The promise of driverless transport & robotized logistics

Risto Linturi, futurist

Limited automation can be very useful -> complete autonomy is not the only goal • low level assisted driving now widely used to prevent 50% of accidents

• autonomous mining trucks in use now

• autonomy in predefined routes – now piloted • replacing drivers in route traffic

• autonomy in limited situations – being piloted • allows driver leisure time, prevents accidents

• autonomy in limited areas – being piloted • local robot taxi & automated delivery carts

• autonomy within convoy – being piloted • vehicle optimization, one driver ten trucks?

• remote driving – being piloted • allows for efficient & high quality car rental • combined with limited autonomy – taxi service

• fully autonomous driving within mapped areas – being piloted

Technology now and in near future • 30 car models adapt to traffic speed – assisted driving getting common

• Existing cars can be easily modified to driverless cars (i.e. Lockheed products)

• Google uses Velodynes expensive LIDAR to create a 3D-model of the surroundings and compares it to a 3D-map. Other sensors include IR-radar, teraherz radar, regular radar, stereocamera, GPS, inertiasensor. Sensor prices are lowering rapidly! • coarse location from GPS. Exact location 3D map/Lidar & inertia sensor based

• Remote driver could assist in unrecognised situations

Driverless cars in freight traffic • Urban freight distribution with platoon drive). one driver 25 trucks.

• Shopping via remotely controlled robot and delivery of the shopping bag via driverless car to home or a delivery box close to ones home.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tasa3D1vVTc Volvo Sartre http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mFzLAcThLgE Lockheed military

Optimal scenario in mobility as a service from a Finnish study, Automaattisen liikenteen metropolivisio

• Existing 3 million vehicles replaced by one million robot vehicles

• Cars wear out faster but cost per kilometer is only 50% or even below that if the quality and efficiency of maintenance increases – Cost per kilometer below 20 cent / vehicle achievable

• Cars will be mainly shared – car pooling, public trasport, robot taxi

• Public robot cars feed trunk traffic • Customer enters destination to his cellphone. Car collects him in 3-5 minutes and

leaves him at the closest suitable trunk route stop. After the trunk route, cell phone application automatically arranges for a robot car to pick him up.

• Savings in vehicle costs possibly 6 billion, accident costs. 2 billion, parking 3 billion, wages & work time 6 billion – this is 10% BKT.

• + Convenience & other benefits and freed capital (100 billion)

Step by step progress - adoptation is crucial now!

• Singapore uses robotic vehicles now in campus areas and public parks

• Milton Kaynes and other locations in GB have started public pilots

• Holland, Germany, USA in rapid progress

• Lockheed driverless add ons to existing military vehicles passed Pentagon tests

We could pilot in Finland i.e.

• suburban predefined routes 20km/h

• suburban package delivery (sidewalk)

• Robotic package delivery in Lappland

• Robotic snow plows (in Lappland)

Quadcopters http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qmHwXf8JUOw

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnkMyfQ5YfY

• USA & EU considering progressive legislation! • Flying remote pacemaker to cardiac arrests. • Parcel delivery, waitering • construction, assembly, collecting tasks • Measuring, control, military tasks • Mapping, photography and surveillance

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#DDDay

Open logistics requires public action Cars as delivery boxes (Volvo)

• We could have a delivery box in every suburb in walking distance to every home – anyone could leave stuff there and pick it up with a predefined code

• If cars were delivery boxes and the courier had location data of the car and a temporary key to the trunc – it would be like Volvo&DHL

Solowheel, Segway

& robotic feet http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Ysb-Oko3Bg

• robotic light traffic can boost public trasport in a way bicycles can not.

• Segway is allowed in many countries, in Finland not. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YVnIjAmLNOk

• New limbs for the elderly and paralyzed? • Cyberdynes HAL strengthens

weak limbs tenfold. Rental 1.000-2.000E/kk

• Should remotely controlled & autonomous robots move from place to place by themselves?

Robotic vessels

• developers i.e. Rolls Royce, US Navy – global shipping 375 billion $

• crew costs including required space c. 44% of ocean liners costs

• European union 3.5 million euro project studies robotic vessels • Maritime Unmanned Navigation through Intelligence in Networks

• Small vessels for various marine research, container shipping in local lakes, drones for demining, route probing, small drone carriers etc. Technology is ready now!

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Interoperable ecosystem model Linturi&Kuittinen, 2014

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