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8/2/2019 RJC Res 40 March 2011 (2)
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8/2/2019 RJC Res 40 March 2011 (2)
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Resolution is the quarterly
newsletter of the Restorative Justice
Council
Resolution is here to reflect restorative
practice in all its forms anddevelopments. Please get in touch if
you would like to submit an article or
have any suggestions for how we mightimprove the publication.
The articles in this newsletter express
the personal views of the authors anddo not necessarily reflect the views of
the RJC.
2011 RJC. Not to be reproduced
without permission.
Editor: Chris IgoeRestorative Justice Council
Beacon House, 113 KingswayLondon, WC2B 6PP
T: 020 7831 5700F: 020 7242 5007
W:www.restorativejustice.org.uk
2
Resolution
DirectorsIntroduction
Welcome tothe Springissue ofResolution.This has beenan immenselyexciting time
for restorative practice, andfor the RJC.
At our launch event with the Princess
Royal in January the Princess met 100
RJC members and heard from each of
them about their work. HRH is keen to
see and support the work of RJC
members if you would like her to visit
your area or service, please let us
know. Jo Nodding, a survivor of rape
who had to fight to get access to RJ,
also spoke powerfully at our launch
event her words are on page 7 of this
issue.
We are delighted with the new RJC
website launched in January, which hasled to a 500% increase in the use of the
RJC site getting the word out much
more effectively about what restorative
practice is to a wider audience. All
members have now received their
login details, so you can update your
membership details with the RJC
directly online, and download
member-only resources, including the
new 2011 Best Practice Guidance for
Restorative Practice, endorsed by the
Ministry of Justice and a wide range ofpartner agencies.
We are extremely grateful to everyone
on the review team who contributed to
the guidance, making sure it
represents the latest evidence and
innovative best practice and works for
the whole field. At our ACPO/RJC
Conference Minister Nick Herbert
gave an inspiring and challenging
keynote address see the RJC
website and said the RJC Best Practice
Guidance is exactly the rightapproach. A complimentary copy for
all RJC members is included with this
issue of Resolution.
Thank you to all who responded to the
consultation on Practitioner
Registration. 86% of responses
supported the proposal for a national
Practitioner Register, and we will
publish a summary of the responses
and suggestions received shortly. We
will develop plans for the register in
the light of the detailed suggestions
received. Crispin Blunt MP is a strong
supporter of the Practitioner Register,
and will launch the Register and
present Diplomas to the practitionerswho are the first to have taken the Skills
for Justice Diploma in Restorative
Practice. All members are warmly
invited to this event on 11th July 2011
where you will hear from the
practitioners who have taken the award
about how its helped them reflect on
and improve their practice: and find
out more about accreditation,
registration and continuing
professional development in
restorative practice.We are continuing to work closely both
with the Ministry of Justice and the
Department for Education. We have
proposed a number of schools for
Schools Minister Nick Gibbs to visit, so
he can see for himself the benefits of
restorative approaches in schools. We
are also we are working directly with
policy officials in the Ministry of Justice
to develop the policy and legislative
options to increase access to RJ across
both the adult and youth justice
systems.
In the latest issues of Resolution weve
highlighted areas of the country which
are moving forward to become
restorative cities, or counties Hull,
Kent, and in this issue were
spotlighting the excellent multi-
agency working happening across
Norfolk. If youd like your agency or
area to feature in future issues of
Resolution to tell others about your
work and share practice innovations,
please get in touch.
Lizzie Nelson
Director, Restorative Justice Council
Contents4
5
6
7
8
14
15
16
18
19
RJC response toBreaking theCycle Green Paper
Speech by Nick Herbert MP
Youth Conferencing
Jos Story
Spotlight on restorativepractices in Norfolk
Debating restorative justice
Restorative Education
The Victims View
Writing Wrongs
Making RestorativeApproaches Work
About the RJC
The Restorative Justice Council
provides quality assurance and
the national voice for restorative
practice.
Restorative processes bring
those harmed by crime or
conflict, and those responsible
for the harm, into communication,
enabling everyone affected by a
particular incident to play a part
in repairing the harm and finding
a positive way forward.
http://www.restorativejustice.org.uk/http://www.restorativejustice.org.uk/http://www.restorativejustice.org.uk/8/2/2019 RJC Res 40 March 2011 (2)
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Issue 40: Spring 2011
3
Practitioner Registration
The Ministry of Justice has contributedstart-up funding to RJC to create a newnational register of restorativepractitioners. The register will be fullysearchable online to help assure thepublic that restorative justice is a safeand positive process.
The RJC consulted on our plans with86% of respondents supporting RJCsplans for practitioner registration. Asummary of the responses will be
published shortly on the RJC website.
Brooke Kinsella Report'Tackling Knife Crime Together', took
Ms Kinsella, the report author, to TheChildren's Society's Tees Valley Project:
a project which uses a variety of
restorative practices focusing mainly
on victim-offender mediation for
offenders aged 10-18. Although
initially sceptical about restorative
justice, visiting the project and hearing
the stories of people who have been
through the process led Brooke to see
the positive impact restorative justice
can have.
Ms Kinsella reports that restorative
justice could be an effective way of
helping offenders to fully understand
and accept responsibility for the crime,
making them less likely to re-offend.
She draws attention to the potential
benefits for victims, maintaining that
restorative justice is a way of giving
victims a greater sense of closure as
they have the chance to have their
voices heard. The report also points out
that for crimes such as rape and
domestic abuse restorative justice
could work to reduce senses of fearand guilt that victims often feel.
See pages 20-22 (full report) and page4 (executive summary) available atwww.restorativejustice.org.uk
News in BriefBest Practice Guidance forRestorative Practice
The new Best Practice Guidance waspublished at the ACPO/RJCConference this month and is availableon the RJC website. The Guidance isendorsed by the Ministry of Justice,ACPO, NOMS, the YJB and many otherorganisations to add your agencysendorsement or to order hard copiesplease email [email protected]
Media RoundupKathleen Key, who met the person
responsible for her husbands death,
Kim Smith an experienced facilitator
and trainer, and Lizzie Nelson, RJC
Director, featured on the Radio 4 PM
programme on Wednesday 9th
February.
Jo Noddings story (see page 7) was
featured as a full page interview in
The Guardian and Jo also spoke on
5Live on Saturdays Steve Nolan
show. Jo said "I'm doing this becauseI just want other victims of crime to
have the same opportunity I had to
meet the person who harmed them."
The Telegraph reported a restorative
justice conference held by Dorset
Police commenting that this was
using a sledgehammer to crack a
nut. RJCs response is available at
www.restorativejustice.org.uk
Speaking in The Sun Conservative
backbencher Douglas Carswell MP
described restorative justice as a
fad and said Ive never met a victim
who wanted it. RJC contacted Mr
Carswell informing him of the
evidence on restorative justice that
70% of victims choose to participate
in restorative justice.
More effective responsesto anti-social behaviourA Home Office consultation is
proposing making the informal and
out-of-court tools for dealing withanti-social behaviour more
rehabilitative and restorative.
Respond online at
www.homeoffice.gov.uk
RJC response to theSentencing Green PaperBreaking the Cycle
Restorative justice has the potential totransform our justice system byenabling people to Do Justicethemselves, rather than simply havingit done to them. See page 4 for furtherdetails of the RJCs response to theGreen Paper.
Nick Herbert MP addresses
ACPO/RJC conferenceNick Herbert, Minister for Policing,delivered the keynote speech at theACPO/RJC Conference on RJ, Policingand The Big Society, underlining hissupport for restorative justice andsetting out the challenges it must face.Extracts from the Minister's speech areavailable on page 5.
New RJC Website LaunchedThe new website was launched lastweek atwww.restorativejustice.org.ukproviding case studies, video content,
quality assurance through our TrainersRegister as well as dedicated member-only resources. The new website wasused 500% more in its first month thanthe previous site and has led to a 15%increase in RJC members.
The RJC website has received 5,711 visits
from all over the UK since its launch last
month
Google Analytics
http://www.restorativejustice.org.uk/http://www.restorativejustice.org.uk/http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/http://www.restorativejustice.org.uk/http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/8/2/2019 RJC Res 40 March 2011 (2)
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Restorativejustice is,quite simply,better
justice. It hasthe potential
to transform our justicesystem by enabling peopleto Do Justice themselves,rather than simply having it
done to them, by: putting victims and communities,
the people really harmed by a crime,
centre stage, giving people the right
to their say, to communicate, to get
answers and justice that means
something
challenging offenders with
something that court alone rarely
offers - an insight into the real human
impact of their crime, the chance to
take responsibility and the motivationto change
providing personalised justice, with
the back-up of the courts and the
advice of criminal justice
professionals, restorative justice (RJ)
provides justice that means
something, that works for the people
directly affected by a crime,
including the offender themselves
reclaiming justice for communities
by building community ownership of
justice outcomes
The Government has made clear its
commitment to developing the use of
restorative justice at all stages of the
Criminal Justice System (CJS). We
commend the breadth of vision for
restorative justice inBreaking the
Cycle, and encourage the Government
to be radical in statutory reform, giving
all victims of crime both victims of
adult and young offenders the option
of participating in RJ whenever an
offender pleads guilty.
The RJC response to Breaking the
Cycle outlines four key things that
Government needs to do now to bring
that vision to reality:
First, Government must abandon the
performance and target culture which
stopped police officers from using
their discretion to find solutions that
meet victims needs, and prevent
future offending. We need a
performance culture which
encourages police to use their
discretion, whenever RJ can provide a
better outcome.
Second, to encourage community-
based justice the Government must
ensure that local and community-
based agencies, including
Community Justice Panels, are given
the infrastructure funding and
support to grow. Volunteer and
community-based RJ are the essence
of the Big Society vision in the
Criminal Justice arena but can only
grow with secure funding for
infrastructure at both national and
local level.
Third, our Youth Justice legislation
needs radical reform to bring it into
line with that of Northern Ireland and
make restorative justice the normal
response to youth offending.
Legislation should make clear that RJ,
delivered to national standards is the
default option, and should be offered
to all victims whenever the young
person pleads guilty and agrees to
participate in the process. CPS/Police
should also have the option to refer
straight to RJ as soon as an offenderaccepts responsibility for the offence,
as in Northern Ireland.
Fourth, for victims of adult offenders,
legislation must place a duty on CJ
agencies to offer restorative justice,
delivered to national standards, to all
victims of crime pre-sentence
whenever an offender pleads guilty
and agrees to participate in the
process. Government should also
ensure that victims have access to
restorative justice post-sentence.
On behalf of RJC members, we
welcome this Governments
commitment to developing restorative
justice. We look forward to working
with Government and with our
members and partner organisations,
nationally and at local level, to bring
the vision of a new way of doing justice,
outlined in Breaking the Cycle, into
reality.
The full response - and links to those of
our partner organisations - is available
atwww.restorativejustice.org.uk
Responses from our partners
Victim Support believes that
restorative justice should be made
available to all victims who want it
at whatever stage of the criminal
justice process would suit them
best.
Clinks supports the idea of a
National Register of Restorative
Practitioners to ensure quality of
delivery.
We attach to this response our
recent report Time for a New
Hearing (JUSTICE/The Police
Foundation, 2010) which sets out
our recommendations for making
restorative justice the primary
response to offending by children
and young people in England and
Wales
The Standing Committee for
Youth Justice (SCYJ) supports
proposals to increase the use ofrestorative justice throughout the
criminal justice system.
The T2A Alliance strongly
endorses the use of restorative
justice for young adult offenders
over the age of 18, as well as
young offenders.
Make Justice Work warmly
welcomes the progressive
proposals set out in the Green
Paper, and particularly the
emphasis on the value of effective
community sentences and
restorative justice, as well as the
need to take seriously the needs
of victims.
4
Resolution
A new way of Doing JusticeRJC response to theBreaking the Cycle Green Paper
8/2/2019 RJC Res 40 March 2011 (2)
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Issue: Spring 2011
5
Extracts from a speech by Nick HerbertMP at the ACPO/RJC conference
This morningwhat I wouldlike to do istalk about
why I believein restorative
justice; I'llexplain why I think there is somuch more to do and I'll set outthe Governments commitment
to make that happen.Above all, I would like to talk about
how I think we need to describe
restorative justice, and how we embed
it at the heart of the criminal justice
system.
The interests of victims
Every crime has a victim, and what has
happened in the way our system has
evolved, is that when the state has
taken responsibility for dealing with
criminal offences, it has taken the
remedy out of the hands of the
individual and accepted collective
responsibility for dealing with that
crime. And it seems to me that what
restorative justice is about is not just a
new disposal or a new set of disposals.
It is about looking at this system in an
entirely different way. It is about saying
that if every crime has a victim, then
we ought to be interested in how
victims are regarding the way in which
that crime is dealt with. More than that,
I think we need a system that puts thenotion of the responsibility of the
offender back at the centre, too. Again
it seems to me that restorative justice
has the potential to do that.
The Big Society
I believe that by re-empowering the
community, by opening up justice and
the criminal justice systems to the
community, by recognising the interest
of victims and the power of community
to effect restoration and sometimes
reparation too, we are describing whatthe Big Society should be about.
Real Justice
Weve heard criticism before that
restorative justice is some kind of soft
option. What we must describe is not
soft justice, but real justice: a justice
that commands community support.
What that means is that it has to pass a
number of crucial tests. Restorative
justice must be robust and effective in
terms of victim satisfaction, it must
deliver reductions of re-offending but,
importantly, also fulfil the wider test of
being effective in the criminal justice
system and commanding public
confidence. Restorative justice has tobe visible and it has to be transparent.
Transforming the justice system
Now I would like to say something else
that I think is perhaps challenging. I
believe that we should stop talking
about 'diverting' from the criminal
justice system. Instead of talking about
diversion from the system, what we
should really be talking about is
transforming the criminal justice
system. We should stop talking about
diversion because what we want to dois not see restorative justice as some
kind of alternative to the criminal
justice system. What we want to see is
restorative justice and restorative
principles embedded in the criminal
justice system as a whole and
operating at every part of the criminal
justice system.
Neighbourhood justice
Im very encouraged by the way in
which this is moving in policing. We
know that at least three-quarters ofpolice forces are already using
restorative justice as part of their
neighbourhood policing. I think there
is immense potential here and I want to
see this activity being driven across
the country, but innovated locally
without Government prescription. This
is why I think the Restorative Justice
Council: Best Practice Guidance for
Restorative Practice, which has been
published today, is exactly the right
approach.Applying restorative justice in other
areas
We are also looking at instances where
a court case is likely to lead to a fine or
a community sentence and, as part of
this, we will explore how restorative
justice can be used as part of an out-of-
court disposal. Another area we are
looking at is in relation to restorative
conferences. These are carried out
pre-sentence for offenders who admit
their guilt and agree to participate.
They could inform the court decision
about the type of sentence that is
handed down. Strengthening the
restorative element in referral ordersacross the youth sentencing
framework, drawing on the experience
of youth conferencing in Northern
Ireland, is one of the ways in which we
want to take this forward.
Conclusion
These are the words of Brooke Kinsella,
After my brother was murdered I
heard about the idea of restorative
justice but didnt feel it was something
that could be successful. After visiting
the [Tees Valley] project, I began torealise that maybe some good could
come out of the restorative justice
process. It will not work in every case
but, in tackling more minor crimes, I
believe it could have a massive impact
in changing the attitudes of offenders. I
think it could also have a very positive
effect on the victim, giving them
closure, allowing them to express to
the person who hurt them the damage
they have done and helping them
realise that they were in no way toblame.
There we are ladies and gentlemen,
thats the power of restorative justice.
Full transcript atwww.restorativejustice.org.uk
Garry Shewan, ACPO, Lizzie Nelson, RJC,
and Rt Hon. Nick Herbert MP, Minister for
Policing and Criminal Justice
http://www.restorativejustice.org.uk/http://www.restorativejustice.org.uk/8/2/2019 RJC Res 40 March 2011 (2)
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Resolution
Youth Conferencing - A differentapproach to youth justice
Victoria, aged 14, wasthreatened with anonymoustext messages and thenrepeatedly punched by threegirls who chased her across acrowded shopping precinctone Saturday afternoon.
She recognized her attackers, who
were arrested and taken to court where
they pleaded guilty. What happened
next, however, was unique to Northern
Ireland, where the assault took place.
The court referred the case to youth
conferencing a demanding form of
restorative justice that enables young
offenders to learn at first hand from the
victim of their offence about the harm
their behaviour has caused and
engages them in deciding what must
be done to prevent further offending
and make amends.
Like most victims in Northern Ireland,
Victoria decided to take part in person;
and she is glad that she did. Aside from
community service requirements that a
court might have imposed, the
conference agreed a restorative plan
with the offenders that took account of
Victorias insistence that they stay away
from her in future, and not
acknowledge her in any chance
encounter. The conference was
emotionally challenging but it was
better than going to court she said,
In court its just the facts, whereas I
was able to tell them how I felt right up
to the time of the conference. I had no
real sympathy with the girls who
attacked me but I got my closure. You
get the control back.
Youth conferencing has been used in
Northern Ireland since 2003, both as a
diversionary approach for children
and young people who would
otherwise be prosecuted, and as a
sentence of the court. Those accused
must admit the offence and agree to
take part but, even so, the system
accounts for more than half of all youth
court disposals on conviction. It is
overwhelmingly popular with victims
and commands widespread public
support. The reconviction rates
improve on those from conventional
sentencing and are at their best when
victims, like Victoria, agree to meet
young offenders face-to-face. Success
in achieving high levels of victim
participation is attributed to the use of
well-trained professional facilitators.
When the former Director of Public
Prosecutions, Lord Ken Macdonald,
and other members of the
Independent Commission on Youth
Crime and Anti-social Behaviour
observed youth conferences earlier
this year, they found a striking contrast
with proceedings in English and Welsh
youth courts. Instead of seeing young
people being argued over by lawyers,
they observed them being called to
account for their behaviour andactively involved in deciding what
would be done about it.
As a result, the Commission chaired by
Anthony Salz, a distinguished
commercial lawyer, recommended this
summer that youth conferencing be
introduced across England and Wales.
Against a backdrop of low public
confidence in youth justice and poor
value for public money (not least the
75 per cent reconviction rate within a
year for youth custody), its report also
called for cost-effective early
prevention of antisocial behaviour and
an end to custody for children and
young people when they pose no
danger to the public or themselves.The use of restorative youth
conferencing for all but the most
serious offences would be
accompanied by a halt to the use of
unsuitable Crown Courts to hear cases
involving under 18s. Lawyers and
Judges working with children and
young people would be required to
undertake specialist training.
Public spending constraints mean the
Commissions proposals for halvingthe use of youth custody have been
pushing at a policy door more open
than seemed possible a year ago.
Principled reform and political
pragmatism are not, in this case,
incompatible. It remains to be seen
whether the scope for further big
savings in the estimated annual 4b
public service costs of youth crime will
persuade government to make the
modest investment that is needed now
in restorative justice and early
prevention of antisocial behaviour.
David Utting is Secretary to the
Independent Comission on Youth
Crime and Anti-social Behaviour
www.youthcrimecommission.org.uk
http://www.youthcrimecommission.org.uk/http://www.youthcrimecommission.org.uk/8/2/2019 RJC Res 40 March 2011 (2)
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Issue 40: Spring 2011
7
Jos Story
In 2004 I was raped. Forweeks afterwards I was in adaze trying to cope with whathad happened not only to me,but also to my family.
I went to court when the offender was
sentenced because I wanted him to
see that I could face him and thought
that it would be my only opportunity.
The judge said in Court you have
destroyed this womans life but that
wasnt what I wanted, and that wasnt
how I saw it.
However, after a year I had a meeting
with my first Victim Liaison Worker and
she spoke to me about restorative
justice. I knew straight away that, when
the time was right, it was something I
wanted to do.
Restorative justice was not mentioned
to me again and in 2008 I had torequest the opportunity with my new
Victim Liaison Officer. She was very
negative and told me that restorative
justice was unlikely to happen with
such a serious crime, but I was
determined that my needs as a victim
should be listened to.
In March 2009 I was contacted by The
Aim Project who informed me that they
were going to work with the offender
and myself to see if a face-to-face
meeting could be arranged. I
remember being told that he agreed to
meet me. I just burst into tears, not
tears of sadness, but tears of relief. We
went through months of preparation
work, which is so important to ensure
that no further harm is done to both
parties.
The meeting took place at the end of
January 2010. When I walked in, our
eyes met straight away. He looked a lot
older but still looked like a child as
well. I started by thanking him for
agreeing to meet me, as I knew it must
have been a difficult thing to do. I
asked why he had agreed to meet me
and he said I did something really
bad and now I can do something
good.
Then I went straight into telling him
what it had been like for me on the day
of the rape, how scared I had been and
that I thought he was going to kill me. I
went through every detail of the attack
from start to finish. I could see the
impact that what I was saying was
having on him. As I told him the impact
of the offence, the terror and confusion
I felt that day he actually cried and I
could see it was genuine. I could see
for myself he found it really hard, but
he listened to everything I had to say,
and didnt try to make any excuses. He
heard it from me that day, what hed
done to me, not from someone else
saying how I might feel. I think if they
hear it from the victim themselves they
get a much better understanding.
Towards the end he said Im sorry,
and thats a proper sorry and I could
see for myself he really meant it. He
told me would never do anything like it
again.
As the meeting was finishing, I was
asked if there was anything else I
wanted to say and I gave him what Ive
later come to think of as a gift. I said to
him I forgive you for what you did tome. Hatred just eats you up and I want
you to go on and have a successful life.
If you havent already forgiven yourself,
then I hope in the future you will. I
didnt say it to excuse what he did, or to
minimize it, but because I wanted
myself to be free of that burden of
grievance and, as importantly for me, I
hoped he could learn, move on and
forgive himself.
I left the meeting feeling on top of theworld and for me it was closure. It has
allowed me to move forward and know
that I really am a survivor of a serious
crime.
I do realise that not every victim would
want to have a face-to-face meeting
with the offender, but it should not be
left to the victim having to ask for
restorative justice. I was lucky that my
first Victim Liaison Officer told me
about the process and allowed me tohave the opportunity of a life changing
experience.
Joanna Nodding
It should not be left to the
victim having to ask for
restorative justice.
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8/20
In 2004, agroup ofpractitionersfrom NorfolkCountyCouncilreceived
training in restorativepractices within schools.These practitioners paved the
way for the development ofrestorative approaches inNorfolk with children andyoung persons in schools andwith looked-after-children.
In 2007, Norfolk Constabulary
appointed a Restorative Justice
Development Manager with the aim of
developing the use of restorative
practices within the justice arena in
Norfolk and to develop the concept of
safer communities.
A Restorative Approaches Operational
Group (RAOG) was formed in 2005.
This group enables operational staff
from a variety of agencies to meet and
explore new ways of working, ensuring
they are supported and skilled to the
level needed to make certain good
quality services are delivered.
To support the development of
restorative approaches in Norfolk, the
Restorative Approaches Strategic
Group (RASG) was established later in2005. It focuses on delivering
consistent restorative approaches in
Norfolk and identifying possible
developments and funding sources to
carry the work forward. One of the
RASG aims is to ensure that all
restorative practices in Norfolk are
delivered in line with the Restorative
Justice Councils Principles for
Restorative Processes.
In 2008, the Chair of the RASG wrote a
report that was taken to Norfolk
County Councils Cabinet by Cllr. Brian
Hannah, the County Councils
Champion for Restorative Approaches
and a member of the RASG. The
Cabinet meeting agreed that there
should be dedicated funding and
resources for the continued
development of restorative
approaches. This led to the
appointment in 2010 of a Restorative
Approaches Development Manager for
Norfolk County Council Childrens
Services and a Restorative Approaches
Co-ordinator for Norfolk County
Council.
The Restorative ApproachesDevelopment Manager provides a
strategic lead for development. The
Restorative Approaches Co-ordinator
supports the implementation of
planned work, currently focusing on
the training needs of the County and
District Councils, and the integration of
restorative approaches into HR
policies.
In 2009, a decision was made that the
RAOG and RASG would focus on the
development of restorative approacheswith Children and Young People. The
Restorative Approaches Strategic
Board (RASB), chaired by Cllr. Hannah,
was formed and from it two sub-
groups, a restorative justice sub-group
and a Restorative Communities sub-
group. These groups will focus on the
development of Restorative
Approaches with adults, although it is
acknowledged and welcomed that
there will be much cross-over between
the sub-groups, the RASG and the
RAOG. The RAOG and RASG will feed
into the RASB and vice-versa and this is
currently achieved by the group
Chairs attending each othersmeetings.
There is also an overall bi-annual
meeting of the Chairs of all the groups
to agree plans to ensure a
collaborative direction and to avoid
duplication.
The Norfolk Children and Young
Peoples Trust will oversee the work
done by the RASG and RAOG.
The RASB will report to the County
Strategic Partnership and the Norfolk
Criminal Justice Board.Kirsten CooperRestorative Practices DevelopmentManagerNorfolk County Council
Diagram to show the governance structure
for Restorative Approaches in Norfolk.
8
Resolution
Restorative Approaches in Norfolk
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9/20
Issue 40: Spring 2011
9
Norfolk development of RA in schools
Following adiscussion byHigh schoolHeadteachers fromthe 7 schoolsin East
Norfolk, a decision was madeto develop restorativepractice throughout the area.
The task of developing this into a
cohesive plan, which would also
involve primary schools and support
services, was passed to the
management of the Inclusion and
Behaviour Partnership (IBP). Outline
plans for the development of
restorative approaches (RA) were
produced and agreed by the high
school heads and a steering group was
established to monitor and support the
work. The group includesrepresentatives from schools,
childrens services, county leads on RA
and the police and YOT; it meets
regularly to monitor progress and
support further work.
All high schools have identified an RA
Key Lead from within their senior
leadership teams. The Leads are
responsible for whole-school
development, assisting the
development in their primary feeder
schools and planning the development
throughout the area.
A 5 day training course has been
arranged for all Key Leads,
representatives from the primary
sector and staff from IBP, who work in
schools at a strategic as well as
operational level. Implementation of
the strategies should begin in the
autumn term 2010 and it is envisaged
that Key Leads and support staff will
work together to develop other school
staff and promote the vision in a range
of ways.
There will be an ongoing programme
of training both for outreach and for
school staff, so that they are able to
assist in the conferencing element of
RA.
It is in the Lead School that we will
develop new ways of working and then
roll out good practice. In particular we
will review the work of the police in
schools, so that the school and police
approach dovetail together.
By involving all schools in the area, we
hope that a consistent message and
practice are developed. This will
support transition, enable parents and
carers to understand the approaches
being developed within our schools
and help everyone to work together for
the benefit of our young people.
Peer Mediation
Since 2004 Peer Mediation has been
part of a training and development
programme run by the Healthy Norfolk
Schools team. Initially, they supported
individual schools with training and
implementation of Peer Mediation withthe support of a member of their team.
However, with the establishment of the
Restorative Approaches Operational
Group, it was decided that training for
trainers would help to build capacity
and make the work more sustainable.
A senior advisory support teacher, a
social worker and a Healthy Schools
adviser worked in partnership and
developed a programme for a three
day Training for Trainers course. This
has been run over the past two years
and staff from twenty six schools have
attended. Those who have had training
are encouraged to attend termly
network meetings to support one
another through the sharing of good
practice and finding solutions to issues
that have arisen in school.
SEAL and Restorative Approaches
The SEAL (Social and Emotional
Aspects of Learning) curriculum links
fully to Restorative Approaches.
A key focus of SEAL is on empathy,emotional awareness and regulation,
anger management and social
problem solving.
Explicit intended learning outcomes,
delivered through a range of activities
within the SEAL resource, from
Reception to Year 6, aim to develop the
skills necessary in young people to
become effective learners by helping
them resolve issues, such as anger or
low self-worth, that get in the way of
learning. It also aims to build a range of
skills necessary for effective learning,
such as perseverance and conflict
resolution.
For RA there are intended learning
outcomes that help children learn
positive ways of resolving conflict;
among others these include the use of
peaceful problem-solving processes,
seeing things from other viewpoints,
and knowing it is important to talk
about what someone has done or said
and not the person themselves. The
SEAL resource is very much aimed at
preventing conflict but also arms the
children with strategies to be able to
resolve conflict in a restorative way.
Norfolk Restorative Approaches
Operational Group
Chaired by Carey Cake
Norfolk County Council Childrens
Services
istock.com/Chris Schmidt
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RJC Res 40 March 2011 (2)
10/2010
Resolution
Case Study: St. Edmunds CommunityFoundation School in Norfolk
St Edmunds is a nursery andprimary school that servesthe North Lynn estate [urbanhousing]. North Lynn is anarea of significantdeprivation, unemployment,high alcohol and drug abuseand crime.
Historically the school has faced many
challenges and has been identified as
a DCSF (Department for Children
Schools and Families) hard to shift
school. Standards at St Edmunds are
below the DCSF floor targets and have
been so for the past nine years.
As a staff we feel passionate about
children and making sure that their
primary education is of high quality.
Many of our children begin school with
limited basic skills; their vocabulary,
social skills and experiences are often
very underdeveloped. Our childrenfind engaging in learning and
communicating with others difficult
and find it very hard to take
responsibility for their own behaviour.
We decided that we needed to do
something different! As part of our
multi-agency work with North Lynn
Safer Neighbourhood Team, we
discovered restorative practices [RP].
We could instantly see that RP was part
of the solution!
All of the school staff received trainingon 19th April, 2010, and we
immediately implemented RP as of the
first day of the term 20th April, 2010.
The speed of implementation and
impact has been astounding.
Restorative practices have changed St
Edmunds beyond all belief.
This is what restorative practices look
like at St Edmunds:
When the children come in each
morning they are quick to sort
themselves into a circle. They are keento get started. The class teacher starts
off with a greeting. This is passed
around the circle and varies
depending on the age of the children.
The greeting is followed by a feeling
circle, when the teacher refers to the
feeling chart. (As the children come
into class they put their name next to
the emotion that they are feeling:
happy, sad, worried, tired, hungry,
angry, OK.) The children have the
chance to tell the circle about their
feeling if they want. They also have a
chance to speak to an adult later if they
would prefer. Other children volunteer
to become support partners forchildren who are sad or worried.
Children like this responsibility and
are keen to support one another. This is
then followed by another circle, which
can be fun or work-related, depending
on the needs of the class.
Circles then take place throughout the
day as appropriate, to sort out
problems in the class, address attitude
and learning issues and as teaching
aids. The children greatly enjoy this
approach and are very well practisedat sending around their talking piece.
There is also a close-of-day circle,
which is used to review and reflect
upon the day and to say goodbye to
everyone.
Circles also take place at lunch and
break times to address issues that the
children may have. Children are
independently circling up to resolve
their own problems. They sometimes
ask an adult to support them, but they
are also becoming more confident andcompetent at doing the circle
themselves.
Mini-conferences are held when there
has been an issue. These are chaired
by an independent facilitator. The
children have also been involved in
being independent facilitators. They
take this role very seriously and have
little cards to help them to remember
the questions to ask. Parents are
involved in mini-conferences, as
appropriate, in helping to resolveincidents.
We have a Relationships Management
Policy, which has been developed by
all staff. It replaces our Behaviour
Policy (which was punitive) and is in
line with our restorative ethos. This
includes class non-negotiables with
regards to circles and conferences:
things like types of circles that we have
(greeting, feeling, fun, learning), how
often (when problems arise, beginning
and end of day), mini-conferences and
how these are conducted, and use of
consistent language.
The staff use circles in much the same
way as the children. We have threebriefings per week as well as staff
meetings. At the beginning of each
briefing or meeting we start off with a
feelings circle. This is followed by a fun
circle. This has helped us to become
more cohesive and supportive of one
another; staff look forward to their
circles. Problem-solving circles are
used regularly by staff to help us to
overcome some of the many difficulties
that we face. These have worked well
and have ensured that all our staff havea voice and an opportunity to
contribute.
On Fridays we have a close-of-the-
week circle at the end of school. We
think of highlights of the week. This is a
good time for us, as we get a chance to
share those moments that are the
reason we came into the profession.
As a school we are committed to
restorative practices and feel
passionate about it. Through this
approach we have seen our schoolturn a corner. Seeing children take
ownership for their behaviour, support
one another and develop their
emotional literacy in such a short time
is fantastic. Alongside the change in
attitudes to learning, this may be the
very thing that gives our children the
chance they need to break the cycle of
deprivation and crime.
The children love the new approach.
This is what they have said about
circles: I know my classmates better.
I have a chance to speak.
I know that we can sort problems out
with circles.
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RJC Res 40 March 2011 (2)
11/20
Issue 40: Spring 2011
11
Circles are helping me with my
learning.
When an incident occurs, we contact
parents and tell them that an incident
has occurred involving their child; they
are then part of the mini-conference.
This has worked well, and we will
continue to use this next term. We have
held a training session for parents in
using circles, and we will work on this
further next term. We have just
appointed a PSA [parent supportadvisor], who will have RP in
supporting parents at home as one of
her main tasks for the autumn. She will
take on the role of circle facilitator for
parents.
Funding has been tricky, and we have
to tackle this in a different way.
Essentially all of our TA [teaching
assistant] staff (who are key-stage
based) are well-being officers, as we
do not have the funds to appoint an
extra person. This is working well atthe moment, and we will continue to go
with this for the time being unless we
are able to access funds. (We have all
of these key stages at our school: Early
Years Foundation Stage: 3-5 year-olds;
Key Stage 1: 5-7 year-olds; Key Stage 2:
7-11 year-olds.)
Childrens progress has accelerated
since implementation of RP. Our last
OFSTED [Britains Office for Standards
in Education, Childrens Services and
Skills] (13th + 14th July, 2010) gradedprogress of all learners as good. We
have lots of data to substantiate this.
Attendance has also improved by
1.72% since March.
All staff have been trained in RP. We
will have refresher training on our first
INSET day and induction for new staff.
It is now hard to remember St
Edmunds pre-restorative practices.
The school is a very different place to
the one I joined this time last year. With
any new initiative it is vital to keepmoving forward and developing best
practice, and new ways to ensure the
restorative practice ethos underpins
everything we do. Fortunately, I have a
very forward-looking group of
teachers that I work with; they are
imaginative and proactive aboutmoving things forward. We will be
working on greater involvement of
parents in circles and conferences and
really pushing forward the using
circles in learning agenda that we
began last year. I strongly feel that this
is the way forward with learning
giving children ownership and space
to fully engage and talk through what it
is they are learning and why. Exciting
times ahead.
Adapted from an article by Lisa Cook,Headteacher, St Edmunds Community
Foundation School, originally published
at www.iirp.org
Notre Dame ensures that there is a
supportive intervention available at
all levels of sanction. For persistent
disruptive behaviour young people
are removed from the classroom
and attend the Achievement
Support Centre for the remainder of
that lesson. The teacher and young
person are expected to meet to
repair the relationship before their
next lesson together. A restorativeconference would also be held if the
incident had involved conflict
between pupils.
For more serious incidents young
people are required to engage with
Community Service. Community
Service includes four hours devoted
to academic learning and an hour
taking part in a reparative activity to
restore the harm experienced by
the school for example planting
daffodil bulbs or helping in theFinance Office. If a young person is
in the Achievement Support Centre
for a day or more, a restorative
conference will be held, involving
all parties in the original incident;
this helps re-integration and to
repair the harm to the relationship.
Since 2006/07 Notre Dame has used
Behaviour Panels which provide
opportunities for young people to
work with their peers to address
and repair the harm caused by low-level disruptions within the school.
The system is voluntary for all and
the Panel has no power of sanction.
Four young people will make up a
panel who agree targets with the
disruptive young person. Over sixty
young people have engaged with
the process as a panel member, or
to restore harm.
Notre Dame uses circle time with
Year 7 pupils; peer mediation and
mentoring are offered for all ages;the SEAL agenda is embedded
throughout the school.
Case Study:Notre DameHigh School,Norwich
Tigean, Year 5, circles make me happy
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12/2012
Resolution
Norfolk - Wider restorative practiceswith young people
Restorative Justice
The role of a Norfolk Youth Offending
Team Restorative Justice Officer is to
contact all victims of youth crime,
where appropriate, and offer a
restorative justice (RJ) service which
helps to repair some of the harm that
has been caused to the victim by the
young person.
In order for anything to be restorative,
parties have to want to take part; we
cannot make someone say sorry; so
this is a voluntary service for all parties
concerned.
The RJ service can offer:
a face-to-face restorative justice
conference
voice-heard mediation
a letter of explanation/apology
reparation (unpaid work) directly to
the victim, doing something for them
at their property, or indirectly to
benefit the local community; there are
a number of projects developed and
used by our Reparation Teams
progress reports to the victim
advising them of information in
relation to the young person, whilst
they are subject to a statutory court
order or intervention with Norfolk
Youth Offending Team, taking into
account the requirements of Data
Protection Act 1998
Many victims and young people have
been involved and benefited from this
service, which enables all parties to
draw a line under the incident and
move forward positively.
Jo Rose
Norfolk YOT Restorative Justice Officer
ReparationReparation Workers with Norfolk Youth
Offending Team supervise young
people on a one-to-one, or sometimes
small group, basis on a variety of
restorative justice projects. The type of
work can be community payback - for
the benefit of the community - such as
gardening or painting; or it can be
victim-directed, where the young
person works for a particular venue or
cause. Direct reparation for the benefit
of the victim, involves repairing the
actual harm the young person caused,
such as putting right criminal damage.
This type of work usually has the most
powerful impact on all concerned,
encouraging the young person to facethe real consequences of their
behaviour and helping towards
positive closure for the victim.
Beth Milner
Norfolk YOT Reparation Worker
Norfolk Family Group Conference
Service
Norfolk Childrens Services introduced
a countywide Family Group
Conference Service in November 2007
to work with families who are already
active Social Care cases to Norfolk
County Council Childrens Services.
A Family Group Conference (FGC) is a
decision- making and planning
process, whereby the family, including
the wider family group, are
empowered to make decisions for their
children and young people, if they
have been identified as being in need
of a plan which will safeguard and
promote their welfare.
Children who are suitable for the
service are:
at risk of receiving child protection
plans
at risk of losing their
accommodation
in or likely to be involved in care
proceedings
looked-after-children where an FGC
would promote a plan for
reunification with the family
In addition:
The family must be in agreement
The family can be re-referred at any
time when it is ready to access the
service
The practitioner must be committed
to the process
The FGC Service's full 2009 -2010
Annual Report is available on the
Norfolk County Council Website.
Unfortunately funding for the
dedicated Family Group Conferencing
team to continue its work in 2011/12
has not been secured.
Looking to the future
Comenius Regio is one of the British
Councils programmes that supports
local authorities in their work with
schools. A successful bid was put
together by a diverse group
committed to the development of
Restorative Approaches in Norfolk. The
group was led by a member of the
Healthy Norfolk Schools team and
included schools, Norfolk County
Councillors, staff from Norfolk
Childrens Services and Norfolk
Constabulary. Our European partnersin this process are the Southside
Partnership in the Dun
Laoghaire/Rathdown area of Dublin,
Ireland, their Vocational Education
Committee, schools and their support
workers.
We will work over a period of two
years with our European partners to
develop Restorative Practice through
training programmes, sharing good
practice and learning from one
another. It will be an excitingopportunity to enhance what is
happening already and to create new
initiatives in Restorative Practice.
Rosemary Games
Comenius Regio
Care-home staff receiving training
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RJC Res 40 March 2011 (2)
13/20
Issue 40: Spring 2011
13
Norfolk Constabulary & RestorativePolicing
Since early2007 whenNorfolkConstabularybegan usingRestorativePractices in
Policing there has been anupward trend in its use andacceptance and its viability as
one of the tools in theproblem-solving toolbox.
At the time of writing 40% of
uniformed staff (predominantly front-
line officers) have received training in
either Restorative Justice
Conferencing, or in Street RJ to deal
with incidents in a timely manner.
To date, over 10,000 members of the
public have been engaged in either of
these two methods, as a wrongdoer, or
a person harmed, or as a family
member or supporter of one of the
parties. A satisfaction survey is
routinely sent to all participants at the
conclusion of the restorative
intervention in which 4 key questions
are asked: about the process, how the
incident was dealt with, whether the
participant would recommend it to
someone else and how they were
treated in general by Norfolk
Constabulary. In each category the
response is rated over 90% (30%
return on all surveys sent).
Restorative Justice training is now part
of the curriculum for new recruits to
the Constabulary, officers transferring
in and officers on promotion or on
deployment to Safer Neighbourhood
Teams. The RJ course is now the most
popular training and development
course, overtaking advanced driver
training, which previously held the top
spot!
Norfolk Constabulary has been visited
by many other UK police forces as wellas Police Authority members and
politicians from home and abroad,
interested in our model of policing. It
has been accepted as a model of best
practice, conforming as it does to theRJCs code of practice and the National
Occupational Standards.
Officers comment on how much more
effective simple (restorative) questions
are in everyday use with the public
and in dealing with conflict situations.
With over three thousand interventions
since 2007, restorative practices are
