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RM Bridge Professional Engineering Software for Bridges of all Types
RM Bridge V8i
October 2010
TRAINING BALANCED CANTILEVER AASHTO
RM Bridge
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO I
Bentley Systems Austria
Contents
1 General ........................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.1 Starting the Program ............................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 What Is To Do In This Training? ......................................................................... 1-2
2 The Example ............................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1 Structural System ................................................................................................. 2-1
2.2 Design Criteria ..................................................................................................... 2-6
2.3 Materials .............................................................................................................. 2-6
2.4 Design Loadings .................................................................................................. 2-7
2.4.1 Dead Load ..................................................................................................... 2-7
2.4.2 Live Load ...................................................................................................... 2-7
2.4.3 Wind Loads ................................................................................................... 2-8
2.4.4 Thermal Forces ............................................................................................. 2-8
2.4.5 Creep and Shrinkage ..................................................................................... 2-9
2.4.6 Earthquake .................................................................................................... 2-9
2.4.7 Pier Settlement .............................................................................................. 2-9
2.5 Load Combinations .............................................................................................. 2-9
2.6 Construction Schedule Time Stop .................................................................. 2-11
3 Modifications in Modeler ......................................................................................... 3-1
4 Temperature Definition ............................................................................................... 4-1
4.1 Definition of Temperature Points: ....................................................................... 4-2
4.2 Definition of Formulas ......................................................................................... 4-5
4.3 Updating the Segment Points ............................................................................... 4-5
5 Definition of the Sub-Structure ................................................................................... 5-1
6 Data Export ................................................................................................................. 6-1
7 System Modifications ................................................................................................. 7-1
7.1 Importing of Materials and Variables and Cross-Sections Via Defaults .......... 7-1
8 Tendon Jacking ........................................................................................................... 8-1
8.1 Definition the Tendon Groups ............................................................................. 8-3
RM Bridge
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO II
Bentley Systems Austria
8.2 Assigning the Tendon Group to the Elements ..................................................... 8-3
8.3 Definition of the Cable Geometry ....................................................................... 8-4
8.4 Definition of the Tendon Stressing Schedule ...................................................... 8-9
9 Loads ........................................................................................................................... 9-1
9.1 Defining Loads .................................................................................................... 9-1
9.1.1 Definition of Load Sets for Self Weight ....................................................... 9-1
9.1.2 Definition of Load Sets for the Traveller ...................................................... 9-3
9.1.3 Definition of Load Sets for the Dead Loads ................................................. 9-5
9.1.4 Definition of Load Sets for the Wet Concrete .............................................. 9-5
9.1.5 Definition of Load Sets for the Tendon Jacking ........................................... 9-7
9.1.6 Definition of Load Cases for Creeping and Shrinkage ................................. 9-8
9.1.7 Additional Assignment of Load Set to Load Case ....................................... 9-9
9.2 Load Manager .................................................................................................... 9-10
10 Construction Stages ................................................................................................ 10-1
10.1 Stage 1 .............................................................................................................. 10-1
10.1.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-1
10.1.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-1
10.2 Stage 2 .............................................................................................................. 10-2
10.2.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-3
10.2.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-3
10.3 Stage 3 .............................................................................................................. 10-3
10.3.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-4
10.3.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-4
10.4 Stage 4 .............................................................................................................. 10-4
10.4.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-5
10.4.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-5
10.5 Stage 5 .............................................................................................................. 10-5
10.5.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-6
10.5.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-6
10.6 Stage 6 .............................................................................................................. 10-6
10.6.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-7
RM Bridge
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO III
Bentley Systems Austria
10.6.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-7
10.7 Stage 7 .............................................................................................................. 10-7
10.7.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-8
10.7.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-8
10.8 Stage 8 .............................................................................................................. 10-8
10.8.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-9
10.8.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-9
10.9 Stage 9 .............................................................................................................. 10-9
10.9.1 Element Activation ................................................................................. 10-10
10.9.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................. 10-10
10.10 Final Stage ................................................................................................... 10-10
10.10.1 Element Activation ............................................................................... 10-10
10.10.2 Calculation (Static) ............................................................................... 10-11
11 Camber .................................................................................................................... 11-1
12 Additional Loads ..................................................................................................... 12-1
12.1.1 Definition of Earthquake Load Case (Static Earthquake Calculation) ..... 12-1
12.1.2 Definition of Settlement Load Case .......................................................... 12-3
12.1.3 Definition of Temperature Load Case ...................................................... 12-4
12.1.4 Definition of Wind Load Case .................................................................. 12-5
13 Superposition .......................................................................................................... 13-1
14 Traffic ..................................................................................................................... 14-1
14.1 Traffic Definition ............................................................................................. 14-1
14.2 Traffic Lanes .................................................................................................... 14-6
14.3 Traffic Loads .................................................................................................... 14-7
14.4 Traffic Calculation ........................................................................................... 14-8
14.5 Traffic Superposition ..................................................................................... 14-10
15 Load Combinations ................................................................................................. 15-1
16 Fibre Stress Check .................................................................................................. 16-1
16.1 Definition of the Stress Limits ......................................................................... 16-1
16.2 Inserting the Actions into the Construction Schedule ..................................... 16-1
17 Ultimate Load Check .............................................................................................. 17-1
RM Bridge
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO IV
Bentley Systems Austria
18 Shear Capacity Check ............................................................................................. 18-1
RM Bridge General
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 1-1
Bentley Systems Austria
1 General
The following items are briefly described in this introduction:
Defining the structural model (detail support conditions)
Defining loads (Wind, settlement, earthquake)
Defining temperature (gradient as per AASTHO)
Defining a traffic loading case (detail traffic load due AASHTO)
Defining loads and a construction schedule (9 construction stages)
Calculating the results
Viewing the results
Normal stress check
Ultimate load check
Shear capacity check
Working with TCL
This introduction is based on an example that the user should work through using the
program RM at the same time as following this text.
1.1 Starting the Program
The program installation must be completed before any work can be started. The instal-
lation procedure automatically creates the following icon for RM Bridge on the desk-top:
The program can be started by double-clicking the appropriate icon (shown above) or
by selecting the icons via the Windows Start menu, (usually located in the bottom left hand corner of the screen).
What Is Done In This Example?
Starting the program
The user interface
Importing material definitions
Definition of materials
Defining a cross section
Defining the structural model (curved axis in elevation and ground view)
Defining a tendon geometry
Defining loads
Defining a traffic loading case (one concentrated load plus uniform load)
Defining a loads and construction schedule (with no detail construction sche-dule)
RM Bridge General
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 1-2
Bentley Systems Austria
Calculating the results
Viewing the results
Fibre stress check
Ultimate load check
Shear capacity check
1.2 What Is To Do In This Training? Detail modelling in Modeler (temperature points + pier and support conditions)
Defining loads (for nine construction stages)
Defining a traffic loading case (detail traffic load according to AASHTO)
Defining loads and a construction scedule (nine construction stages)
Calculating the results
Viewing the results
Fibre stress check
Ultimate load check
Shear capacity check
Working with TCL
RM Bridge The Example
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-1
Bentley Systems Austria
2 The Example
A three span hollow box girder bridge with a curved axis built by the span by span me-
thod. The geometry of this example is the same as of training 1.
This structure is a prestressed concrete girder which consists of three spans with span
length of 40, 60 and 40m.The cross-section is a hollow box with variable dimensions.
2.1 Structural System
System axis: Horizontal plan
1.Part: Straight Line: Station: 0-20 m
2.Part: Spiral: A=100, RENDE=200m Station: 20-70 m
3.Part: Circle: R=200 Station: 70-140 m
System axis: Vertical plan
1.Part: Line: 65m dZabsolute= 1.083m Station: 0-65 m
2.Part: Line: 65m dZabsolute= -0.2924m Station: 65-140 m
Rounding with Insert parabola by intersection R=-2000m
Piers:
A2: Height: 20m (4 Elements each 5m)
A3: Height: 20m (4 Elements each 5m)
Numbering system:
RM Bridge The Example
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-2
Bentley Systems Austria
Node numbers (span): 101-111-126-136
Element numbers (span) : 101-110,111-125,126-135
Active elements:
Construction Stage 1: 101-113, 1100-1102, 1200-1204
Construction Stage 2: 114-128, 1300-1304
Construction Stage 3: 129-135, 1400-1402
10x4m
40m 60m 40m
10x4m 10x4m 15x4m
A4 A1 A2
A3
40m 60m
15x4m
A1 A3
Stage 1:
Stage 9:
Stage 17:
A2
10x4m
40m 60m
15x4m
A1 A3 A2
A4
A4
40m
10x4m
40m
10x4m
Figure 2-1: Construction Stages.
RM Bridge The Example
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-3
Bentley Systems Austria
Achse 1 Achse 2
1102
X
Z
1101
1402
1401
101-110
Achse 3 Achse 4
111-125 126-135
Figure 2-2: Support definition.
GP2004
Y
Z
13,0 m
6,5 m 6,5 m
3,00 m 3,00 m
5,0 m
0,20 m
1,50m 1,50m
1,0m 1,0m
0,25m
Hgestab(sg)
dUntentab(sg) dStegtab(sg)
0,40m
0,25m
0,90 m
4,0m 4,0m
0,40m 12,2 m
0,15 m
1,5m 1,5m
2,00 m 2,00 m
Figure 2-3: Cross-section.
RM Bridge The Example
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-4
Bentley Systems Austria
GP2000
Node 0 Spring 1100
Node 1101 Spring 1102 Spring 1101
Y
Z
AXIS 1
2,40m 2,40m
Node 101
Figure 2-4:Definitions of bearings at axis 1.
Node 0
Spring 1400
Node 1401 Spring 1402 Spring 1401
Y
Z
AXIS 4
2,40m 2,40m
Node 136
Figure 2-5:Definitions of bearings at axis 4.
1.5m
Y
Z
5.0m
Figure 2-6: Pier cross-section.
4,0m
RM Bridge The Example
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-5
Bentley Systems Austria
Table 2-1: Spring constants.
Element CX [kN/m] CY [kN/m] CZ [kN/m] CMX [kNm] CMY [kNm] CMZ [kNm]
1100 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8
1101 1e8 1e8
1102 1e8
1400 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8
1401 1e8 1e8
1402 1e8
1200 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8
1300 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8
seg
2
Pie
r 1
0
20m
Segment 1
Connection point
Start of segment 2
Axis 2
Connection point
1202
1203
Eccentric rigid connection of the pier with the main girder
1204
111 seg1
1201
seg
2
Pie
r 1
Figure 2-7: Substructure Axis 2 Pier 1 (Segment2).
0
20m
Segment 1
Connection point
Start of segment 3
Axis 3
Connection point
1302
1303
Eccentric rigid connection of the pier with the main girder
1304
126 seg1
1301
Seg
3
Pie
r 2
Seg
3
Pie
r 2
Figure 2-8:Substructure Axis 2 Pier 2 (Segment3).
RM Bridge The Example
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-6
Bentley Systems Austria
NB.101 2 110 111 125 126 201 2
102 2 109 112 124 127 202 2
103 2 108 113 123 128 203 2
104 2 107 114 122 129 204 2
105 2 106 115 121 130 205 2
106 2 105 116 120 131 206 2
107 2 104 117 119 132 207 2
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135
301 2 501 2
302 2 502 2
401 4
402 2
Figure 2-9:Cable plan.
2.2 Design Criteria
The following design criteria will be used in this example:
Material: AASHTO Bridge Design Specifications
Loads: Simple loadings only used to demonstrate the program capabilities
Checks: Simple checks only used to demonstrate the program capabilities
2.3 Materials
Reinforcement: GRADE 460
Yield Strength: 400 000 kN/m2
Modulus of Elasticity: 200 000 000 kN/m2
Concrete: Type C 45
28 day Cylinder Compressive Strength: 51 800 kN/m2
Modulus of Elasticity: 32 100 000 kN/m2
Prestressing Steel:
Strand type low-relaxation steel tendons:
Apparent Modulus of Elasticity: 197 000 000 kN/m2
Ultimate Tensile Strength 1 860 000 kN/m2
Yield Strength 1 674 000 kN/m2
Material safety factor 0.95
RM Bridge The Example
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-7
Bentley Systems Austria
2.4 Design Loadings
2.4.1 Dead Load
Unit Weight of Reinforced Concrete (DC): 23.5 kN/m3
Unit Weight of Post-Tensioned Concrete (DC): 24.3 kN/m3
Traffic Barriers (DC): 6.1 kN/m each
Construction loading: 0.48 kN/m2 (=6 kN/m)
Additional dead load (after construction): 1.92 kN/m2 (=24 kN/m)
24-6=18 kN/m
2.4.2 Live Load
AASHTO - HS-25 (4 design lanes) using multiple factors.
Lane reduced factor: 0.75
Impact factor: I=50/(L+125) L[ft]
L[m] L[ft] I I[%]
60 196.850 0.155 15.535
40 131.234 0.195 19.513
Load train 1:
177.9 kN 40000 LBS
177.9 kN 40000 LBS
44.5 kN 10000 LBS
4.264-9.144m 14-30 ft
4.264m 14ft
Load train 2 (for Moment+Shear):
RM Bridge The Example
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-8
Bentley Systems Austria
For Moment 100.1 kN 22500 LBS
11.7 kN/m 800 LBS/ft
For Shear 144.6 kN 32500 LBS
2.4.3 Wind Loads
Base wind of 100 MPH
Wind on Structure: 2.394 kN/m2
Wind on Live Load: 1.459 kN/m (1.83 m above the deck)
2.4.4 Thermal Forces
Thermal Coefficient: 10.8 x 10e-6 per C
Uniform temperature load: 15 C
Non-linear temperature gradient according to AASHTO.
Temperature Load:
TEMP - MINUS
F C
T1 -27 -15.0
T2 -7 -3.89
T3 -2 -1.11
T4 0 0.00
T5 0 0.00
T6 -2 -1.11
T7 -7 -3.89
T8 -14 -7.78
TEMP - PLUS
F C
T1 54 30.0
T2 19 10.55
T3 10 5.55
T4 0 0.00
T5 0 0.00
T6 5 2.78
RM Bridge The Example
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-9
Bentley Systems Austria
T1
T2
T3
T5
T6
C
T1
T2
T3
T4 T5
T6
T7
T8
MINUS PLUS
d
0.45d
0.45d
0.10
0.20
0.20
0.10 0.20
T4
1.0 or d-0.20
2.4.5 Creep and Shrinkage
Time dependent effects calculated in accordance with CEB-FIP 1990 Model Code.
2.4.6 Earthquake
Acceleration coefficient: Seismic Zone 1 and Soil Type 11:
Equivalent factor for static earthquake analysis = 6.0% - 0.06
2.4.7 Pier Settlement
1 cm at each abutment and pier axis.
2.5 Load Combinations
RM Bridge The Example
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-10
Bentley Systems Austria
Load factor for settlement during construction SE = 0.5.
Only AASHTO groups I, Ia, II, III, VI and VII are considered in this example.
The AASHTO combinations are allocated to the following RM comb numbers:
SLS Combination
Group I Group Ia Group II Group III Group IV Group V Group VI Group VII Group VIII Group IX Group X
Self weight during CS DC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Additional load during CS CLL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Prestressing during CS PT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Creep during CS CS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
wind on structure WS 1 0.3 1 0.3
wind on live load WL 1 1
Additional load CLL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Support settlement ST 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
25 years creep CR 1 1 1
25 years shrinkage SH 1 1 1
Earthquake EQ 1
Traffic TR 1 2 1 1 1 1 1
Temperatur TR 1 1 1 1 1
Stress limits % 100.00 150.00 125.00 125.00 125.00 140.00 140.00 133.00 140.00 150.00 100.00
f'c Tension 3584 3584 5376 4480 4480 4480 5017.6 5017.6 4766.72 5017.6 5376 3584
Compressiv 20720 20720 31080 25900 25900 25900 29008 29008 27557.6 29008 31080 20720
ULS Combination
Group I Group Ia Group II Group III Group IV Group V Group VI Group VII Group VIII Group IX Group X
Factor 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,3
Self weight during CS DC 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,3
Additional load during CS CLL 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,3
Prestressing during CS PT 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1
Creep during CS CS 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,3
wind on structure WS 1,3 0,39 1,25 0,375
wind on live load WL 1,3 1,25
Additional load CLL 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,3
Support settlement ST 0,65 0,65 0,65 0,65 0,65 0,625 0,625 0,65 0,65 0,6 0,65
25 years creep CR 1,3 1,25 1,25
25 years shrinkage SH 1,3 1,25 1,25
Earthquake EQ 1,3
Traffic TR 2,171 2,86 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,3 1,3
Temperatur TR 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,3
RM Bridge The Example
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-11
Bentley Systems Austria
AASHTO I Ia II III VI VII
SLS Comb I Comb II Comb III Comb IV Comb V Comb VI
ULS Comb VII Comb VIII Comb IX Comb X Comb XI Comb XII
2.6 Construction Schedule Time Stop
Assumption: Starting from Pier 1 (elements 110&111), each stage is constructed in 14
days.
Actual construction schedule:
This construction schedule consists of 17 construction stages.
dT TIME
Stage 0
1 14 14 110 111
2 14 28 109 112
3 14 42 108 113
4 14 56 107 114
5 14 70 106 115
6 14 84 105 116
7 14 98 104 117
8 14 112 101 102 103
9 14 126 125 126
10 14 140 124 127
11 14 154 123 128
12 14 168 122 129
13 14 182 121 130
14 14 196 120 131
15 14 210 119 132
16 14 224 133 134 135
17 14 238 118
PIER 1 PIER 2
RM Bridge The Example
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-12
Bentley Systems Austria
Construction schedule simulated using TIME-STOP:
This simulated schedule has 8 construction stages and 40 loading cases (101-108,201-
208,301-307,501-508,601-608).
Although the piers 1&2 elements are shown as being constructed in the same con-struction stages, the TIME-STOP module delays the start of creep & shrinkage on the
pier 2 elements (Nos 119-135) for 112 days, thus bringing all construction times onto the correct time axis.
dT TIME
Stage 0
1 14 14 110 111
2 14 28 109 112
3 14 42 108 113
4 14 56 107 114
5 14 70 106 115
6 14 84 105 116
7 14 98 104 117
8 126 224 101 102 103
1 125 126
2 124 127
3 123 128
4 122 129
5 121 130
6 120 131
7 119 132
8 133 134 135
9 14 238 118
TIM
E S
TO
P 1
12
Da
ys
PIER 2PIER 1
dT TIME
Stage 0
1 14 14 110 111 125 126
2 14 28 109 112 124 127
3 14 42 108 113 123 128
4 14 56 107 114 122 129
5 14 70 106 115 121 130
6 14 84 105 116 120 131
7 14 98 104 117 119 132
8 14 112 101 102 103 133 134 135
9 14 126 118
PIER 1 PIER 2
RM Bridge Modifications in Modeler
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 3-1
Bentley Systems Austria
3 Modifications in Modeler
The data from the Modeler Training Prestressing-Basic example will be used and extended.
Copy all the data from c:\work\Prestressing-Basic into c:\work\Balanced-Cantilever.
Open RM and start in the created directory (c:\work\Balanced-Cantilever).
The supports defined in the Modeler training session will be re-defined here.
Select the segment symbol in the navigation tree.
Highlight the first line in the table (station 0).
Select the button .
Delete the defined support at station 0.
Repeat this procedure at the station 140.
windows.
Open segment list and change to the pier cross-section P2.
Highlight the station 0 (last line).
Select the button and delete the defined support.
Select and repeat this steps with pier P3.
RM Bridge Temperature Definition
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 4-1
Bentley Systems Austria
4 Temperature Definition
The following must be done:
Create construction lines at the Temperature points.
Define the Temperature points plus the temperature difference.
Create a variation table, because some location of a temperature point depends on the depth of the cross section (0.45*d).
Assign the temperature points to segment 1.
T1
T2
T3
T5
T6
C
T1
T2
T3
T4 T5
T6
T7
T8
MINUS PLUS
d
0.45d
0.45d
0.10
0.20
0.20
0.10 0.20
T4
1.0 or d-0.20
TEMP - MINUS TEMP - PLUS
F C F C
T1 -27 -15.00 T1 54 30.00
T2 -7 -3.89 T2 19 10.55
T3 -2 -1.11 T3 10 5.55
T4 0 0.00 T4 0 0.00
T5 0 0.00 T5 0 0.00
T6 -2 -1.11 T6 5 2.78
T7 -7 -3.89
T8 -14 -7.78
RM Bridge Temperature Definition
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 4-2
Bentley Systems Austria
Select cross-section cross1. Open the cross-section window.
Create four additional variables:
Name Value Type
htemp1 0.1 Length
htemp2 0.2 Length
htemp3 1.5 Length
htemp4 1.0 Length
Change the offset value to the variable htemp1.
Select the CL construction button for parallel lines.
Construct the new temperature CL by selecting the horizontal axis and clicking be-low it (or above). Use the following picture to create the additional construction lines.
0.45d=htemp3
T1
T2
T3
T5
T6
C
T2
T3
T4 T5
T6
T7
T8
MINUS PLUS
0.45d=htemp3
0.10=htemp1
0.20
T4
1.0 or d-0.20 = htemp4
0.20=htemp2
0.10=htemp1
0.20=htemp2
0.20=htemp2
4.1 Definition of Temperature Points: Create two additional reference sets of the type temperature points and name them
TEMP_MINUS and TEMP_PLUS.
RM Bridge Temperature Definition
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 4-3
Bentley Systems Austria
Change to reference set named TEMP_PLUS. Select INTERSECTION. Click on the first Temperature-point (shown on the right - see arrow).
Use the zoom-function to select the right intersection point!
Enter T1 in the displayed window.
Insert 30C for the Temperature.
Confirm by clicking .
Insert the other temperature points as
shown below.
RM Bridge Temperature Definition
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 4-4
Bentley Systems Austria
Define the TEMP_MINUS points in a similar way and in accordance with the MI-NUS part of the diagram shown at the start of this chapter.
Select one defined temperature point.
Select the Edit button to enter the dT-diagram.
Press the button to view the temperature distribution in the cross section for
the group TEMP-PLUS.
T5 0.00C
T6 2.78C
T1=30.00C
T3=5.55C T2=10.55C
T4=0.00C
T5=0.00C
T6=2.78C
RM Bridge Temperature Definition
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 4-5
Bentley Systems Austria
Close the dT-Diagram for TEMP-PLUS. Change the reference point group to TEMP-MINUS.
Press the button to view the temperatur distribution of TEMP-MINUS.
Close the dT-Diagram for TEMP-MINUS
4.2 Definition of Formulas
The defined cross section contains 3 variable dimensions. Use the hcstab(sg) table to
calculate htemp3.
Activate the table/formula window by clicking the corresponding button on the vertical right main menu.
Select the general Append button to define a new formula in the displayed table.
Select Formula and create a new formula (hcstemp-tab1) with the expression: 0.45*hcstab(sg).
Hit to confirm.
4.3 Updating the Segment Points Click the segment symbol. The additional variables htemp1-4 can be seen in the bot-
tom table. Use the recalculation-function to update the system. The variables htemp1,
2 and 4 are constant. Only the variable htemp3 needs to be assigned to a formula.
RM Bridge Temperature Definition
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 4-6
Bentley Systems Austria
Select htemp3 and click on the edit symbol at the top of the Variables-table. Click htemp3 in the left listing. Select the arrow next to the expression window to open the defined table window.
Click on hcstemptab1 for the Expression.
Confirm by clicking .
Confirm on .
Insert from element 1 to element 35 (point 1 to point
36 ) step 1.
Select the Copy expression button to assign this defi-nition for both tables (Left and right side of the ele-
ment).
Hit to confirm.
RM Bridge Temperature Definition
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 4-7
Bentley Systems Austria
Use the to update the database.
RM Bridge Definition of the Sub-Structure
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 5-1
Bentley Systems Austria
5 Definition of the Sub-Structure
Substructure Axis 1 - Abutment (Axis 4 is similar)
Node 0 Spring 1100
CP0
Node 1101 Spring 1102 CP2
Spring 1101 CP1
Y
Z
AXIS 1
2,40m 2,40m
Node 101
The element start and end for the eccentric springs are defined by the directions CP0
CP1 or vice versa and CP0 CP2 or vice versa.
Note: CP1 is the position of the bearing element 1101.
CP2 Is the position of the bearing element 1102.
Add Connection
Points
Cross-Section
Reference Set
Select Reference Set and insert a new one called CONNECTIONS; choose as Type: Connections Points, and name the Attribute Set: CONNECTIONS.
Confirm with .
Define the
Connection
Points
Define a point with the reference point icons, and assign a name say CP0 (de-fine the support points CP0, CP1 and
CP2).
Y
RM Bridge Definition of the Sub-Structure
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 5-2
Bentley Systems Austria
Define the Con-
nection Between
Top of Spring
Support (Spring
1100) and
Ground
Segment-List
Choose the axis segment, change to the
segment list and select the segment point
for the spring connection.
Station 0 for example.
Connection Select connection.
Insert a New
Connection Select New Spring-0 (for connection to
ground).
Spring-0 LH Window Segment Point 1 Part 1. Check/modify the segment point and part
to be connected.
Define the 1st
Connection
Point
(LH Window)
Select CP0 (located at the spring ele-ment node) for the connection point in
Connection window.
Note: The connection node 0 is automatically assigned.
Number the
Element
Enter the Element number (1100 for the spring from ground - Node 0) to CP0 (Node 1). Select Free node at connection point for node 2 and enter 1101 as value.
Select Con-
stants
Change
Values
Change default spring and support con-
stants if necessary. Confirm with OK
twice.
Note: The default orientation for the spring is: The
local X-direction vertical: Vertical support.
Define Eccentric
Connection for
Spring 1101
Insert A New
Connection
Choose New Spring to define the con-nection for spring element 1101. (Element
1101 is located at position CP1) - Con-nect node 1101 (CP0) to node 1100 with
RM Bridge Definition of the Sub-Structure
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 5-3
Bentley Systems Austria
eccentric connections.
Spring Be-
tween Two
Nodes
LH Window Segment Point 1 Part 1.
Check/modify the segment point and part
to be connected. Select Free node at con-nection point for Node 1 and enter 1101 for the node.
Select Spring between 2 Nodes.
Define the 1st
Connection
Point
Select CP0 (located at the spring ele-ment to-ground end node) for the con-nection point in the Connection point window.
Define the 2nd
Connection
Point
Select CP1 (located at the LH bearing pos) for the connection point in the Con-nection point window. Enter the Element number 1101.
Constants Select constants to modify spring stiff-
ness, element numbers and eccentric con-
nections.
Define Eccentric
Connection for
Spring 1102 and
1103
Repeat Proce-
dure
Repeat the above procedure for RH Bear-
ing Element (number 1102):
New Spring
Conn. pnt. CP0 LH window
Free node at connection point
Insert node 1101
Conn. pnt CP2 RH window
Use as element position
Element 1102
Define spring constants
Number 1103:
Input on the left side:CP0, Use as element position, Element: 1103, Free node at connection point, Node 1: 1101
Define spring constants
Repeat the above for the bearing element at segment 36 using the bearing numbers
1400 to 1403.
RM Bridge Definition of the Sub-Structure
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 5-4
Bentley Systems Austria
The following must be done for the connection between pier and girder:
Create a connection point.
Define the cross section for the pier.
Define two additional segments for the two piers (segment 2 and 3).
Define the connection between main girder and pier.
Define a spring connection between the pier and the foundation.
Defining the pier connection as a rigid link:
Add Column Insert Seg-
ment
Choose a name
Change type to Pier
Check/modify reference segment
Check/modify segment point
Choose the connection point (CP0)
Assign Co-
loumn CS and
Numbering
Assign the cross-section and numbering
system for the Column.
Note: The height 0 is the top of the sup-port/column! The bottom of the column is a
minus height!
Segment List
Choose the segment corresponding to the
column to be connected (P2). Change to the segment list and choose the segment
point to be connected (usually first or last
segment point) segment point 5 here.
Connection /
Insert a New
Connection
Select and then select In-
sert before and then New rigid connec-tion.
Define the
Connection
Points
Input for the 1st node (LH):
Segment P2, Before segment point 5, Part 1, Selected part.
Input for the 2nd
node (RH):
Segment seg1, After segment point 11, Part 1.
RM Bridge Definition of the Sub-Structure
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 5-5
Bentley Systems Austria
Spring-0
Define a new Spring at the bottom of the
pier 1:
Jump to Segment point 1
Hit and enter New
Spring-0
Insert Element number 1200
Define spring constants
Repeat Proce-
dure
Repeat the above procedure for Pier 3
(P3):
New rigid connection
Segment point 5 (P3) LH
Segment point 26 (seg1) RH
Define a new spring at the bottom of pier
2:
Jump to segment point 1
New spring-0
Insert element number 1300
Define spring constants
The pier definition is now complete.
Use the button to update all the data. The defined structure
can now be seen in plan and 3D view.
RM Bridge Data Export
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 6-1
Bentley Systems Austria
6 Data Export
The structural system definition is now complete and the data should be exported.
The export-procedure can be set in the recalculation option.
Select the main Recalc button.
Set the Create-Model option in order to export the Modeler data into the Analyzer database. The default-setting can be kept.
Confirm by clicking .
The modeling data which are prepared in this section are also available for Analyzer.
RM Bridge System Modifications
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 7-1
Bentley Systems Austria
7 System Modifications
7.1 Importing of Materials and Variables and Cross-Sections Via Defaults
An alternative to the above is to select File Load Default Properties from the main window.
Choose the material, cross-section or variable radio button.
Select the button then the arrow to open an explorer window.
Select the directory from which the desired data is to be copied into the project direc-
tory. (The user can easily use data prepared for previous projects in this way).
The structural system is now complete except for the definition of the tendon geometry.
The system can be calculated for the first time.
Hit .
The following pre-defined parameters can be accepted or modified as required.
Modify the following to suit this example (refer to the screen shot on the previous
page):
Input a project text.
Switch to AASHTO.
Only a cross section calculation and a structure check can be done at this stage.
Check Cross section calculation. Check Structure check. Uncheck all other Calculation options.
Confirm with to start the calculation.
Use the freehand symbol V to zoom all and redraw. The freehand V symbol must be drawn directly on the screen using the left mouse
button whilst simultaneously holding the key on the keyboard down.
The material safety factor of 0.95 is included in the characteristic diagram.
RM Bridge Tendon Jacking
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 8-1
Bentley Systems Austria
8 Tendon Jacking
The input procedure of the tendons is not the same as in the Training 1 example. The tendons from the Getting started example can be imported or the data input repeated
here.
Define the tendon material. Strand tendons shall consist of low-relaxation steel - materi-
al properties:
Apparent Modulus of Elasticity: 197 000 000 kN/m2
Ultimate Tensile Strength 1 860 000 kN/m2
Yield Strength 1 674 000 kN/m2
Stress strain curve
Tendon: AC=0.0016m2/tendon
AH=0.0050m2/duct
Friction Coefficient: 0.25
Wobble Coefficient: 0.151 deg/m
Note: Wobble only occurs with internal tendons (0.00066*(180/(pi*)=0.151[deg/m])).
Anchor Set (Wedge Slip): 6 mm = 0.006m
Epsilon [kN/m2]
-20.00 -1860000
-7.85 -1674000
0.00 0
7.85 1674000
20.00 1860000
Prestressing Steel
-2500000
-2000000
-1500000
-1000000
-500000
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
-20.00 -7.85 0.00 7.85 20.00
strain
str
ess
RM Bridge Tendon Jacking
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 8-2
Bentley Systems Austria
Allowable Stresses:
Jacking Force: 0.80 fpu
At anchorages after anchoring 0.70 fpu
At other location after anchoring 0.74 fpu
At Service limit state after losses 0.80 fpy
Define the tendon material.
Select PROPERTIES MATERIAL DATA. Select the last line of the material list.
Click the Append button. Input the data shown in the adjacent screen shot.
Confirm with .
The name of the new material is PT 1, the type is Prestr. steel.
Define the material properties.
Select the material in the material list.
Select the information button.
Input the data shown in the adjacent screen shot.
Confirm with .
The tendon material is now defined.
Factor 0.8 0.7 0.74 0.8
fpu 1860000 1488000 1302000 1376400
fpy 1674000 1339200
RM Bridge Tendon Jacking
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 8-3
Bentley Systems Austria
8.1 Definition the Tendon Groups Select STRUCTURE TENDON DATA AND PROPERTIES to open the tendon
list.
All the Tendon jacking defined in the current project are listed in the upper table and the
properties of the selected tendons are displayed in the lower table (geometric assign-
ment to elements: distance of the centre of gravity at the begin/end of the element).
Select the Append button of the top table to open the input window for tendon group definition.
Input the data shown in the table below.
Input the
Cable Proper-ties
STRUCTURE Tendon from 101 201 301 401 402 501
Tendon to 107 207 302 401 402 502
TENDON DATA Step 1 1 1 1 1 1
Tendon Type Intern Intern Intern Intern Intern Intern
Top table Tendon geom. Nor-
mal
Nor-mal
Nor-mal
Nor-mal
Nor-mal
Nor-mal
Material
AASH-TO:
PTtrend Gr 270
AASH-TO:
PTtrend Gr 270
AASH-TO:
PTtrend Gr 270
AASH-TO:
PTtrend Gr 270
AASH-TO:
PTtrend Gr 270
AASH-TO:
PTtrend Gr 270
Number 2 2 2 4 2 2
At [m2] 0.0009 0.0009 0.0016 0.0016 0.0016 0.0016
Ad [m2] 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005
Beta [Deg/m] 0.151 0.151 0.151 0.151 0.151 0.151
Friction 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
Confirm with .
8.2 Assigning the Tendon Group to the Elements
The tendon groups are listed in the upper table and the elements assigned to the selected
tendon are displayed in the lower table.
Select the tendon group.
Click the lower Append button to open the assignment input window. Input the data shown in the table below.
RM Bridge Tendon Jacking
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 8-4
Bentley Systems Austria
Input the Cable As-signment
STRUCTURE TdNum 101 102 103 104 105 106 107
El from 110 109 108 107 106 105 104
TENDON DATA El to 111 112 113 114 115 116 117
El step 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
ASSIGNMENT
Bottom table
TdNum 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 301 302 401 402 501 502
El from 125 124 123 122 121 120 119 101 101 107 113 128 130
El to 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 108 106 129 123 135 135
El step 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Confirm with .
8.3 Definition of the Cable Geometry
Input the Cable
Geometry
STRUCTURE Tendon No. 101
Ref. Elem. 110 110 111
TENDON DA-
TA CS pnt FiT FiT FiT
Global/Local Local Local Local
GEOMETRY X/L 0 1 1
eY [m] -0.5 -0.2 -0.5
Bottom table eZ [m] 0 0 0
Rel. to CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt
Alfa1 Free Value Free
Value - 0 -
Alfa2 Free Value Free
Value - 0 -
Rel. to Elem Node Elem
Straight part
Extern
RM Bridge Tendon Jacking
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 8-5
Bentley Systems Austria
TdNum 102 103
Ref. Elem. 109 109 110 112 112 108 108 110 113 113
CS pnt FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT
Global/Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local
X/L 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
eY [m] -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5
eZ [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rel. to CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt
Alfa1 Free Value Value Value Free Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 0 0 - - 0 0 0 -
Alfa2 Free Value Value Value Free Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 0 0 - - 0 0 0 -
Rel. to Elem Node Node Node Elem Elem Node Node Node Elem
Straight part
Extern
TdNum 104 105
Ref. Elem. 107 107 110 114 114 106 106 110 115 115
CS pnt FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT
Global/Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local
X/L 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
eY [m] -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5
eZ [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rel. to CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt
Alfa1 Free Value Value Value Free Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 0 0 - - 0 0 0 -
Alfa2 Free Value Value Value Free Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 0 0 - - 0 0 0 -
Rel. to Elem Node Node Node Elem Elem Node Node Node Elem
Straight part
Extern
TdNum 106 107
Ref. Elem. 105 105 110 116 116 104 104 110 117 117
CS pnt FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT
Global/Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local
X/L 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
eY [m] -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5
eZ [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rel. to CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt
Alfa1 Free Value Value Value Free Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 0 0 - - 0 0 0 -
Alfa2 Free Value Value Value Free Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 0 0 - - 0 0 0 -
Rel. to Elem Node Node Node Elem Elem Node Node Node Elem
Straight part
Extern
RM Bridge Tendon Jacking
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 8-6
Bentley Systems Austria
TdNum 201 202
Ref. Elem. 125 125 126 124 124 125 127 127
CS pnt FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT
Global/Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local
X/L 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
eY [m] -0.5 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5
eZ [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rel. to CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt
Alfa1 Free Value Free Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 - - 0 0 0 -
Alfa2 Free Value Free Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 - - 0 0 0 -
Rel. to Elem Node Elem Elem Node Node Node Elem
Straight part
Extern
TdNum 203 204
Ref. Elem. 123 123 125 128 128 122 122 125 129 129
CS pnt FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT
Global/Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local
X/L 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
eY [m] -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5
eZ [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rel. to CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt
Alfa1 Free Value Value Value Free Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 0 0 - - 0 0 0 -
Alfa2 Free Value Value Value Free Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 0 0 - - 0 0 0 -
Rel. to Elem Node Node Node Elem Elem Node Node Node Elem
Straight part
Extern
TdNum 205 206
Ref. Elem. 121 121 125 130 130 120 120 125 131 131
CS pnt FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT
Global/Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local
X/L 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
eY [m] -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5
eZ [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rel. to CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt
Alfa1 Free Value Value Value Free Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 0 0 - - 0 0 0 -
Alfa2 Free Value Value Value Free Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 0 0 - - 0 0 0 -
Rel. to Elem Node Node Node Elem Elem Node Node Node Elem
Straight part
Extern
RM Bridge Tendon Jacking
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 8-7
Bentley Systems Austria
TdNum 207
Ref. Elem. 119 119 125 132 132
CS pnt FiT FiT FiT FiT FiT
Global/Local Local Local Local Local Local
X/L 0 1 1 0 1
eY [m] -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5
eZ [m] 0 0 0 0 0
Rel. to CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt
Alfa1 Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 0 0 -
Alfa2 Free Value Value Value Free
Value - 0 0 0 -
Rel. to Elem Node Node Node Elem
Straight part
Extern
TdNum 301 302
Ref. Elem. 101 106 108 108 101 106 106
CS pnt FiB FiB FiB FiB FiB FiB FiB
Global/Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local
X/L 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
eY [m] 2.0 0.4 0.2 0.2 2.3 0.7 0.5
eZ [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Rel. to CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt
Alfa1 Free Free Free Free Free Free Free
Value - - - - - - -
Alfa2 Free Free Free Free Free Free Free
Value - - - - - - -
Rel. to Elem Elem Elem Elem Elem Elem Elem
Straight part
Extern
TdNum 401
Ref. Elem. 107 108 111 114 118 123 126 128 129
CS pnt FiB FiB FiB FiB FiB FiB FiB FiB FiB
Global/Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local
X/L 0 1 0 0 0.5 0 0 0 1
eY [m] 0.5 0.4 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.4 0.5
eZ [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rel. to CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt
Alfa1 Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free
Value - - - - - - - - -
Alfa2 Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free
Value - - - - - - - - -
Rel. to Elem Elem Elem Elem Elem Elem Elem Elem Elem
Straight part
Extern
RM Bridge Tendon Jacking
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 8-8
Bentley Systems Austria
TdNum 402 501
Ref. Elem. 113 115 123 128 128 130 135
CS pnt FiB FiB FiB FiB FiB FiB FiB
Global/Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local
X/L 0 0.5 1 0 1 1 1
eY [m] 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.4 2.0
eZ [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rel. to CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt
Alfa1 Free Free Free Free Free Free Free
Value - - - - - - -
Alfa2 Free Free Free Free Free Free Free
Value - - - - - - -
Rel. to Elem Elem Elem Elem Elem Elem Elem
Straight part
Extern
TdNum 502
Ref. Elem. 130 130 135
CS pnt FiB FiB FiB
Global/Local Local Local Local
X/L 0 1 1
eY [m] 0.5 0.7 2.3
eZ [m] 0 0 0
Rel. to CS pnt CS pnt CS pnt
Alfa1 Free Free Free
Value - - -
Alfa2 Free Free Free
Value - - -
Rel. to Elem Elem Elem
Straight part
Extern
The definition of the cable geometry is now complete.
Close the geometry window by selecting .
The tendon definitions are now complete and will be displayed in the main graphic
screen after calling redraw (free hand symbol +o).
Use the freehand V symbol to view the tendon profile (drawn directly on the screen
using the left mouse button whilst simultaneously holding the key on the
keyboard down).
RM Bridge Tendon Jacking
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 8-9
Bentley Systems Austria
8.4 Definition of the Tendon Stressing Schedule
All the tendon stressing actions are defined in the construction schedule.
Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIONS AND ACTIVATION to start the stage definitions.
Select (lower left side) to input the tendon actions.
Input the Tendon
Schedule
CONSTR.SCHED STRESS/RELAX/WEDGE PRER WEDR PRER WEDR
Type FACT. - FACT. -
STAGE ACTIONS Tendon 101 101 201 201
Factor / Wedge [m] 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006
TENDON Stress label STG1 STG1 STG1 STG1
Top table
STRESS/RELAX/WEDGE PREL WEDL PRER WEDR
Type FACT. - FACT. -
Tendon 102 102 202 202
Factor / Wedge [m] 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006
Stress label STG2 STG2 STG2 STG2
STRESS/RELAX/WEDGE PRER WEDR PREL WEDL
Type FACT. - FACT. -
Tendon 103 103 203 203
Factor / Wedge [m] 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006
Stress label STG3 STG3 STG3 STG2
STRESS/RELAX/WEDGE PREL WEDL PRER WEDR
Type FACT. - FACT. -
Tendon 104 104 204 204
Factor / Wedge [m] 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006
Stress label STG4 STG4 STG4 STG4
STRESS/RELAX/WEDGE PRER WEDR PREL WEDL
Type FACT. - FACT. -
Tendon 105 105 205 205
Factor / Wedge [m] 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006
Stress label STG5 STG5 STG5 STG5
STRESS/RELAX/WEDGE PRER WEDR PREL WEDL PRER WEDR PREL WEDL
Type FACT. - FACT. - FACT. - FACT. -
Tendon 106 106 106 106 206 206 206 206
Factor / Wedge [m] 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006
Stress label STG6 STG6 STG6 STG6 STG6 STG6 STG6 STG6
RM Bridge Tendon Jacking
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 8-10
Bentley Systems Austria
STRESS/RELAX/WEDGE PRER WEDR PREL WEDL PRER WEDR PREL WEDL
Type FACT. - FACT. - FACT. - FACT. -
Tendon 107 107 107 107 207 207 207 207
Factor / Wedge [m] 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006
Stress label STG7 STG7 STG7 STG7 STG7 STG7 STG7 STG7
STRESS/RELAX/WEDGE PREL WEDL PREL WEDL PREL WEDL PREL WEDL
Type FACT. - FACT. - FACT. - FACT. -
Tendon 301 301 302 302 401 401 402 402
Factor / Wedge [m] 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006
Stress label STG8 STG8 STG8 STG8 STG9 STG9 STG9 STG9
STRESS/RELAX/WEDGE PRER WEDR PRER WEDR
Type FACT. - FACT. -
Tendon 501 501 502 502
Factor / Wedge [m] 1.08 0.006 1.08 0.006
Stress label STG8 STG8 STG8 STG8
The tendon geometry definition and the tendon schedule are now complete.
RM Bridge Loads
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 9-1
Bentley Systems Austria
9 Loads Every load is defined separately.
Several loads can be combined into one LOAD SET.
Several LOAD SETS can be combined to form one LOAD CASE.
The results from LOAD CASES can be combined in many ways to form envelopes.
Result envelopes can be combined with other result envelopes to form an envelope of the envelope.
All the loading cases can be individually factored before being combined into an envelope.
All the envelopes can be individually factored before being combined into another envelope.
The results from an individual loading case can be added to another loading case or added/combined into an envelope.
9.1 Defining Loads
Several loads can be combined into one LOAD SET.
Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE LOAD DEFINITION to start the load-ing definition.
Select to open the load definition input window.
9.1.1 Definition of Load Sets for Self Weight
Insert Load Set
CONSTRUCTION
SCHEDULE Loading
Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Name SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4
LOAD DEFINIT. LCnr. SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4
LSET
Top table
Loading Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Name SW-5 SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 SW-9
LCnr. SW-5 SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 SW-9
RM Bridge Loads
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 9-2
Bentley Systems Austria
Define Load Sets for
the Self Weight
CONSTR. SCHED. Name SW-1
Loading Uniform
load
Uniform load
Uniform load
Uniform load
LOAD DEFINIT. Type Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
From 110 125 1201 1301
LSET To 111 126 1204 1304
Step 1 1 1 1
Bottom table Rx 0 0 0 0
Ry -1 -1 -1 -1
Rz 0 0 0 0
Gam
[kN/m3] 24.3 24.3 23.5 23.5
Position Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
Name SW-2 SW-3 SW-4 SW-5
Loading Uniform
load Uniform
load Uniform
load Uniform
load Uniform
load Uniform
load Uniform
load Uniform
load
Type Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
From 109 124 108 123 107 122 106 121
To 112 127 113 128 114 129 115 130
Step 3 3 5 5 7 7 9 9
Rx 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ry -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
Rz 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gam
[kN/m3] 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.3
Position Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
Name SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 SW-9
Loading Uniform
load Uniform
load Uniform
load Uniform
load Uniform
load Uniform
load Uniform
load
Type Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
Self weightload&mass
From 105 120 104 119 101 133 118
To 116 131 117 132 103 135 118
Step 11 11 13 13 1 1 1
Rx 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ry -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
Rz 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gam [kN/m3]
24.3 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.3
Position Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
Real langth
RM Bridge Loads
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 9-3
Bentley Systems Austria
9.1.2 Definition of Load Sets for the Traveller
Insert Load Set
CONSTR. SCHED. Loading Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Name TR-1 TR-2 TR-3 TR-4
LOAD DEFINIT. LCnr. TR-1 TR-2 TR-3 TR-4
LSET
Top table
Loading Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Name TR-5 TR-6 TR-8
LCnr. TR-5 TR-6 TR-8
Define Load Sets for
the Traveller
CONSTR. SCHED. Name TR-1
Loading Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
LOAD DEFINIT. Type Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
From 110 112 125 127
LSET To 110 112 125 127
Step 1 1 1 1
Bottom table Fx [kN] 0 0 0 0
Fy [kN] -650 -650 -650 -650
Fz [kN] 0 0 0 0
Mx[kNm] 0 0 0 0
My[kNm] 0 0 0 0
Mz[kNm] -100 100 -100 100
Name TR-2 TR-3
Loading Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Type Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
From 109 113 124 128 108 114 123 129
To 109 113 124 128 108 114 123 129
Step 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Fx [kN] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fy [kN] -650 -650 -650 -650 -650 -650 -650 -650
Fz [kN] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mx[kNm] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
My[kNm] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mz[kNm] -100 100 -100 100 -100 100 -100 100
RM Bridge Loads
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 9-4
Bentley Systems Austria
Name TR-4 TR-5
Loading Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Type Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
Single node
load
From 107 115 122 130 106 116 121 131
To 107 115 122 130 106 116 121 131
Step 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Fx [kN] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fy [kN] -650 -650 -650 -650 -650 -650 -650 -650
Fz [kN] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mx[kNm
] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
My[kNm]
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mz[kNm] -100 100 -100 100 -100 100 -100 100
Name TR-6 TR-8
Loading Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Type Single node
load Single node
load Single node
load Single node
load Single node
load Single node
load
From 105 117 120 132 118 119
To 105 117 120 132 118 119
Step 1 1 1 1 1 1
Fx [kN] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fy [kN] -650 -650 -650 -650 -325 -325
Fz [kN] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mx[kNm]
0 0 0 0 0 0
My[kNm
] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mz[kNm] -100 100 -100 100 -50 50
RM Bridge Loads
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 9-5
Bentley Systems Austria
9.1.3 Definition of Load Sets for the Dead Loads Name SDL Name SDL
Loading Uniform
load
Loading
Uniform load
Uniform load
Type
Uniform
concentric element load
Type
Uniform
eccentric element load
Uniform
eccentric element load
From 101 From 101 101
To 135 To 135 135
Step 1 Step 1 1
Qx [kN/m] 0 Qx [kN/m] 0 0
Qy [kN/m] -18 Qy [kN/m] -6.1 -6.1
Qz [kN/m] 0 Qz [kN/m] 0 0
Direction Global Direction Global Global
Load appli-cation
Real length
Eccentricity Local+Y Elem-Ecc
Local+Y Elem-Ecc
Definition Load/Unit
length
Ey [m] 0 0
Ez [m] +6.3 -6.3
Load applica-
tion Real length Real length
Definition Load/Unit
length
Load/Unit length
9.1.4 Definition of Load Sets for the Wet Concrete
Insert Load Set
CONSTR.SCHED. Loading Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Name WC-1 WC-2 WC-3 WC-4
LOAD DEFINIT. LCnr. WC-1 WC-2 WC-3 WC-4
LSET
Top table
Loading Add to load case
Add to load case
Name WC-5 WC-6
LCnr. WC-5 WC-6
RM Bridge Loads
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 9-6
Bentley Systems Austria
Define Load Sets for
the Wet Concrete
CONSTR.SCHED. Name WC-1
Loading Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
LOAD DEFINIT. Type Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
From 109 112 124 127
LSET To 109 112 124 127
Step 1 1 1 1
Bottom table Nod 110 112 125 127
Gam
[kN/m3] 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3
Ecc2 [m] 0 0 0 0
Ex [m] -3 3 -3 3
Ey [m] 0 0 0 0
Ez [m] 0 0 0 0
Name WC-2 WC-3
Loading Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Type Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
From 108 113 123 128 107 114 122 129
To 108 113 123 128 107 114 122 129
Step 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Nod 109 113 124 128 108 114 123 129
Gam
[kN/m3] 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3
Ecc2 [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ex [m] -3 3 -3 3 -3 3 -3 3
Ey [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ez [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Name WC-4 WC-5
Loading Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Type Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
From 106 115 121 130 105 116 120 131
To 106 115 121 130 105 116 120 131
Step 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Nod 107 115 122 130 106 116 121 131
Gam [kN/m3]
25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3
Ecc2 [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ex [m] -3 3 -3 3 -3 3 -3 3
Ey [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ez [m] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RM Bridge Loads
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 9-7
Bentley Systems Austria
Name WC-6
Loading Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Concen-trated load
Type Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
Single el. load as
nodal load
From 104 117 119 132
To 104 117 119 132
Step 1 1 1 1
Nod 105 117 120 132
Gam
[kN/m3] 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3
Ecc2 [m] 0 0 0 0
Ex [m] -3 3 -3 3
Ey [m] 0 0 0 0
Ez [m] 0 0 0 0
9.1.5 Definition of Load Sets for the Tendon Jacking
Insert Load Set
CONSTR.SCHED. Loading Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Name PT-1 PT-2 PT-3 PT-4
LOAD DEFINIT. LCnr. PT-1 PT-2 PT-3 PT-4
LSET
Top table
Loading Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Add to load case
Name PT-5 PT-6 PT-7 PT-8 PT-9
LCnr. PT-5 PT-6 PT-7 PT-8 PT-9
RM Bridge Loads
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 9-8
Bentley Systems Austria
Define Load Sets for the Tendons
CONSTR.SCHED. Name PT-1 PT-2
Loading Stressing Stressing Stressing Stressing
LOAD DEFINIT. Type Tendon stressing Tendon stressing Tendon stressing Tendon stressing
From 101 201 102 202
LSET To 101 201 102 202
Step 1 1 1 1
Bottom table Type Increment
Force
Increment Force
Increment Force
Increment Force
Name PT-3 PT-4 PT-5 PT-6
Loading Tension-
ing
Tension-ing
Tension-ing
Tension-ing
Tension-ing
Tension-ing
Tension-ing
Tension-ing
Type Tendon stressing
Tendon stressing
Tendon stressing
Tendon stressing
Tendon stressing
Tendon stressing
Tendon stressing
Tendon stressing
From 103 203 104 204 105 205 106 206
To 103 203 104 204 105 205 106 206
Step 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Type Incre-
ment Force
Incre-ment Force
Incre-ment Force
Incre-ment Force
Incre-ment Force
Incre-ment Force
Incre-ment Force
Incre-ment Force
Name PT-7 PT-8 PT-9
Loading Stressing Stressing Stressing Stressing Stressing
Type Tendon stressing Tendon stressing Tendon stressing Tendon stressing Tendon stressing
From 107 207 301 501 401
To 107 207 302 502 402
Step 1 1 1 1 1
Type Increment
Force
Increment Force
Increment Force
Increment Force
Increment Force
9.1.6 Definition of Load Cases for Creeping and Shrinkage
Insert Load Case
CONSTR.SCHED. Name CS-1 CS-2 CS-3 CS-4 CS-5 CS-6 CS-7
Type Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm
LOAD DEFINIT. Load Info - - - - - - -
LCASE
Top table
Name CS-8 CS-9 CS-SUM
Type Perm Perm Perm
Load Info - - -
It is not necessary to define Load sets for creep and shrinkage!
RM Bridge Loads
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 9-9
Bentley Systems Austria
9.1.7 Additional Assignment of Load Set to Load Case
The assignment of Load set 101-107, 201-206 and 301-306 is already done, because you used the function Add to load case when you defined the Load set.
Now we add additional Load sets into the Load cases, to define special load situa-tions during the construction stages.
The following table describes the removement of the wet concrete and the addition of
the self weight of the prestressed concrete in one single load case.
E.g. Load case 102 is defined by the Load sets 102 and 301, but load case 301 use the Constant factor 1 (remove load).
Input Load Sets
CONSTR.SCHED. Name SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4
Loading Load
set
input
Load set
input
Load set
input
Load set
input
Load set
input
Load set
input
Load set
input
LOAD DEFINIT. Loadset SW-1 SW-2 WC-1 SW-3 WC-2 SW-4 WC-3
Const-Fac. 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1
LCASE Var-Fac. - - - - - - -
Bottom table
Name SW-5 SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 SW-9
Loading Load
set
input
Load set
input
Load set
input
Load set
input
Load set
input
Load set
input
Load set
input
Load set
input
Loadset SW-5 WC-4 SW-6 WC-5 SW-1 WC-6 SW-8 SW-9
Const-Fac. 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1
Var-Fac. - - - - - - - -
The following table describes the move of the traveller during the construction stages.
E.g. Load case 201 is defined by the load sets 201 and 202, but load case 201 use the Const-Fac. 1 (remove load).
Input Load Sets
CONSTR.SCHED. Name TR-1 TR-2 TR-3 TR-4
Loadset TR-1 TR-2 TR-1 TR-3 TR-2 TR-4 TR-3
LOAD DEFINIT. Const-Fac. 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1
Var-Fac. - - - - - - -
LCASE
Bottom table
RM Bridge Loads
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 9-10
Bentley Systems Austria
Name TR-5 TR-6 TR-8 TR-9
Loadset TR-5 TR-4 TR-6 TR-5 TR-8 TR-6 TR-8
Const-Fac. 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1
Var-Fac. - - - - - - -
9.2 Load Manager
The following actions can be made with LMANAGE:
An individual loading case can be defined so that its results are automatically added to 1,2 or 3 other loading case numbers after calculation.
An individual loading case can be defined so that its results are automatically combined into 1,2 or 3 envelopes after calculation.
The loading cases and envelopes that are being added or combined into, must have been defined prior to this Info action.
Loading cases and envelopes are set up (initialised) using the Lcinit function.
Notice: All the actions on loading cases and envelopes are started from CONSTRUCTION SCHE-
DULE STAGE ACTION AND ACTIVATION.
Open the load input with CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE LOAD DEFINITION. Select
The displayed window has two tables the upper table contains a list of load informa-tion and the lower table lists the loads or envelop results that have been assigned to the
selected load info.
Click the Append button above the top table to open the load info input window. Insert the values by using the following table.
RM Bridge Loads
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 9-11
Bentley Systems Austria
All loads assigned to this Load Info are automatically added. The assignment of loads to
Load Infos are defined during load definition in .
Select to open the load case input window.
Select the load case SW-1 in the top table. Select the Edit button. Choose the Load Info window arrow to display the load info selection window. Select SW.
Repeat this procedure to define the SW, TR, SDL, WC, PT, and CS for the other load
cases by using the table below.
Input for the Load
Manager
CONSTR.SCHED. Load Manag-
er SW TR SDL WC PT CS
Load case I SW-
SUM
TR-
SUM
SDL-
SUM
WC-
SUM
PT-
SUM
CS-
SUM
LOAD DEFINIT. State Total Total Total Total Total Total
Load case II STG-
SUM
STG-
SUM
STG-
SUM
STG-
SUM
STG-
SUM
STG-
SUM
LMANAGE State Total Total Total Total Total Total
Load case III - - - - - -
Top table State - - - - - -
Envelope I - - - - - -
Comb I - - - - - -
Envelope II - - - - - -
Comb II - - - - - -
Envelope III - - - - - -
Comb III - - - - - -
Input for the Load
Manager
CONSTR.SCHED. Name SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4 SW-5 SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 SW-9
Type Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm
LOAD DEFINIT. Load info SW SW SW SW SW SW SW SW SW
LCASE
Top table
Name TR-1 TR-2 TR-3 TR-4 TR-5 TR-6 TR-8 SDL WC-1 WC-2 WC-3 WC-4 WC-5 WC-6 PT-1 PT-2 PT-3
Type Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm
Load info TR TR TR TR TR TR TR SDL WC WC WC WC WC WC PT PT PT
Name PT-4 PT-5 PT-6 PT-7 PT-8 PT-9 CS-1 CS-2 CS-3 CS-4 CS-5 CS-6 CS-7 CS-8 CS-9
Type Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm Perm
Load info PT PT PT PT PT PT CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS
RM Bridge Loads
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 9-12
Bentley Systems Austria
The final creep loading case CS-SUM should not be added to the general loading case
CS as it is necessary to have the final creep and shrinkage effects separate. So it is poss-
ible that the structure can be checked after construction (before final creep and shrin-
kage) with live loading and other loading combinations and at the time infinity with live
loading and other combinations.
dungttHighlight
RM Bridge Construction Stages
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 10-1
Bentley Systems Austria
10 Construction Stages
10.1 Stage 1
10.1.1 Element Activation Open the CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIONS AND ACTIVA-
TION.
Select .
The entire Activation plan for the bridge construction is summarised in this window.
The upper table displays a list of all the construction/activation stages.
The lower table lists all the elements that are activated in the selected construc-tion stage.
Construction stages have a begin time and a duration.
Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage definition.
Input STG-1 as name and Construction stage 1 as description. Confirm with .
Select .
Select the lower Append button to open the input window for element activa-tion/deactivation.
Activate elements for Construction stage 1 by using the following table.
Input Active Elements to Stage 1
CONSTR.SCHED. Activ
Deact
STAGE From 110 125 1200 1201 1300 1301
To 111 126 1200 1204 1300 1304
ACTIVATION step 1 1 1 1 1 1
Age 7 7 0 30 0 30
Bottom table ts 0 0 0 0 0 0
10.1.2 Calculation (Static) Open the construction actions input window by selecting .
RM Bridge Construction Stages
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 10-2
Bentley Systems Austria
The upper table contains a list of the defined construction stages.
The lower table contains a list of the actions assigned to the selected construction stage.
Select the (lower) Append button to add an action and insert the actions shown in the table below.
Input the Calculation
for the Construction Stage 1
CONSTR.SCHED. Action Load case action
Load case action
Load case action
Load case action
Load case action
Type LcInit LcInit LcInit LcInit LcInit
STAGE Inp1 - - - - -
Inp2 - - - - -
ACTION Inp3 - - - - -
Out1 SW-SUM TR-SUM WC-SUM SDL-SUM PT-SUM
Bottom table Out2 - - - - -
Delta-T - - - - -
Action Load case action
Load case action
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Type LcInit LcInit Calc Stress Calc GROUT Calc Calc Creep
Inp1 - - SW-1 - PT-1 101,201,100 TR-1 WC-1 1
Inp2 - - - STG-1 - - - - -
Inp3 - - - - - - - - -
Out1 CS-SUM STG-SUM - - - - - - CS-1
Out2 - - * * * - * * *
Delta-T - - 0 0 0 0 0 0 14
Action Load case action List/plot action
Type LcInit DoPlot
Inp1 STG-SUM PlotSet1:pl-
struct
Inp2 - -
Inp3 - -
Out1 STG1-SUM *
Out2 - -
Delta-T - -
Note: If the sequence of actions becomes scrambled, use the copy button to copy the actions in the correct order to the end of the list and then delete the scrambled action sequence.
10.2 Stage 2 Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage
definition.
Input STG-2 as name and Construction stage 2 as description.
Confirm with .
RM Bridge Construction Stages
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 10-3
Bentley Systems Austria
Select .
Select the lower Append button to open the input window for element activa-tion/deactivation.
Activate and calculate elements for Construction stage 2 by using the following tables.
10.2.1 Element Activation
Input Active Elements to Stage 2
CONSTR.SCHED. Activ
Deact
STAGE From 109 124
To 112 127
ACTIVATION step 3 3
Age 7 7
Bottom table ts 0 0
10.2.2 Calculation (Static)
Input the Calculation
for the
Stage 2
CONSTR.SCHED. Action Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Type Calc Stress Calc GROUT
STAGE Inp1 SW-2 - PT-2 102,202,100
Inp2 - STG7 - -
ACTION Inp3 - - - -
Out1 - - - -
Bottom table Out2 * * * -
Delta-T 0 0 0 0
Action Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Load case action List/plot action
Typ Calc Calc Creep LcInit DoPlot
Inp1 TR-2 WC-2 - STG-SUM PlotSet1:pl-
struct
Inp2 - - 1 - -
Inp3 - - - - -
Out1 - - CS-2 STG7-SUM *
Out2 * * * - -
Delta-T 0 0 14 - -
10.3 Stage 3 Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage
definition.
Input STG-3 as name and Construction stage 3 as description.
Confirm with .
Select .
RM Bridge Construction Stages
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 10-4
Bentley Systems Austria
Select the lower Append button to open the input window for element activa-tion/deactivation.
Activate and calculate elements for Construction stage 3 by using the following tables.
10.3.1 Element Activation
Input Active Elements
to Stage 3
CONSTR.SCHED. Activ
Deact
STAGE From 108 123
To 113 128
ACTIVATION step 5 5
Age 7 7
Bottom table ts 0 0
10.3.2 Calculation (Static)
Input the Calculation for the
Stage 3
CONSTR.SCHED. Action Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Type Calc Stress Calc GROUT
STAGE Inp1 SW-3 - PT-3 103,203,100
Inp2 - STG3 - -
ACTION Inp3 - - - -
Out1 - - - -
Bottom table Out2 * * * -
Delta-T 0 0 0 0
Action Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Load case action List/plot action
Type Calc Calc Creep LcInit DoPlot
Inp1 TR-3 WC-3 - STG-SUM PlotSet1:pl-
struct
Inp2 - - 1 - -
Inp3 - - - - -
Out1 - - CS-3 STG3-SUM *
Out2 * * * - -
Delta-T 0 0 14 - -
10.4 Stage 4 Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage
definition.
Input STG-4 as name and Construction stage 4 as description.
Confirm with .
Select .
Select the lower Append button to open the input window for element activa-tion/deactivation.
RM Bridge Construction Stages
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 10-5
Bentley Systems Austria
Activate and calculate elements for Construction stage 4 by using the following tables.
10.4.1 Element Activation
Input Active Elements
to Stage 4
CONSTR.SCHED. Activ
Deact
STAGE From 107 122
To 114 129
ACTIVATION step 7 7
Age 7 7
Bottom table ts 0 0
10.4.2 Calculation (Static)
Input the Calculation
for the Stage 4
CONSTR.SCHED. Action Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Type Calc Stress Calc GROUT
STAGE Inp1 SW-4 - PT-4 104,204,100
Inp2 - STG4 - -
ACTION Inp3 - - - -
Out1 - - - -
Bottom table Out2 * * * -
Delta-T 0 0 0 0
Action Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Calculation (Static)
Load case action
List/plot action
Type Calc Calc Creep LcInit DoPlot
Inp1 TR-4 WC-4 - STG-SUM PlotSet1:pl-
struct
Inp2 - - 1 - -
Inp3 - - - - -
Out1 - - CS-4 STG4-SUM *
Out2 * * * - -
Delta-T 0 0 14 - -
10.5 Stage 5 Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage
definition.
Input STG-5 as name and Construction stage 5 as description.
Confirm with .
Select .
Select the lower Append button to open the input window for element activa-tion/deactivation.
Activate and calculate elements for Construction s