Date post: | 08-Apr-2018 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | arzeena-hamir |
View: | 215 times |
Download: | 0 times |
of 28
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
1/28
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
2/28
A sleepy rice market: the calm before the storm?
http://irri.org/knowledge/publications/rice-today/rice-facts/a-sleepy-rice-market-the-calm-before-the-storm
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
3/28
Outline
1. Climate Change / Global Warming
What is it? Is it happening? Are we causing it?
2. What does it mean for
Long term trends? Extreme weather?
3. What are the impacts of climate change on rice?
4. What are the impacts of rice on climate change?
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
4/28
Greenhouse Effect
from Carbon Neutral: http://www.carbonneutral.com.au/climatechangediagram.htm
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
5/28
2009 State of the Climate Report US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/cmb/bams-sotc/2009/bams-sotc-2009-brochure-hi-rez.pdf
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
6/28
2009 State of the Climate Report
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
7/28
2009 State of the Climate Report
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
8/28
2009 State of the Climate Report
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
9/28
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carbon_History_and_Flux.png
Human Caused? Yes!
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
10/28
The world is warming and the past decade wasthe warmest on record.
Global warming is undeniable.
Global warming is caused by human activity.
In Summary:
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
11/28
Thompson Reuters Humanitarian Alert Net
http://www.alertnet.org/db/an_art/60167/2010/02/3-161204-1.htm
What does it mean?
1st:
Long Term Changes
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
12/28
http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/43107859/ns/business-consumer_news/
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
13/28
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8629379.stm
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
14/28
http://www.scidev.net/en/news/climate-change-threatens-important-mangroves.html
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
15/28
Long term trends: Impacts on food supply so far
Corn and Wheat:
3 % decrease in production
20 % increase in cost
Source: Climate Trends and Global Crop Production Since 1980
David B. Lobell, Wolfram Schlenker, and Justin Costa-Roberts
Science 5 May 2011: 1204531
Rice and Soy:
minimal impact onproduction or price
on average
but...
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
16/28
Future trends: sea level rise, changes in salinity, temperature rise,
precipitation and CO2 changes, increase in pests, disease, weeds.
One estimate: 15 percent decrease in yields in developing countries,
12 percent increase in prices by 2050 (but population growth?)http://irri.org/news-events/information-campaigns/climate-change-and-rice/impact-of-climate-change-on-rice?print=1&tmpl=component
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
17/28
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/aug/09/weather-hampers-pakistan-flood-relief
What does it mean?
2nd:
Extreme Events
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
18/28
Typhoon Xangsane -- September 2006
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
19/28
Vietnam: One province, 50 to 60 percent of
rice crop lost from single storm
http://www.fidr.or.jp/english/activity/vietnam/03.html
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
20/28
The frequency of extremely heavy rain and
floods increases as global warming increases.
Dr James Hansen: What Climate Change Looks Like ... So Far
http://www.columbia.edu/~jeh1/mailings/2010/20100813_WhatGlobalWarmingLooksLike.pdf
Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
21/28
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/interactive/2009/dec/02/world-climate-anomalies-map
http://www.unep.org/pdf/ccScienceCompendium2009/cc_ScienceCompendium2009_full_en.pdf
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
22/28
http://www.mapsofworld.com/world-top-ten/countries-with-most-rice-producing-countries.html
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
23/28
Source: World Bank Environment Department June 2009
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/ENVIRONMENT/Resources/ESW_EcosystemBasedApp.pdf
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
24/28
The consequences of climate change are
alreadyunfolding.
We are locked in to further increases intemperature and related impacts even if we
stop polluting right now.
Long term trends and extreme weather both
have an impact on rice production.
In Summary:
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
25/28
http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/guidelin/ch4ref5.pdf
Climate Impactsfrom rice:
Rice is a wetland crop
Flooding produces methane
Powerful greenhouse gas
http://www.pnas.org/content/99/19/11993.full
http://www.ibp.ethz.ch/research/environmentalmicrobiology/research/Wetlands
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
26/28
Rice production is one of the top human sources of methane
New farming techniques can reduce emissions
Can be an important short term solution!
US EPA via http://oceanlink.island.net/ONews/ONews7/methane.html
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
27/28
http://archive.irri.org/Aerobic_Rice/adb_south_asia/watersaving.html
Summary
Climate change will constrain rice supply and increase cost
Rice production is a significant contribution to climate
change
8/6/2019 Rice and Climate Change
28/28
Questions
Is rice an environmentally sound food choice?
Should we be paying more for climate friendly rice?
If supplies of rice are constrained, what does our
demand for rice here do to prices in other countries?
Should we be eating local staples instead?