Riparian Ecology ManagementStudy (REMS)

Washington Dept. of Ecology, Lacey, WA U.S.A / J. Janisch and W. Ehinger

WA DNR project: determine best management for small non-fish basins. if buffers, what design?• last state forested flowing water type• fish streams, amphibians, small mammals,

invertebrates high in watershed

TEMPERATURE, PART IIAIR (+ a little water)

• flower pots w/camo paint, vents• sensor suspended by string• ~1.5 m above forest floor • along stream, ~2-5 m off-channel

-so inside buffer, stream bubble-and multiple sensors per stream

• also mainstem and transects

EXPECTED TO MAKE MORE HEADWAY BUT

DIFFICULT

SO, TOUR THE DATA

EXAMPLES, ALL RAW DATA—JUL AND AUG

design

• DNR LANDS, 8 STANDS TOTAL• LATERAL STREAMS, SEASONAL AND PERENNIAL • BACI: REF CC FIX (ie, continuous) VAR

• AIR TEMPERATURE ONLY MONITORED IN 6• TEMP COLLECTION TO CONTINUE 2+ YEARS

POST-HARVEST• DRYING, INTERIOR STAND TEMP, TRT RESPONSE• DOES AIR TEMP TRANSLATE INTO WATER TEMP?

Type 5 by definition seasonal

Type 4/5: bfw<2ft; with or without well-defined channels andareas of perennial and/or seasonal seepage.

Two regions: Black Hills ~inland (70km)Willapa Hills ~coastal (25 km)

• 3 stands /region

HW network

M

Washington, USA N

WEIR

CHANNEL,CONFLUENCE

FOCUS

TEMP, PAIRED

200+ SENSORS30 MIN READINGS

PRE-HARVEST: SOME SOURCES OF VARIATION

AUG 05

JUN 03

NOV 03

FEB 07

harvest period

study period

range of basin area: ~1-7.5 habasin threshold/evapotranspiration may matter

range of channel length: ~100-400 m

storage above basin: ground vs. surface

flow: perennial vs seasonal drying

summer volume differences: 0-~400 ml/sec

slope: >35 % segments to fairly flat

velocity early and late: ~0.1-0.6 m/s

harvest timing varies air temp calibration period 1-2.5 summers

(gradient)

some blowdown /buffer width variation

POST-HARVEST: ADDITIONAL VARIATION

missing treatments /anova unbalanced

REGION STAND REF CC FIX VAR

COASTAL 1 ELFLCOASTAL 2 MCCOCOASTAL 3 LORIINLAND 4 MOSHINLAND 5 ROTTINLAND 6 SESA

drying

continuous flowsummer dryingalways dry

INLAND 1 2 3

T M W T M W T M W

A

B

C

D

COAST 4 5 6

T M W T M W T M W

A

B

C

D

STAND

10

20

30

40

AC

_M

AX

PRE-HARVEST (2003)max air temp at weir (low)

INLAND COASTAL

DESPITE VARIATION, AREPRE-HARVEST AIR TEMPSBETWEEN REFERENCE BASINSSIMILAR?

REFERENCE BASINS

range of mean about 5°C

A B C DWATERSHED

10

15

20

25

30

35

AC

_MA

X

A B C DWATERSHED

15

20

25

30

35

AC

_MA

XPRE-HARVEST 2003 max air temp at weir (low)

MS LR

INLAND (BH) COASTAL (WH)

drydry byoct 1

HOW ABOUT BASINS WITHINA STAND?

range 3-4°C

ELFL LORI MCCO MOSH ROTT SESA0

9

18

27

36

45

AIR

AN

D W

AT

ER

MA

X, L

OW

WC_MAXAC_MAX

ELFL LORI MCCO MOSH ROTT SESASTAND

5

10

15

20

WC

_M

AX

HOW ABOUT WATER TEMP---DOES IT CORRELATE WITHWATER TEMP?

PRE-HARVEST 2003 air AND water temp at weir (low)

REFERENCE BASINS

water temp at weir, max july-aug

air temp at weir, max july-augunclear.multi-year data and other details may resolve

drying

water only

compact signallong and short streamsconsistent source

POST HARVEST 2006

ELFL LORI ROTT SESASTAND

10

20

30

40

AP

_M

AX

ELFL LORI MCCO MOSH ROTT SESASTAND

10

20

30

40

AP

_M

AX

CLEARCUT CONTINUOUS

ELFL LORI ROTT SESASTAND

10

20

30

40

AC

_M

AX

ELFL LORI MCCO MOSH ROTT SESASTAND

10

20

30

40

50

AC

_M

AX

UP

PE

R S

TA

TIO

NLO

WE

R S

TA

TIO

N

drying, top

drying, bottom

perennial

always dry

drying

blowdown

how about post harvest,clearcut vs buffered?

AIR ONLY

Jan 3Mar 3

May 3Jul 3

Sep 3Nov 3

Jan 4Mar 4

May 4Jul 4

Sep 4Nov 4

Jan 5Mar 5

May 5Jul 5

Sep 5Nov 5

Jan 6Mar 6

May 6Jul 6

Sep 6Nov 6

Jan 70

9

18

27

36

45

AT

_M

AX

(H

an

d L

) V

S W

T_

MA

X (

L),

(C

)

WC_MAXAC_MAXAP_MAX

Jan 3Mar 3

May 3Jul 3

Sep 3Nov 3

Jan 4Mar 4

May 4Jul 4

Sep 4Nov 4

Jan 5Mar 5

May 5Jul 5

Sep 5Nov 5

Jan 6Mar 6

May 6Jul 6

Sep 6Nov 6

Jan 70

9

18

27

36

45

AT

_MA

X (

H a

nd

L)

VS

WT

_M

AX

(L

), (

C)

WC_MAXAC_MAXAP_MAX

POST-HARVEST EXAMPLE (2006): WH (coastal)

REFERENCE CLEARCUT

2003 2003 2006

road

harv

est

headwall differentthan weir

water temp at weir, max july-aug

air temp at weir, max july-aug

air temp at headwall, max july-aug

convergence,effect penetration?mainstem buffer

drying?

cc: min &max AT increasewater temp increases

2006

EF_b

Jan 3Mar 3

May 3Jul 3

Sep 3Nov 3

Jan 4Mar 4

May 4Jul 4

Sep 4Nov 4

Jan 5Mar 5

May 5Jul 5

Sep 5Nov 5

Jan 6Mar 6

May 6Jul 6

Sep 6Nov 6

Jan 70

9

18

27

36

45

AT

_M

AX

(H

an

d L

) V

S W

T_

MA

X (

L),

(C

)

WC_MAXAC_MAXAP_MAX

2006 POST-HARVEST EXAMPLE: WH (coastal)

REFERENCE CONTINUOUS

2003 2003 2006

road

harv

est

headwall differentthan weir but reversed

water temp at weir, max july-aug

air temp at weir, max july-aug

air temp at headwall, max july-aug

more blowdown,convergence

2006

Jan 3Mar 3

May 3Jul 3

Sep 3Nov 3

Jan 4Mar 4

May 4Jul 4

Sep 4Nov 4

Jan 5Mar 5

May 5Jul 5

Sep 5Nov 5

Jan 6Mar 6

May 6Jul 6

Sep 6Nov 6

Jan 70

9

18

27

36

45

AT

_MA

X (

H a

nd

L)

VS

WT

_M

AX

(L

), (

C)

WC_MAXAC_MAXAP_MAX

EF_c

Jan 3Mar 3

May 3Jul 3

Sep 3Nov 3

Jan 4Mar 4

May 4Jul 4

Sep 4Nov 4

Jan 5Mar 5

May 5Jul 5

Sep 5Nov 5

Jan 6Mar 6

May 6Jul 6

Sep 6Nov 6

Jan 70

9

18

27

36

45

AT

_MA

X (

H a

nd

L)

VS

WT

_M

AX

(L

), (

C)

WC_MAXAC_MAXAP_MAX

Jan 3Mar 3

May 3Jul 3

Sep 3Nov 3

Jan 4Mar 4

May 4Jul 4

Sep 4Nov 4

Jan 5Mar 5

May 5Jul 5

Sep 5Nov 5

Jan 6Mar 6

May 6Jul 6

Sep 6Nov 6

Jan 70

9

18

27

36

45

AT

_MA

X (

H a

nd

L)

VS

WT

_M

AX

(L

), (

C)

WC_MAXAC_MAXAP_MAX

continuous, top=flow, weir=flow continuous, top=<no flow>, weir=flow

in the absence of surface flowbuffer air temp range morelike clearcuts than reference basins

how about buffers with and withoutflowing streams?

air temp pressure from outsidewater temp pressure from inside

shade: buffers differentfrom clearcut

air temp: when channelis dry buffers seem like clearcut

CANOPY PHOTOGRAPHY, BEFORE AND AFTER HAVEST

harv

est

summarybuffer air temperature and shade more like clearcuts or reference basins? does air temp translate into water temp?

does water temp track air temp?

• data still very preliminary but• buffer air temp seems more like clearcut

could be all edge

• buffer shade seems more like reference• air temp signal is different at headwall than weir

but seem to converge /creep over time • need to explore air temp vs shade as water temp

driver

• not clear yet

REF 19.8VAR 23.9FIX 24.1CC 22.8

what next?

• much data coding needed• remove annual climate signal• autocorrelation• sine/cosine regression model• trim data to balance anova?• paired basin study?• slash accumulation• riparian vegetation re-growth• other data sets

stream wets upafter harvest:evapotrans

surface flowconsistent pre vs. post

Project support: Jordan Martinez, Jeremy Graham, Jeremiah McMahan, and Steve Barrett .Field Staff: Steve Crow, Christopher Clinton, Brian Engeness, Stephanie Estrella, Nicholas Grant, Chad Hill, Kevin Kennedy, Charlotte Milling, Christen Noble, Brenda Nipp, Tanya Roberts, Matias Rudback,

Crystal Vancho, Elizabeth Werner, Troy Warnick, and others

J. Janisch 360.407.6649 / jaja461@ecy.wa.gov

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Cooperators

TANX!