RhdAlitiResearch and Application of CCS in Chinaof …€¦ · RhdAlitiResearch and Application of...

R h d A li tiResearch and Application of CCS in Chinaof CCS in China

Lidong WangCollege of Environmental Science & Engineering

North China Electric Power University

5th IEA GHG Risk Assessment Network Workshop, May 17-19, 2010

Research and Application of CCS in China

Present situation of CO2 emission1

2 Financial allocation2

Research on CCS in China3

CCS application in China4

ese c o CCS C3

Research achievement of NCEPU5

Prospect of CCS in China6







ese c o CCS C3




Amounts of CO2 emission by the main countries

3000 12Total

1500

2000

2500

3000

emis

sion

,Mt

6

8

10

12

on p

er c

apita

, tPer capita

0

500

1000

Tot

al C

O2

0

2

4

CO

2 em

issi

o

Amounts and construction of Chinese energy consumption

US China Russia India Japan Germany Australia S.Africa UK Korea

2500

3000

coal

water,nuclear and windNatural gasPetroleum

1500

2000

umed

ene

rgy,

s of s

tand

ard Coal

500

1000

Con

su

mill

ion

tons

01997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Constructure of energy consumed of the main countries in 2007

Petroleum

50

60

70

80 PetroleumNatural gasCoalNuclearWater and others

20

30

40

50（%）

0

10

20

US Canada France Germeny Italy UK Russia Japan Korea India China Total

Chinese industry distribution of consumed coalin 2007Others 11%

Supply and demand of coal from 2008 to 2010Chemical

industry, 6%

Others, 11%

4000

5000

6000

tons

Coal export

Chemical industry

Cement

Buildingmaterials, 16%

Electricity, 51%

2000

3000

4000

Coa

l, m

illio

n Steel

Electricity

coal import

Coal supply

Steel, 16%0

1000

2008 2009 2010

Coal supply

Consumed petroleum and speed increase in China

400 20Consumed petroleum

Speed increase

250

300

350

m,m

illio

n to

n

12

14

16

18

e, p

erce

nt

Speed increase

100

150

200

onsu

med

pet

role

um

4

6

8

10

Spee

d in

crea

se

0

50

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year

Co

0

2

4 S

Petroleum demand in China for prediction

600

700

800

900

million Kerosene demand

Diesel demand

G li d d

100

200

300

400

500

600

etroleum, m

tons

Gasoline demand

Petroleum demand

0

100Pe

2008 2010 2015 2020

Year

Amounts of Chinese generated electricity

2500

3000

3500

illio

n kw

h12

14

16

18

ent

Gemerated electricity

Comparative growth

1000

1500

2000

Elec

tric

ity, b

i

4

6

8

10

12

Perc

0

500

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

0

2

Power structure in China Consumed standard coal by the power plant over

600000

700000

800000

city,

MW Nuclear electricity

Water electricity

Thermal electricity800

1000

llion

ton

Consumed standard coal by the power plant over600MW in 2007

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

stalled capc

200

400

600

anda

rd c

oal,

mi

0

100000

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year

Ins

0

200St

a

Coal Oil Gas

Present situation of CO2 emission in China2

A large carbon emitting country second only to USA large carbon emitting country second only to US2.700 billion tons per year

Coal is the main energy source70.4 percent energy was consumed in the form of coal

Most of the coal is burned to produce electricity Coal fired electric power is the main form of power productionCoal-fired electric power is the main form of power production, 75 percent of total generating capacity

Carbon emission reduction of Chinese power industry is significant







ese c o CCS C3




National Project

973 projectp j

Resource utilization and underground deposited of greenhouse gases enhancing oil recovery supportedgreenhouse gases enhancing oil recovery, supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of People's Republic of China, 2006

863 projectCarbon capture and storage technics, Supported by p g , pp ythe National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program), 2008


Enterprise ProjectEnterprise Project

China National Offshore Oil Corporation project

Utilization techniques of CO2 on a large scale. China NationalUtilization techniques of CO2 on a large scale. China National Offshore Oil Corporation, Eleventh Five-Year major projects

China National Petroleum Corporation project, P t ChiPetroChina

Development, utilization, and storage of CO2 in the natural gas,

2007, major science and technology projects


International cooperative projectsInternational cooperative projects

Cooperation Action within CCS China-EU， COACH，

2006Near Zero Emissions Coal (NZEC) Initiative，China-UK，2007

China Australia Geological Storage (CAGS) project, China-jAustralia，2008







ese c o CCS C3




CO2 capture & storage (CCS)Three basic technologies for capturing CO2 from energy systems: Pre-combustion; Oxy fuel; Post-combustion.

Research on CO2 absorption in ChinaNo. Author Year Research

1 Zhen Jiao 2006 CO2 solubility in aqueous monoethanolamine(MEA) and aqueous di th l i (DEA) l ti t l CO ti ldiethanolamine(DEA) solutions at low CO2 partial pressure

2 Shuiping Yan

2006 Analyses and research progress of CO2 separation from flue gas by chemical absorption

3 Jinlian Wang 2007 Absorption of CO2 by blended chemical absorbents, including methyldiethanolamine(MDEA), piperazine (PZ), 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol(AMP), monoethanolamine(MEA) and diethanolamine(DEA)

4 Yue Wang 2008 Thermodynamics of carbon dioxide absorption in diethelenetriamonine(DETA)

5 Yongping Zhang

2008 Carbon dioxide absorption by methyldiethanolamine(MDEA)

6 Wei Zhao 2008 Absorption and regeneration of CO2 by aqueous sodium glycinate solutions2

7 Qiuhua Wang

2009 Absorption and desorption of CO2 by alcamines, consisting 2-(aminoethylamino)ethanol(AEE) +N-methyldiethanolamine(MDEA)

8 Chunying 2009 Chemical absorption of CO2 into monoethanolamine(MEA) aqueous solutionZhu

2

9 QuanminXue

2009 Absorption of CO2 into aqueous N-methyldiethanolamine(MDEA)

10 Shiji L 2009 Ab bi d d bi f CO i h i l i h


10 Shijian Lu 2009 Absorbing and desorbing of CO2 in the enamine solutions, such as diethelenetriamonine(DETA), triethylene tetramine (TETA), triethylenediamine (TEDA), monoethanolamine(MEA), and diethanolamine(DEA)

Absorption of CO2p 2

The most mature and promising technology of CO2g gy 2

capture

R t d b MEA b tiRepresented by MEA absorption

Applied in large-scale industrialized

Absorbent is easily degradable

Result in serious equipment corrosionq p

High energy consumption by regeneration


Research on CO2 adsorption in ChinapNo. Author Year Research

1 Hua Mei 2003 Research for capability of active carbon used for removing carbon dioxide by PSA

2 Wensi Qiu 2004 Research on the solid amine resin for adsorbing

3 Xianghua Xu 2004 Numerical simulation of adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide by solid amine

4 Bo Guo 2006 The adsorption of CO and CO2 on activated carbon

5 Li Li 2006 Adsorptive process for CO2 at high temperature using adsorbents, such as active carbon, zeolite，metal oxide, hydrotalcite compound and lithium compound

6 Huayao Huang 2007 Study on CO2 adsorption rate on solid amine fiber

7 Fei Chen 2007 The performances of active carbons for the carbon dioxide removal by PSA

8 Lidan Zhang 2007 Properties of activated carbon for carbon dioxide adsorption

9 Nailiang Li 2007 Influence of pressure equalization on VPSA for low concentration carbon dioxide separation

10 Bo Wang 2007 Research and development of an absorbent for carbon dioxide removal

11 Peiyuan Li 2008 Preparation and property of amine group containing fibrous adsorbent for carbon dioxide capture

12 Yue Wang 2008 Research on the solid amine resin for adserbing

13 Hui Zhang 2009 Industrial experimental research on collection of carbon dioxide with low concentration from flue gas by pressure swing adsorption using silica gel

f


14 Yanfang Huang 2009 Characterization of small pore zeolites with CO2 adsorption

15 Shibin Geng 2009 Static adsorption performance of lithium hydroxide tablet absorbent for CO2

Adsorption of CO2p 2

Adsorbents have high specific surface areaAdsorbents have high specific surface area and activity, such as activated carbonEasy and simple to handle Easy to realize the automatic control y

Adsorption capacity is low Poor selectivity


Research on membrane separation of CO2 in Chinap 2 No. Author Year Research

1 Jiang Wu 2003 Gas permeability of novel α-cellulose membrane, comparing with cellulose acetatemembrane, benzoylated cellulose membrane and polysulfone membrane, y p y

2 Xiangqun Ye 2003 CO2 removal from air by polypropylene hollow-fiber membrane-based absorption system,using alkanolamine as absorbents

3 Zhi Wang 2003 Simulation for CO2 absorbed in hollow fiber membrane absorber, using water，NaOH，monoethanolamines(MEA) and 2 amino 2 methyl l propanol(AMP) as absorbentmonoethanolamines(MEA) and 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol(AMP) as absorbent

4 Wei Chen 2004 Study on hollow fibre membrane contactor for the separation of CO2

5 Wenfeng Yuan 2004 CO2 separation from flue gases by polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor, usingMEA，MDEA or amino acid salt(AMA) as absorbents

6 Donglan Huang

2004 Influencing factors of CO2 absorption by means of polypropylene hollow fiber membranecontactor, using water，potassium carbonate solution and sodium hydroxidesolution as absorbents

7 Zhifeng Fan 2005 Study on CO2 removal by hollow fiber membrane modules, using MEA as absorbentg y 2 y , g

8 Jiangnan Shen

2005 Study on poly(AM-MA) membrane and its sorption behavior of CO2 and CH4

9 Weifeng Zh

2006 Separation of CO2 from flue gas using hollow fiber membrane contactorsZhang

10 ChengguiSun

2007 Mass transfer mechanism of CO2 absorption through a non-porous hollow fiber contactor,using silicone rubber-polysulphone hollow fiber composite membranes

11 Weifeng 2007 Comparison of dissociation performance of CO2 from flue gas by hollow fiber membrane


Zhang2

contactors12 Weifeng

Zhang2008 Experimental comparison of flue gas CO2 separation with membrane absorption and

chemical absorption, using MEA as absorbents

Membrane absorption of CO2

Using hollow fiber as membrane contactors, polypropylene as membrane materialsTaking alkanolamines as absorbents gIntegrating the advantages of membrane and chemical absorption technologieschemical absorption technologies

Low flux of flue gasLow service life of membrane materialsLow service life of membrane materialsMicropore membrane got wet by absorbentHard to handle thermalstability of absorbent


Hard to handle thermalstability of absorbent

Summarize of CO2 capture researchSummarize of CO2 capture research

Absorption, adsorption and membrane have p , ptheir own characteristics and disadvantages.

Investment and operation cost, mainly for regeneration of absorbent or adsorbent, areregeneration of absorbent or adsorbent, are high.

Most of the technologies are still immature, and being in stage of laboratory research.and being in stage of laboratory research.


Research on CO2 storage in China2 gNo. Author Year Research

1 Zhihong Ma 2001 Experimental study of mechanism of exploiting coal-bed methane by injecting CO2 or N2

2 Xiaoehun Li 2003 CO2 aquifer storage and the related rock mechanics issues

3 Junhong Wang

2005 The analysis on the feasibility of CO2-ECBM

4 Hongguan Yu 2005 Characteristics and predictions for adsorption isotherms ofmethane／carbon dioxide binary gas on coals

5 Hongtao Zhang

2005 Conditions for CO2 geological sequestration in China and some suggestions

6 ji 20066 Dongjing Chen

2006 CO2 storage and emission from non-energy use in China

7 Xiaochun LI 2006 Ranking and screening of CO2 saline aquifer storage zones in China

8 Yanfeng Liu 2006 Preliminary estimation of CO2 storage capacity in gas fields in China

9 Bing Bai， 2006 Influence of C02-induced swelling on casing stability in CO2-ECBM

10 Weiguo Liang 2007 Investigation on CO2 geologic sequestration in salt caverns11 Qiang Zhou 2008 Research progress of CO storage in coal seam11 Qiang Zhou 2008 Research progress of CO2 storage in coal seam12 Wei Zhang 2008 CO2 storage capacity estimation in geological sequestration13 Yongpin Zhan 2008 Optimizing of CO2 storage and oil recovery 14 Eryong Zhang 2009 Key techniques research of CO2 storage in salinity aquifer


y g g Key techniques research of CO2 storage in salinity aquifer

15 Runjian Wu 2009 Estimation of CO2 storage capacity in deep saline aquifer in Songliao sedimentary basin

CO2 storage capacity and distribution in China

200

CO2 Storage Capacity in Geological Sequestration in China

100s

CO2 Storage Capacity of Salinity Aquifer

80

120

160

ge c

apci

ty, b

illio

nto

ns

40

60

80

capc

ity,b

illio

n to

n

0

40

Stor

ag

Salinity aquifer Oil-gas field Coalbed 0

20

Stor

age

c

land continental shelf

CO2 Storage Capacity of Oil-gas Field CO2 Storage Capacity of Coalbed

30

on to

ns

4

6

llion

tons

10

20

ge c

apci

ty,b

illio

2

4

rage

cap

city

,bi

0

Stor

ag

land continental shelf0

Sto

Erdos Turpan-kumul Dzungaria others

Summarize of CO2 storage research in China2 g

CO2 storage is a very complicated process, where there are much uncertainty, time-variant property, nonlinearity and dynamic.

The published literatures in China focused on themechanism of geological sequestration technologymechanism of geological sequestration, technologydevelopment, lab-scale or pilot experiments, storagecapacity, numerical simulation and model building etc.

The research on CO2 storage is still at an early stage2 g y gof exploration and lack of the investigation onoptimization of storage process, real time control andrisk analysis method


risk analysis method.






ese c o CCS C3




Application of CCS in ChinaNo. 1 2 3 4

Power plant Beijing Power Shidongkou Shuanghuai Assumed

Application of CCS in China

Power plant Beijing Power plant

Shidongkou Power plant

Shuanghuai Power plant

Assumed

time 2008.7.16 2009.12.30 2010.1.21

scale demonstration demonstration demonstration

investment 28 million ￥ 130 million ￥ 12.4 million ￥ 600 million￥

Capture amount

3,000 t/a 100,000~160,000 t/a

10,000 t/a 1,000,000

Dealt flue gas 66000 Nm3/h

CO2 release 4,000,000 t/a

Installed 2×600MW+2×660 2×300MW 300MWInstalled capacity

2×600MW 2×660MW

2×300MW 300MW

Energy consume

Increase 20-50%

Capture cost <30$/t 394 ￥/t 50~80$

CO2 purity Food grade Food grade industrial grade

Capture MEA MEA MEA


method

CO2 capture demonstration project in Beijing Power Plant

P t b ti t h i l b ti


Post-combustion capture, chemical absorption processCO2 purity: 99.5%; Capacity: 3000t/a (CO2 )

CO2 capture demonstration project in Beijing Power Plant


IGCC projects in China

China plans to build several IGCC plants in futureChina plans to build several IGCC plants in future, some of them will plan to adopt CCS

China Huaneng Group (CHNG) plan to build a 250MW IGCC and a 400MW IGCC in Tianjin

China Datang Group and China Electric Investment Gro p plan to b ild 3 5 IGCC nits ith 300 400MWGroup plan to build 3~5 IGCC units with 300~400MW

An IGCC power plant named the Tai Yangzhou Power Plant will be built in Donguan, Guangdong province ……


Some materials of EOR in ChinaSome materials of EOR in China

• China has a proved OOIP of low-permeability oil-

bearing reservoir as 6 32 billion tons 28 1% ofbearing reservoir as 6.32 billion tons, 28.1% of

the total proven OOIP.

• Gas or CO2 injection could improve the oil

recovery of these oil fields.

• CO2 is a valuable resource for oil production.


CO2 EOR pilot projects

Jilin Oil Field CO flooding 2006Jilin Oil Field, CO2 flooding, 2006CO2 source，natural gas, 10-14% of CO2，10 injection wells and 28 production wells;10 injection wells and 28 production wells;

D i Oil Fi ld CO fl di 2007Daqing Oil Field, CO2 flooding, 2007CO2 source，natural gas, 20% of CO2

Shengli Oil Field, CO2 flooding, 2007，CO2 source，power plant，13.5%, 4.15×106 t/y，4 injection wells and 12 production wells


j p

CO2 storage in coal bed

CUCBM－Alberta academy，CO2 injection experiments into the single well in shallow coal bed，South Qinshui basin, Shanxi province, 2002-Q , p ,

methane production increased, 2.8 to 15

192.8 t of CO2 injected, 30-40 t released

Shenhua Group plans to set up a demonstration

project of CO2 storage in saltwater layer with scale of

100 000 tons per year in Erdos


100,000 tons per year in Erdos.






ese c o CCS C3




Research achievement of NCEPU

AchieveAchievementsments 61 mentsments 61

2 5

3 43


1. Development of novel absorbentp

A novel absorbent:molecular imprinting compoundswith active coke being as framework

Many advangates:high selectivity, big absorption capacity, easy-

desorption feature, low cost, long life service, can be l d f ti

E i t

recycled for many times.

Experiments:Several influencing factors on COCO22 capture havealso been carried out


also been carried out.

2. Development of novel absorbentsp

A novel adsorbent:solid carbonate absorbentusing cinder as its skeleton,

Many advangates:big adsorption capacity, low cost, high physical

strength, long life service

Characteristics:adsorption capacity of 0.2 (g CO2/g absorbent)can be recycled over 10 times.


3. Prediction model on phase equilibrium and interfacial 3. Prediction model on phase equilibrium and interfacial tension of supercritical COtension of supercritical CO22--EOR processEOR processpp 22 pp

Research on chemical fluid characteristics:di ti d l f h ilib iprediction model for phase equilibrium

interfacial tensiond i l icondensation nucleation rate

Model development:Model development:supercritical CO2-hydrocarbon supercritical CO water system

Predicting the supercritical CO -EOR process:

supercritical CO2-water system

Predicting the supercritical CO2-EOR process:supercritical CO2-heavy hydrocarbon system,visualized operating software


visualized operating software

4 Carbon chemical engineering and carbon recovery

Composed catalysts for chemical synthesis of COComposed catalysts for chemical synthesis of CO2

Exploitation of multi-purpose novel composed

catalysts under laboratory conditioncatalysts under laboratory condition

synthesis of carbamide, salicylic acid, cyclic carbonate

esters, polycarbonate and methanol and so on

Cu-Zn catalysts modified by the addition of Ti


5. Clean coal technology and CCSgy

Sino-Italian cooperation :National Ministry of Science and TechnologyItalian Environment Homeland and Marine Ministry and Italian

National Power Companyp y

Main role of NCEPU:Draft Sino-Italian cooperation proposal,Taking part in the Sino-Italian cooperation seminarMaking complete cooperative recommendationsMaking complete cooperative recommendations

NCEPU are carrying out a lot of researchUltra-supercritical unit, energy-loss diagnosis and optimizationDynamic simulation of ultra-supercritical unit


Oxy-combustion CO2 separation and capture process, etc.

66 carboncarbon dioxidedioxide capturecapture andand storagestoragepp gg

SinoSino--UK nearUK near--zero emissions coal cooperation project zero emissions coal cooperation project (NZEC)(NZEC)

NCEPU is responsibleNCEPU is responsible forforsimulation, analysis and optimization of postsimulation, analysis and optimization of post--combustion CO2 combustion CO2 capture for existing subcapture for existing sub--critical and supercritical power plantcritical and supercritical power plant

NCEPU works onImpact of recycling CO2 on the thermodynamic, technical and

i feconomic performance;Integration of CO2 recycling flow with power systemComprehensive assessment and optimization


p p

OnlineOnline monitoringmonitoring systemsystem onon unitunit performanceperformance


Supercritical unit simulator developed by NCEPU







ese c o CCS C3




CCS, close or remote ?CCS, close or remote ?

COCO22 Capture in ChinaCapture in China2 2 ppChemical absorption is the promising technologyChemical absorption is the promising technologyInvestment and energy consumption gy p

COCO22 Storage in ChinaStorage in ChinaCOCO2 2 Storage in ChinaStorage in ChinaRisk assessment Risk assessment Process monitoringProcess monitoringProcess monitoringProcess monitoringRemission and remedy


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