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Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a Distinct Identity in the Marketplace Training of the Trainers Program on Effective Intellectual Property Asset Management by Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
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Page 1: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Riyadh, September 16, 2014

Dr. Pierre El KhouryLa Sagesse Law School

Beirut, LEBANON

“Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a Distinct

Identity in the Marketplace

Training of the Trainers Program on Effective Intellectual Property Asset Management by

Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs)

Page 2: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

What is the issue? Trademark = Ip فكرية = ملكية العالمة IP = Capital رأسمال = الفكرية الملكية Capital = Economic Development رأس

االقتصادي االنتعاش على يساعد المال

Why it is important to us? Original and attractive Trademark leads

to a brand brand ببناء تسمح للمستهلك والجذابة المبتكرة العالمة

Introduction

Page 3: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Understand the basics of trademark and industrial design and their impact on business

التجارية العالمات أسس هي ما Know how to create a brand and what branding

strategy to use and manage it within your businessتجارية اختيارعالمة يتم كيف

Know the role played by trademarks in reinforcing brand power and how to apply it to your business

التجارية العالمات دور Know the importance of legally protecting your

trademarks and the steps to be taken in case of infringement

التجارية للعالمة القانونية الحماية وكيفية اهمية

What are the Objectives?

Page 4: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

1- Importance of Trademarks in Increasing the Power of Marketing

التسويقية القدرة تقوية في التجارية العالمة اهمية

2- Strategies of Building the Brand: how?القوية؟ العالمة بناء يتم كيف

How can we reach these Objectives?

Page 5: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

A brand = name, term, sign, symbol, design, or a combination of them intended to

identify تحدد the goods and services والخدمات البضائع of one seller or group of sellers and to

differentiate تميزها

them from those of other sellers.

Making a Mark

1- Importance of Trademarks in Increasing the Power of Marketing

The Value of a Brand العالمة قيمة

Page 6: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

باريس معاهدة ظل في التجارية العالمة م1883حماية

بتاريخ انضمت السعودية العربية 2004آذار 11المملكة

The principle of the TM التجارية العالمة مبدأ“The conditions for the filing and registration of trademarks shall be

determined in each country of the Union by its domestic legislation” (Article

6(1)) التجارية العالمة وتسجيل الحماية طلب بتقديم يختص فيما التشريعية الحرية دولة لكل

Making a Mark

Protection of TM under Paris Convention 1883

Page 7: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

: التجارية العالمات نظام التجارية العالمة تعريف

Making a Mark

Page 8: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

  يضمن التجارية العالمة v تسجيل استئثاريا v zا حقا مادي مردودzا يول}د الذي

  النتاج الحصري الحق هذا ضمان خالل من الحماية لصاحبها توفرخدمات أو لشخص واالنتفاعمنتجات بالتصريح أو مباشرة اما منها

}ن معي مبلغ مقابل بها باالنتفاع آخر

تشكل أولى جهة من فهي لصاحبها مكافأةوبالنتيجة

المشروعة غير المنافسة جهود أمام z حاجزا تشكل أخرى جهة ومنتحكم: التي المحاكم أمام المرتكبين مالحقة بالتعويضوالتقليد

الحق لصاحب العادل

Making a Mark

التجارية؟ العالمة وظيفة هي What Does aماTM do ?

Page 9: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

المراد الدولة في الوطني العالمات مكتب لدى التجارية العالمة لتسجيل طلب إيداع يجب

فيها ) العالمة ( االقليمية مبدأحماية

) المملكة) في والصناعة التجارة وزارة في التجارية العالمات مكتب

: الطلب يتضمن

تسجيلها- المطلوب العالمة عن واضحة صورة

اإلشارة- ) عليها تنطبق قد التي الخدمات أو السلع التخصص قائمة (مبدأ

مشابهة أو أخرى عالمة لصاحب الممنوحة الحقوق نفس المطلوبة الحقوق تكون أن يجوز ال

االعتراض. أو الوطني المكتب طريق عن والفحص بالبحث ذلك من التحقق ويمكن لها

. مشابهة بحقوق أو الحقوق بنفس تطالب أخرى أطراف عن الصادرMaking a Mark

How is a trademark registered?التجارية؟ العالمة تسجل كيف

Page 10: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

لنظام التنفيذية الالئحة من الثانية المادةالتجارية العالمات

Page 11: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

التخصص مبدأ

Page 12: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

U

مــــن تكون أن خاصة بصفة للعالمــة :يجــــــوز) الشخصيــــــة ) االسمــــــــاء ذلـــك فـي بما كلمـات

رسوم أ وحروف أو

ألوان أوأرقام أو

السلع شكل أوتعبئتها أو

مجسمة صور أومؤشرات جغرافية أو

مذاق أو رائحة أو أصوات أومجتمعة منها أي أو

Making a Mark

What kinds of trademarks can be registered?تسجيلها؟ يمكن التي التجارية العالمات أنواع هي ما

Page 13: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

الويبو تدير حدة، على إقليمي أو وطني مكتب كل لدى التسجيل الجراء z تفاديا : مفاعيل يعطي واحد تسجيل أي التجارية للعالمات الدولي للتسجيل z نظاما

دول عدة في الحماية

للعالمات الدولي التسجيل بشأن مدريد اتفاق هما معاهدتان النظام هذا تحكم . النظام هذا يضم مدريد وبروتوكول منضمة 91التجارية ليست المملكة دولة

كلتيهما في أو المعاهدتين إحدى في عضو بلد إلى بصلة يمت الذي للشخص يمكن ) دولي) تسجيل على يحصل أن اإلقامة أو المنشأة أو الجنسية خالل من

How extensive is trademark protection?

التجارية؟ العالمة حماية نطاق هو ما

Page 14: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

1- Recognition and Loyalty والوالء االعتراف خلق

Customers remember your business. A strong brand name and logo/image helps to keep your company image in the mind of your potential customers. انطباع

المستهلك ذاكرة في االسم

If customers trust your brand, they are likely to trust you with unfamiliar products. الثقة بناء

If customers are happy with your products or services, you are building their loyalty across your business. بناء الوالء

How Can Branding Benefit My Business?

Page 15: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

2- Image of Size الحجم عن صورة اعطاء

A strong brand will project an image of a large and established business to your potential customers.People usually associate branding with larger businesses that have the money to spend on advertising and promotion. Effective branding makes your business appear to be much bigger than it really is. القادرة والقوية الكبيرة الشركة بصورة عادة تتأثر الناس

An image of size and establishment is important in reassuring that you will still be around in a few years time. المستهلك نفس في االطمئنان من نوعzا تبعث

How Can Branding Benefit My Business?

Page 16: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

3- Image of Quality النوعية عن صورة اعطاء

A strong brand projects an image of quality in your business, many people see the brand as a part of a product or service that helps to show its quality and value.

والجودة النوعية حسن عن المستهلك لدى انطباعzا تعكس القوية العالمة If you show a person two identical products, only one of

which is branded; they will almost always believe the branded item is higher quality. ذو المنتج أن دائمzا يعتقد المستهلك

أفضل نوعية ذو هو العالمة Over time the image of quality in your business will usually

go up. But branding cannot replace good quality, and bad publicity will damage a brand (and your businesses image), especially if it continues over a long period of time. كل في

االسم اكتسب ولو حتى والنوعية الجودة من أدنى حد احترام يجب األحوالواسعة شهرة

How Can Branding Benefit My Business?

Page 17: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

4- Image of Experience and Reliability عن صورة اعطاءوالموثوقية الخبرة

A strong brand creates an image of an established business that has been around for long enough to become well known.

وقوي مؤسس تجاري مشروع صورة تعكس القوية العالمة

A branded business is more likely to be seen as experienced in their products or services, and will generally be seen as more reliable and trustworthy than an unbranded business. في خبرة ذو أنه يعتبر عالمة تحت يشتغل الذي التجاري المشروع

أكثر به الوثوق ويمكن مجاله

Most people will believe that a business would be hesitant to put their brand name on something that was of poor quality. كانت اذا المشهورة عالمتها تحت منتج تسوق ال الشركة بأن يعتقد المستهلك

متدنية نوعيته

How Can Branding Benefit My Business?

Page 18: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

5- Multiple Products المنتجات تعدد

If your business has a strong brand, it allows you to link together several different products or ranges. ببعض بعضها منتجات عدة بربط تسمح القوية العالمة

You can put your brand name on every product or service you sell, meaning that customers for one product will be more likely to buy another product from you. اz تلقائي يشتري سوف المستهلك

القوية العالمة تحمل التي المنتجات

How Can Branding Benefit My Business?

Page 19: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

For Example:Sony sells televisions, music equipment,

consoles, camcorders, DVD players, video players, and etc all under the Sony brand name.

Page 20: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

You can also create separate brand names for your product ranges, allowing people to see your brand name, and then use the range brand name to work out what they wish to buy. فئة لكل فرعية عالمات خلق أيضzا يمكنالعالمة على االبقاء مع وذلك الشركة منتجات منثقة الشركة اساسها على اكتسبت التي االساسية المستهلك

Page 21: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

For Example:Cadbury’s makes a range of confectionary

under many different sub-brand names such as Dairy Milk, Boost, Flake, and Time Out. All of these are sold under the product brand, but all feature the Cadbury’s brand name on the packaging.

Page 22: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Positive Image Trust Loyal Clientele Business Goodwill in the long term = االيجابية الصورة

الطويل = = المدى على العالمة شهرة مخلص مستهلك الثقة

Satisfied Consumers Emotional Attachmentبالمنتج = ونفسي عاطفي تعلق المستهلك رضا

Brand Cultural Image Consumers Linked to Product

المستهلك = = بها يرتبط معينة ثقافة صورة تعكس العالمة

Creating Brands through Trademarks----> As a resultبالمحصلة

Page 23: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

How to select a mark?التجارية؟ العالمة اختيار يتم ان يجب كيف

Shall support business goals and objectives. التجاري المشروع وتطلعات أهداف تراعي

====> Wide range of issues to consider:

◦ The relevant languages اللغة عنصر◦ Culturally determined meaning of colors اللون ◦ The legal requirement that arise out of the relevant

trademark law القانوني العامل

2- Strategies of Building the Brand

Page 24: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

◦The market of the trademark: national or international : للعالمة المرتقب السوق عامل

عالمي أم وطني

challenge to create or select a mark that has no meaning or does not have a negative meaning or connotation in any of the relevant languages.

◦ العالمي الصعيد على اللغة معيار تحترم عالمة ايجاد صعوبة

Page 25: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Legal Requirements: In compliance with the trademark law الصناعية الملكية لقانون العالمة احترام

Language Requirements: Easy to read, spell, remember, retrieve استعمالها / / تذكرها قرائتها سهولة Not generic or descriptive of the product or service وصفية او عامة تكون اال

Trademark Search: Not identical or confusingly similar آخر مكان في مستعملة تكون اال

Connotation: No undesirable or negative connotation in any language سلبي معنى لها يكون اال

Domain Name: Availability of the corresponding domain name متاح الموقع عنوان يكون أن

The five-points checklist قائمة التحقق

Page 26: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Coined words no meaning / invented words / المبتكرة المؤلفة الكلمات

KODAKArbitrary words (fanciful) does not describe the product غير العشوائية الكلمات الوصفية

ELEPHANT (for cell phones)Suggestive Words describe some attributes of the product الموحية الكلمات

Airbus/Nescafe/Swatch (Swiss watch)

Example of easily accepted words:

Page 27: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Branding Strategies

Page 28: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Usually you see this a lot on trademarks: a multi-brand strategy means that you market two or more products under different and unrelated brands: for example, because you want to segment your market between high end and low end. With designs you can do this as well. For example, Daimler owns the brands Mercedes and Smart. You notice that the design of the cars is also very different.

zا كلي مختلفة اسماء تحت أكثر أو منتجان تسويق ايضzا يمكن

Multi brand strategyالعالمات تعدد استراتيجية

Page 29: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Multi branding العالمات تعدد

Page 30: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

In the family branding strategy, the same brand is used on a group of products of the same company

منتجات عدة على تستعمل العالمة نفس

Family branding strategyالعائلة نفس من عالمات استراتيجية

Page 31: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Family branding

Page 32: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Family branding

Page 33: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Many businesses use an existing brand for a new product to save time and money. Product extensions are new products or services introduced under an established brand name either in the same (line extension) or a new (brand extension) product category. الموجودة العالمة استعمال

مجاالت وفي جديدة منتجات على وتطبيقها والمعروفةمختلفة

Product extension strategyجديدة لمنتجات العالمات امتداد استراتيجية

Page 34: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Product extension

Page 35: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

In the Line extension a new variety of a product is introduced in the market. This means that the core characteristics are the same, but the new variety offers a new benefit, such as flavour, size, package type

له يكون السوق، على المنتج من جديد صنف يدخل هناجديد شيء اليه أضيف وانما نفسها الخصائص

Line extension strategyالمنتج تمدد استراتيجية

Page 36: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Line extension

Page 37: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Brand extensions happen when a brand name or design is used to enter a completely different product market. This can help to give credibility to the new product

منتج خالل من السوق الختراق العالمة تستعمل حين أيzا كلي جديد

الجديد للمنتج مصداقية اعطاء الى يؤدي األمر هذا

Brand extensions strategyالعالمة تمديد استراتيجية

Page 38: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Brand extension

Page 39: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

The same product might be eligible for multi-protection:

- Designs & Patents (or Utility Models)

- Designs & Copyright

- Designs & Trademarks

Page 40: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Design protects aesthetical features الشكل of a product (it is primarily الخارجيornamental), whereas its functional features (functional improvements)

الوظيفية can be protected by a الخصائصpatent or a utility model ( المنفعة (نموذج

Multi-protection الحماية وسائل تالزم

Designs & Patents

Page 41: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

A cumulative protection by design law and by copyright law is possible. Knowing that copyright protection last longer than design protection.

Multi-protection الحماية وسائل تالزم

Designs & Copyright

Page 42: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

If a product’s design becomes a distinctive feature مميزة of that product, it can خاصةbe protected as a 3D trademark (in some countries) األبعاد ثالثية عالمة

Once a design acquires distinctiveness }ز التمي through its use in the market it خاصة

may qualify for trademark registration.

Multi-protection الحماية وسائل تالزم

Designs & Trademarks

Page 43: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

This is the case of the Coca‐Cola bottle which is a three‐dimensional mark or trade dress.

The shape of the bottle was initially an industrial design صناعي and only laterتصميمit was registered as a trademark in many countries.

Page 44: Riyadh, September 16, 2014 Dr. Pierre El Khoury La Sagesse Law School Beirut, LEBANON “Making a Mark” – The Importance of Trademarks in Establishing a.

Making a Mark

Thank you

[email protected]


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