilty — this reader can be safely mounted above a drop ceiling or below a raised floor, virtually invisible to customers and employees. Power over Ethernet (POE) eliminates the need for costly power drops, while other advanced features such as auto-discovery and remote configuration simplify management and offer easy integration into your existing technology environment.


4 mono-static ports

2 inputs, 2 outputs, optically isolated (Terminal Block); USB Client — USB Type B

10/100 BaseT Ethernet (RJ45) with PoE support

Fx9500 The rugged Motorola FX9500 Fixed RFID Reader is built to perform in today’s toughest industrial environments, and ready to meet tomorrow’s most advanced challenges. High read performance lets you quickly move and track high volumes of densely tagged cases, pallets and items, with greater accuracy, even in RF-challenging environments and with RF-challenging materials. Longer read ranges, an IP53 sealing rating and an extremely durable design make the FX9500 ideal for large distribution center and yard management applications. Add options for 4- or 8-port configurations and mono-static/bi-static modes, and the FX9500 delivers complete control for optimizing advanced applications.

• NA • EMEA

FX9500-4: 4 mono-static or 2 bi-static portsFX9500-8: 8 mono-static or 4 bi-static ports

4 inputs, 4 outputs, optically isolated (Terminal Block); USB Host & Client (Type A & B); Serial (DB9)

10/100 BaseT Ethernet; RJ45

MobIlE rFID rEaDErs

rD5000 The rugged RD5000 Mobile RFID reader extends the reach of your RFID network. Self-contained and cable-free, this compact reader can be easily installed anywhere — on material handling equipment such as forklifts, on mobile carts, portable skate wheel conveyors or even in hard to reach places where a cabled fixed reader would not be practical. Designed for true mobility and rugged use, the device provides real-time wireless LAN connectivity so assets and inventory are easily tracked as they move throughout your operations.

• APAC (select countries)• LATAM (select countries)• NA

N/A N/A 802.11a/b/g; WPAN

PAGE 4

*Check SolutionBuilder for country-specific availability APAC = Asia Pacific; EMEA = Europe, Middle East, Africa; LATAM = Latin America; NA = North America

product Display Keyboard sealing Drop spec tumble tested Data capture wireless warranty recommended

service

hanDhElD anD hanDs-FrEE rFID rEaDErs

Mc3190-z 3 in. QVGA color

48-key alphanumeric

IP54; meets and exceeds MIL-STD 810F

4 ft./1.2 m across the operating temperature range

500 1.64 ft./ 0.5 m tumblesat room temperature(1,000 hits)

Gen 2 RFID tags, omnidirectional reading of 1D and 2D bar codes

802.11a/b/g; WPAN Bluetooth® (regional dependent)

1 year Service from the Start with Comprehensive Coverage

Mc9090-G rFID 3.8 in. QVGA color

53-keyalphanumeric

IP64 (electronicenclosure, displayand keypad)

6 ft./1.8 m drops per MIL -STD 810G specifications

2,000 3.2 ft./ 1 m tumbles at room temperature(4,000 hits)

Gen 2 RFID tags,omnidirectional reading of 1D and 2D bar codes; image capture

802.11a/b/g; WPAN Bluetooth®

1 year Service from the Start with Device Management (North America); Service from the Start with Comprehensive Coverage

Mc9090-z 3.8 in. QVGA color

53-key alphanumeric

IP64 (electronic enclosure, display and keypad)

6 ft./1.8 m drops per MIL -STD 810G specifications

2,000 3.2 ft./ 1 m tumbles at room temperature (4,000 hits)

Gen 2 RFID tags, omnidirectional reading of 1D and 2D bar codes; image capture

802.11a/b/g; WPAN Bluetooth®

1 year Service from the Start with Device Management (North America); Service from the Start with Comprehensive Coverage

Ds9808-r N/A N/A N/A 4 ft./1.2 m drops to concrete

N/A Gen 2 RFID tags; 1D/2D bar codes; images and signatures

N/A 3 years Service from the Start Advance Exchange Support

PAGE 5

Motorola’s FaMIly oF rFID rEaDErs (continued from page 4)

product DescriptionGeographic availability* read points External

Interfaces network

FIxED rFID rEaDErs

Fx7400 Easy to deploy, use, and manage, the FX7400 fixed RFID reader is ideally suited for indoor, space-constrained, customer-facing environments. This high performance reader packs best-in-class RFID features and functionality into a sleek, attractive form factor that makes RFID cost-effective for business-class applications such as item-level inventory management, IT asset management and more. The plenum rating increases deployment flexibilty — this reader can be safely mounted above a drop ceiling or below a raised floor, virtually invisible to customers and employees. Power over Ethernet (POE) eliminates the need for costly power drops, while other advanced features such as auto-discovery and remote configuration simplify management and offer easy integration into your existing technology environment.


4 mono-static ports

2 inputs, 2 outputs, optically isolated (Terminal Block); USB Client — USB Type B

10/100 BaseT Ethernet (RJ45) with PoE support

Fx9500 The rugged Motorola FX9500 Fixed RFID Reader is built to perform in today’s toughest industrial environments, and ready to meet tomorrow’s most advanced challenges. High read performance lets you quickly move and track high volumes of densely tagged cases, pallets and items, with greater accuracy, even in RF-challenging environments and with RF-challenging materials. Longer read ranges, an IP53 sealing rating and an extremely durable design make the FX9500 ideal for large distribution center and yard management applications. Add options for 4- or 8-port configurations and mono-static/bi-static modes, and the FX9500 delivers complete control for optimizing advanced applications.

• NA • EMEA

FX9500-4: 4 mono-static or 2 bi-static portsFX9500-8: 8 mono-static or 4 bi-static ports

4 inputs, 4 outputs, optically isolated (Terminal Block); USB Host & Client (Type A & B); Serial (DB9)

10/100 BaseT Ethernet; RJ45

MobIlE rFID rEaDErs

rD5000 The rugged RD5000 Mobile RFID reader extends the reach of your RFID network. Self-contained and cable-free, this compact reader can be easily installed anywhere — on material handling equipment such as forklifts, on mobile carts, portable skate wheel conveyors or even in hard to reach places where a cabled fixed reader would not be practical. Designed for true mobility and rugged use, the device provides real-time wireless LAN connectivity so assets and inventory are easily tracked as they move throughout your operations.

• APAC (select countries)• LATAM (select countries)• NA

N/A N/A 802.11a/b/g; WPAN

product Frequency tag protocol

host Interface protocols

Management protocols

rugged specs.

operating temp.

operating system

Memory warranty recommended service

FIxED rFID rEaDErs

Fx7400 902 MHz-928 MHz,865 MHz-868 MHzOther global frequencies as regionally defined

EPC Gen 2 (Dense Reader Mode)

LLRP + RM, C, Java API

RM 1.0.1 (with XML over HTTP/HTTPS and SNMP binding); AirBEAM firmware upgrade (Level 2 support)

• -4° F to +131° F-20° C to +55° C

Microsoft® Windows® CE 5.0 (Core)

64MB Flash; 64MB DRAM

1 year RFID Design and Deployment Services; Service from the Start On Site System Support

Fx9500 902 MHz – 928 MHz, 865 MHz – 868 MHz, and all sub-bands

EPC Gen 2 (Dense Reader Mode)

LLRP + RM RM 1.0.1 (with XML over HTT P/HTT PS and SNMP binding)

IP53 -4° to +131° F/ -20° to +55° C

Linux 128MB Flash; 128MB DRAM

1 year RFID Design and Deployment Services; Service from the Start Advance Exchange Support

MobIlE rFID rEaDErs

rD5000 902-928 MHz EPC Gen 2 (Dense Reader Mode)

N/A N/A IP66 -4° F to 122° F-20° C to 50° C

Microsoft® Windows® CE 5.0

64MB Flash; 64MB DRAM

1 year Advanced Services for RFID; Service from the Start On Site System Support

Description type/ Gain

Frequency range

operating temp. sealing Environmental worldwide

use services

rFID antEnnas

an200 The general purpose AN200 RFID antenna can be used reliably in a wide range of indoor and outdoor environments, from the warehouse to the production line to the docking zone. Its rugged design withstands a range of environmental conditions from extreme heat and cold to moisture and vibration. The AN200 Antenna can be used in standard RFID applications at power levels of up to 1 watt and in customized applications at power levels up to 20 watts.

General purpose,indoor/ outdoorRFID antenna

6 dBi

900-928 MHz (Will perform reasonably well in EU frequency in most applications)

-40° F to 149° F-40° C to 65° C

Supports weep holes

Cold, heat, temperature,shock, humidity, rain, salt fog, random vibration

•*

N/A

an400 The AN400 dual-element antenna brings a new level of operational efficiency to areas previously too large to accommodate RFID technology. The single housing packaging makes it cost-effective and ideally suited for bi-static operation. These high-performance area antennas are easy to mount on ceilings and walls to create superior read zones around shelves, doorways and dock doors — anywhere boxes and pallets are moving into and out of a facility.

High-performance dual RFID antenna, ideal for bi-static operation

6 dBi

900-928 MHz (Will perform reasonably well in EU frequency in most applications)

32° F to 122° F0° C to 50° C

Supports weep holes

Cold, heat, temperature,shock, humidity, rain, salt fog, random vibration

•*

N/A

an480 The AN480 single port antenna offers the flexibility and performance required to meet the needs of enterprises around the world. A perfect complement to Motorola’s FX7400 RFID Reader, the AN480 can be installed throughout the enterprise in manufacturing and warehouse floor environments or any dock door receiving application. A low axial ratio delivers a more uniform gain for superior performance. And as with all Motorola antennas, the AN480 uses our standard mounting bracket — so mounting the antenna for the first time or upgrading an existing Motorola antenna with the AN480 is fast and easy.

High-performance indoor wide band RFID antenna

6 dBi

865-956 MHz -40° F to 149° F-40° C to 65° C

IP54 Cold, heat, temperature,shock, humidity, rain, salt fog, random vibration

•

N/A

an610 The ulta-low profile small AN610 Slimline antenna offers the “picture-frame” discreet aesthetics needed in smaller workspaces, such as boutique apparel shops and bookstores. This easy-to-mount space-saving and stylish antenna is discreet enough for businesses with the most discerning customers, yet rugged enough to handle everyday life wherever you need an RFID reader: in a doorway, on an end-cap display, on shelves, above the counter as an RFID pad, on the wall.

Flat panel, slim line, ultra-low profile “picture-frame” aesthetic antenna

1.0 dBiL

864-868 MHz (EU Version)902-928 MHz (US Version)

-22° F to +149° F-30° C to +65° C

N/A N/A

•

N/A

an620 The ulta-low profile AN620 offers the same “picture-frame” discreet aesthetics as the AN610 in a slightly larger form factor that offers an increased read range. The AN620 is designed for larger customer-facing sales spaces — such as do-it-yourself or large department stores — where the increase in performance will ensure accurate reading of many items, while helping to minimize the volume of readers required. The AN620 offers the same rugged specifications as the AN610, and can be installed virtually anywhere in your customer-facing areas — from doorways and walls to shelves, end-cap displays, at the point-of-sale, under the counter or even above the counter as a RFID pad.

Flat panel, slim line, ultra-low profile “picture-frame” aesthetic antenna

4.0 dBiL

864-868 MHz (EU Version)902-928 MHz (US Version)

-22° F to +149° F-30° C to +65° C

N/A N/A

•

N/A

Motorola’s FaMIly oF rFID antEnnas

PAGE 6

Description type/ Gain

Frequency range

operating temp. sealing rugged tested worldwide

use services

rFID antEnnas

an710 The compact AN710 RFID antenna offers all the features required for carpeted and customer-facing environments. A low gain antenna (3.5 dBi), the AN710 is extremely compact and offers the sleek aesthetics needed for discreet installation in the most space-constrained spaces — for example, under the point of sale (POS) counter. And an integrated mounting bracket enables easy installation in minutes.

Compact generalpurpose indoorantenna

3.5 dBi

US and Canada:900-928 MHzEurope:865-868 MHz

-22° F to 158° F-30° C to 70° C

N/A N/A

•

N/A

an720 Similar to the AN710, the AN720 RFID antenna features a compact form factor and discreet aesthetics for customer-facing environments. Together, the two models provide coverage wherever you need it — the AN710 on the sales floor and the AN720 at the dock door or outdoor shopping areas. The device is built for rough environments — it’s impact and vibration resistant, and can withstand exposure to rain, snow and extreme temperatures.

Compact ruggedindoor-outdoorantenna

3.5 dBi

US and Canada:900-928 MHzEurope:865-868 MHz

-22° F to 158° F -30° C to 70° C

IP67 Cold, heat, temperature,shock, humidity, rain, salt fog, random vibration

•

N/A

Motorola’s FaMIly oF rFID antEnnas (continued from page 6)

rFID antenna notices

Repairs of Motorola RFID antennas for fixed readers may require the use of Motorola proprietary parts (and/or Motorola proprietary information). Motorola will sell these parts (and provide this proprietary information) only to end-user customers for self-service. Applicable in the U.S. For all other countries, please contact the Motorola account manager in your area for further details.

The antenna frequency specification and label is a characteristic trait of the antenna’s peak frequency response. The RFID reader, when professionally installed and selected for a country of operation, dictates the actual frequency of transmission/reception to ensure regulatory compliance for operation in a designated country. The actual frequency specification of the antenna is not material to regulatory compliance.

* The AN400 and AN200 will perform reasonably well in EU frequency in most applications.

Let Motorola Solutions help you make the most out of RFID in your business. For more information, please visit www.MotorolasolutIons.coM/rFID

PAGE 7

PAGE 1

PRODUCT SPEC SHEET MOTOROLA FX7400

MOTOROLA FX7400 BUSINESS-CLASS FUNCTIONALITY IN A COMPACT, SLEEK DESIGNThe Motorola FX7400 RFID Reader sets a new standard in design for indoor customer-facing and carpeted environments — packing best-in-class RFID features into a sleek, attractive form factor. With a low profile and impressive array of integrated features and functionality, the FX7400 makes RFID cost-effective for business class applications such as item-level inventory management, IT asset management and more. This standards-based device integrates easily into your existing technology environment, delivering superior performance and simplified management. Flexible enough to support your business needs today and in the future, the RFID reader offers outstanding value with a low cost per read point, investment protection and superior total cost of ownership (TCO). And the FX7400 expands our RFID fixed reader portfolio to serve both business-class and industrial environments.

EASY TO USE, DEPLOY AND MANAGEThe FX7400 is easy to mount and manage. The reader simply snaps into the supplied bracket. An auto discovery function helps detect devices once they are plugged into the network; pre-defined configuration files

simplify setup for various applications and environments and a testing tool lets you verify that your FX7400 readers are up, running and ready to put into operation. No outlet nearby? No problem. Integrated Power over Ethernet (PoE) gives businesses the freedom to place the FX7400 wherever it is needed most, without the hassle or cost associated with installing power outlets — ideal for the large open common areas in retail storefronts. LLRP (low level reader protocol) support delivers seamless integration with your existing IT infrastructure, including wireless LANs and standard middleware, such as IBM WebSphere and Microsoft BizTalk. And the ability to host third party applications further simplifies application deployment, allowing you to easily customize applications to meet your business needs today and tomorrow.

A SMART INVESTMENT WITH A LOW TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP (TCO)With the FX7400, you get big business benefits — effortless real-time accurate inventory visibility and a superior TCO. A choice of either two or four monostatic ports lets you purchase only what you need, no more no less. With the integrated optically isolated General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) interface, there’s no need to purchase, install and manage additional hardware.

FIXED RFID READER FOR CUSTOMER-FACING ENVIRONMENTS

FEATURES

Highly integrated features, including PoE, GPIO and management software Provides a low cost per read point — and a low TCO

2-port and 4-port reader configurations Increases application flexibility and optimizes capital investments

EAHS (Environmental Air Handling Space) Approved and suitable for plenum areas - operation within walls and ceilings.

Open standards-based architecture: • EPC standards-

based defined reader management

• Auto-discovery • Flexible firmware

upgrade features

Seamlessly integrates with existing IT environments; enables remote and centralized management; simplifies and reduces the cost of set-up, deployment, testing and management

PRODUCT SPEC SHEET MOTOROLA FX7400

A flexible radio architecture minimizes the complexity of multinational deployments and simplifies the technology architecture in distributed environments. Integrated PoE support provides a substantial cost savings — up to $1000 per electrical drop. And our centralized remote management tools significantly reduce IT management time and cost.

END-TO-END LIFECYCLE SUPPORTNo matter what help you might need, we have you covered. Our full suite of services offers ‘from the manufacturer’ expertise throughout the entire lifecycle of your solution — from assessment, commissioning and rollout to ongoing training and day-to-day support. Our RFID Advanced Services provide the assistance you need

to architect your solution for your business, processes and environment, ensuring that your pilot or full-scale rollout is designed to deliver peak performance — and maximum benefits. And post deployment, Motorola’s Support Services provide the everyday support you need to keep your RFID solution up and running day in and day out, with service programs that include 24x7 on-site coverage and preventive maintenance visits.

For more information on how the FX7400 RFID Reader can benefit your business, please visit us on the web at www.motorolasolutions.com/FX7400 or access our global contact directory at www.motorolasolutions.com/contactus

SPECIFICATIONS CHARTPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Dimensions 7.7 in. L x 5.9 in. W x 1.7 in. D (19.56 cm L x 14.99 cm W x 4.32 cm D)

Weight 1.8 lbs ± 0.1 lbs (0.82 kg ± 0.05 kg)

Housing Material Die-cast aluminum, sheet metal and plastic

Visual Status Indicators

Multicolor LEDs: Power, Activity, Status and Applications

Mounting Keyhole and standard VESA (75mm x 75mm)

CONNECTIVITY

Communications 10/100 BaseT Ethernet (RJ45) w/ POE support; USB Client (USB Type B)

General Purpose I/O 2 inputs, 2 outputs, optically isolated (Terminal Block)

Power Supply +24Vdc or POE (IEEE 802.3af)

Antenna Ports FX 7400-4: 4 mono-static ports (Reverse Polarity TNC) FX 7400-2: 2 mono-static ports (Reverse Polarity TNC)

ENVIRONMENTAL

Operating Temp. -4° to +131° F/-20° to +55° C

Storage Temp. -40° to +158° F/-40° to +70° C

Humidity 5-95% non-condensing

REGULATORY COMPLIANCE

Safety UL 60950-01, UL 2043, IEC 60950-1, EN 60950-1

RF/EMI/EMC FCC Part 15, RSS 210, EN 302 208, ICES-003 Class B, EN 301 489-1/3

SAR/MPE FCC 47CFR2:OET Bulletin 65; EN 50364

Other ROHS, WEEE

HARDWARE, OS AND FIRMWARE MANAGEMENT

Memory Flash 64 MB; DRAM 64 MB

Operating System Microsoft® Windows® CE 5.0

Firmware Upgrade Web-based and remote firmware upgrade capabilities

Management Protocols

RM 1.0.1 (with XML over HTTP/HTTPS and SNMP binding); AirBEAM firmware upgrade (Level 2 support)

Network Services DHCP, HTTPS, FTPS, SSH, HTTP, FTP, Telnet, SNMP and NTP

Air Protocols ISO 18000-6C (EPC Class 1 Gen 2, v1.2)

Frequency (UHF Band) Global Reader: 902 MHz~928 Mhz, 865 MHz~868 MHz US (only) Reader: 902 MHz to 928 MHz

Power Output +15dBm to +30dBm

IP addressing Static and Dynamic

Host Interface Protocol

LLRP

API Support .NET, C and Java

Warranty The FX7400-4 and FX7400-2 are warranted against defects in workmanship and materials for a period of one year (12 months) from date of shipment, provided the product remains unmodified and is operated under normal and proper conditions.

RECOMMENDED SERVICES

Support Services Service from the Start Advance Exchange On-Site System Support Support

Advanced Services RFID Design and Deployment Services

Part number: SS-FX7400. Printed in USA 03/12. MOTOROLA, MOTO, MOTOROLA SOLUTIONS and the Stylized M Logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Motorola Trademark Holdings, LLC and are used under license. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. ©2012 Motorola Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.

Next generation reader platform, including dense reader mode support Best-in-class read rates deliver superior read performance

Microsoft® Windows® CE 5.0 direct application hosting; 64 MB RAM/ 64 MB Flash Enables easy integration of a wide range of third-party applications for fast application deployment; supports upgrading to meet future requirements; maximizes product lifespan; provides outstanding investment protection

EPC Global LLRP and RM interface support; comprehensive API support — .NET, C and JavaSimplifies application development

COMPREHENSIVE RFID ANTENNA PORTFOLIO FOR DIVERSE APPLICATION NEEDS

MOTOROLA RFID ANTENNA FAMILYMotorola’s family of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Antennas offers the versatility and performance required to meet diverse environmental and application needs — including customer-facing areas, warehouses and outdoor environments. When used in conjunction with Motorola’s Fixed RFID Readers, communication with Electronic Product Code (EPC™)-compliant RFID tags is accurate, fast and efficient. Vital components in reader-tag communications, our family of efficient, high-performance antennas can meet the needs of any RFID solution.

PRODUCT SPEC SHEETMOTOROLA RFID ANTENNA FAMILY

MOTOROLA RFID ANTENNAS— A VITAL RFID SYSTEM COMPONENTRFID Antennas complement the portfolio of Motorola enterprise mobility solutions that enable organizations to capture, move and manage critical information to and from every point of business activity. In combination with Motorola’s fixed readers, these efficient antennas deliver high-throughput, high capacity communication of EPC-compliant RFID tag data.

SERVICES COMPLETE THE SOLUTIONTo help you seamlessly and successfully integrate your RFID Antennas into your environment, Motorola offers a complete suite of services that span the entire solution lifecycle — from initial planning and assessment through ongoing training and support.

ON THE FLOOR ...

IN THE FIELD ...

IN THE WAREHOUSE ...

VERSATILITY AND PERFORMANCE TO MEET YOUR DIVERSE APPLICATION NEEDS

CHOOSE THE RIGHT ANTENNA FOR YOUR APPLICATION

NOTES:

The antenna frequency specification and label is a characteristic trait of the antenna’s peak frequency response. The RFID reader, when professionally installed and selected for a country of operation, dictates the actual frequency of transmission/reception to ensure regulatory compliance for operation in a designated country. The actual frequency specification of the antenna is not material to regulatory compliance.

ANTENNA AN200 AN400 AN480 AN610 AN620 AN710 AN720

ENVIRONMENT

Business-class • • • • •

Industrial-class – Indoor • • • • • •

Industrial-class – Outdoor • • • •

VALUE SOLUTION • •

COMPACT SLIM SLIM • •

HIGH PERFORMANCE/HIGH GAIN (DB) • • •

POLARIZATION R & L Circular R & L Circular/Dual R & L Circular L Circular L Circular L Circular L Circular

The AN400 and AN200 will perform reasonably well in EU frequency in most applications.


GENERAL PURPOSE SLIM LINE COMPACT

Motorola’s complete family of RFID antennas meets the needs of virtually any RFID application. Choose the antenna that is designed for your environment — carpeted, industrial or outdoors, delivers the right level of performance, meets mounting requirements and fits in your budget.


GENERAL PURPOSE

AN200: GENERAL PURPOSE ANTENNA FOR INDOOR OR OUTDOOR APPLICATIONGet the convenience of a versatile antenna that can be utilized throughout your enterprise, from the warehouse floor and production line to outside the dock door. Able to withstand extreme heat and cold as well as moisture and vibration, the AN200 is ideal for nearly any application, including retail, manufacturing, wholesale distribution, healthcare, government and more.

This all-purpose antenna can be used in standard RFID applications with power levels up to one watt, as well as custom high-power applications requiring up to 20 watts. The antenna is traditionally used in pairs, with right and left hand polarization.

FEATURES Supports drain holes for use in direct rain, snow or high humidity environments

APPLICATIONS Dock doors, portals, outdoor gates

AN400: HIGH-PERFORMANCE AREA ANTENNA FOR HIGH-CAPACITY, HIGH THROUGHPUT ENVIRONMENTSGet the capacity and range you need to enable RFID tag reading in large areas with the AN400 high-performance area antenna. This general-purpose area antenna is optimized to perform in all environments. Easy to mount on ceilings and walls, the AN400 enables the easy creation of superior read zones around shelves, doorways and dock doors — anywhere boxes and pallets are moving into and out of a facility.

These packaged, rectangular antenna arrays offer a wide read field and high-speed RF signal conversion for fast and optimal communication of EPC-compliant passive tag data. High-performance area antennas are typically used in applications requiring the longest read ranges and highest levels of performance. They meet standard technical requirements for any RFID implementation and are deployment-ready with Motorola RFID fixed readers.

FEATURES • Dual-element, ideal for bi-static operation. • Can be used as two separate mono-static antennas in one package.

APPLICATIONS • Ceilings and walls to create superior read zones around shelves• Doorways and chokepoints where boxes and pallets are moving through• Portals, outdoor gates and conveyors• RF-challenging environments

FEATURES • Excellent wide frequency band antenna response covering 865 Mhz ~ 956 Mhz , ideally suited for global deployments

• Available in right and left hand polarization.

APPLICATIONS • Ceilings and walls to create superior read zones around shelves• Doorways and chokepoints where boxes and pallets are moving through• Portals, outdoor gates and conveyors• Indoor and outdoor applications

AN480: WIDE BAND ANTENNA FOR WORLDWIDE USEThe AN480 single port antenna offers maximum performance and flexibility. The low axial ratio is nearly 50 percent lower than typical competitive devices, delivering a more uniform gain — and better performance. The wide frequency range enables this antenna to be utilized in worldwide deployments, providing cost-efficiencies and a simplified RFID infrastructure. The AN480 can be installed throughout the enterprise in manufacturing and warehouse floor environments, or any dock door receiving application. As with all Motorola antennas, the AN480 uses Motorola’s standard mounting bracket — mounting the antenna for the first time or upgrading an existing Motorola antenna with the AN480 is fast and easy.


SPECIFICATIONS AN200 AN400 AN480PHYSICAL

Dimensions without 11.1 in. L x 11.1 in. W x 1.9 in. D 28.3 in. L x 12.5 in. W x 1.5 in. D 10.2 in. L x 10.2 in. W x 1.32 in. D mounting screws: 281.9 mm L x 281.9 mm W x 48.3 mm D 717 mm L x 317 mm W x 38 mm D 259.1 mm L x 259.1 mm W x 33.5 mm D

Dimensions with 11.1 in. L x 11.1 in. W x 1.9 in. D 28.3 in. L x 12.5 in. W x 2.25 in. D 10.2 in. L x 10.2 in. W x 1.98 in. D mounting screws: 281.9 mm L x 281.9 mm W x 48.3 mm D 717 mm L x 317 mm W x 57.15 mm D 259.1 mm L x 259.1 mm W x 50.3 mm D

Connector Type “N” female Type “N” female (2 qty) Type ‘N’ female

Connector Position Rear Pig-tail

Mounting bracket Available separately

Weight 3 lbs./1.36 kg 7 lbs./3.2 Kg 2.5 lbs./1.13 kg

Casing Aluminum with plastic cover Aluminum with polycarbonate cover Aluminium with white plastic cover

OPERATIONAL

Freq. Range 900-928 MHz 865-956 MHz

Gain 6.0 dBiL 6.0 dBiL

VSWR (Return Loss) 1.22 : 1(20 dB) 1.3 : 1

Front to Back Ratio > 10dB 18 dB

Polarization LHCP or RHCP Port1- RHCP; Port2- LHCP LHCP or RHCP

3db Beam Width 60° 60° 65°

Max Power 20 watts 10 Watts 2 watts

Axial Ratio < 3 db 3.5 dB 1.5 dB

ENVIRONMENTAL

Oper. Temps -40° F to +149° F, -40° C to +65° C -13° F to +158° F, -25° C to +70° C

Environmental Sealing Weep holes IP54

Storage Temperature -40°F to +158° F, -40°C to +70° C

Vibration IEC-68-2-6 (10 to 150 Hz, 0.5 g, IEC-68 series one hour in each of two axes) (Random Vibration)

Humidity IEC-68-2-30 (-13° F to 104° F, -25° C to 40° C) IEC 68-2-30 24 hour cycles of 90% relative humidity

COMPLIANCE

TAA Compliant YES NO

Port to Port Isolation 38dB

SPECIFICATIONS AN610 AN620PHYSICAL

Dimensions: 10.8 in. L x 8.42 in. W x 0.47 in. D 15.39 in. L x 10.82 in. W x 0.47 in. D 275 mm L x 214 mm W x 12 mm D 391 mm L x 275 mm W x 12 mm D

Connector Type “N” female

Connector Position Side

Mounting bracket Integrated mounting holes

Weight 1.3 lbs./ 0.6 kg 2.2 lbs./ 1.0 Kg

Casing Superior Kydex

OPERATIONAL

Freq. Range 864-868 MHz (EU Version) 902-928 MHz (US Version)

Gain 1.0 dBiL 4.0 dBiL

VSWR (Return Loss) 1.4 : 1

Front to Back Ratio 18 dB 22 dB

Polarization LHCP

3db Beam Width 80° in both phases 75° horizontal , 48° vertical

Max Power 6 watts

Axial Ratio < 2 dB

ENVIRONMENTAL

Oper. Temps -22° F to +149° F, -30° C to +65° C

Storage Temperature -40° F to +158° F, -40°C to +70° C

Vibration IEC-68-2-6 (10 to 150 Hz, 0.5 g, one hour in each of two axes) (Random Vibration)

Humidity IEC-68-2-30 (-13° F to 104° F, -25° C to 40° C) 24 hour cycles of 90% relative humidity


FEATURES Flat panel, slim line antennas

APPLICATIONS Suitable for use in indoor environments: wall mount, doorways, under counter, above counter as an RFID pad, on shelves, on end-cap displays, POS etc.

SLIM LINE

AN600 SERIES: SLIM LINE, ULTRA-LOW PROFILE ANTENNAWhen your application calls for a “picture-frame” aesthetic antenna deployment, look to the newest ultra-low profile members of the Motorola family – the AN610 and AN620 Slimline Antennas. The AN610 and AN620 feature a simple, integrated mounting system that lets them stand just under one-half inch (12mm) from horizontal or vertical mounting surfaces. Space-saving and stylish, the outer housing is designed to be sleek and discreet enough to be at home in any business setting but rugged enough for indoor industrial environments. A perfect complement to the FX7400 RFID reader, the AN600 series antennas are ideally suited for use in wall mount, doorways, under counter, above counter as an RFID pad, on shelves, POS or end-cap displays like jewelry counter applications.

SPECIFICATIONS AN710 AN720PHYSICAL

Dimensions without 5.75 in. L x 5.75 in. W x 0.69 in. D 5.2 in. L x 5.2 in. W x 0.7 in. D mounting screws: 146.05 mm L x 146.05 mm W x 17.53 mm D 132.8 mm L x 132.8 mm W x 18.1 mm D

Dimensions with N/A mounting screws:

Connector Type ‘N’ female

Connector Position Pig-tail Rear

Mounting bracket includes articulating mount

Weight 1.1 lbs/0.5 kg 0.8 lbs/0.37 kg

Casing White ABS plastic Aluminium with white plastic cover

OPERATIONAL

Freq. Range 900-928 MHz (US) & 867-870 MHz (EU) 900-928 MHz (US) & 865-868 MHz (EU)

Gain 3.0 dBiL US/Canada: 3.0 dBiL; Europe: 3.5 dBiL

VSWR (Return Loss) 2 : 1 1.5 : 1

Front to Back Ratio > 10dB 8db

Polarization LHCP

3db Beam Width 80° 100°

Max Power 10 watts

Axial Ratio < 3 db 2 dB

ENVIRONMENTAL

Oper. Temps -22° F to +158° F, -30° C to 70° C -13° F to +158° F, -25° C to +70° C

Environmental Sealing IP 65 Vented IP67

Storage Temperature -40° F to +158° F, -40° C to +70° C -40° F to +158° F, -40°C to +70° C

Vibration EN 61373, IEEE 1478, Mil-810G MIL-STD-810

Humidity Not Spec’d IEC-68-2-30

COMPLIANCE

TAA Compliant YES

FEATURES • Industrial class, IP 67 rated

• Wide beam-width of 100 degree for wider coverage

• Ideal for short range applications to create targeted zones

APPLICATIONS • Suitable for use in Indoor and outdoor environments

• Indoors: In doorways, shelves, end-cap displays

• Outdoors: Doorways, small conveyors


FEATURES • Thin profile

• Low gain (~3dB) antenna for short range applications to create targeted zone

APPLICATIONS Suitable for use in Indoor environments: in doorways, on shelves, on end-cap displays, on conveyors, or POS etc.

COMPACT

AN700 SERIES: COMPACT ANTENNAS FOR CUSTOMER FACING ENVIRONMENTSThe AN700 Series antennas offer all the features required for carpeted and customer-facing environments. A perfect complement to Motorola’s FX7400 RFID Reader, the AN700 Series antennas are extremely compact, offering the aesthetics required for the most discreet installation in the most space constrained areas — for example, under the point of sale (POS) counter. The integrated mounting bracket enables easy installation in minutes. The AN710 is designed for inside the four walls. The rugged AN720 is designed to withstand exposure to rain, snow and extreme temperatures — ideal for the receiving dock doors or outdoor shopping areas.

Date post:	10-Aug-2015
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