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RNA & Central Dogma
BELLWORK- HAVE SLATE, MARKER & ERASER ON DESK
1. What does DNA stand for?
2. Based on your answer to #1, predict what RNA stands for?
3. What is the complementary DNA strand to this sequence GTA ATC ATA?
4. Draw and label a picture of a nucleotide.
5. Who are Watson & Crick & what do they have to do with DNA?
Announcements
Bio 1-2: Is your science fair board turned in?
PreAP: BLAST handout get ratHBB from class website @ home DietrichBiology.wikispaces.com due date changed to next Tues. 1-28-14
Everyone: This is a block week, so Friday is….
Everyone: Pass out slates for today
Central Dogma (“Big Idea”) of Biology
DNA
RNA
Protein
DNA stores information to run cell
DNA vs RNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
•How many nucleotides?
•3 parts of a nucleotide?
•What does the “B” stand for?
DNA vs RNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
•How many nucleotides?
•3 parts of a nucleotide?
•What does the “B” stand for?
Ribonucleic Acid
What’s the
difference?
OH!
Remember this?
Structure is related
to function!
What are DNA’s 2 functions?
RNA Structure Notes
•RIBOSE is the sugar in RNA nucleotides (instead of deoxyribose)
RNA Structure Notes
•RIBOSE is the sugar in RNA nucleotides (instead of deoxyribose)
•In RNA, the nitrogenous bases are G,C,A and U (no T)
RNA Structure Notes
•RIBOSE is the sugar in RNA nucleotides (instead of deoxyribose)
•In RNA, the nitrogenous bases are G,C,A and U (no T)
•RNA is usually single-stranded
Vote by sign language:
DNADNA
AGCCTGCTATCGGACGAT
RNA
RNA RNA
NA NA
Try this
What might it look like if you turned this double stranded DNA molecule into an RNA copy?
AGTTCGATCAAGCT
RNA: UCAAGCUWhich DNA strand would this RNA be the COMPLEMENT of?
Try this
What might it look like if you turned this double stranded DNA molecule into an RNA copy?
AGTTCGATCAAGCT
RNA: UCAAGCUWhich DNA strand would this RNA be the COMPLEMENT of?
Do the RNA complement for the bottom DNA strand
AGUUCGA
DNA vs RNA
RNA has a
different structure
… predict
it’s functions (jobs)
Hint: other names for RNA
messenger RNA
ribosomal RNA
transfer RNA
Central Dogma (“Big Idea”) of Biology
DNA
RNA
Protein
DNA stores information to run cell
RNA’s function is
to make proteins!
Why are proteins so important? Proteins are made of tiny subunits…what
are they called?
What are some functions of proteins? (Hint: ) Chemical Reactions (enzymes) Immune System (antibodies) Growth & Development (hormones) etc.
Central Dogma (“Big Idea”) of Biology
DNA
RNA
Protein
DNA stores information to run cell
Proteins actually DO the work in
the cell
RNA’s function is
to make proteins!
Types of RNA
mRNA: messenger RNA makes a copy (message) of the information stored in DNA & moves the info out of the nucleus! (DNA doesn’t leave nucleus)
Codons are 3 letter “words” that make up the message- it’s a recipe for a protein
Types of RNA
rRNA: ribosomal RNA folds into a ribosome which reads the mRNA codons and connects amino acids into a chain that will become a proteinrRNA folds into 2
subunits (large & small)
Together, they make the ribosome!
Realistic image of rRNA folded
into a ribosome
Types of RNA
tRNA: transfer RNA transports amino acids to the ribosome, and uses an anti-codon to match the correct amino acid to the correct mRNA codon. It then transfers amino acids to the growing chain.tRNA is
T-shaped!
Closure- Structure & Function of DNA & RNA
DNA
RNA