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Riparian Zones and Filter Strips in Agricultural Operations (II)

January 1988 - January 1995 Quick Bibliography Series: QB 95-09 (Updates QB 93-32) 176 citations from AGRICOLA Joe Makuch Water Quality Information Center Quick Bibliography Series Bibliographies in the Quick Bibliography series of the National Agricultural Library (NAL), are intended primarily for current awareness, and as the title of the series implies, are not in-depth and exhaustive. However, the citations are a substantial resource for recent investigations on a given topic. They also serve the purpose of bringing the literature of agriculture to the interested user who, in many cases, could not access it by any other means. The bibliographies are derived from online searches of the AGRICOLA database. Timeliness of topic and evidence of extensive interest are the selection criteria. Send suggestions for Quick Bibliography on water-related topics to wqic@nalusda.gov The author/searcher determines the purpose, length, and search strategy of the Quick Bibliography. Information regarding these is available from the author/searcher. The inclusion or omission of a particular publication or citation should not be construed as endorsement or disapproval. An author and subject index is provided. PLEASE NOTE: Information on document delivery services,interlibrary loan requests and copyright restrictions is appended to this bibiiography. If Quick Bibliography files are copied and/or distributed, please include this information in all copies. ************************************************************** Riparian Zones and Filter Strips in Agricultural Operations 1 NAL Call. No.: S451.M9M9

Altering cattle behavior through grazing management. Davis, K.C.; Marlow, C.B. Bozeman, Mont. : The Station; 1990. Montana agresearch - Montana Agricultural Experiment Station, Montana University v. 7 (1): p. 11-14; 1990. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Montana; Cows; Calves; Grazing systems; Grazing behavior; Riparian vegetation 2 NAL Call. No.: HC79.E5E5 Analysis of bank erosion on the Merced River, Yosemite Valley, Yosemite National Park, California, USA. Madej, M.A.; Weaver, W.E.; Hangs, D.K. New York, Springer-Verlag; 1994 Mar. Environmental management v. 18 (2): p. 235-250; 1994 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: California; Cabt; Erosion; Floodplains; Streams; Riparian vegetation; National parks 3 NAL Call. No.: TD223.P39 Antidesertification of riparian zones and control of nonpoint source pollution. Skinner, Q.D.; Dodd, J.L.; Rodgers, J.D.; Smith, M.A. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Environ Protection Agency, Office of Water Regul and Standards; 1985. Perspectives on nonpoint source pollution : proceedings of a national conference, Kansas City, Missouri, May 19-22, 1985. p. 382-386; 1985. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wyoming; Riparian vegetation; Streams; Desertification; Reclamation; Water pollution; Pollution by agriculture; Control 4 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Aquatic habitat condition index, stream type, and livestock bank damange in northern Nevada. Myers, T.J.; Swanson, S. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1991 Jul. Water resources bulletin v. 27 (4): p. 667-677; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nevada; Streams; Morphology; Riparian vegetation; Livestock; Grazing effects; Freshwater fishes; Aquatic environment; Habitats; Indexes;

Stability; Watershed management Abstract: The quality of stream habitat varies for a variety of natural and anthropogenic reasons not identified by a condition index. However, many people use condition indices to indicate management needs or even direction. To better sort natural from livestock influences, stream types and levels of ungulate bank damage were regulated to estimates of aquatic habitat condition index and stream width parameters in a large existing stream inventory data base. Pool/riffle ratio, pool structure, stream bottom materials, soil stability, and vegetation type varied significantly with stream type. Pool/riffle ratio, soil and vegetation stability varied significantly with ungulate bank damage level. Soil and vegetation stability were highly cross-correlated. Riparian area width did not vary significantly with either stream type or ungulate bank damage. Variation among stream types indicates that riparian management and monitoring should be stream type and reach specific. 5 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Beavers and riparian ecosystems. Clements, C. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1991 Dec. Rangelands v. 13 (6): p. 277-279; 1991 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Western states of U.S.A.; Canada; Riparian grasslands; Ecosystems; Castor canadensis; Castor fiber 6 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.W6W53 The benefits of well-managed stream corridors. Craven, S.; Jackson, G.; Swenson, W.; Webendorfer, B. Madison, Wis. : The Service; 1987. Publication - University of Wisconsin, Cooperative Extension Service (G3404): 8 p.; 1987. Language: English Descriptors: Wisconsin; Riparian vegetation; Erosion; Riverbank protection; Runoff; Water pollution; Habitat selection 7 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.A77 Big sacaton riparian grassland management: seasonal grazing effects on plant and animal production. Cox, J.R.; Gillen, R.L.; Ruyle, G.B. New York, N.Y. : Springer; 1989. Applied agricultural research v. 4 (2): p. 127-134; 1989. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Sporobolus; Forage; Steers; Brahman; Riparian vegetation;

Grassland management; Grazing effects; Grazing intensity; Natural regeneration; Beef production; Weight gain; Climatic factors; Seasonal growth Abstract: F1 Brahman steers annually grazed the same big sacaton (Sporobolus wrightii Monro) pastures in either spring (May 1-June 12), summer (July 1-August 12), or fall (September 1-October 12) for three years. Green forage accumulated gradually in spring, accumulated rapidly in summer and declined gradually in fall, but mean daily steer gains averaged 1.5, 0.8, and 0.5 lb/animal on spring, summer, and fall grazed pastures, respectively. Spring gains were superior because green forage quality was greatest when plants initiated growth in spring. Summer gains were directly affected by green forage quantity, and green forage quantity was dependent on highly variable summer rainfall amounts. Fall gains were consistently low because forage quality declines rapidly in fall when green forage transfers to dead forage. In the three years, more than 80% of the green forage disappeared during spring grazing but pastures recovered in subsequent summer growing seasons. If the land manager wishes to maximize animal production without damaging the renewable natural resource (plant production), it is recommended to graze big sacaton grasslands in spring, avoid these riparian grasslands in dry summers, and discontinue fall grazing. 8 NAL Call. No.: A99.9 F764U Bird and small mammal populations in a grazed and ungrazed riparian habitat in Idaho. Medin, D.E.; Clary, W.P. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1990 Jul. Research paper INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (425): 10 p.; 1990 Jul. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Idaho; Wildlife; Birds; Mammals; Habitats; Riparian vegetation; Grazing effects; Rangelands 9 NAL Call. No.: A99.9 F764U Breeding bird populations in a grazed and ungrazed riparian habitat in Nevada. Medin, D.E.; Clary, W.P. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1991 Apr. Research paper INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (441): 7 p.; 1991 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Birds; Breeding; Riparian forests; Populus tremuloides; Salix; Habitats; Grazing effects 10 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32

Cattle and fish on the Henry's Fork. Platts, W.S.; Wagstaff, F.J.; Chaney, E. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1989 Apr. Rangelands v. 11 (2): p. 58-62. ill., maps; 1989 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Idaho; Cattle; Rainbow trout; Rivers; Angling; Riparian grasslands; Grazing 11 NAL Call. No.: TD223.N36 1992 Cedar revetment and streambank stabilization. Siefken, G. Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1992. Proceedings: the National RCWP Symposium : 10 years of controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution : the RCWP experience : Sept 13-17, 1992, Orlando, Florida. p. 209-215; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nebraska; Watershed management; Riverbank protection 12 NAL Call. No.: HC79.E5E5 Classification and spatial mapping of riparian habitat with applications toward management of streams impacted by nonpoint source pollution. Delong, M.D.; Brusven, M.A. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1991 Jul. Environmental management v. 15 (4): p. 565-571; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Idaho; Habitats; Riparian vegetation; Erosion; Pollution; Information systems; Mapping; Watersheds; Farmland 13 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Classifying rangeland riparian areas: the Nevada Task Force approach. Swanson, S.; Miles, R.; Leonard, S.; Genz, K. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil Conservation Society of America; 1988 May. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 43 (3): p. 259-263. ill; 1988 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Riparian vegetation; Rangelands; Land classification; Ecosystems; Range management; Resource conservation 14 NAL Call. No.: QH541.5.R52C64 1992 Colorado Riparian Association proceedings fourth annual convention, November

4-6 1992, Steamboat Springs, Colorado : riparian stewardship : a team effort.. Riparian stewardship : a team effort Colorado Riparian Association Boulder, Colo : Colorado Riparian Association,; 1992. iii, 132 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. Cover title. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Riparian ecology; Natural resources; Range management 15 NAL Call. No.: QK149.F269 1988 Common riparian plants of California a field guide for the layman., 1st ed.. Faber, Phyllis M.; Holland, Robert F. Mill Valley, Calif. : Pickleweed Press,; 1988. 140 p. : ill. ; 31 cm. Includes index. Bibliography: p. 135. Language: English; English Descriptors: Riparian flora; California; Identification 16 NAL Call. No.: S622.2.C66 Community participation in soil and water conservation. Benvenuti, D.N. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society; 1988. Conservation farming on steep lands / W.C. Moldenhauer and N.W. Hudson, editors. p. 247-253; 1988. Material originally presented at a workshop held in San Juan, Puerto Rico, March 22-27, 1987, and organized by the World Association of Soil and Water Conservation and the Soil and Water Conservation Society. Language: English Descriptors: Brazil; Soil and water conservation; Settlement; Gully control; Terracing; Sloping sites; Riparian forests; Community involvement; Farm surveys; Farm surveys; Projects; Quality controls; Coordination; Technical aid; Evaluation; Integration 17 NAL Call. No.: QH541.5.T7J68 Comparative effects of Acacia albida and Kigelia africana trees on soil characteristics in Zambezi riverine woodlands. Dunham, K.M. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1991 May. Journal of tropical ecology v. 7 (pt.2): p. 215-220; 1991 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Zimbabwe; Acacia albida; Kigelia africana; Soil fertility; Nitrogen; Carbon; Phosphorus; Potassium; Nutrient availability; Nutrient content; Mineral content; Nitrogen content; Spatial variation; Soil acidity;

Woodland soils; Soil organic matter; Riparian forests; Forest litter; Leaves 18 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3 Comparison of denitrification in two riparian soils. Ambus, P.; Lowrance, R. Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1991 Jul. Soil Science Society of America journal v. 55 (4): p. 994-997; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Coastal plain soils; Riparian forests; Soil fertility; Denitrification; Sandy soils; Soil organic matter; Soil depth; Soil water content; Soil amendments; Chloramphenicol; Glucose; Nitrates; Nitrous oxide; Pinus elliottii; Liriodendron tulipifera; Nyssa sylvatica; Nitrate nitrogen; Ammonium nitrogen Abstract: The factors controlling NO3 removal in riparian buffer systems are poorly understood. We measured denitrification rates for two Coastal Plain, forested riparian zone soils: Kinston fine loamy sand (fine-loamy, siliceous, acid, thermic Typic Fluvaquent) and Alapaha loamy sand (loamy, siliceous, thermic Arenic Plinthic Paleaquult). Kinston soils are more poorly drained and have higher organic matter than Alapaha soils. Surface soil and shallow aquifer samples were treated with solutions that contained chloramphenicol with either distilled water, NO3-N, glucose-C, or NO3, plus glucose. Denitrification potentials (N2O production in the presence of acetylene) were significantly higher in Kinston soil for both depths. Surface samples from both soils showed significant responses to NO3 additions but no response to C additions without NO3. Subsurface samples, taken from the top of the aquifer, showed no significant response to either NO3 or C treatments for either soil. Both soils showed a high degree of stratification within the top 10 cm, with 88 and 68% of denitrification potential in the top 2 cm for Alapaha and Kinston soils, respectively. Denitrification rates in cores were much lower than in slurries but rates in cores with NO3 or NO3-plus-glucose additions were significantly higher than unamended or C-amended cores for the Kinston soil. Although both soils respond to NO3 additions, Kinston soils are better able to reduce incoming NO3. These results indicate that denitrification in the shallow aquifer is a more important removal mechanism at the Kinston site than at the Alapaha site. 19 NAL Call. No.: 412.9 N814 Concepts in stream riparian rehabilitation. Van Haveren, B.P.; Jackson, W.L. Washington, D.C. : Wildlife Management Institute; 1986. Transactions of the ... North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (51st): p. 280-289. ill; 1986. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Western states of U.S.A.; Reclamation; Revegetation; Riparian vegetation; River bank protection; Streams

20 NAL Call. No.: S900.B5 A conservation plan for the jaguar Panthera onca in the Pantanal region of Brazil. Quigley, H.B.; Crawshaw, P.G. Jr Barking, Eng. : Elsevier Applied Science; 1992. Biological conservation v. 61 (3): p. 149-157; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Brazil; Jaguars; Conservation; Nature reserves; Riparian forests; Cattle; International cooperation; Habitat destruction; Hunting 21 NAL Call. No.: QR1.F44 Control of denitrification enzyme activity in a streamside soil. Ambus, P. Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers; 1993 Apr. FEMS microbiology letters - Federation of European Microbiological Societies v. 102 (3/4): p. 225-234; 1993 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Soil types (ecological); Denitrification; Nitrate; Nitrites; Reduction; Enzyme activity; Kinetics; Temperature; Chloramphenicol; Subsoil; Surface layers; Seasonal variation Abstract: Progress curve analysis of NO3(-) and NO2(-) reduction in surface soil samples from a streamside soil gave Km values of 4.24 and 6.33 micromolar, and Vmax values of 2.16 and 1.83 micromoles l-1 min-1, respectively. Recoveries of reduced NO3(-) and NO2(-) as gaseous N averaged 82 and 108%. The unrecovered NO3(1-)-N was presumably dissimilated to NH4 (1+)-N. The denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) was examined throughout a year and showed seasonal and spatial variabilities of only 10% to 26%. suggesting a high persistency of denitrifying enzymes. Soil moisture and DEA correlated significantly (r = 0.7671; P < 0.01). The DEA in saturated subsoil also showed a relatively little variation, with spatial variabilities of between 28 and 38%. Amendment with NO3(-) rarely enhanced the activity more than two-fold at either depth. Addition of glucose increased the activity 2.3 and 2.5 times in the surface soil and subsoil respectively, indicating a moderate carbon limitation of denitrification. The activation energy of DEA was found to be 64.9 kJ mol-1 and Q10 values for the 2-12 degrees C and 12-22 degrees C temperature ranges were 2.71 and 2.53, respectively. Extrapolation suggested there would be a 4.4-fold increase in DEA if the temperature was changed from 0 to 15 degrees C. Substrate diffusion limited the denitrification 10 to 25 fold. Thus, under anaerobic moist conditions it appears that changes in denitrification might primarily be due to varying diffusion of substrates into the anaerobic soil centers. Over a year, fluctuations in DEA, temperature changes and fluctuations of electron-acceptor and -donor supply will only have a minor effect on natural denitrification activity. 22 NAL Call. No.: S451.M9M9

Controlling riparian zone damage with little forage loss. Marlow, C.B. Bozeman : The Station; 1985. Montana agresearch - Montana Agricultural Experiment Station, Montana University v. 2 (3): p. 7. ill; 1985. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Montana; Range pastures; Beef cows; Riparian vegetation; Trampling; Pasture management; Grazing; Water conservation 23 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Cool, clear water?. Williamson, L.L. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1988 Aug. Rangelands v. 10 (4): p. 167, 188; 1988 Aug. Language: English Descriptors: Water resource management; Water composition and quality; Resource conservation; Riparian vegetation; Grazing effects; Rangelands; Erosion; Range management; Private sector; Wildlife; Habitat destruction 24 NAL Call. No.: GB565.W8W9 1986 Crop water use studies. Pochop, L.; Burman, R.; Kerr, G. Laramie, Wyo. : The Center; 1986. Wyoming Water 1986 and Streamside Zone Conference : proceedings : Wyoming's water doesn't wait while we debate : Casper, Wyoming, April 28-30, 1986 / sponsored by Wyoming Water Res Cent [and] UW Agric Ext Serv, Univ of WY. p. 111-116; 1986. Language: English Descriptors: Wyoming; Water use; Mountain grasslands; Meadows; Riparian vegetation; Evapotranspiration; Water supplies; Irrigation 25 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82 Declining forage availability effects on utilization and community selection by cattle. Smith, M.A.; Rodgers, J.D.; Dodd, J.L.; Skinner, Q.D. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Jul. Journal of range management v. 45 (4): p. 391-395; 1992 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wyoming; Populus deltoides; Cattle; Upland areas; Streams; Seasonal fluctuations; Habitat selection; Grazing behavior; Plant communities; Forage; Crop quality; Crude protein; Protein content; Dry matter; Riparian vegetation; Stocking rate

Abstract: Land managers of salt desert shrub and sagebrush steppe vegetation have concerns regarding appropriate stocking rates in summer for ephemeral stream riparian zones because of elevated levels of use on woody vegetation. We determined utilization levels of forage species over time as a fixed animal density decreased available forage as a means of approximating the stocking rate suitable for an area and identifying plant species for monitoring. Trend in abundance of important plant species will ultimately determine appropriate stocking rate in a particular management situation. Forage utilization by cattle during mid-summer for 2 successive years was measured weekly for 3 weeks in streamside (channel and floodplain) and adjacent upland (terrace and saline upland) vegetation communities along the ephemeral stream. Measures were also made of crude protein and dry matter content of plant species. Plant communities used by cattle were also recorded. Utilization of streamside and terrace vegetation declined markedly over the 3 weeks, while utilization of forage in saline uplands was lower than in other areas and did not decline over weeks of study. More cattle selected streamside and terrace areas with the most succulent forages than saline uplands with less succulent forages. Woody plants in channel areas, cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.) particularly, were higher in protein, more succulent, and more severely grazed than other species. Management of cottonwood probably limits the stocking rate used in these communities. Declines in weekly utilization of forages after the first week indicated intake may have been declining. If so, lower levels of utilization may be needed to maintain animal performance. Maintenance of cottonwoods and animal performance considerations may dictate a lower stocking rate than achieved in this midsummer study. 26 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6 Denitrification variability and control in a riparian fen irrigated with agricultural drainage water. Ambus, P.; Christensen, S. Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1993 Jul. Soil biology & biochemistry v. 25 (7): p. 915-923; 1993 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Fen soils; Denitrification; Biological activity in soil; Nitrate; Reduction; Seasonal fluctuations; Saturated conditions; Soil water content; Aerobiosis; Agricultural land; Drainage water; Irrigation water; Carbon; Substrates; Riparian vegetation; Fens; Runoff; Water pollution Abstract: Denitrification was measured by the C2H2 inhibition technique in a riparian fen irrigated with agricultural drainage water. 16 h after C2H2 treatment 88 +/- 14% of the total N2O contained in water-saturated cores could be accounted for by assuming equilibrium between the gas phase and the liquid phase. The denitrification activity averaged 2.8 and 8.8 mg N2O -N m-2 day-1 in the control plot and 1.6 and 21.9 mg N2O-N m-2 day-1 in the irrigated plot during the dry and the runoff periods respectively. Four percent of the incoming NO3- was reduced to gaseous N. The spatial variability was often high, with coefficients of variation > 100% and was independent of seasonal changes in soil anaerobiosis. Soil NO3- and denitrification were poorly related, and bulk concentrations of NO3- below

200 micromolar suggested that the process was strongly limited by diffusion of NO3- into the soil during periods of flooding. Mean denitrification and water-filled pores correlated positively, r = 0.71 for the control and r = 0.68 for the irrigated plots. Water-soluble C was not related to denitrification. Multiple regression models including soil water, NO3-, soluble C and temperature as independent variables, predicted between 21 and 55% of the denitrification, the highest value found when only mean data was considered. Water-filled pores was the most important variable. The observations on which 2 variables controlled denitrification were supported by laboratory experiments with manipulated cores. Water additions increased denitrification only in samples collected during the dry period. Anaerobic incubation of saturated cores did not affect the process. Restricted NO3- availability was clearly illustrated by the 25-41-fold increase obtained when NO3- was injected into cores at ambient and high carbon respectively. A response of up to 13-fold was observed when substrate-amended cores were made into slurries. Glucose did not increase denitrification by more than a factor of three. 27 NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.977 The Desert oasis executive producer, Don Floyd ; produced and directed by Lynn G. Ketchum ; written by Don Floyd, Lynn G. Katchum. University of Arizona, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arizona, Agricultural Sciences Communications Tucson, Ariz. : Agricultural Communications, Division of Range Resources, University of Arizona : Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arizona, [1990?]; 1990. 1 videocassette (27 min., 26 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. VHS. Language: English Descriptors: Desertification; Riparian ecology; Desert plants; Deserts Abstract: Discusses desertification, desert flora and fauna, and riparian areas in the desert. Dealing mainly with Arizona deserts, the video also presents the multiple uses of a desert and how to preserve the desert riparian areas and to retard the desertification process of overgrazing and drying up of water-ways. 28 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A42 Developing a successful riparian-wetland grazing management plan for the Upper Ruby River Cattle and Horse Allotment in southwestern Montana. Hansen, P. Fort Collins, Colo. : Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1993. General technical report RM / (226): p. 328-335; 1993. In the series analytic: Riparian management: common threads and shared interests. Paper presented at a conference on Feb. 4-6, 1993, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Montana; Cabt; Riparian grasslands; Livestock; Grassland management; Monitoring; Wildlife; Utilization

29 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 The Diamond bar the real story. Elrod, J. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management,; 1994 Jun. Rangelands v. 16 (3): p. 100-101; 1994 Jun. Language: English Descriptors: New Mexico; Cabt; Ranching; National forests; Wilderness; Range management; Beef cattle; Riparian vegetation; Conservation areas 30 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82 Differences in riparian vegetation structure between grazed areas and exclosures. Schulz, T.T.; Leininger, W.C. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1990 Jul. Journal of range management v. 43 (4): p. 295-299. ill; 1990 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Colorado; Cattle; Poa palustris; Poa pratensis; Salix; Riparian vegetation; Grazing effects; Population density; Plant community analysis; Regrowth; Grazing lands; Mountain grasslands 31 NAL Call. No.: A99.9 F764U Differences in vegetation biomass and structure due to cattle grazing in a northern Nevada riparian ecosystem. Clary, W.P.; Medin, D.E. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1990 Aug. Research paper INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (427): 12 p. ill; 1990 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nevada; Riparian grasslands; Grazing effects; Biomass production; Populus tremuloides; Salix; Poa pratensis; Regeneration; Stand structure 32 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82 Dynamics of vegetation along and adjacent to an ephemeral channel. Smith, M.A.; Dodd, J.L.; Skinner, Q.D.; Rodgers, J.D. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1993 Jan. Journal of range management v. 46 (1): p. 56-64; 1993 Jan. Includes references. Language: English

Descriptors: Wyoming; Riparian vegetation; Streams; Plant density; Grazing effects; Grasses; Perennials; Annuals; Pastures; Woody plants; Deserts; Floodplains; Channels; Upland areas; Precipitation; Sustainability Abstract: Ephemeral channels may be greater contributors to nonpoint sediment loads than perennial channels because of their abundance and lower vegetative cover. This study examines above- and belowground standing crop responses of selected vegetation classes and density of shrubs to grazing use and yearly weather variation along an ephemeral stream in northcentral Wyoming. Aboveground biomass standing crop was determined yearly in channel, floodplain, and upland habitats in ungrazed and grazed pastures during the 4-year study. Belowground biomass and shrub densities were determined yearly in the channel habitat only. Perennial grass standing crop in channels did not respond to grazing but decreased up to 73% with decreases in frequency and amount of precipitation. In floodplains, perennial grasses were not responsive to grazing; annual grasses were twice as abundant in grazed pastures. Vegetation standing crop in uplands was not influenced by grazing. Over the study period in all pastures, standing crop of blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis (H.B.K.) Lag. ex Griffiths) declined 4 fold while cool-season grasses increased 5 fold. Shrub density did not increase as much in grazed as in ungrazed pastures. Root biomass of the channel decreased 23% in years with less precipitation but was greater by 24% on concave than convex bank types. Location on channels influenced root biomass but grazing did not. Lack of general negative grazing influences on vegetation suggest short periods (10 days) of grazing as used in this study represent a sustainable management alternative for grazing in the cold desert. 33 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82 Early season utilization of mountain meadow riparian pastures. Clary, W.P.; Booth, G.D. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1993 Nov. Journal of range management v. 46 (6): p. 493-497; 1993 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Idaho; Cabt; Beef cattle; Riparian grasslands; Grazing effects; Grazing intensity Abstract: Observations suggest spring grazing of riparian areas is a good management strategy because of a reduced tendency for cattle to concentrate along streams during that season. In this study, June cattle distribution was examined within 4 experimental pastures located along Stanley Creek, Sawtooth National Recreation Area, Sawtooth National Forest, in central Idaho. Two pastures were grazed at a light stocking rate and 2 pastures were grazed at a medium stocking rate. Streamside graminoid utilization averaged about 24% under light stocking, while on the adjacent meadow graminoid utilization was 28%. Under medium stocking the average utilization at streamside was 37%, while that on the adjacent meadow was 50%. Residual herbaceous stubble heights under light stocking were 11 to 12 cm for both grazing locations, whereas streamside and meadow stubble heights were 10 cm and 7 cm, respectively, under moderate stocking. Cattle were not disproportionately attracted to the streamside areas during the June period. As stocking rates increased from light to medium, the cattle concentrated

most of their additional use on the adjacent drier meadow. Utilization of riparian plant communities during this early summer period had no relationship to the amount of plant moisture content, but was negatively associated with surface soil moisture. 34 NAL Call. No.: QH75.A1C5 Ecological costs of livestock grazing in western North America. Fleischner, T.L. Cambridge, Mass. : Blackwell Scientific Publications,; 1994 Sep. Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology v. 8 (3): p. 629-644; 1994 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Western states of U.S.A.; Cabt; Texas; Cabt; Grazing effects; Environmental impact; Environmental degradation; Land use; Public domain; Species diversity; Plant communities; Animals; Riparian vegetation; Livestock farming 35 NAL Call. No.: 281.9 M5842 An economic analysis of filter strips for controlling agricultural soil erosion. Krieger, D.J.; Hoehn, J.P.; Vieux, B.E. East Lansing, Mich. : The Department; 1991 Jul. Agricultural economics report - Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural Economics (552): 22 p.; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Erosion control; Filters; Agricultural land; Marginal analysis; Cost benefit analysis; Computer software 36 NAL Call. No.: 412.9 N814 Economic issues of grazing and riparian area management. Wagstaff, F.J. Washington, D.C. : Wildlife Management Institute; 1986. Transactions of the ... North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (51st): p. 272-279; 1986. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Grazing behavior; Grazing on public land; Livestock; Streams; Costs; Farm income 37 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 Effects of cattle grazing systems on willow-dominated plant associations in central Oregon. Kovalchik, B.L.; Elmore, W. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1992 Aug.

General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (289): p. 111-119; 1992 Aug. Paper presented at the Symposium on "Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities," May 29-31, 1991, Sun Valley, Idaho. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Riparian vegetation; Plant communities; Salix; Grazing systems; Cattle; Grazing effects; Environmental impact; Browsing; Browsing damage; Range management 38 NAL Call. No.: 412.9 N814 Effects of grazing management on streambanks. Bohn, C.C.; Buckhouse, J.C. Washington, D.C. : Wildlife Management Institute; 1986. Transactions of the ... North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (51st): p. 265-271; 1986. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Grazing behavior; Grazing on public land; Cervus; Livestock; Odocoileus hemionus; Runoff; Stocking rate; Streams; Wildlife management 39 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A42 Effects of land use practices on western riparian ecosystems. Krueper, D.J. Fort Collins, Colo. : Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1992. General technical report RM / (229): p. 321-330; 1992. In the series analytic: Status and Management of Neotropical Migratory Birds / edited by D.M. Finch and P.W. Stangel. Proceedings of a workshop held September 21- 25, 1992, Estes Park, Colorado. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Riparian forests; Ecosystems; Grazing; Birds; Habitats; Species; Logging; Resource management 40 NAL Call. No.: aSD387.G73P52 1986 Effects of livestock grazing on aquatic and riparian environments in high mountain meadows Bear Valley Creek, Valley County, Idaho : progress report 2, June 1975 through January 1986.. Livestock-fishery interaction studies : Bear Valley, Idaho Platts, William S.,; Nelson, Rodger Loren; Holubetz, Terry Forest Services Laboratory (Boise, Idaho),Idaho, Dept. of Fish and Game Boise, Idaho : USDA, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, [1986?]; 1986. 194 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. Cover title: Livestock-fishery interaction studies : Bear Valley, Idaho. Presented to Terry Holubetz, Idaho Department of Fish

and Game, State Office, Boise, Idaho. Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-54). Language: English Descriptors: Grazing; Aquatic ecology; Riparian ecology; Fishes; Forests and forestry 41 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A42 Effects of livestock grazing on neotropical migratory landbirds in western North America. Bock, C.E.; Saab, V.A.; Rich, T.D.; Dobkin, D.S. Fort Collins, Colo. : Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1992. General technical report RM / (229): p. 296-309; 1992. In the series analytic: Status and Management of Neotropical Migratory Birds / edited by D.M. Finch and P.W. Stangel. Proceedings of a workshop held September 21- 25, 1992, Estes Park, Colorado. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: North America; Cabt; Birds; Livestock farming; Grazing; Habitats; Riparian grasslands; Coniferous forests 42 NAL Call. No.: S591.55.K4S64 Effects of tillage and grass filter strips on surface runoff of water, nitrate, sediment, and atrazine. Madison, C.E.; Blevins, R.L.; Frye, W.W. Lexington, Ky. : The Department; 1992. Soil science news & views - Cooperative Extension Service and University of Kentucky, College of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy v. 13 (5): 4 p.; 1992. Language: English Descriptors: Runoff; Agricultural chemicals; Sediment; Farmland; No-tillage; Conservation tillage; Grass strips; Soil conservation; Filtration; Water conservation; Erosion control; Water pollution 43 NAL Call. No.: TD428.A37E9 Evaluating nutrient and sediment losses from agricultural lands vegetative filter strips. Dillaha, T. A. United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Chesapeake Bay Program, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Dept. of Agricultural Engineering, Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Dept. of Agronomy Annapolis, MD : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office,; 1987. xi, 93 p. : ill., form ; 28 cm. (CBP/TRS ; 4/87). Project number X-00315-01-0. This study was conducted in cooperation with the Virginia

Polytechnic Institute and State University Departments of Agricultural Engineering and Agronomy and the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station. "Chesapeake Bay Program"--Cover. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-70). Language: English Descriptors: Agricultural pollution; Water; Sediment transport; Feedlot runoff 44 NAL Call. No.: SK357.A1W5 Evaluation of a stream-bank fencing program in Pennsylvania. Hafner, C.L.; Brittingham, M.C. Bethesda, Md. : The Society; 1993. Wildlife Society bulletin v. 21 (3): p. 301-315; 1993. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Cabt; Pastures; Riparian vegetation; Stream erosion; Fencing; Riverbank protection; Pollution control; Wild birds; Nesting; Species diversity; Population density 45 NAL Call. No.: FICHE S-72 Evaluation of sediment deposition upslope from grass filters. Guck, M.E.; Magette, W.L.; McClellan, P.W. St. Joseph, Mich. : The Society; 1987. American Society of Agricultural Engineers (Microfiche collection) (fiche no. 87-2088): 10 p. ill; 1987. Paper presented at the 1987 Summer Meeting of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Available for purchase from: The American Society of Agricultural Engineers, Order Dept., 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Michigan 49085. Telephone the Order Dept. at (616) 429-0300 for information and prices. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Slopes; Sediments; Deposition; Grass strips; Filters; Measurement; Rill erosion 46 NAL Call. No.: 293.8 SE8 Evaluation of vegetative filter strips as a best management practice for feed lots. Dillaha, T.A.; Sherrard, J.H.; Lee, D.; Mostaghimi, S.; Shanholtz, V.O. Alexandria, Va. : The Federation; 1988 Jul. Journal - Water Pollution Control Federation v. 60 (7): p. 1231-1238; 1988 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Vegetation management; Sedimentation; Nutrients; Environmental pollution; Filters; Runoff; Nitrogen; Phosphorus

47 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 SO8 (P) Evaluation of vegetative filter strips using continuous simulation modeling techniques. Williams, R.D.; Nicks, A.D. Raleigh, N.C. : The Society :.; 1988. Proceedings - Southern Weed Science Society v. 41: p. 350; 1988. Paper presented at the "Meeting on Environmental Legislation and its Effects on Weed Science," Jan 18/20, 1988, Tulsa, Oklahoma. Includes abstract. Language: English Descriptors: Herbicide residues; Runoff control; Grass strips; Simulation models 48 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Farmers' response to a filter strip program: results from a contingent valuation survey. Purvis, A.; Hoehn, J.P.; Sorenson, V.L.; Pierce, F.J. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1989 Sep. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 44 (5): p. 501-504; 1989 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Farmers; Filters; Soil conservation; Water pollution 49 NAL Call. No.: TD419.R47 Fate of alachlor and atrazine in a riparian zone field site. Paterson, K.G.; Schnoor, J.L. Alexandria, Va. : The Federation; 1992 May. Water environment reserarch v. 64 (3): p. 274-283; 1992 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Alachlor; Atrazine; Herbicide residues; Field tests; Movement in soil; Plants; Uptake; Experimental plots; Zea mays; Populus 50 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Forty years of change in a shadscale stand in Idaho. Sharp, L.A.; Sanders, K.; Rimbey, N. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Dec. Rangelands v. 12 (6): p. 313-328; 1992 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Idaho; Range management; Riparian grasslands; Atriplex confertifolia

51 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 The geomorphic process: effects of base level lowering on riparian management. Masters, L.S.; Burkhardt, J.W.; Tausch, R. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1991 Dec. Rangelands v. 13 (6): p. 280-284; 1991 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Western states of U.S.A.; Riparian grasslands; Range management; Erosion; Water erosion 52 NAL Call. No.: HD1401.W675 no.259 Grass strips as a soil conservation measure in Kenya - suitability and effects a minor field study. Fagerstrom, Minh Ha Uppsala : Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, International Rural Development Centre,; 1994. 54 p. : ill., maps ; 30 cm. (Working paper (Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet. International Rural Development Centre) ; 259.). Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-33). Language: English 53 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Grazing allotment administration along streams supporting cutthroat trout in Montana. Shepard, B.B. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Aug. Rangelands v. 14 (4): p. 243-246; 1992 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Montana; Salmo clarki; Surveys; Grazing; Public domain; Range management; Habitat destruction; Guidelines; Project control; Federal government; Streams; Riparian grasslands; Beef cattle; Grazing systems; Models 54 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.U52 Grazing and the riparian zone: impact and management perspectives. Behnke, R.J.; Raleigh, R.F. Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1979. General technical report WO - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (12): p. 263-267; 1979. Paper presented at a "Symposium on Strategies for Protection and Management of Floodplain Wetlands and other Riparian Ecosystems," Dec 11-13, 1978, Callaway Gardens, Georgia. Includes references. Language: English

Descriptors: Riparian vegetation; Grazing effects; Habitats; Wildlife; Environmental protection 55 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Grazing management heads Colorado range in right direction. Fowler, R. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Dec. Rangelands v. 12 (6): p. 308-312; 1992 Dec. Language: English Descriptors: Colorado; Range management; Grazing systems; Riparian grasslands 56 NAL Call. No.: SF85.3.K56 Grazing management in riparian areas. Kinch, Gene United States, Bureau of Land Management Denver, CO : U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Service Center,; 1989. 44 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (Technical reference (United States. Bureau of Land Management) ; 1737-4.). September 1989. "BLM/YA/PT-87/021+1737"--P. [2] of cover. Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-44). Language: English; English Descriptors: Range management; Riparian ecology; Grazing 57 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 Grazing-riparian issues: a Sawtooth National Recreation Area field trip. Clary, W.P.; Shaw, N.L. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1992 Aug. General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (289): p. 228-232; 1992 Aug. Paper presented at the Symposium on "Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities," May 29-31, 1991, Sun Valley, Idaho. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Idaho; Valleys; Riparian vegetation; Streams; Water quality; Grazing; Grazing effects; Fish farms; Field trips 58 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Groundwater nitrate and denitrification in a coastal plain riparian forest. Lowrance, R. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jul. Journal of environmental quality v. 21 (3): p. 401-405; 1992 Jul. Includes

references. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Groundwater; Nitrate; Chloride; Ratios; Denitrification; Nutrient availability; Organic compounds; Groundwater flow; Fields; Riparian forests; Spatial distribution; Temporal variation; Forest soils; Coastal plain soils; Nitrous oxide Abstract: Mechanisms of nitrate (NO3) removal from groundwater in riparian forests are poorly understood. This study was conducted in the Georgia coastal plain to: (i) determine changes in NO3 and Cl concentrations within shallow groundwater moving from a row-crop field to a stream; (ii) determine the spatial and temporal distribution of denitrification potential relative to changes in NO3 concentrations; and (iii) determine whether NO3 or C supply was limiting denitrification potential. Nitrate and Cl concentrations in groundwater were measured biweekly or monthly for October 1988 through May 1990. Denitrification potentials, indicated by the denitrification enzyme assay, were measured bimonthly from October 1988 through October 1989. Modified potential measurements, lacking either NO3, C, or both, were also performed bimonthly. Both NO3 and NO3/Cl ratios in groundwater decreased by a factor of 7 to 9 in the first 10 m of forest. Within the next 40 m of forest, mean NO3 concentration decreased from 1.80 to 0.81 mg NO3-N L-1. Denitrification potential was more than two orders of magnitude higher in the top 10 cm of soil than in the top 10 cm of the shallow aquifer. Denitrification potential was consistently highest in surface soil nearest the field and nearest the stream and was limited by NO3 availability in all surface soil samples. Denitrification potential was highest in October and August. Although NO3 is definitely being removed from shallow groundwater, it is apparently not due to direct denitrification from the saturated zone. High denitrification potential in surface soils, especially near the field/forest interface, may contribute to NO3 disappearance from shallow groundwater. Processes associated with intact riparian vegetation appear to play the primary role in N removal. 59 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Groundwater nitrate dynamics in grass and poplar vegetated riparian buffer strips during the winter. Haycock, N.E.; Pinay, G. Madison : American Society Of Agronomy,; 1993 Apr. Journal of environmental quality v. 22 (2): p. 273-278; 1993 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: England; Cabt; Watersheds; Riparian grasslands; Riparian forests; Nitrate nitrogen; Retention; Buffering capacity; Winter; Groundwater flow; Hydrological factors; Catchment hydrology; Water pollution Abstract: Nitate retention in riparian buffer strips is well documented in summer periods, but the potential of winter retention within these zones is poorly documented. Two sites, grass (Lolium perenne L.), and poplar (Populus italica)-vegetated riparian strips, were investigated in southern England (River Leach). Groundwater flow was via subsurface pathways within the

sites, NO3- concentration gradients and loading rates were calculated over the winter period. Nitrate retention was found to be linearly dependent on load rate. Nitrate retention occurred at the edge of the riparian zone. This was most obvious in the poplar site where all hillslope-derived NO3 was absorbed within the first 5 m of flow within the riparian strip. When loading rates into the sites increased, NO3 absorption migrated upslope from the riparian site. The poplar-vegetated riparian zone was found to be more resilient (99% retention of NO3-) than the grass-vegetated riparian zone (84% retention of NO3-) in the winter months. It is postulated that although vegetation has no active role in retaining NO3- in the winter, above-ground vegetative biomass does contribute C to the soil microbacterial biomass that is engaged in NO3- reduction in the winter months, this accounted for the greater efficiency of the poplar vegetated site. 60 NAL Call. No.: 65.9 SO83 A guide to the stabilisation of water courses by planting indigenous trees. Tudor-Owen, R.P.D.; Wyatt, J. Mount Edgecombe : The Association; 1991. Proceedings of the annual congress - South African Sugar Technologists' Association (65th): p. 73-76; 1991. Meeting held on June 10-12, 1991, Durban and Mount Edgecombe, South Africa. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: South Africa; Watersheds; Riparian vegetation; Trees; Grasses; Vegetated waterways; Afforestation; Planting; Riverbank protection 61 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Habitat selection by cattle along an ephemeral channel. Smith, M.A.; Rodgers, J.D.; Dodd, J.L.; Skinner, Q.D. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management,; 1993 Jun. Rangelands v. 15 (3): p. 120-122; 1993 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wyoming; Cabt; Cattle; Habitat selection; Riparian grasslands; Foraging; Grazing; Feed evaluation 62 NAL Call. No.: QH76.R47 High quality restoration of riparian ecosystems. Baird, K. Madison, Wis. : University of Wisconsin Press; 1989. Restoration & management notes v. 7 (2): p. 60-64; 1989. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: California; Nature conservation; Birds; Endangered species; Habitats; Revegetation; Riparian vegetation; Weed competition

63 NAL Call. No.: 500 AS73 Historical channel narrowing and riparian vegetation expansion in the Medicine Lodge River basin, Kansas, 1871-1983. Martin, C.W.; Johnson, W.C. Washington, D.C. : The Association; 1987 Sep. Annals of the Association of American Geographers v. 77 (3): p. 436-449. maps; 1987 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Kansas; Riparian vegetation; River basins; Soil sedimentation; Erosion; Stream channels; Variations; History; Land use; Surveys 64 NAL Call. No.: S916.I2F6 How does grazing affect water quality?. Mosley, J.C.; Lance, T.A.; Walker, J.W.; Lucas, D.E.; Falter, C.M. Moscow : Idaho, Forest, Wildlife and Range Experiment Station, [1975?]-; 1993 Aug. Focus on renewable natural resources v. 18: p. 5; 1993 Aug. Language: English Descriptors: Idaho; Cabt; Rangelands; Riparian grasslands; Water pollution; Grazing; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Riparian vegetation; Water quality 65 NAL Call. No.: S627.S8H69 1984 How to control streambank erosion. Iowa, Dept. of Water, Air, and Waste Management, United States, Soil Conservation Service Des Moines : Iowa Dept. of Water, Air and Waste Management,; 1984. 25 p. : ill. Funding was provided through the Northeast Iowa River Basin Study (authorized under Public Law 83-566). PB85-159754. Includes bibliographical references (p. 25). Language: English Descriptors: Soil conservation; Streambank planting 66 NAL Call. No.: 410 M58 Hydrologic influences on leaf decomposition in a channel and adjacent bank of a gallery forest stream. Gurtz, M.E.; Tate, C.M. Notre Dame, Ind. : University of Notre Dame; 1988 Jul. American midland naturalist v. 120 (1): p. 11-21. maps; 1988 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Kansas; Quercus macrocarpa; Celtis occidentalis; Riparian forests; Leaves; Decomposition; Streams; Prairies; Flooding; Nitrogen

content; Phosphorus; Plant ecology 67 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 The importance of rancher input in solving riparian problems. Thomas, H.S. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1991 Apr. Rangelands v. 13 (2): p. 83-84; 1991 Apr. Language: English Descriptors: Range management; Riparian vegetation; Erosion control; Pastures; Cattle husbandry 68 NAL Call. No.: MnSUThesis for geie Improving phosphorus source area identification in Lake Riparian zones using surface and sub-surface runoff indices. Geier, Theodore William 1993; 1993. vii, 186 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English 69 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Improving riparian habitats. Floyd, D.; Ogden, P.; Roundy, B.; Ruyle, G.; Stewart, D. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1988 Jun. Rangelands v. 10 (3): p. 132-134. ill., maps; 1988 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Arizona; Range management; Rotational grazing; Riparian forests; National forests; Habitat improvement; Wetlands; Ecosystems; Nature conservancy; Wildlife conservation 70 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6 An inverse relationship between nitrate and ammonium in an organic riparian soil. Schipper, L.A.; Cooper, A.B.; Harfoot, C.G.; Dyck, W.J. Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1994 Jun. Soil biology & biochemistry v. 26 (6): p. 799-800; 1994 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Organic soils; Soil types (ecological); Nitrate; Reduction; Ammonium; Denitrification; Carbon; Soil organic matter; Ratios; Spatial distribution; Profiles

71 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Livestock control with electrical and audio stimulation. Quigley, T.M.; Sanderson, H.R.; Tiedemann, A.R.; McInnis, M.L. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1990 Jun. Rangelands v. 12 (3): p. 152-155; 1990 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Livestock; Behavior; Animal behavior; Riparian grasslands; Electrical stimulation 72 NAL Call. No.: SD143.S64 Livestock grazing and coldwater fisheries on federal lands: Opportunities for cooperative conservation. McGurrin, J.M. Bethesda, MD. : The Society, 1985-; 1992. Proceedings of the ... Society of American Foresters National Convention. p. 177-182; 1992. Paper presented at a meeting on "American Forestry -- An Evolving Tradition," October 25-27, 1992, Richmond, Virginia. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Riparian grasslands; Rangelands; Grazing; Fisheries; Salmonidae; Ecosystems; Animal husbandry; Policy 73 NAL Call. No.: HD241.C52 Livestock grazing on western riparian areas. Chaney, Ed; Elmore, Wayne; Platts, William S., United States, Environmental Protection Agency Eagle, Idaho : Produced for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by the Northwest Resource Information Center,; 1990. 45 p. : col. ill., maps ; 28 cm. Cover title. "July 1990"--T.p. verso. Includes bibliographical references (p. 44). Language: English; English Descriptors: Grazing; Riparian ecology; Wetland ecology; Water 74 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32T A low head loss sampling device for monitoring inflow to natural vegetated filter strips. Fogle, A.W.; Barfield, B.J. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers 1958-; 1993 May. Transactions of the ASAE v. 36 (3): p. 791-793; 1993 May. Includes references. Language: English

Descriptors: Shelterbelts; Erosion control; Flow; Pollution control; Samplers Abstract: A device was developed for use in sampling flows into natural vegetated filter strips where minimal disruption of the flow onto the filter strip is desirable. The sample has minimal head loss and allows sampling of flow from 4.57-m (15-ft) wide plots. 75 NAL Call. No.: HD241.C53 1993 Managing change livestock grazing on western riparian areas.. Livestock grazing on western riparian areas Chaney, Ed; Elmore, Wayne; Platts, William S., United States, Environmental Protection Agency Eagle, Idaho : Produced for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by the Northwest Resource Information Center,; 1993. 31 p. : col. ill. ; 28 cm. Cover title. "July 1993"--P. 2. Language: English Descriptors: Grazing; Riparian ecology; Wetland ecology; Water 76 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 no.263 Managing grazing of riparian areas in the intermountain range. Clary, Warren P.; Webster, Bert F. Intermountain Research Station (Ogden, Utah) Ogden, UT : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station,; 1989. 11 p. ; 28 cm. (General technical report INT ; 263). Cover title. May 1989. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Grazing; Range management 77 NAL Call. No.: GB565.W8W9 1986 Managing riparian stream habitats. Platts, W.S. Laramie, Wyo. : The Center; 1986. Wyoming Water 1986 and Streamside Zone Conference : proceedings : Wyoming's water doesn't wait while we debate : Casper, Wyoming, April 28-30, 1986 / sponsored by Wyoming Water Res Cent [and] UW Agric Ext Serv, Univ of WY. p. 59-62; 1986. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Streams; Water management; Habitats; Land use; Range management

78 NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46 Microbial mineralization of atrazine and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in riparian pasture and forest soils. Entry, J.A.; Donelly, P.K.; Emmingham, W.H. Berlin ; a Secaucus, N.J. : Springer International, 1985-; 1994. Biology and fertility of soils v. 18 (2): p. 89-94; 1994. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Atrazine; 2,4-d; Mineralization; Nitrogen; Carbon; Phosphorus; Microorganisms; Biomass production; Forest soils; Grassland soils; Forest litter; Mineral soils; Soil properties; Microbial degradation; Seasonal variation; Riparian grasslands; Riparian forests 79 NAL Call. No.: QH540.N3 Mitigating nonpoint-source nitrate pollution by riparian-zone denitrification. Schipper, L.A.; Cooper, A.B.; Dyck, W.J. Berlin, W. Ger. : Springer-Verlag; 1991. NATO ASI series : Series G : Ecological sciences v. 30: p. 401-413; 1991. In the series analytic: Nitrate contamination: Exposure, consequence, and control / edited by I. Bogardi and R.D. Kuzelka. Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Nitrate Contamination: Exposure, Consequences, and Control, September 9-14, 1990, Lincoln, Nebraska. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nitrate; Nitrate fertilizers; Water pollution; Runoff; Drainage; Denitrification; Denitrifying microorganisms; Lakes; Rivers; Surface water; Soil types (ecological) 80 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM3PS (EE) Modeling phosphorus transport in grass buffer strips. Lee, D.; Dillaha, T.A.; Sherrard, J.H. New York, N.Y. : American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division; 1989 Apr. Journal of environmental engineering v. 115 (2): p. 409-427; 1989 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Grasses; Phosphorus; Metabolism; Ssimulation models 81 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Movement of nitrogen though and agricultural riparian zone. 1. Field studies. Clausen, J.C.; Wayland, K.G.; Saldi, K.A.; Guillard, K. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on

Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 605-612; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Connecticut; Cabt; Riparian forests; Pollutants; Sources; Water quality; Afforestation; Zea mays; Crops; Groundwater pollution; Nitrogen; Surface water; Water pollution; Pollution control 82 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Movement of nitrogen through and agricultural riparian zone. 2. Distributed modeling. Nikolaidis, N.P.; Shen, H.; Heng, H.; Hu, H.L.; Clausen, J.C. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 613-623; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Connecticut; Cabt; Riparian forests; Pollutants; Sources; Nitrogen; Groundwater pollution; Surface water; Water pollution; Movement in soil; Mathematical models 83 NAL Call. No.: QE571.T42 1992 Movement of sediment and nutrients through riparian areas. Adams, M.B. Washington, D.C. : Terrene Institute; 1993 Sep. Technical workshop on Sediments, February 3-7, 1992, Corvallis, Oregon : proceedings /. p. 41-44; 1993 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: West Virginia; Cabt; Sediment; Geological sedimentation; Nutrient transport; Riparian forests; Riparian vegetation 84 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Nitrate dynamics in riparian forests: groundwater studies. Simmons, R.C.; Gold, A.J.; Groffman, P.M. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Oct. Journal of environmental quality v. 21 (4): p. 659-665; 1992 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rhode Island; Riparian forests; Nitrates; Groundwater; Subsurface drainage; Seasonal variation; Water table; Soil depth; Ph; Soil

organic matter; Temperature; Spatial variation; Groundwater pollution; Wetlands; Upland areas Abstract: This study was conducted to assess the removal of groundwater nitrate (NO3-) in different soil drainage classes within three riparian forests located in Rhode Island. A solution of NO3- and a conservative tracer [either bromide (Br-) or chloride (Cl-)] was applied in the growing and the dormant seasons to trenches upgradient of wetland locations with hydric soils (poorly and very poorly drained soils) and transition zone locations with somewhat poorly and moderately well-drained soils located immediately upslope of the wetlands. To assess removal, the change in groundwater concentrations of NO3- relative to the concentration of the conservative tracer was observed in monitoring wells located in each soil drainage class from June 1989 through April 1990. Removal of groundwater NO3- was consistently high in the wetland locations, generally in excess of 80% in both growing and dormant seasons. In the transition zones, attenuation was less than 36% during the growing season, and ranged from 50 to 78% in the dormant season. Attenuation in the transition zones was positively correlated with water table elevations. Transition zone attenuation was high in the dormant season relative to the growing season likely because high water tables during the dormant season caused the contaminant plume to be exposed to soil with higher organic matter. The results suggest that both wetlands and transition zones between wetlands and uplands can be important sinks for groundwater NO3-. 85 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Nitrate dynamics in riparian forests: microbial studies. Groffman, P.M.; Gold, A.J.; Simmons, R.C. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Oct. Journal of environmental quality v. 21 (4): p. 666-671; 1992 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rhode Island; Riparian forests; Nitrate nitrogen; Upland areas; Groundwater; Denitrification; Denitrifying microorganisms; Enzyme activity; Carbon; Nitrogen; Mineralization; Nitrification; Soil water; Water table; Biological activity in soil; Microbial activities; Spatial variation Abstract: While riparian forests have a demonstrated ability to remove nitrate (NO3(-1)) moving from uplands before it enters streams, there is considerable uncertainty as to the mechanisms of NO3(-1) removal in these areas. We characterized spatial and temporal variation in denitrification enzyme activity (DEA), microbial biomass C and N content, soil respiration and potential net N mineralization and nitrification in three riparian forest sites consisting of soil catenas containing moderately well, somewhat poorly, poorly, and very poorly drained soils (inceptisols and entisols). These measurements were made in conjunction with studies of NO3(-1) removal from groundwater during growing and dormant seasons that are reported in a companion paper. Two of the sites were on stratified glacial drift, one with an undeveloped upland and one with an upland with high density unsewered residential development that produced groundwater at the edge of the riparian zone with NO3(-1)-N concentrations between 8 and 12 mg/L. The third site was on unstratified glacial drift with an undeveloped upland. Hydric surface (0-15 cm) soils (poorly and very poorly drained) consistently had

higher DEA than upland-wetland transition zone (moderately well and somewhat poorly drained) surface soils. Spatial patterns of microbial biomass C and N content were more variable but showed the same general pattern as DEA. Levels of DEA and microbial biomass were consistently low or undetectable at and below the seasonal high water table. Surface soil DEA and microbial biomass were correlated with NO3(-1) removal from groundwater during the growing season. Low levels of DEA and microbial biomass in the subsurface however, suggested that plant uptake was the dominant groundwater NO3(-1) sink during the growing season. During the dormant season, water table levels were higher and groundwater-borne NO3(-1) was able to interact with near surface soil and be removed by denitrification and/or microbial immobilization 86 NAL Call. No.: QH345.B564 Nitrogen dynamics of storm runoff in the riparian zone of a forested watershed. Hill, A.R. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1993. Biogeochemistry v. 20 (1): p. 19-44; 1993. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; Forest influences; Ammonium; Nitrates; Nitrogen cycle; Riparian forests; Rain; Runoff; Streams; Watersheds; Limnology 87 NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46 Nitrogen turnover rates in a riparian fen determined by 15N dilution. Ambus, P.; Mosier, A.; Christensen, S. Berlin : Springer International; 1992. Biology and fertility of soils v. 14 (4): p. 230-236; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Denmark; Fen soils; Mineralization; Nitrogen; Isotope labeling; Nitrate reduction; Nitrification; Nitrogen cycle; Soil depth; Soil fertility; Ammonium 88 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295 Nitrous oxide dissolved in soil solution: an insignificant pathway of nitrogen loss from a southeastern hardwood forest. Davidson, E.A.; Swank, W.T. Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union; 1990 Jul. Water resources research v. 26 (7): p. 1687-1690; 1990 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Forest soils; Riparian forests; Robinia pseudoacacia; Soil solution; Watersheds; Nitrous oxide; Nitrate nitrogen; Nitrogen; Losses from soil systems; Solubility; Groundwater; Streams; Nitrogen content; Water

composition and quality; Seasonal fluctuations; Soil depth Abstract: Nitrous oxide is soluble and can accumulate in soil solution when gaseous diffusion is restricted. The importance of N losses via degassing of N2O from groundwater entering surface streams is unknown. Measurements of N2O in soil solution revealed patterns of seasonal and spatial variation that were consistent with ecosystem regulation of denitrification. The highest concentrations were observed in the riparian zone in May, when soil NO3-, temperature and moisture were conducive for denitrification. At each of the other sample dates and sites, at least one of these factors appeared to prevent significant N2O accumulation in soil solution. Extrapolation of the highest observed N2O concentrations to an annual basis corresponded to a loss of only 56 g N ha-1 yr-1. Denitrification in the riparian zone may be an important fate of N in this hardwood forest, but N2O in soil solution does not appear to be a significant pathway of N loss. This site might be expected to produce N2O at higher rates than most hardwood forests, but extrapolation of the highest calculated losses from soil solution over the global area occupied by hardwood forest indicates that this source of N2O is insignificant for global atmospheric budgets. 89 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 no.311 Northern/Intermountain Regions' fish habitat inventory grazed, rested, and ungrazed reference stream reaches, Silver King Creek, California. Overton, C. Kerry; Chandler, Gwynne L.; Pisano, Janice A. Intermountain Research Station (Ogden, Utah) Ogden, UT : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station,; 1994. 27 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (General technical report INT ; 311). Cover title. July 1994. Includes bibliographical references (p. 13-15). Language: English Descriptors: Fishes; Stream ecology; Riparian ecology; Grazing 90 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32T Numerical approach to the overland flow process in vegetative filter strips. Munoz-Carpena, R.; Parsons, J.E.; Gilliam, J.W. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers 1958-; 1993 May. Transactions of the ASAE v. 36 (3): p. 761-770; 1993 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: North Carolina; Cabt; Erosion control; Overland flow; Pollution control; Runoff; Sediment; Shelterbelts; Simulation models; Water pollution; Mathematical models Abstract: Agricultural and other disturbed lands contribute to non-point source pollution of water bodies (streams and lakes). Vegetative filter strips (VFS) are often recommended to reduce off-site impacts. Design guidelines to optimize performance of VFS are not readily available. A process-based model is presented to simulate the hydrology of a Vegetative

Filter Strip for a given event. The model consists of a quadratic finite element overland flow submodel, based on the kinematic wave approximation, coupled with an infiltration submodel based on a modification of the Green- Ampt equation for unsteady rainfall. The model is used to study the effect of soil type, stope, surface roughness, buffer length, storm pattern and field inflow on the VFS performance. Filter performance, i.e., reduction of the runoff volume, velocity and peak, is higher for denser grass cover, smaller slopes and soils with higher infiltration capacity. Time to peak(s) depended mainly on the roughness-slope combination. 91 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32P Numerical approach to the vegetative filter strip problem. I. Overland flow. Munoz-Carpena, R.; Parsons, J.E.; Gilliam, J.W. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers,; 1991. Paper / (912573): 33 p.; 1991. Paper presented at the "1991 International Winter Meeting sponsored by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers, December 17-20, 1991, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Erosion; Water quality; Environmental impact 92 NAL Call. No.: S589.7.E57 1994 Nutrient and sediment removal by grass and riparian buffers. Parsons, J.E.; Gilliam, J.W.; Munoz-Carpena, R.; Daniels, R.B.; Dillaha, T.A. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1994. Environmentally sound agriculture : proceedings of the second conference : 20-22 April 1994 /. p. 147-154; 1994. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: North Carolina; Cabt; Water pollution; Point sources; Agricultural land; Pollution control; Sediment; Erosion control; Nutrients; Runoff; Losses from soil; Removal; Filters; Grass strips; Riparian vegetation; Soil conservation 93 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Nutrient interception by a riparian forest receiving inputs from adjacent cropland. Jordan, T.E.; Correll, D.L.; Weller, D.E. Madison : American Society Of Agronomy,; 1993 Jul. Journal of environmental quality v. 22 (3): p. 467-473; 1993 Jul. Paper presented at the USDA-ARS Beltsville Agricultural Research Center Symposium XVII, "Agricultural Water Quality Priorities, A Team Approach to Conserving Natural Resources," May 4-8, 1992, Beltsville, MD. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Cabt; Groundwater flow; Riparian forests; Nitrate nitrogen; Nitrogen; Ammonium; Carbon; Sulfate; Chloride; Ph; Nutrient

retention; Spatial variation; Seasonal variation; Zea mays; No-tillage Abstract: To investigate the ability of riparian forest to intercept nutrients leaving adjacent cropland, we examined changes in the chemistry of groundwater flowing from a corn (Zea mays L.) field through a riparian forest. This study provided a comparison to previous studies of a different forest. We sampled groundwater from a transect of wells, and used a Br- tracer to confirm that groundwater moved laterally along the transect through the forest. As groundwater flowed through the forest, concentrations decreased from about 8 mg/L at the edge of the corn field to < 0.4 mg/L halfway through the forest. Dissolved organic N and NH4+ increased by less than 0.1 mg/L, and dissolved organic C did not change with distance. Sulfate remained constant with distance until midway through the forest, where it began to increase. Chloride concentration rose until midway through the forest, then fell. Values of pH increased from under 5 at the edge of the corn field to over 7 at the stream bank, perhaps as a result of the NO3- consumption. Most of the change in NO3- occurred abruptly at the edge of a floodplain within the forest. There the water table was closest to the surface and soil Eh below the water table was less than -90 mV. Such strongly reducing conditions may have promoted denitrification in the floodplain. In contrast, soil Eh on the adjacent hill slope was above 500 mV, too high to support denitrification. There were only slight seasonal changes in groundwater chemistry. We also studied the net annual accretion of sediment in the riparian forest by measuring changes in the elevation of the soil surface. There was little or no accretion in the forest, but along a path of overland storm flow there was net erosion. Thus, nutrient retention by this forest, in contrast with the forest we previously studied, was contrast with the forest we previously studied, was entirely a below ground process. Functional differences within sections of this forest and among different riparian forests suggest a need for research on the factors that control nutrient retention. 94 NAL Call. No.: 412.9 N814 Options for managing livestock in riparian habitats. Davis, J.W. Washington, D.C. : Wildlife Management Institute; 1986. Transactions of the ... North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (51st): p. 290-297; 1986. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Habitat destruction; Habitat improvement; Animal husbandry; Environmental impact reporting; Grazing effects; Erosion; Overgrazing; Trampling 95 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.N3C66 Options for riparian grazing management. Swanson, S. Reno, Nev. : The College; 1986. Fact sheet - College of Agriculture, University of Nevada-Reno, Nevada Cooperative Extension (86-77): 4 p.; 1986. Includes references. Language: English

Descriptors: Nevada; Cattle; Riparian vegetation; Range management; Grazing 96 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3 Phosphorus redistribution from cultivated fields into riparian areas. Cooper, J.R.; Gilliam, J.W. Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1987 Nov. Soil Science Society of America journal v. 51 (6): p. 1600-1604. ill., maps; 1987 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: North Carolina; Phosphorus; Pollution by agriculture; River basins; Wetlands 97 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 no.308 A photographic utilization guide for key riparian graminoids. Kinney, John W.; Clary, Warren P. Intermountain Research Station (Ogden, Utah) Ogden, Utah : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station,; 1994. 13 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (General technical report INT ; 308.). Cover title. June 1994. Includes bibliographical references (p. 3-4). Language: English Descriptors: Grazing; Grasses; Riparian plants 98 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Physiographic factors in range management planning on an Arizona Ranch. Cumming, K.J.; Thwaits, D. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Dec. Rangelands v. 14 (6): p. 337-343; 1992 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Arizona; Range management; Public domain; Grazing; Costs; Predator control; Beef production; Riparian grasslands; Environmental management; Physiographic features 99 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 A pitch for Badger Creek. Schwien, J. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1991 Aug. Rangelands v. 13 (4): p. 181-182; 1991 Aug. Language: English Descriptors: Colorado; Streams; Rotational grazing; Riparian vegetation;

Watersheds 100 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 Planting techniques from the Aberdeen, ID, Plant Materials Center for vegetating shorelines and riparian areas. Hoag, J.C. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1992 Aug. General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (289): p. 163-166; 1992 Aug. Paper presented at the Symposium on "Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities," May 29-31, 1991, Sun Valley, Idaho. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Idaho; Salix; Populus; Riparian vegetation; Revegetation; Planting; Methodology; Cuttings; Diameter; Length; Planting depth; Fertilizers; Plant growth regulators; Fungicides; Adaptability; Cold storage; Reservoirs; Site factors 101 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Preliminary analysis of water and solute movement beneath a coniferous hillslope in Mid-Wales, U.K. Chappell, N.A.; Ternan, J.L.; Williams, A.G.; Reynolds, B. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Aug. Journal of hydrology v. 116 (1/4): p. 201-215. maps; 1990 Aug. Special issue: Transfer of elements through the hydrological cycle / C. Neal and M. Hornung, guest editors. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wales; Soil water; Streams; Hill land; Coniferous forests; Solutes; Sulfates; Nitrate; Aluminum; Hydrogen ions; Recharge; Ion transport; Water quality; Storms; Runoff; Movement in soil Abstract: Streams draining coniferous forests are often loaded with solutes such as hydrogen ion, sulphate, nitrate and aluminium. As a result, fish populations can be reduced and water quality may fall below recommended potable standards. The transport of ions into water-courses is governed by the movement of water. Within most temperate and tropical areas the stream discharge and chemistry, during periods of rapid runoff, is dominated by the exfiltration of water and solutes from stream-side soils. The movement of water to stream-side or 'riparian' areas remains, however, an enigma. This paper attempts to explain how the riparian area might be rapidly recharged during storm events. Two analytical techniques, the free-surface method and tangent-continuity method, are applied to hydrological properties monitored on a steep coniferous hillslope, during a selected storm event. Comparison of the ionic concentrations of waters within each component of the hydrological system, is used to verify the hydrological analysis. Perched water-tables developed within the basal zones of the O/Ah and Eag soil horizons of the steep podzolic hillslope, during all major storm events. Most of the rapid response within the riparian zone could be explained by lateral flow in these near-surface soil horizons, particularly in the

saturated basal zones. This pathway is corroborated by the similarity of riparian zone and near- surface (or topsoil) chemistries. Relatively low concentrations of monomeric aluminium and relatively high concentrations of chloride, sodium and hydrogen ion were observed within these zones, compared with the subsoil (Bsl and B/C) horizons. 102 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82 Prescribed grazing as a secondary impact in a western riparian floodplain. Sedgwick, J.A.; Knopf, F.L. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1991 Jul. Journal of range management v. 44 (4): p. 369-373; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Colorado; Floodplains; Riparian grasslands; Riparian vegetation; Autumn; Controlled grazing; Cattle; Grazing effects; Flooding; Biomass; Biomass production; Environmental impact; Plant ecology; Botanical composition; Community ecology; Salix; Spartina; Populus; Leaves; Forage Abstract: The effect of late-autumn cattle grazing on plant biomass was examined in a western Great Plains cottonwood riparian zone prone to catastrophic flooding every 5-8 years. Following 1 year of pre-treatment data collection in 1982, five 16-ha pastures were grazed from 1982 to 1984 and compared to 5 control pastures within the South Platte River floodplain in northeastern Colorado. At a prescribed grazing level of 0.46 ha/AUM, riparian vegetation proved to be resilient to the impacts of grazing. We detected only a few significant treatment effects for above-ground biomass after succeeding growing seasons. Willows (Salix spp.) responded negatively to grazing whereas biomass of prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata Link) was greater on grazed plots. Yearly changes in above-ground biomass, especially dramatic following a severe flood in 1983, suggest that periodic, catastrophic flooding is a major perturbation to the ecosystem, and in conjunction with our results on grazing impacts, indicate that dormant- season grazing within Soil Conservation Service (SCS) guidelines is a comparatively minor impact within the floodplain. In addition, grazing impacts were probably further mitigated by a major forage supplement of cottonwood leaves which was available at the time of cattle introductions. This local forage supplement ultimately created a lighter grazing treatment than that originally prescribed. 103 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Priorities for riparian management. Swanson, S. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1989 Oct. Rangelands v. 11 (5): p. 228-230. ill; 1989 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nevada; Sedges; Gully erosion; Stream erosion; Riparian vegetation; Watershed management; Ranking

104 NAL Call. No.: GB565.W8W9 1986 A ranch dependent on streamside zone grazing. Healy, M.W. Laramie, Wyo. : The Center; 1986. Wyoming Water 1986 and Streamside Zone Conference : proceedings : Wyoming's water doesn't wait while we debate : Casper, Wyoming, April 28-30, 1986 / sponsored by Wyoming Water Res Cent [and] UW Agric Ext Serv, Univ of WY. p. 167; 1986. Language: English Descriptors: Wyoming; Grazing; Farm management; Riparian vegetation; Grazing on public land 105 NAL Call. No.: GB565.W8W9 1986 Ranch management of streamside zones. Sun, K.R. Laramie, Wyo. : The Center; 1986. Wyoming Water 1986 and Streamside Zone Conference : proceedings : Wyoming's water doesn't wait while we debate : Casper, Wyoming, April 28-30, 1986 / sponsored by Wyoming Water Res Cent [and] UW Agric Ext Serv, Univ of WY. p. 155-166. ill; 1986. Language: English Descriptors: Wyoming; Range management; Riparian vegetation; History; Desert climate; Controlled grazing 106 NAL Call. No.: S601.D4 Recent soil processes in the floodplain forest. Grunda, B.; Prax, A.; Klimo, E. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company; 1991. Developments in agricultural and managed-forest ecology v. 15: p. 133-141; 1991. In the series analytic: Floodplain forest ecosystem. II. After water management measures / edited by M. Penka, M. Vyskot, E. Klimo, and F. Vasicek. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Czechoslovakia; Floodplains; Riparian forests; Soil formation; Soil chemistry; Decomposition; Ecosystems; Humus; Carbon; Nitrogen; Soil physical properties 107 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 Recruitment and growth of Pacific willow and sandbar willow seedlings in response to season and intensity of cattle grazing. Shaw, N.L. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1992 Aug. General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

Service, Intermountain Research Station (289): p. 130-135; 1992 Aug. Paper presented at the Symposium on "Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities," May 29-31, 1991, Sun Valley, Idaho. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Salix; Seedling growth; Recruitment; Grazing intensity; Cattle; Grazing effects; Wildlife; Browsing; Plant density; Plant height; Establishment; Stems; Crown; Diameter; Riparian vegetation; Spring; Autumn 108 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Reducing agricultural sediment: an economic analysis of filter strips versus micro-targeting. Pritchard, T.W.; Lee, J.G.; Engel, B.A. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 561-568; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Indiana; Cabt; Watersheds; Sediment; Loads; Agricultural land; Water erosion; Erosion control; Filters; Sediment yield; Economic analysis; Models 109 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 Reevaluation of vegetative cover changes, erosion, and sedimentation on two watersheds--1912-1983. Stevens, R.; McArthur, E.D.; Davis, J.N. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1992 Aug. General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (289): p. 123-128; 1992 Aug. Paper presented at the Symposium on "Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities," May 29-31, 1991, Sun Valley, Idaho. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Utah; Microwatersheds; Riparian grasslands; Covers; Water erosion; Sediment; Runoff; Grazing effects; Soil stabilization; Botanical composition; Mountain grasslands; Revegetation; Watershed management 110 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6 Regulators of denitrification in an organic riparian soil. Schipper, L.A.; Cooper, A.B.; Harfoot, C.G.; Dyck, W.J. Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1993 Jul. Soil biology & biochemistry v. 25 (7): p. 925-933; 1993 Jul. Includes references.

Language: English Descriptors: New Zealand; Cabt; Organic soils; Denitrification; Biological activity in soil; Nitrate; Groundwater flow; Landscape; Water quality; Discharge; Water pollution; Catchment hydrology Abstract: We investigated microbial denitrification in an organic riparian zone and identified factors which regulated its rate. The riparian zone received nitrate from incoming groundwater draining an upslope forest which was spray irrigated with treated effluent. Soil cores were taken from the riparian zone and the following variables were measured: KCl-extracted nitrate, water soluble carbon concentration, organic matter content, moisture content, denitrifying enzyme activity, on-site denitrification rates and natural N2O production. Five sampling surveys were made at a range of field temperatures (12-21 degrees C). The riparian soil was continually water-saturated and contained an average organic matter content of 26%. Nitrate concentration in groundwater entering the upslope edge of the riparian zone was generally greater than 5 mg N l-1. In combination, these factors resulted in an ideal environment for denitrification. Mean and median denitrification rates were found to be 1.12 and 0.95 g N m-2 day-1; while mean and median N2O production rates were 73 and 84 mg N m-2 day-1. These rates were 1-3 orders of magnitude greater than those reported in previous studies of upland soils. Up to 77% of the variation in on-site denitrification rate could be explained by nitrate concentration and denitrifying enzyme activity. Temperature may also have regulated the rate of denitrification; however, insufficient observations at different temperatures were made to fully establish a temperature effect. N2O production was found to be most highly correlated to on-site denitrification rate. Rates of denitrifying enzyme activity were also greater than those generally found in upland soils, the mean and median rates were 810 and 740 ng N g-1 h-1. 111 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.U52 Repairing flood-damaged streams in the Pacific Northwest. Lines, I.L. Jr; Carlson, J.R.; Corthell, R.A. Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1979. General technical report WO - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (12): p. 195-200. ill; 1979. Paper presented at a "Symposium on Strategies for Protection and Management of Floodplain Wetlands and other Riparian Ecosystems," Dec 11-13, 1978, Callaway Gardens, Georgia. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Washington; Streams; Erosion control; Floods; Rehabilitation; Geomorphology; Riparian vegetation 112 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32P Research in porous media flow: The University of Georgia. Smith, M.C.; Tollner, E.W.; Vellidis, G.; Radcliffe, D.E.; Thomas, D.L.; Hook, J.E. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers,; 1992.

Paper / (922549): 13 p.; 1992. Paper presented at the "1992 International Winter Meeting sponsored by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers," December 15-18, 1992, Nashville, Tennessee. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Soil pore system; Research; Pesticide residues; Water table; Riparian forests; Water quality; Nitrates; Leaching; Dairy wastes 113 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 Response of riparian shrubs to declining water availability. Boggs, K.; Weaver, T. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1992 Aug. General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (289): p. 48-51; 1992 Aug. Paper presented at the Symposium on "Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities," May 29-31, 1991, Sun Valley, Idaho. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Montana; Riparian vegetation; Botanical composition; Plant communities; Populus deltoides; Salix; Shrubs; Grasses; Plant succession; Stand structure; Biomass production; Grazing effects; Water availability; Canopy; Potassium; Ecosystems; Semiarid climate; Vegetation management 114 NAL Call. No.: S622.S37 no.15 A review of information relevant to the riverine woodland and forest rangelands of south-western New South Wales.. Rangeland review : southern riverine woodlands Dalton, K. L. Chatswood, N.S.W. : Soil Conservation Service of N.S.W.,; 1989. 313 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm. (S.C.S. technical report ; no. 15.). March 1989. Cover title: Rangeland review: southern riverine woodlands. Preparation and publication of this report were funded by the National Soil Conservation Program. Includes bibliographical references (p. 283-313). Language: English Descriptors: Rangelands; Floodplains; Range plants; Riparian flora; Forest flora; Botany 115 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Riparian afforestation effects on water yields and water quality in pasture catchments. Smith, C.M. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Apr. Journal of environmental quality v. 21 (2): p. 237-245; 1992 Apr. Includes references.

Language: English Descriptors: New Zealand; Pinus radiata; Afforestation; Watersheds; Catchment hydrology; Streams; Riparian forests; Water quality; Sediment; Nitrogen; Water yield; Phosphorus; Pastures; Transpiration; Water flow; Interception; Runoff; Overland flow Abstract: The flow records for two pasture headwater catchments for 9 yr before, and 9 yr after riparian afforestation in one catchment were compared. Average rainfall was 1021 mm per yr. Riparian afforestation reduced water yields by 68 to 104 mm (21-55%) when the Pinus radiata stand was 8 to 10 yr old. Delayed runoff declined by 52 to 93 mm per yr (27-63%). Afforestation reduced the quickflow yield in 1 yr (22 mm or 40%). Peak flows declined in small events, were not affected in medium-sized events, and may have increased in large events. The large reductions in yield indicate that the riparian zone had a disproportionately important influence on catchment hydrology. They are attributed to high transpiration losses from the riparian pine in seasons with water deficits, and higher than usual forest interception losses because of the small-scale planting. Streamwater sediment, total and dissolved N and P concentrations in these two catchments and another riparian afforested catchment were monitored for 2 yr. Concentrations were generally lower in the completely pastured catchment. Estimated annual sediment, total P, Kjeldahl N, and nitrate exports from the pasture catchment were 31 to 60%, 70%, 61 to 64% and 58 to 74% of those from the riparian afforested catchments in spite of a higher water yield. Possible explanations for the poor water quality in riparian afforested catchments are described including the lack of riparian wetlands, in-stream vegetation, and close riparian ground cover. The consequences of riparian afforestation in pasture catchments may not readily be predicted from the impacts of complete catchment afforestation. 116 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Riparian areas: perceptions in management. Elmore, W.; Beschta, R.L. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1987 Dec. Rangelands v. 9 (6): p. 260-265. ill; 1987 Dec. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Rangelands; Riparian vegetation; Arid zones; Range management; Watershed management; Environmental impact reporting; Ecosystems; Flooding; Revegetation; Grazing effects; Catchment planning 117 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.A43 Riparian forest communities and their role in nutrient conservation in an agricultural watershed. Fail, J.L. Jr; Haines, B.L.; Todd, R.L. Greenbelt, Md. : Institute for Alternative Agriculture; 1987. American journal of alternative agriculture v. 2 (3): p. 114-121. maps; 1987. Includes references. Language: English

Descriptors: Georgia; Watersheds; Riparian forests; Upland areas; Nutrient cycles 118 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Riparian grazing guidelines for the Intermountain region. Clary, W.P.; Webster B.F. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1990 Aug. Rangelands v. 12 (4): p. 209-212; 1990 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Western states of U.S.A.; Riparian grasslands; Grazing; Grassland management 119 NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.1579 Riparian grazing management by objectives produced by Instructional Media Services with Department of Range, Wildlife, and Forestry and Nevada Cooperative Extension ; directors, Mark Gandalfo, Sherman R. Swanson ; research and script, Sherman R. Swanson. University of Nevada, Reno, Instructional Media Services, Max C. Fleischmann College of Agriculture, Dept. of Range, Wildlife, and Forestry, Nevada Cooperative Extension Reno : Instructional Media Services, University of Nevada, Reno,; 1992. 1 videocassette (13 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. Language: English Descriptors: Riparian ecology; Grazing Abstract: Discusses how streams depend on riparian plants and grazing management for stability or improvement. 120 NAL Call. No.: GB705.A6H9 Riparian habitats of the southeast Sierrita mountains: vanished perennial habitats. Zauderer, J. Tucson, Ariz. : American Water Resources Association; 1989. Hydrology and water resources in Arizona and the Southwest v. 19: p. 59-77. ill., maps; 1989. Paper presented at the "Meetings of the Arizona Section American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section Arizona- Nevada Academy of Science on Hydrology and Water Resources in Arizona and the Southwest," April 15, 1989, Las Vegas, Nevada. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Arizona; Riparian vegetation; Canopy; Mountain areas; Altitude; Zoning; Rivers; Reservoirs; Habitats; Eroded soils; History 121

NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Riparian management improves Western rangeland. Campsey, L. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1991 Feb. Rangelands v. 13 (1): p. 26-27; 1991 Feb. Language: English Descriptors: Nevada; Cattle farming; Rangelands; Range management; Riparian grasslands 122 NAL Call. No.: QH345.B564 Riparian nitrogen dynamics in two geomorphologically distinct tropical rain forest watersheds: nitrous oxide fluxes. Bowden, W.B.; McDowell, W.H.; Asbury, C.E.; Finley, A.M. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1992. Biogeochemistry v. 18 (2): p. 77-99; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Puerto Rico; Biogeochemistry; Denitrification; Groundwater; Hydrology; Nitrification; Nitrogen cycle; Nitrous oxide; Riparian forests; Solutes; Tropical rain forests; Watersheds 123 NAL Call. No.: QH345.B564 Riparian nitrogen dynamics in two geomorphologically distinct tropical rain forest watersheds: subsurface solute patterns. McDowell, W.H.; Bowden, W.B.; Asbury, C.E. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1992. Biogeochemistry v. 18 (2): p. 53-75. maps; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Puerto Rico; Groundwater; Hydrology; Ammonium; Nitrates; Nitrogen cycle; Leaching; Soil texture; Water quality; Watersheds; Tropical rain forests 124 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.N3C66 Riparian pastures. Swanson, S. Reno, Nev. : College of Agriculture, University of Nevada-Reno, Nevada Cooperative Extension; 1987. Fact sheet - College of Agriculture, University of Nevada-Reno, Nevada Cooperative Extension (87-53): 3 p.; 1987. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pasture management; Riparian vegetation; Grazing; Control; Fencing

125 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 A riparian research program. Prouty, M. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1987 Dec. Rangelands v. 9 (6): p. 271-272. ill; 1987 Dec. Language: English Descriptors: Nevada; Idaho; Utah; Riparian vegetation; Plant ecology; Resource management; Rangelands; Research projects; Environmental impact reporting 126 NAL Call. No.: SK351.W523 Riparian stream management. Platts, W.S. Sacramento, CA : Wildlife Society, Western Section; 1986. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society v. 22: p. 90-93; 1986. Meeting held on January 23-25, 1986, Sparks, Nevada. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Riparian vegetation; Rangelands; Stream training; Watershed management 127 NAL Call. No.: HD1775.G4G43 Riparian vegetation as filters of nutrients exported from a coastal plain agricultural watershed. Todd, R.; Lowrance, R.; Hendrickson, O.; Asmussen, L.; Leonard, R.; Fail, J.; Herrick, B. Athens, Ga. : The Stations; 1983 Dec. Special publication - University of Georgia, Agriculture Experiment Stations (23): p. 485-498. ill., maps; 1983 Dec. Paper presented at a symposium, Sept 21-26, 1980, Athens, Georgia. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Riparian forests; Nutrients; Filters; Coastal plains; Watersheds 128 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.U52 Riparian woodlands in jeopardy on northern High Plains. Boldt, C.E.; Uresk, D.W.; Severson, K.E. Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1979. General technical report WO - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (12): p. 184-189. ill; 1979. Paper presented at a "Symposium on Strategies for Protection and Management of Floodplain Wetlands and other Riparian Ecosystems," Dec 11-13, 1978, Callaway Gardens, Georgia. Includes references.

Language: English Descriptors: North Dakota; Woodlands; Riparian vegetation; Rehabilitation; Environmental degradation; Grazing effects 129 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Riparian zone inventory. Braasch, S.; Tanner, G.W. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1989 Jun. Rangelands v. 11 (3): p. 103-106. ill., maps; 1989 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Colorado; Riparian grasslands; Grassland management; Grazing; Streams; Sediment; Water flow; Plant succession 130 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 A riparian zone--one story. Bezanson, C.E.; Hughes, L.E. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1989 Apr. Rangelands v. 11 (2): p. 56-57. ill., maps; 1989 Apr. Language: English Descriptors: Arizona; Riparian grasslands; Rotational grazing; Cattle 131 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3 Riparian zones and filter strips in agricultural operations: January 1985 - April 1993. Makuch, J. Beltsville, Md., National Agricultural Library; 1993 May. Quick bibliography series - National Agricultural Library (93-32): 51 p.; 1993 May. Language: English Descriptors: Riparian vegetation; Streams; Filtration; Farmland; Agricultural chemicals; Water pollution; Bibliographies 132 NAL Call. No.: QH105.C2C36 The role of riparian vegetation in channel bank stability: Carmel River, California. Kondolf, G.M.; Curry, R.R. Berkeley : University of California Press; 1984. California riparian systems : ecology, conservation, and productive management / edited by Richard E. Warner and Kathleen M. Hendrix. p. 124-133. ill., maps; 1984. Includes references.

Language: English Descriptors: California; Rivers; Riparian vegetation; Erosion control; Channels; Water table 133 NAL Call. No.: 99.8 F7623 Salicaceae family trees in sustainable agroecosystems. Licht, L.A. Ottawa : Canadian Institute of Forestry; 1992 Apr. The Forestry chronicle v. 68 (2): p. 214-217; 1992 Apr. Paper presented at "Contribution of Salicaceae Family to Ameliorating our Environment." Joint Popular Council of Canada/US Popular Council Annual Meeting held Sept. 26- 29, 1991, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Salicaceae; Populus; Sustainability; Strip cropping; Groundwater; Water quality; Nitrates; Nitrogen; Nutrient uptake; Ecosystems Abstract: Research at the University of Iowa is testing the ECOLOTREE BUFFER, a prototype wooded buffer strip planted between a creek and row- cropped land with roots grown intentionally deep enough to intersect the near-surface water table. This project demonstrates that Populus spp. trees cultured by using this technique are both ecologically sustaining and productive. Measured data prove that nitrate is removed from near-surface groundwater and that the nitrogen uptake is present as protein in the leaves and the woody stems. The tree's physiological attributes contribute to a harvested value that can "pay its way"; these include fast wood growth, cut-stem rooting, resprouting from a stump, phreatophytic roots, and a high protein content in the leaves. The wooded riparian strip changes the local agroecosystem by reducing fertilizer nutrients causing surface water eutrophication, by diversifying wildlife habitat, by reducing soils erosion caused by wind and water, by diversifying the crop base, by creating an aesthetic addition in the landscape. This idea is a potential technique for managing non-point source pollutants created by modern farming practices. 134 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 Seed source evaluation of four native riparian shrubs for streambank rehabilitation in the Pacific Northwest. Flessner, T.R.; Darris, D.C.; Lambert, S.M. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1992 Aug. General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (289): p. 155-162; 1992 Aug. Paper presented at the Symposium on "Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities," May 29-31, 1991, Sun Valley, Idaho. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Washington; Oregon; California; Alnus sinuata; Acer circinatum; Amelanchier alnifolia; Holodiscus discolor; Seed sources; Seed testing; Wild plants; Geographical distribution; Plant ecology; Plant morphology; Seed collection; Planting; Varieties; Riparian vegetation

135 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Seeking common ground on western rangelands. Cool, K.L. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Apr. Rangelands v. 14 (2): p. 90-92; 1992 Apr. Language: English Descriptors: Montana; Range management; Wildlife; Livestock; Public parks; Public domain; Federal government; State government; Cervus elaphus canadensis; Riparian vegetation; Conflict 136 NAL Call. No.: SF371.R47 Sheep grazing and riparian and watershed management. Glimp, H.A.; Swanson, S.R. Englewood, Colo. : Sheep Industry Development Program; 1994. Sheep research journal /. p. 65-71; 1994. In the special issue: Role of sheep grazing in natural resource management. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Sheep; Grazing behavior; Riparian vegetation; Watershed management; Range management; Runoff; Water quality; Grazing intensity; Literature reviews 137 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82 Short-term response of riparian vegetation to 4 grazing treatments. Popolizio, C.A.; Goetz, H.; Chapman, P.L. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1994 Jan. Journal of range management v. 47 (1): p. 48-53; 1994 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Colorado; Cabt; Riparian vegetation; Grazing; Treatment; Plant communities; Botanical composition; Foliage; National forests Abstract: The Sheep Creek watershed of northcentral Colorado provided an ideal site to collect baseline trend data and to estimate foliar cover responses of montane riparian vegetation. Percent relative cover data were compared with Sorensen's similarity index and were analyzed with a 2-stage nested analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assess differences among 4 grazing treatments: long-term grazing (G), protection from livestock grazing since 1956 (P), recent protection following long-term grazing (P88), and recent livestock grazing following protection (G88). This study utilized 3 replications of each treatment. Data were collected in August 1988, June 1989, and August 1989, employing permanent and randomly placed transects and plots. When percent foliar cover means were paired using Sorensen's similarity index, long-term grazing and short-term grazing treatments were least similar in August 1988. Long-term protection and short-term grazing

were most similar in June 1989. Average percent cover of bare ground, common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Wiggers), white Dutch clover (Trifolium repens L.), and legumes grouped as lifeforms were significantly different among treatments, with long-term grazing being significantly different from long-term protection. Average sedge and forb cover was least affected. However, responses of individual sedge species varied with treatments. Average percent grass cover increased under short-term protection after a history of long-term grazing. Short-term grazing stimulated foliar cover of forbs, grasses, and sedges after more than 30 years of cattle exclusion. 138 NAL Call. No.: 500 AM322A Should cows chew cheatgrass on commonlands?. Gillis, A.M. Washington, D.C. : The Institute; 1991 Nov. BioScience - American Institute of Biological Sciences v. 41 (10): p. 668- 675; 1991 Nov. Language: English Descriptors: Arizona; California; Colorado; Idaho; Montana; Nevada; New Mexico; Oregon; Utah; Washington; Wyoming; Land management; Range management; Resource conservation; Riparian grasslands; Grazing intensity; Beef cattle 139 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 SO3 Simulation of one-dimensional nitrate transport through soil and concomitant nitrate diminution. Sadeghi, A.M.; Kunishi, H.M. Baltimore, Md. : Williams & Wilkins; 1991 Nov. Soil science v. 152 (5): p. 333-339; 1991 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Sandy loam soils; Clay loam soils; Nitrate; Ion transport; Movement in soil; Losses from soil systems; Leaching; Laboratory methods; Undisturbed sampling; Horizontal flow; Velocity; Dispersion; Sorption; Mathematical models; Simulation; Nitrate nitrogen; Potassium nitrate; Carbon; Phthalates; Nutrient sources; Hydrology; Watershed management; Denitrification 140 NAL Call. No.: A99.9 F764U Small mammal populations in a grazed and ungrazed riparian habitat in Nevada. Medin, D.E.; Clary, W.P. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1989 Oct. Research paper INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (413): 6 p.; 1989 Oct. Includes references. Language: English

Descriptors: Nevada; Wildlife; Mammals; Habitats; Riparian vegetation; Populus tremuloides; Salix; Grazing effects; Population dynamics 141 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.U52 Soil conservation service and riparian ecosystems: a long-term view. Barry, V.H. Jr Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1979. General technical report WO - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (12): p. 353-358; 1979. Paper presented at a "Symposium on Strategies for Protection and Management of Floodplain Wetlands and other Riparian Ecosystems," Dec 11-13, 1978, Callaway Gardens, Georgia. Language: English Descriptors: Soil conservation; Resource conservation; Ecosystems; Usda; Riparian vegetation 142 NAL Call. No.: QH345.B564 Soil N mineralization and nitrification in relation to nitrogen solution chemistry in a small forested watershed. Hill, A.R.; Shackleton, M. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989 Sep. Biogeochemistry v. 8 (2): p. 167-184; 1989 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; Watersheds; Woodlands; Nitrates; Nitrification; Nitrogen mineralization; Riparian forests; Soil water; Upland areas; Ecosystems 143 NAL Call. No.: S441.S855 Specifying and analyzing whole-ranch systems for sustainable range livestock production in environmentally-sensitive areas. Riesselman, J. \u Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 1988-; 1991. Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) or Agriculture in Concert with the Environment (ACE) research projects 1991: 8 p.; 1991. SARE Project Number: LW-91-24. Record includes 3 1/2 floppy disk. Language: English Descriptors: Montana; Cabt; Cattle; Beef production; Economic analysis; Profitability; Ungulates; Wildlife management; Alfalfa; Feeding; Seasonal variation; Riparian vegetation; Water quality; Weed control; Biological control; Sheep; Rumen fermentation; Forage; Winter; Sustainability 144 NAL Call. No.: FICHE S-72 Stream corridor management--a response to streambank erosion. Studer, L.L.; Keep, T.A.

St. Joseph, Mich. : The Society; 1988. American Society of Agricultural Engineers (Microfiche collection) (fiche no. 88-2024): 7 p.; 1988. Paper presented at the 1988 Summer Meeting of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Available for purchase from: The American Society of Agricultural Engineers, Order Dept., 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Michigan 49085. Telephone the Order Dept. at (616) 429-0300 for information and prices. Language: English Descriptors: Missouri; Stream erosion; Control methods; Local planning 145 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295 Streambank erosion along two rivers in Iowa. Odgaard, A.J. Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union; 1987 Jul. Water resources research v. 23 (7): p. 1225-1236. ill., maps; 1987 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Rivers; Erosion; Channels; Flow; Sediment pollution 146 NAL Call. No.: 1 Ag84C no.837 Streambank erosion control on the Winooski River, Vermont. Edminster, Frank C.; Atkinson, Walter S.,_1905-; McIntyre, Arthur Clifton, Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture,; 1949. 54 p. : ill., charts, maps, plans ; 23 cm. (Circular / United States Department of Agriculture ; no. 837). Cover title. Language: English; English Descriptors: Soil conservation; Vermont; Streambank planting; Vermont 147 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32P Streambank erosion due to bed degradation. Alonso, C.V.; Combs, S.T. St. Joseph, Mich. : The Society; 1989. Paper - American Society of Agricultural Engineers (89-2108): 21 p.; 1989. Paper presented at the "1989 International Summer Meeting jointly sponsored by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers and the Canadian Society of Agricultural Engineering," June 25-28, Quebec, PQ, Canada. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Stream erosion; Stream flow; Simulation models 148 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T

Streambank erosion due to bed degradation--a model concept. Alonso, C.V.; Combs, S.T. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1990 Jul. Transactions of the ASAE v. 33 (4): p. 1239-1248. ill; 1990 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Stream erosion; Models Abstract: Processes of fluvial erosion which operate on the banks of alluvial streams are examined by considering mechanisms of bed and bank erosion and mass failure of drained, homogeneous, cohesive banks. These concepts are used to formulate a mathematical model to evaluate bed degradation for the case in which bed lowering causes bank instability. Application of the model to a laboratory experiment verifies the behavior of the bed degradation submodel. Analysis of a more complex scenario demonstrates the importance of considering streambank erosion in streambed degradation analyses. 149 NAL Call. No.: 1.98 AG84 Streambank plants vital to water quality. Sherman, H. Washington, D.C. : The Administration; 1989 Aug. Agricultural research - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service v. 37 (8): p. 19; 1989 Aug. Language: English Descriptors: Stream erosion; Sediments; River bank protection; Revegetation; Erosion control 150 NAL Call. No.: S627.S8S77 1983 Streambank protection guidelines ... for landowners and local governments. Keown, Malcolm P. Waterways Experiment Station (U.S.) Vicksburg, Miss. : U.S. Army Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, [1983] (1984 printing); 1983. 60 p. : col. ill., maps ; 28 cm. Cover title. October 1983. Language: English Descriptors: Soil stabilization; Streambank planting; Soil bank program 151 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Streambank stability and cattle grazing in southwestern Montana: a response to the viewpoint. Marlow, C.B. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil Conservation Society of America; 1988 Mar. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 43 (2): p. 206-207; 1988 Mar. Includes references.

Language: English Descriptors: Montana; Cattle; Soil conservation; Grazing effects; Stream erosion; Banks; Stream flow 152 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Streambank stability and cattle grazing in southwestern Montana: a viewpoint. Renard, K.G. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil Conservation Society of America; 1988 Mar. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 43 (2): p. 204-206; 1988 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Montana; Cattle; Soil conservation; Grazing effects; Stream erosion; Banks; Stream flow 153 NAL Call. No.: QH1.J62 Stress and disturbance: vegetation dynamics in the dry Chaco region of Argentina. Adamoli, J.; Sennhauser, E.; Acero, J.M.; Rescia, A. Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1990 Jul. Journal of biogeography v. 17 (4/5): p. 491-500. ill; 1990 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Argentina; Savannas; Ecosystems; Grazing effects; Plant communities; Riparian forests; Rivers; Vegetation types 154 NAL Call. No.: QH540.E288 The study of stream ecosystems: a functional view. Cummins, K.W. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1988. Ecological studies : analysis and synthesis v. 67: p. 247-262. ill; 1988. In the series analytic: Concepts of ecosystem ecology: a comparative view / edited by L.R. Pomeroy and J.J. Alberts. Language: English Descriptors: Streams; Inland water environment; Freshwater ecology; Detritivores; Nutrient cycles; Ecosystems; Invertebrates; Riparian vegetation 155 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Successful range management in the McCoy Gulch Riparian Demonstration Area. Grette, T.

Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Dec. Rangelands v. 12 (6): p. 305-307; 1992 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Colorado; Rangelands; Range management; Riparian grasslands 156 NAL Call. No.: 412.9 N814 Texas creek riparian enhancement study. Prichard, D.E.; Upham, L.L. Washington, D.C. : Wildlife Management Institute; 1986. Transactions of the ... North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (51st): p. 298-303. maps; 1986. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Texas; Environmental impact reporting; Grazing effects; Habitat destruction; Habitat improvement; Livestock; River bank protection; Salmo trutta; Streams 157 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 "The Devil's own"--tamarisk. Hughes, L.E. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management,; 1993 Aug. Rangelands v. 15 (4): p. 151-155; 1993 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Tamarix; Riparian vegetation; Grazing; Regeneration; Range management; Weeds 158 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Using CREAMS to simulate filter strip effectiveness in erosion control. Williams, R.D.; Nicks, A.D. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil Conservation Society of America; 1988 Jan. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 43 (1): p. 108-112; 1988 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oklahoma; Erosion control; Simulation models; Filtration; Grass strips; Agricultural land; Watersheds; Runoff water 159 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T Using the CREAMS model to estimate the effect of diversions on soil loss. Line, D.E.; Meyer, L.D. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1988 Oct. Transactions of the ASAE v. 31 (5): p. 1430-1434. ill; 1988 Oct. Includes references.

Language: English Descriptors: Erosion control; Models; Grass strips; Sloping land 160 NAL Call. No.: aSD433.A53 Value of forested wetlands as filters for sediments and nutrients. Kuenzler, E.J. Asheville, N.C. : The Station; 1989 Jan. General technical report SE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station (50): p. 85-96. ill; 1989 Jan. Paper presented at a "Symposium on the Forested Wetlands of the Southern United States," July 12-14, 1988, Orlando, Florida. Language: English Descriptors: South eastern states of U.S.A.; Wetlands; Forests; Sediments; Nutrients; Runoff water; Pollution; Pollutants; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Riparian vegetation 161 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Variation of stream stability with stream type and livestock bank damage in northern Nevada. Myers, T.J.; Swanson, S. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1992 Jul. Water resources bulletin v. 28 (4): p. 743-754; 1992 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nevada; Streams; Stability; Livestock; Grazing effects; Riparian vegetation; Riverbank protection Abstract: Many natural and anthropogenic factors contribute to the stability or erodibility of stream channels. Although a stream rating procedure used by more than 60 percent of the U.S. National Forests provides an estimate overall stability, it does not identify the cause of instability or indicate corrective management. To better sort natural from livestock influences, stream stability rating indicator variables were related to stream types and levels of ungulate bank damage in a large data base for streams in northern Nevada. Stability and the range in stability varied naturally with stream type. Ungulate bank damage had different effects on different stream types and on different parts of their cross-sections. Vegetation is more important for stability on certain stream types than on other types. Streams with noncohesive sand and gravel banks are most sensitive to livestock grazing. Range managers should consider the stream type when setting local standards, writing management objectives, or determining riparian grazing strategies. 162 NAL Call. No.: TD428.A37V4 Vegetated filter strips for agricultural runoff treatment.

Magette, W. L. United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Chesapeake Bay Program Philadephia, PA : Region III, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,; 1987. xv, 125 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (CBP/TRS ; 2/87). February 1987. Assistance no. X-003314-01. "August 1987."--Cover. "Chesapeake Bay Program."--Cover. Bibliography: p. 39-41. Language: English Descriptors: Agricultural pollution; Water; Sediment transport; Feedlot runoff 163 NAL Call. No.: aQE581.V45 1979 Vegetation and mechanical systems for streambank erosion control guidelines for streambank erosion control along the banks of the Missouri River from Garrison Dam downstream to Bismarck, North Dakota.. Guidelines for streambank erosion control along the banks of the Missouri River from Garrison Dam downstream to Bismarck, North Dakota Logan, Leon D. United States, Army, Corps of Engineers, Omaha District, United States, Forest Service, Northern Region, North Dakota Forest Service Missoula, Mont. : USDA Forest Service,; 1979. iv, 55 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. Produced through a memorandum of understanding between the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District and the USDA Forest Service, Northern Region and the North Dakota State Forest Service. Cover title. February 1979. Bibliography: p. 48-50. Language: English; English Descriptors: Missouri River; Erosion; Streambank planting; Soil conservation 164 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 Vegetation, breeding bird, and small mammal biomass in two high-elevation sagebrush riparian habitats. Clary, W.P.; Medin, D.E. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1992 Aug. General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (289): p. 100-110; 1992 Aug. Paper presented at the Symposium on "Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities," May 29-31, 1991, Sun Valley, Idaho. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nevada; Idaho; Riparian vegetation; Habitats; Grazing effects; Landscape; Biomass; Plant height; Herbage; Shrubs; Wild birds; Breeding; Small mammals 165 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T Vegetative filter strips for agricultural nonpoint source pollution control. Dillaha, T.A.; Reneau, R.B.; Mostaghimi, S.; Lee, D.

St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1989 Mar. Transactions of the ASAE v. 32 (2): p. 513-519. ill; 1989 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Grass strips; Dactylis glomerata; Pollution by agriculture; Erosion control; Water erosion; Rainfall simulators 166 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32P Vegetative filter strips. I. Site suitability and procedures. Hayes, J.C.; Dillaha, T.A. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers,; 1992. Paper / (922102): 17 p.; 1992. Paper presented at the "1992 International Summer Meeting sponsored by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers," June 21-24, 1992, Charlotte, North Carolina. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Vegetation; Erosion control; Sediment 167 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32P Vegetative filter strips. II. Application of design procedures. Dillaha, T.A.; Hayes, J.C. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers,; 1992. Paper / (922103): 18 p.; 1992. Paper presented at the "1992 International Summer Meeting sponsored by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers," June 21-24, 1992, Charlotte, North Carolina. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Vegetation; Water quality; Sediment; Erosion control 168 NAL Call. No.: aS627.S8V4 Vegetative measures for streambank stabilization case studies from Illinois and Missouri. United States, State and Private Forestry, Northeastern Area St. Paul, MN : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Area, State & Private Forestry,; 1991. 1 folded sheet (6 p.) : ill. ; 23 cm. Cover title. Language: English Descriptors: Streambank planting; Stream conservation 169 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32P Vegetative streambank protection in Court Creek watershed. Evans, J.L.; Bennet, B.; Roseboom, D. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers,; 1992.

Paper / (922104): 28 p.; 1992. Paper presented at the "1992 International Summer Meeting sponsored by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers," June 21-24, 1992, Charlotte, North Carolina. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Vegetation; Erosion control; Stream erosion 170 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Viewpoint: an appeal for riparian zone standards to be based on real world models. Dodd, J.L. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Dec. Rangelands v. 14 (6): p. 332; 1992 Dec. Language: English Descriptors: North America; Africa; Riparian vegetation; Riverbank protection; Wildlife; Ecosystems; Rangelands; Livestock; Environmental impact 171 NAL Call. No.: TD930.A32 Water-quality benefits of having cattle manure deposited away from streams. Larsen, R.E.; Miner, J.R.; Buckhouse, J.C.; Moore, J.A. Barking, Essex, England : Elsevier Applied Science ; New York, NY : Elsevier Science Publishing Co., 1991-; 1994. Bioresource technology v. 48 (2): p. 113-118; 1994. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Runoff; Water; Infiltration; Cattle manure; Collection; Water quality; Vegetation; Filters; Bacteria; Transport; Water pollution 172 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Whitehorse Butte allotment--controversy to compromise. Holbert, M.R. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1991 Jun. Rangelands v. 13 (3): p. 125-128; 1991 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Range management; Overgrazing; Riparian vegetation; Grazing systems; Semiarid climate 173 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82 Willow planting success as influenced by site factors and cattle grazing in northeastern California. Conroy, S.D.; Svejcar, T.J. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1991 Jan.

Journal of range management v. 44 (1): p. 59-63; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: California; Cattle; Salix; Crop establishment; Shoot cuttings; Riparian vegetation; Grazing effects; Grazing intensity; Survival; Plant communities; Soil water content; Water table; Site factors 174 NAL Call. No.: GB565.W8W9 1986 Wyoming's challenge in riparian habitat management. Busby, F. Laramie, Wyo. : The Center; 1986. Wyoming Water 1986 and Streamside Zone Conference : proceedings : Wyoming's water doesn't wait while we debate : Casper, Wyoming, April 28-30, 1986 / sponsored by Wyoming Water Res Cent [and] UW Agric Ext Serv, Univ of WY. p. 23; 1986. Language: English Descriptors: Wyoming; Ecosystems; Habitat improvement; Livestock; Grazing lands; Riparian vegetation; Multiple use; Animal husbandry 175 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32 Wyoming's land managers. Schwartz, J. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1991 Feb. Rangelands v. 13 (1): p. 24-25; 1991 Feb. Language: English Descriptors: Wyoming; Range management; Wildlife management; Water availability; Riparian vegetation ************************************************************************ AUTHOR INDEX Acero, J.M. 154 Adamoli, J. 154 Adams, M.B. 83 Alonso, C.V. 148, 149 Ambus, P. 18, 21, 26, 87 Asbury, C.E. 122, 123 Asmussen, L. 128 Atkinson, Walter S.,_1905- 147 Bagley, Bruce Bowden 126 Baird, K. 62 Barfield, B.J. 74 Barry, V.H. Jr 142 Behnke, R.J. 54 Bennet, B. 170 Benvenuti, D.N. 16

Beschta, R.L. 116 Bezanson, C.E. 131 Blevins, R.L. 42 Bock, C.E. 41 Boggs, K. 113 Bohn, C.C. 38 Boldt, C.E. 129 Booth, G.D. 33 Bowden, W.B. 122, 123 Braasch, S. 130 Brittingham, M.C. 44 Brusven, M.A. 12 Buckhouse, J.C. 38, 172 Burkhardt, J.W. 51 Burman, R. 24 Busby, F. 175 Campsey, L. 121 Carlson, J.R. 111 Chandler, Gwynne L. 89 Chaney, E. 10 Chaney, Ed 73, 75 Chapman, P.L. 138 Chappell, N.A. 101 Christensen, S. 26, 87 Clary, W.P. 8, 9, 31, 33, 57, 118, 141, 165 Clary, Warren P. 76, 97 Clausen, J.C. 81, 82 Clements, C. 5 Colorado Riparian Association 14 Combs, S.T. 148, 149 Conroy, S.D. 174 Cool, K.L. 136 Cooper, A.B. 70, 79, 110 Cooper, J.R. 96 Correll, D.L. 93 Corthell, R.A. 111 Cox, J.R. 7 Craven, S. 6 Crawshaw, P.G. Jr 20 Cumming, K.J. 98 Cummins, K.W. 155 Curry, R.R. 133 Dalton, K. L. 114 Daniels, R.B. 92 Darris, D.C. 135 Davidson, E.A. 88 Davis, J.N. 109 Davis, J.W. 94 Davis, K.C. 1 Delong, M.D. 12 Dillaha, T. A. 43 Dillaha, T.A. 46, 80, 92, 166, 167, 168 Dobkin, D.S. 41 Dodd, J.L. 3, 25, 32, 61, 171 Donelly, P.K. 78 Dunham, K.M. 17 Dyck, W.J. 70, 79, 110

Edminster, Frank C. 147 Elmore, W. 37, 116 Elmore, Wayne 73, 75 Elrod, J. 29 Emmingham, W.H. 78 Engel, B.A. 108 Entry, J.A. 78 Evans, J.L. 170 Faber, Phyllis M. 15 Fagerstrom, Minh Ha 52 Fail, J. 128 Fail, J.L. Jr 117 Falter, C.M. 64 Finley, A.M. 122 Fleischner, T.L. 34 Flessner, T.R. 135 Floyd, D. 69 Fogle, A.W. 74 Forest Services Laboratory (Boise, Idaho),Idaho, Dept. of Fish and Game 40 Fowler, R. 55 Frye, W.W. 42 Geier, Theodore William 68 Genz, K. 13 Gillen, R.L. 7 Gilliam, J.W. 90, 91, 92, 96 Gillis, A.M. 139 Glimp, H.A. 137 Goetz, H. 138 Gold, A.J. 84, 85 Grette, T. 156 Groffman, P.M. 84, 85 Grunda, B. 106 Guck, M.E. 45 Guillard, K. 81 Gurtz, M.E. 66 Hafner, C.L. 44 Haines, B.L. 117 Hangs, D.K. 2 Hansen, P. 28 Harfoot, C.G. 70, 110 Haycock, N.E. 59 Hayes, J.C. 167, 168 Healy, M.W. 104 Hendrickson, O. 128 Heng, H. 82 Herrick, B. 128 Hill, A.R. 86, 143 Hoag, J.C. 100 Hoehn, J.P. 35, 48 Holbert, M.R. 173 Holland, Robert F. 15 Holubetz, Terry 40 Hook, J.E. 112 Hu, H.L. 82 Hughes, L.E. 131, 158 Intermountain Research Station (Ogden, Utah) 76, 89, 97

Iowa, Dept. of Water, Air, and Waste Management, United States, Soil Conservation Service 65 Jackson, G. 6 Jackson, W.L. 19 Johnson, W.C. 63 Jordan, T.E. 93 Keep, T.A. 145 Keown, Malcolm P. 151 Kerr, G. 24 Kinch, Gene 56 Kinney, John W. 97 Klimo, E. 106 Knopf, F.L. 102 Kondolf, G.M. 133 Kovalchik, B.L. 37 Krieger, D.J. 35 Krueper, D.J. 39 Kuenzler, E.J. 161 Kunishi, H.M. 140 Lambert, S.M. 135 Lance, T.A. 64 Larsen, R.E. 172 Lee, D. 46, 80, 166 Lee, J.G. 108 Leininger, W.C. 30 Leonard, R. 128 Leonard, S. 13 Licht, L.A. 134 Line, D.E. 160 Lines, I.L. Jr 111 Logan, Leon D. 164 Lowrance, R. 18, 58, 128 Lucas, D.E. 64 Madej, M.A. 2 Madison, C.E. 42 Magette, W. L. 163 Magette, W.L. 45 Makuch, J. 132 Marlow, C.B. 1, 22, 152 Martin, C.W. 63 Masters, L.S. 51 McArthur, E.D. 109 McClellan, P.W. 45 McDowell, W.H. 122, 123 McGurrin, J.M. 72 McInnis, M.L. 71 McIntyre, Arthur Clifton, 147 Medin, D.E. 8, 9, 31, 141, 165 Meyer, L.D. 160 Miles, R. 13 Miner, J.R. 172 Moore, J.A. 172 Mosier, A. 87 Mosley, J.C. 64 Mostaghimi, S. 46, 166 Munoz-Carpena, R. 90, 91, 92 Myers, T.J. 4, 162

Nelson, Rodger Loren 40 Nicks, A.D. 47, 159 Nikolaidis, N.P. 82 Odgaard, A.J. 146 Ogden, P. 69 Overton, C. Kerry 89 Parsons, J.E. 90, 91, 92 Paterson, K.G. 49 Pierce, F.J. 48 Pinay, G. 59 Pisano, Janice A. 89 Platts, W.S. 10, 77, 127 Platts, William S., 40, 73, 75 Pochop, L. 24 Popolizio, C.A. 138 Prax, A. 106 Prichard, D.E. 157 Pritchard, T.W. 108 Prouty, M. 125 Purvis, A. 48 Quigley, H.B. 20 Quigley, T.M. 71 Radcliffe, D.E. 112 Raleigh, R.F. 54 Renard, K.G. 153 Reneau, R.B. 166 Rescia, A. 154 Reynolds, B. 101 Rich, T.D. 41 Riesselman, J. \u Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 144 Rimbey, N. 50 Rodgers, J.D. 3, 25, 32, 61 Roseboom, D. 170 Roundy, B. 69 Ruyle, G. 69 Ruyle, G.B. 7 Saab, V.A. 41 Sadeghi, A.M. 140 Saldi, K.A. 81 Sanders, K. 50 Sanderson, H.R. 71 Schipper, L.A. 70, 79, 110 Schnoor, J.L. 49 Schulz, T.T. 30 Schwartz, J. 176 Schwien, J. 99 Sedgwick, J.A. 102 Sennhauser, E. 154 Severson, K.E. 129 Shackleton, M. 143 Shanholtz, V.O. 46 Sharp, L.A. 50 Shaw, N.L. 57, 107 Shen, H. 82 Shepard, B.B. 53 Sherman, H. 150 Sherrard, J.H. 46, 80

Siefken, G. 11 Simmons, R.C. 84, 85 Skinner, Q.D. 3, 25, 32, 61 Smith, C.M. 115 Smith, M.A. 3, 25, 32, 61 Smith, M.C. 112 Sorenson, V.L. 48 Stevens, R. 109 Stewart, D. 69 Studer, L.L. 145 Sun, K.R. 105 Svejcar, T.J. 174 Swank, W.T. 88 Swanson, S. 4, 13, 95, 103, 124, 162 Swanson, S.R. 137 Swenson, W. 6 Tanner, G.W. 130 Tate, C.M. 66 Tausch, R. 51 Ternan, J.L. 101 Thomas, D.L. 112 Thomas, H.S. 67 Thwaits, D. 98 Tiedemann, A.R. 71 Todd, R. 128 Todd, R.L. 117 Tollner, E.W. 112 Tudor-Owen, R.P.D. 60 United States, Army, Corps of Engineers, Omaha District, United States, Forest Service, Northern Region, North Dakota Forest Service 164 United States, Bureau of Land Management 56 United States, Environmental Protection Agency 73, 75 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Chesapeake Bay Program 163 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Chesapeake Bay Program, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Dept. of Agricultural Engineering, Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Dept. of Agronomy 43 United States, State and Private Forestry, Northeastern Area 169 University of Arizona, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arizona, Agricultural Sciences Communications 27 University of Maryland at College Park, Dept. of Agronomy 126 University of Nevada, Reno, Instructional Media Services, Max C. Fleischmann College of Agriculture, Dept. of Range, Wildlife, and Forestry, Nevada Cooperative Extension 119 Upham, L.L. 157 Uresk, D.W. 129 Van Haveren, B.P. 19 Vellidis, G. 112 Vieux, B.E. 35 Wagstaff, F.J. 10, 36 Walker, J.W. 64 Waterways Experiment Station (U.S.) 151 Wayland, K.G. 81 Weaver, T. 113

Weaver, W.E. 2 Webendorfer, B. 6 Webster B.F. 118 Webster, Bert F. 76 Weller, D.E. 93 Williams, A.G. 101 Williams, R.D. 47, 159 Williamson, L.L. 23 Wyatt, J. 60 Zauderer, J. 120 *************************************************************************** SUBJECT INDEX 2,4-d 78 Acacia albida 17 Acer circinatum 135 Adaptability 100 Aerobiosis 26 Afforestation 60, 81, 115 Africa 171 Agricultural chemicals 42, 132 Agricultural land 26, 35, 92, 108, 159 Agricultural pollution 43, 163 Alachlor 49 Alfalfa 144 Alnus sinuata 135 Altitude 120 Aluminum 101 Amelanchier alnifolia 135 Ammonium 70, 86, 87, 93, 123 Ammonium nitrogen 18 Angling 10 Animal behavior 71 Animal husbandry 72, 94, 175 Animals 34 Annuals 32 Aquatic ecology 40 Aquatic environment 4 Argentina 154 Arid zones 116 Arizona 69, 98, 120, 131, 139 Atrazine 49, 78 Atriplex confertifolia 50 Autumn 102, 107 Bacteria 172 Banks 152, 153 Beef cattle 29, 33, 53, 139 Beef cows 22 Beef production 7, 98, 144 Behavior 71 Bibliographies 132 Biogeochemistry 122 Biological activity in soil 26, 85, 110 Biological control 144 Biomass 102, 165 Biomass production 31, 78, 102, 113

Birds 8, 9, 39, 41, 62 Botanical composition 102, 109, 113, 138 Botany 114 Brahman 7 Brazil 16, 20 Breeding 9, 165 Browsing 37, 107 Browsing damage 37 Buffering capacity 59 Cabt 2, 28, 29, 33, 34, 34, 41, 44, 59, 61, 64, 81, 82, 83, 90, 92, 93, 108, 110, 138, 144 California 2, 15, 62, 133, 135, 139, 174 Calves 1 Canada 5 Canopy 113, 120 Carbon 17, 26, 70, 78, 85, 93, 106, 140 Castor canadensis 5 Castor fiber 5 Catchment hydrology 59, 110, 115 Catchment planning 116 Cattle 10, 20, 25, 30, 37, 61, 95, 102, 107, 131, 144, 152, 153, 174 Cattle farming 121 Cattle husbandry 67 Cattle manure 172 Celtis occidentalis 66 Cervus 38 Cervus elaphus canadensis 136 Channels 32, 133, 146 Chloramphenicol 18, 21 Chloride 58, 93 Clay loam soils 140 Climatic factors 7 Coastal plain soils 18, 58 Coastal plains 128 Cold storage 100 Collection 172 Colorado 30, 55, 99, 102, 130, 138, 139, 156 Community ecology 102 Community involvement 16 Computer software 35 Conflict 136 Coniferous forests 41, 101 Connecticut 81, 82 Conservation 20 Conservation areas 29 Conservation tillage 42 Control 3, 124 Control methods 145 Controlled grazing 102, 105 Coordination 16 Cost benefit analysis 35 Costs 36, 98 Covers 109 Cows 1 Crop establishment 174 Crop quality 25

Crops 81 Crown 107 Crude protein 25 Cuttings 100 Czechoslovakia 106 Dactylis glomerata 166 Dairy wastes 112 Decomposition 66, 106 Denitrification 18, 21, 26, 58, 70, 79, 85, 110, 122, 140 Denitrifying microorganisms 79, 85 Denmark 87 Deposition 45 Desert climate 105 Desert plants 27 Desertification 3, 27 Deserts 27, 32 Detritivores 155 Diameter 100, 107 Discharge 110 Dispersion 140 Drainage 79 Drainage water 26 Dry matter 25 Economic analysis 108, 144 Ecosystems 5, 13, 39, 69, 72, 106, 113, 116, 134, 142, 143, 154, 155, 171, 175 Electrical stimulation 71 Endangered species 62 England 59 Environmental degradation 34, 129 Environmental impact 34, 37, 91, 102, 171 Environmental impact reporting 94, 116, 125, 157 Environmental management 98 Environmental pollution 46 Environmental protection 54 Enzyme activity 21, 85 Eroded soils 120 Erosion 2, 6, 12, 23, 51, 63, 91, 94, 146, 164 Erosion control 35, 42, 67, 74, 90, 92, 108, 111, 133, 150, 159, 160, 166, 167, 168, 170 Establishment 107 Evaluation 16 Evapotranspiration 24 Experimental plots 49 Farm income 36 Farm management 104 Farm surveys 16, 16 Farmers 48 Farmland 12, 42, 132 Federal government 53, 136 Feed evaluation 61 Feeding 144 Feedlot runoff 43, 163 Fen soils 26, 87 Fencing 44, 124 Fens 26 Fertilizers 100

Field tests 49 Field trips 57 Fields 58 Filters 35, 45, 46, 48, 92, 108, 128, 172 Filtration 42, 132, 159 Fish farms 57 Fisheries 72 Fishes 40, 89 Flooding 66, 102, 116 Floodplains 2, 32, 102, 106, 114 Floods 111 Flow 74, 146 Foliage 138 Forage 7, 25, 102, 144 Foraging 61 Forest flora 114 Forest influences 86 Forest litter 17, 78 Forest soils 58, 78, 88 Forests 161 Forests and forestry 40 Freshwater ecology 155 Freshwater fishes 4 Fungicides 100 Geographical distribution 135 Geological sedimentation 83 Geomorphology 111 Georgia 18, 58, 117, 128 Glucose 18 Grass strips 42, 45, 47, 92, 159, 160, 166 Grasses 32, 60, 80, 97, 113 Grassland management 7, 28, 118, 130 Grassland soils 78 Grazing 10, 22, 39, 40, 41, 53, 56, 57, 61, 64, 72, 73, 75, 76, 89, 95, 97, 98, 104, 118, 119, 124, 130, 138, 158 Grazing behavior 1, 25, 36, 38, 137 Grazing effects 4, 7, 8, 9, 23, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 37, 54, 57, 94, 102, 107, 109, 113, 116, 129, 141, 152, 153, 154, 157, 162, 165, 174 Grazing intensity 7, 33, 107, 137, 139, 174 Grazing lands 30, 175 Grazing on public land 36, 38, 104 Grazing systems 1, 37, 53, 55, 173 Groundwater 58, 84, 85, 88, 122, 123, 134 Groundwater flow 58, 59, 93, 110 Groundwater pollution 81, 82, 84 Guidelines 53 Gully control 16 Gully erosion 103 Habitat destruction 20, 23, 53, 94, 157 Habitat improvement 69, 94, 157, 175 Habitat selection 6, 25, 61 Habitats 4, 8, 9, 12, 39, 41, 54, 62, 77, 120, 141, 165 Herbage 165 Herbicide residues 47, 49 Hill land 101 History 63, 105, 120

Holodiscus discolor 135 Horizontal flow 140 Humus 106 Hunting 20 Hydrogen ions 101 Hydrological factors 59 Hydrology 122, 123, 140 Idaho 8, 10, 12, 33, 50, 57, 64, 100, 125, 139, 165 Identification 15 Indexes 4 Indiana 108 Infiltration 172 Information systems 12 Inland water environment 155 Integration 16 Interception 115 International cooperation 20 Invertebrates 155 Ion transport 101, 140 Iowa 49, 134, 146 Irrigation 24 Irrigation water 26 Isotope labeling 87 Jaguars 20 Kansas 63, 66 Kigelia africana 17 Kinetics 21 Laboratory methods 140 Lakes 79 Land classification 13 Land management 139 Land use 34, 63, 77 Landscape 110, 165 Leaching 112, 123, 140 Leaves 17, 66, 102 Length 100 Limnology 86 Liriodendron tulipifera 18 Literature reviews 137 Livestock 4, 28, 36, 38, 71, 136, 157, 162, 171, 175 Livestock farming 34, 41 Loads 108 Local planning 145 Logging 39 Losses from soil 92 Losses from soil systems 88, 140 Mammals 8, 141 Mapping 12 Marginal analysis 35 Maryland 93, 140 Mathematical models 82, 90, 140 Meadows 24 Measurement 45 Metabolism 80 Methodology 100 Microbial activities 85 Microbial degradation 78

Microorganisms 78 Microwatersheds 109 Mineral content 17 Mineral soils 78 Mineralization 78, 85, 87 Missouri 145 Missouri River 164 Models 53, 108, 149, 160 Monitoring 28 Montana 1, 22, 28, 53, 113, 136, 139, 144, 152, 153 Morphology 4 Mountain areas 120 Mountain grasslands 24, 30, 109 Movement in soil 49, 82, 101, 140 Multiple use 175 National forests 29, 69, 138 National parks 2 Natural regeneration 7 Natural resources 14 Nature conservancy 69 Nature conservation 62 Nature reserves 20 Nebraska 11 Nesting 44 Nevada 4, 31, 95, 103, 121, 125, 139, 141, 162, 165 New Mexico 29, 139 New Zealand 110, 115 Nitrate 21, 26, 58, 70, 79, 101, 110, 140 Nitrate fertilizers 79 Nitrate nitrogen 18, 59, 85, 88, 93, 140 Nitrate reduction 87 Nitrates 18, 84, 86, 112, 123, 134, 143 Nitrification 85, 87, 122, 143 Nitrites 21 Nitrogen 17, 46, 64, 78, 81, 82, 85, 87, 88, 93, 106, 115, 134, 161 Nitrogen content 17, 66, 88 Nitrogen cycle 86, 87, 122, 123 Nitrogen mineralization 143 Nitrous oxide 18, 58, 88, 122 No-tillage 42, 93 North America 41, 171 North Carolina 90, 92, 96 North Dakota 129 Nutrient availability 17, 58 Nutrient content 17 Nutrient cycles 117, 155 Nutrient retention 93 Nutrient sources 140 Nutrient transport 83 Nutrient uptake 134 Nutrients 46, 92, 128, 161 Nyssa sylvatica 18 Odocoileus hemionus 38 Oklahoma 159 Ontario 86, 143 Oregon 37, 38, 107, 111, 116, 135, 139, 173 Organic compounds 58

Organic soils 70, 110 Overgrazing 94, 173 Overland flow 90, 115 Pasture management 22, 124 Pastures 32, 44, 67, 115 Pennsylvania 44 Perennials 32 Pesticide residues 112 Ph 84, 93 Phosphorus 17, 46, 64, 66, 78, 80, 96, 115, 161 Phthalates 140 Physiographic features 98 Pinus elliottii 18 Pinus radiata 115 Plant communities 25, 34, 37, 113, 138, 154, 174 Plant community analysis 30 Plant density 32, 107 Plant ecology 66, 102, 125, 135 Plant growth regulators 100 Plant height 107, 165 Plant morphology 135 Plant succession 113, 130 Planting 60, 100, 135 Planting depth 100 Plants 49 Poa palustris 30 Poa pratensis 30, 31 Point sources 92 Policy 72 Pollutants 81, 82, 161 Pollution 12, 161 Pollution by agriculture 3, 96, 166 Pollution control 44, 74, 81, 90, 92 Population density 30, 44 Population dynamics 141 Populus 49, 100, 102, 134 Populus deltoides 25, 113 Populus tremuloides 9, 31, 141 Potassium 17, 113 Potassium nitrate 140 Prairies 66 Precipitation 32 Predator control 98 Private sector 23 Profiles 70 Profitability 144 Project control 53 Projects 16 Protein content 25 Public domain 34, 53, 98, 136 Public parks 136 Puerto Rico 122, 123 Quality controls 16 Quercus macrocarpa 66 Rain 86 Rainbow trout 10 Rainfall simulators 166

Ranching 29 Range management 13, 14, 23, 29, 37, 50, 51, 53, 55, 56, 67, 69, 76, 77, 95, 98, 105, 116, 121, 136, 137, 139, 156, 158, 173, 176 Range pastures 22 Range plants 114 Rangelands 8, 13, 23, 64, 72, 114, 116, 121, 125, 127, 156, 171 Ranking 103 Ratios 58, 70 Recharge 101 Reclamation 3, 19 Recruitment 107 Reduction 21, 26, 70 Regeneration 31, 158 Regrowth 30 Rehabilitation 111, 129 Removal 92 Research 112 Research projects 125 Reservoirs 100, 120 Resource conservation 13, 23, 139, 142 Resource management 39, 125 Retention 59 Revegetation 19, 62, 100, 109, 116, 150 Rhode Island 84, 85 Rill erosion 45 Riparian ecology 14, 27, 40, 56, 73, 75, 89, 119 Riparian flora 15, 114 Riparian forests 9, 16, 17, 18, 20, 39, 58, 59, 66, 69, 78, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 88, 93, 106, 112, 115, 117, 122, 128, 143, 154 Riparian grasslands 5, 10, 28, 31, 33, 41, 50, 51, 53, 55, 59, 61, 64, 71, 72, 78, 98, 102, 109, 118, 121, 130, 131, 139, 156 Riparian plants 97 Riparian vegetation 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 19, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29, 30, 32, 34, 37, 44, 54, 57, 60, 62, 63, 64, 67, 83, 92, 95, 99, 100, 102, 103, 104, 105, 107, 111, 113, 116, 120, 124, 125, 127, 129, 132, 133, 135, 136, 137, 138, 141, 142, 144, 155, 158, 161, 162, 165, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176 River bank protection 19, 150, 157 River basins 63, 96 Riverbank protection 6, 11, 44, 60, 162, 171 Rivers 10, 79, 120, 133, 146, 154 Robinia pseudoacacia 88 Rotational grazing 69, 99, 131 Rumen fermentation 144 Runoff 6, 26, 38, 42, 46, 79, 86, 90, 92, 101, 109, 115, 137, 172 Runoff control 47 Runoff water 159, 161 Salicaceae 134 Salix 9, 30, 31, 37, 100, 102, 107, 113, 141, 174 Salmo clarki 53 Salmo trutta 157 Salmonidae 72 Samplers 74 Sandy loam soils 140 Sandy soils 18 Saturated conditions 26 Savannas 154

Seasonal fluctuations 25, 26, 88 Seasonal growth 7 Seasonal variation 21, 78, 84, 93, 144 Sedges 103 Sediment 42, 83, 90, 92, 108, 109, 115, 130, 167, 168 Sediment pollution 146 Sediment transport 43, 163 Sediment yield 108 Sedimentation 46 Sediments 45, 150, 161 Seed collection 135 Seed sources 135 Seed testing 135 Seedling growth 107 Semiarid climate 113, 173 Settlement 16 Sheep 137, 144 Shelterbelts 74, 90 Shoot cuttings 174 Shrubs 113, 165 Simulation 140 Simulation models 47, 90, 148, 159 Site factors 100, 174 Slopes 45 Sloping land 160 Sloping sites 16 Small mammals 165 Soil acidity 17 Soil amendments 18 Soil and water conservation 16 Soil bank program 151 Soil chemistry 106 Soil conservation 42, 48, 65, 92, 142, 147, 152, 153, 164 Soil depth 18, 84, 87, 88 Soil fertility 17, 18, 87 Soil formation 106 Soil organic matter 17, 18, 70, 84 Soil physical properties 106 Soil pore system 112 Soil properties 78 Soil sedimentation 63 Soil solution 88 Soil stabilization 109, 151 Soil texture 123 Soil types (ecological) 21, 70, 79 Soil water 85, 101, 143 Soil water content 18, 26, 174 Solubility 88 Solutes 101, 122 Sorption 140 Sources 81, 82 South Africa 60 South eastern states of U.S.A. 161 Spartina 102 Spatial distribution 58, 70 Spatial variation 17, 84, 85, 93 Species 39

Species diversity 34, 44 Sporobolus 7 Spring 107 Ssimulation models 80 Stability 4, 162 Stand structure 31, 113 State government 136 Steers 7 Stems 107 Stocking rate 25, 38 Storms 101 Stream channels 63 Stream conservation 169 Stream ecology 89 Stream erosion 44, 103, 145, 148, 149, 150, 152, 153, 170 Stream flow 148, 152, 153 Stream training 127 Streambank planting 65, 147, 151, 164, 169 Streams 2, 3, 4, 19, 25, 32, 36, 38, 53, 57, 66, 77, 86, 88, 99, 101, 111, 115, 130, 132, 155, 157, 162 Strip cropping 134 Subsoil 21 Substrates 26 Subsurface drainage 84 Sulfate 93 Sulfates 101 Surface layers 21 Surface water 79, 81, 82 Surveys 53, 63 Survival 174 Sustainability 32, 134, 144 Tamarix 158 Technical aid 16 Temperature 21, 84 Temporal variation 58 Terracing 16 Texas 34, 157 Trampling 22, 94 Transpiration 115 Transport 172 Treatment 138 Trees 60 Tropical rain forests 122, 123 U.S.A. 77 Undisturbed sampling 140 Ungulates 144 Upland areas 25, 32, 84, 85, 117, 143 Uptake 49 Usda 142 Utah 109, 125, 139 Utilization 28 Valleys 57 Variations 63 Varieties 135 Vegetated waterways 60 Vegetation 167, 168, 170, 172 Vegetation management 46, 113

Vegetation types 154 Velocity 140 Vermont 147, 147 Wales 101 Washington 111, 135, 139 Water 43, 73, 75, 163, 172 Water availability 113, 176 Water composition and quality 23, 88 Water conservation 22, 42 Water erosion 51, 108, 109, 166 Water flow 115, 130 Water management 77 Water pollution 3, 6, 26, 42, 48, 59, 64, 79, 81, 82, 90, 92, 110, 132, 172 Water quality 57, 64, 81, 91, 101, 110, 112, 115, 123, 134, 137, 144, 168, 172 Water resource management 23 Water supplies 24 Water table 84, 85, 112, 133, 174 Water use 24 Water yield 115 Watershed management 4, 11, 103, 109, 116, 127, 137, 140 Watersheds 12, 59, 60, 86, 88, 99, 108, 115, 117, 122, 123, 128, 143, 159 Weed competition 62 Weed control 144 Weeds 158 Weight gain 7 West Virginia 83 Western states of U.S.A. 5, 19, 34, 51, 118 Wetland ecology 73, 75 Wetlands 69, 84, 96, 161 Wild birds 44, 165 Wild plants 135 Wilderness 29 Wildlife 8, 23, 28, 54, 107, 136, 141, 171 Wildlife conservation 69 Wildlife management 38, 144, 176 Winter 59, 144 Wisconsin 6 Woodland soils 17 Woodlands 129, 143 Woody plants 32 Wyoming 3, 24, 25, 32, 61, 104, 105, 139, 175, 176 Zea mays 49, 81, 93 Zimbabwe 17 Zoning 120

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