Risks of zoonotic diseases associated with the ongoing pandemic COVID-19
andRole of Veterinarians in Building
Resilience for Livestock
Gujarat Institute of Disaster ManagementB/H. PDPU, Koba- Gandhinagar Highway
Village - Raisan, Dist. GandhinagarPh. 079-23275804/www.gidm.gujarat.gov.in
Epidemics
Pandemics
Epizootics
Pest
Insect infestation
Animal Incidents
Pollution
BIOLOGICAL DISASTER
Biological disasters are scenarios involving disease, disability or death on a large scale among humans, animals
and plants due to toxins or disease caused by live organisms or their products. Such disasters may be natural in
the form of epidemics or pandemics of existing, emerging or reemerging diseases and pestilences or man-
made by the intentional use of disease causing agents in Biological Warfare (BW) operations or incidents of
Bioterrorism (BT).
The International Health Regulations, or IHR (2005), represent an
agreement between 196 countries including all WHO Member States to
work together for global health security.
Through IHR, countries have agreed to build their capacities to
detect, assess and report public health events.
IHR also includes specific measures at ports, airports and ground
crossings to limit the spread of health risks to neighboring
countries, and to prevent unwarranted travel and trade
restrictions so that traffic and trade disruption is kept to a
minimum.
The entry into force of the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR (2005)) on 15 June 2007 is a public
health landmark for the World Health Organization (WHO) and its Member States.
International Health Regulations
Chapter I: General Preparedness against avian influenzaChapter II: Steps to be undertaken in Case of Suspicion of Avian influenza Outbreak Chapter III: Action Plan to deal with Confirmed Outbreak of AIChapter IV: Post Operation Surveillance and Freedom from Disease Chapter V: Education Campaign on General Awareness and Biosecurity Measures on Avian Influenza Outbreaks
Addendum: Guidelines for zoological parks
Avian Influenza : Ahmedabad -2017
DATE: 31/12/16
PLACE: ASHA FOUNDATION
During first visit to Asha Foundation (Epicenter). Rapid chromatographic assay was performed this day, and was found positive for Avian Influenza Virus
SURVEILLANCE ACTIVITY IN THE HIGH ALERT ZONE (UPTO 10 KM AREA OUTSIDE INFECTED ZONE BY FMD TYPING SCHEME, AHMEDABAD)
SAMPLE COLLECTION ACTIVITY IN THE HIGH ALERT ZONE (UPTO 10 KM AREA OUTSIDE INFECTED ZONE BY FMD TYPING SCHEME, AHMEDABAD)
Avian influenza H5Nx outbreaks and Rearing system
Country Poultry Crow/other Zoo LBM Total outbreaks
Afghanistan 25 1 (Rook) - - 26
Bangladesh 555 3 - - 558
Bhutan 23 23
India 157 22(1 pond heron) 6 - 185
Myanmar 128 1 129
Nepal 236 3 1 - 240
Pakistan 45 1 5 51
Sri Lanka 1 - - - 1
Grand Total 1213
Why HPAI is Still A ThreatAvian Influenza A (H7N9) – A Flight Risk???
Flight routes from the outbreak regions would quickly carry any human-transmissible virus to huge population centers in Europe, North America and Asia. Estimated numbers of people residing within two hours' travel time of destination airport calculated using gridded population-density maps and a data set of global travel times. Map supplied by A. J. Tatem, Z. Huang and S. I. Hay (2013). Unpublished data. (A.J.T., University of Southampton, UK; Z.H., University of Florida, Gainesville; S.I.H., University
of Oxford, UK.) Cases have been imported from China (Canada-2, Hong Kong-13, Malaysia-1 and Taiwan-4)
As of June 05, 2019: 1,568 human infections (616 deaths) of HPAI H7N9 with pandemic potential have been reported to World Health Organization (WHO). Live bird markets remain the main source of the virus spreading among poultry, and from poultry to humans.
Since the last update (08 May 2019), no H7N9 outbreak or H7N9 positive animal or environment findings were reported. 61
Why HPAI is Still A Threat - Avian Influenza A (H7N9)
Control Measures
Hazard Risk Vulnerability Assessment (HRVA)
- State Level Zoonotic Committee
-District Level Zoonotic Committee
-Inter-sectoral Co-ordination
Disease Surveillance
Bio-security
Stamping out
Mass Vaccination
- NADCP
- PPR CP
Disease Surveillance
Avian Influenza Surveillance
B.S.E. Surveillance
Glanders Surveillance
Rabies Surveillance
Brucellosis surveillance
Salmonella Surveillance
Bovine TB Surveillance
JD Surveillance
FMD Surveillance
PPR Surveillance
Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance
Bio-security
Biosecurity is set of measures aimed at preventingthe introduction and/or spread ofharmful organisms, in order to minimise the riskof transmission of infectious diseases to people,animals and plants caused by viruses, bacteria orother microorganisms.
ફાર્મર્ાાં કમ્પાઉન્ર્ રિવાલ અને પ્રવેશદ્રાર બનાવવુાં જેથી અન્ય પશુ અને વાહનો અને મલુાકતીઓનાાં પ્રવેશ પર નનયાંત્રણ થઇ શકે
Intaersectoral co-ordination is
very well established in CCHF
Samples are regularly submitted
to NIV, Pune and NISAD, Bhopal
and DRDO for the same.
A state-wide animal Surveillance
programme is conducted
Ani.
Hus.
Ani.
Hus.Health
Admin.Health