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Lecture 6 Slides

Go to TA sections; challenge them!

Come to R’s and/or TAs office hours2130 Pac Hall Mon 2-3

Tue 2-3

details on course web site:

http://course.ucsd.edu/rhampton/bibc102

Warburg Effect

the Warburg effect is the observation that most cancer cellspredominantly produce energy by a high rate of glycolysisfollowed by lactic acid fermentation in the cytosol

Otto HeinrichWarburg

1931 Nobel Prizein Medicine

Warburg Effect

fig 14-10

Gettingother sugarsinto theglycolyticpathway

pg 545

A second route for fructose (in liver)

Glycogen: nature’s sugar bowl

fig 14-11 more about glycogen later

Liberating glucose units from glycogen

From glycogen to glycolysis…

phosphogluco-mutase

another mutase…

fig 14-1

Now what?

fig 14-1

Now what?

fig 14-1

Now what?

Fermentation: anaerobicmetabolism of glucosewithout oxidation...

pg 547

LDH converts pyruvate to lactate, restoring the pool of NAD+

pg 547

LDH converts pyruvate to lactate, restoring the pool of NAD+

pg 547

ethanol production: another NAD+ restoration strategy

fig 14-14

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP): an activated carbon

fig 14-14

Thiamine pyrophosphate in ethanol production

fig 14-14

TPP as a carbanionnucleophilein pyruvate metabolism

fig 14-14

TPP as a carbanionnucleophile in pyruvate metabolism

fig 14-14

TPP as a carbanionnucleophile in pyruvate metabolism

TPP-mediated enzymatic reactions

TPP is all about carbonyl activationtable 14-1

The glycolysis energy landscape

(pyruvate set to 0)

Regulated glycolytic enzymes

hexokinse (and glucokinse)

phosphofructokinase (PFK-1)

pyruvate kinase

regulated by G6P allosterically

liver isozyme is glucokinase, different

regulated by ATP, citrate, and fatty acids

The glycolysis energy landscape

(pyruvate set to 0)

regulation of hexokinase: isozymes can differ

fig 15-12

fig 15-14

PFK-1 :a rightfancy enzyme!

fig 15-14

PFK-1: allosteric regulation by ATP, etc…

PFK-1: allosteric regulation by ADP, etc…

xxx

fig 15-14

FPK-1 has multiple allosteric regulators

fig 15-14

Our book’s notation for regulators

inhibition activation

fig 15-14

PFK-1 has multiple allosteric regulators

fig 14-21

Glucose asa source ofother stuff

Pentosephosphatepathway

oxidative reactions

fig 14-21

Pentosephosphatepathway

oxidative reactions

fig 14-21

Pentosephosphatepathway

oxidative reactions

fig 14-21

Pentosephosphatepathway

oxidative reactions

fig 14-22

Pentose phosphate pathway: non-oxidative rxns

all movementof carbonyl groupsto and fro…

fig 14-22

Pentose phosphate pathway: non-oxidative reactions

2C

2C

2C

3C2C

3C

end of lecture 6

pg 547

LDHconverts pyruvateto lactate, restoring the pool of NAD+